2019届二轮复习形容词和副词课件（36张）

2019届二轮复习形容词和副词课件（36张）

2019 届二轮复习第十一 讲 形容词和副词 01 形容词和副词 1. 形容词 和副词的句法 作用 | 2. 形容词 变副词的 方法 | 3. 形容词 和副词的比较 等级 4. 形容词 和副词的 最高级 | 5. 形容词和副词的几个注意事项 I. 单句语法填空 | II. 单句改错 | III. 翻译句子 | IV. 语法填空 | V. 短文 改错 06 针对训练 形容词和副词 形容词和副词是历年高考的必考点。 形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词 ，表示事物或人的性质和特征。 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至是句子 。 一、形容词和副词的句法作用 形容词 的句法 作用 形容词主要修饰 名词或代词 ，在句中主要作定语，表语和补足语。 1 There is a beautiful park in the center of the city. 在城市中心有一座美丽的公园。 The film is both inspiring and interesting . 这部电影既有趣又令人振奋。 We must keep our city clean and tidy . 我们必须让我们的城市干净整洁。 一、形容词和副词的句法作用 副词 的句法 作用 副词在句子中主要用作状语，用来修饰 动词、形容词和其他副词 ，有时还可修饰 短语和句子 。 1 Xiao Li works very hard in the factory every day. 小李每天在工厂里努力工作。 He usually gets up at six and he is never late for class. 他每天 6 点起床，从未上课迟到。 Luckily ， he managed to climb up the steep hill. 幸运的是，他爬上了这座陡峭的山。 二、形容词变副词的方法 一般 在形容词的词尾 加 -ly 将其变成 副词。 如 quick—quickly ， slow—slowly ， loud—loudly ， sudden—suddenly 等。 1 一些 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词，要把 y 改为 i ，再 加 -ly 。 如 happy—happily ， angry—angrily ， lucky—luckily ， heavy—heavily ， noisy—noisily 等。 2 有些以 -ble 或 le 结尾的形容词， 去掉 e 再 加 y 。 如 happy—happily ， angry—angrily ， lucky—luckily ， heavy—heavily ， noisy—noisily 等。 3 二、形容词变副词的方法 一少数 以 -e 结尾的形容词，要 去掉 e 再 加 -ly 。如 true—truly 等。但绝大多数 以 e 结尾的形容词仍然直接 加 -ly 。 如 polite—politely ， wide—widely ， immediate—immediately 等。 4 以 -l 结尾的形容词要在词尾 加 -ly ，以 ll 结尾的形容词要在词尾 加 -y 。 如 usual—usually ， careful—carefully ， useful—usefully ， full—fully 等。 5 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 构成规则 —— 规则变化 1 构成 例词 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节的词一般情况下直接加 -er 和 est small smaller smallest great greater greatest hard harder hardest 以 e 结尾的单音节词和少数以 -ble 结尾的双音节词加 r 和 st nice nicer nicest cute cuter cutest able abler ablest 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 构成规则 —— 规则变化 1 构成 例词 原级 比较级 最高级 以一个辅音字母结尾，且前面只有一个元音的词，双写辅音字母后再加 er 和 -est fat fatter fattest thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest 以“辅音字母＋ y” 结尾的词，先把 y 变为 i 再加 er 和 est easy easier easiest happy happier happiest early earlier earliest 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 构成规则 —— 规则变化 1 构成 例词 原级 比较级 最高级 少数以 -er ， -ow 结尾的双音节词，加 -er 和 -est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加 more 和 most careful more careful most careful efficiently more efficiently most efficiently 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 构成规则 —— 不规则变化 1 原级 比较级 最高级 good ， well better best bad ， ill worse worst many ， much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 基本用法 —— 平级比较 2 ①as ＋原级 adj./adv. ＋ as... 和 ······ 一 样 not as/so ＋原级 adj./adv. ＋ as... 不 如 ······ The old man walks as fast as a young man. 这位老人走路和年轻人一样快。 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 基本用法 —— 平级比较 2 ②as ＋原级 adj. ＋ a(n) ＋ n. ＋ as... 跟 ······ 一 样 Our neighbor has as big a house as ours. 我们邻居的房子和我们的一样大。 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 基本用法 —— 比较级 2 ①比较级＋ than... 比 ······ 更 ； less...than 不 如 ······ This year they have produced less grain than they did last year. 今年他们生产的谷物比去年少。 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 基本用法 —— 比较级 2 ② the ＋比较 级 ... the ＋比较级 越 ······ ，越 ······ It's believed that the harder you work ， the better result you'll get. 人们相信你工作越努力，你获得的结果越好。 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 基本用法 —— 比较级 2 ③ the ＋比较级＋ of the ＋名词 / 代词，两者中“ 较 ······ 的 ” Who is the younger of the two boys? 两个男孩中谁较小？ [ 名师指津 ] 　 倍数表达法 · 倍数＋ as ＋原级形容词 ( 副词 ) ＋ as... · 倍数＋ the size/length/width/depth/height of... · 倍数＋比较级＋ than ＋被比较对象 This room is 3 times as big as that one. ＝ This room is 3 times bigger than that one. ＝ This room is 3 times the size of that one. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 四、形容词和副词的最高级 三 者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示范围的标志词有 in ， of ， among 等 。 Raymond's parents wanted him to have the best possible education. 雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。 1 四、形容词和副词的最高级 最高级 的修饰语常见的有：序数词， by far ， nearly ， almost 等 。 This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。 2 四、形容词和副词的最高级 最高级 含义的其他表达法。 (1)“ 否定词语＋比较级 ” 或 “ 否定词语＋ such/so...as” 结构表示最高级含义。 —Do you think that the Chinese National Games were a success? —Yes ， absolutely! It couldn't be better . —— 你认为这届中国全运会成功吗？ —— 是的，绝对成功！没有比它更好的了。 3 四、形容词和副词的最高级 最高级 含义的其他表达法。 (2) 比较级形式表示最高级含义 。 Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ＝ Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ＝ Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。 3 any other + 可数名词单数 比较级 + than + all the other + 可数名词复数 anything / anyone else 四、形容词和副词的最高级 the last 表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。 The last thing they want is to work in the red areas where life is hard. 他们最不乐意的是在生活艰难的红色区域里工作。 4 五、形容词和副词的几个注意事项 下列单词以“ ly” 结尾，但却是形容词而非 副词 lively ， lonely ， lovely ， deadly ， friendly ， ugly ， silly ， likely( 可能的 ) ， brotherly ， timely( 及时的 ) 等。 It's likely that we will lose the game. 我们可能会输掉这场比赛。 1 五、形容词和副词的几个注意事项 有无 -ly 的副词的区别 一般情况下，不 带 ly 的副词表示具体概念，而 带 ly 的副词表示抽象概念。 close 表示空间距离， closely 仔细地 deep 表示空间深度， deeply 深深地 wide 表示空间宽度， widely 广泛地 free 免费地， freely 自由地　 late 晚， lately 最近 2 五、形容词和副词的几个注意事项 有无 -ly 的副词的区别 2 [ 名师指津 ] 　 direct 与 directly 的用法区别：两者均可表示 “ 径直地 ” 、 “ 直接地 ” ，但 direct 通常只位于动词之后，而 directly 则可位于动词之前或之后。 The train goes direct from Beijing to Qingdao. 火车从北京直达青岛。 His speech directly affected the strike. 他的演讲直接影响了罢工。 Ⅰ . 单句语法填空 1 ． Even _______________ (bad) ， the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017· 全国卷 Ⅰ) 2 ． The Central London Railway was one of the most _______________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.(2017· 全国卷 Ⅱ) 3 ． Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _____________ (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. (2017· 全国卷 Ⅱ) 4 ． I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is _______________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017· 全国卷 Ⅲ) 5 ． From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador . The title will be _______________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016 ·全国卷Ⅰ ) worse successful fairly certainly officially Ⅰ . 单句语法填空 6 ． If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify ( 识别 )those of _______________ (great)and less importance.(2016· 全国卷 Ⅱ) 7 ． The more I thought about it ， the _______________ (bad) my mood became. 8 ． One of the _______________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher ， Ms Chen. 9 ． The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _______________ (early) ． 10 ． Of the two boys ， Jim is the _______________ (young) one ， and he is also the one who loves to be noisy. greater worse worst earlier younger Ⅰ . 单句语法填空 11 ． At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them . Nothing could be _______________ (good) if someone offered to help them. 12 ． When you go out ， far away from your _______________ (day) life ， you will have a lot of exciting memories. 13 ． As we know ， the greater difficulty we meet on our way to success ， the _______________ (likely) we will be able to achieve our goals. 14 ． I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are _______________ (meaningful) things to do. 15 ． The treatment she provided gave my parents _______________ (value) time to take me to the hospital. better daily more likely more meaningful valuable Ⅰ . 单句语法填空 16 ． Chopsticks originated in China ， but they are _______________ (wide) used in many Asian countries. 17 ． I was seriously ill that day ， but _______________ ( fortunate), Dad wasn't at home. 18 ． But he said they also had more sugar and salt ， so they tasted much _______________ (good) ． 19 ． Keeping a diary in English is one of the _______________ (effective) ways to improve our English writing ability. 20 ． Shortly after that birthday ， however ， life gave her the _______________ (tough) challenge of all as age and illness started to take her mind from her too. widely unfortunately better most effective toughest Ⅱ . 单句 改错 1 ． It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.(2017· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) 2 ． I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes ， playing pop music ， and collecting the late music albums.(2017· 全国卷 Ⅲ ) 3 ． A few minutes late ， the instructor asked me to stop the car . ( 2017· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) 4 ． The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life.(2016· 全国卷 Ⅲ ) sudden latest later worst Ⅱ . 单句 改错 5 ． At one time ， I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.(2016· 全国卷 Ⅲ ) 6 ． He hopes that his business will grow steady.(2016· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) 7 ． I found the test difficult ， but I tried hardly to do it . 8 ． Don't panic or get out of line ， and try to remain quiet and calmly . 9 ． That is too much for us ， considering how closely the houses are . 10 ． Interesting ， it had a connection with/to the British porcelain ( 瓷器 ) industry . free steadily hard calm close Interestingly Ⅲ . 翻译 句子 1 ．他集的邮票是我的三倍 。 2 ． 在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会是具有挑战性的 。 3 ． 现在这个城市的人口是十年前的十倍 。 4 ．在网上搜寻信息要比在图书馆里方便 。 His collection of stamps is three times what I have . In the coming three years ， our school life will be challenging . Now ， the population of the city is ten times as large as it was ten years ago . Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library . Ⅲ . 翻译 句子 5 ．病人越早接受治疗，康复的可能性就越大。 6 ． 唱歌可以使人放松，帮助减轻压力。 The earlier the treatment is given ， the better the patient's chances . Singing songs is relaxing ， which can help reduce stress . Ⅳ . 语法 填空 Face changing is used 1.________ (express) the changing emotions of characters in Sichuan Opera. China has an abundance of 1 ， 300 local operas . Sichuan Opera is one of the 2.________ (old) local operas and is the most important and most interesting opera form from Southwestern China. The opera is characterized by its 3.________ (fun) comedians and unique skills ： face changing ， spitting fire and rolling light. Face changing is an important intangible cultural heritage ( 非物质文化遗产 ) in China . So far ， only a few masters 4.________ (grasp) this skill . They know 5.________ to change Sichuan Opera masks in a flash . As they wave their arms and twist their heads ， their painted masks change again and again. to express oldest funny have grasped how Ⅳ . 语法 填空 Face changing got its start 300 years ago . In 6.________ beginning ， opera masters changed the color of their face during performances by 7.________ (blow) into a bowl of red ， black or gold powder . The powder would stick to their oiled skin 8.________ (quick) ． By the 1920's ， opera masters began using layers of masks 9.________ (make) of oiled paper . The masters could peel one after another almost immediately . At present the masters use painted silk masks ， 10.________ can be worn in layers ， as many as two dozen ， and be pulled off one by one. the blowing quickly made which Ⅴ . 短文 改错 There are not enough seats in our school's reading room . One morning just before our finally examination ， I got there very early to occupying a seat . I put a book on one desk and then went to have breakfast . While I hurried back ， I found someone was sitting on the seat which I had occupied in the advance . I run to him immediately and shouted at him ，“ Going away ！ It's my seat ！” Everyone in the reading room raised their eyes and stared at me on an unfriendly way . I felt very shameful . So I rushed out of the reading room with my book . I will never forget those “eye” ． I learned a hard lesson that day—I should respect and polite to other people. final be occupy When ran Go in ashamed eyes