【英语】湖南省张家界市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试（解析版）

【英语】湖南省张家界市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试（解析版）

湖南省张家界市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试 本试卷分听力、阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作四部分。共10页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. What did the man give to the woman?‎ A. Sugar. B. Salt. C. Cake.‎ ‎2. What is the weather like?‎ A. Rainy. B. Fine. C. Windy.‎ ‎3. When will the movie begin probably?‎ A. At 2:00. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:00.‎ ‎4. Which country is the woman from?‎ A. Canada. B. The UK. C. The US.‎ ‎5. What kind of music does the man like?‎ A. Pop music. B. Rock music. C. Classical music.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What color did the woman choose?‎ A. Black. B. Grey. C. Yellow.‎ ‎7. How much did the woman pay?‎ A. $ 350. B. $ 650. C. $ 700.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。‎ ‎8. What’s wrong with the man?‎ A. He is seriously ill. B. He has an eye problem. C. He has a sore throat.‎ ‎9. What has the man been doing recently?‎ A. Working hard. B. Watching a lot of TV. C. Playing computer games.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12三个小题。‎ ‎10. How did the man usually go to the beach?‎ A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.‎ ‎11. How often did the man go to the beach?‎ A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.‎ ‎12. What did the man like doing best at the beach?‎ A. Surfing with friends. B. Building sand castles. C. Swimming in the ocean.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16四个小题。‎ ‎13. What kind of apartment does the man want?‎ A. A three-bedroom one. B. A two-bedroom one. C. A one-bedroom one.‎ ‎14. What should the speakers do to get to the apartment?‎ A. Go upstairs. B. Go downstairs. C. Go straight forward.‎ ‎15. What will the woman prepare for the apartment?‎ A. A refrigerator. B. A stove. C. A TV set.‎ ‎16. How does the man most probably find the apartment?‎ A. Surprising. B. Satisfying. C. Disappointing.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20四个小题。‎ ‎17. What does the speaker like doing best?‎ A. Reading. B. Writing. C. Travelling.‎ ‎18. What does the speaker probably think of reading?‎ A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Helpful.‎ ‎19. Whom does the speaker often travel with?‎ A. Her parents. B. Her friends. C. Her classmates.‎ ‎20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?‎ A. Her hobbies B. Her family life. C. Her dreams and goals.‎ ‎【答案】1-5 BACBC 6-10 BABCC 11-15 CABAC 16-20 BBCAA 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Barbican Art Gallery A world-class arts and learning center, the Barbican pushes the boundaries（界限）of all major art forms including dance, film, music and theater.‎ Tickets Adult: £10 online/£12 at the door ‎13–17 years old: £6 online/£8 at the door Children aged 12 and under: Free Opening Times Sat – Wed: 9 am–6 pm Thu – Fri: 10 am–9 pm Reviews By Steven Ashmore When traveling, I always look for museums and sites that have evening hours. We went to the Barbican Gallery on a Thursday evening and caught their recent Lee Krasner exhibition. It was fabulous. The gallery is two levels with numerous smaller spaces, making the exhibition an interesting and enjoyable experience.‎ By Laura Miller I have just watched To Kill a Mockingbird here. The play and actors were fantastic. Nice and clean ladies’ toilets with hot water. During the break, they were selling the usual ice cream and drinks. Not all staff were friendly, but most were. I would come again to watch another show or even the same one.‎ ‎1. How much would a couple with two kids aged 11 and 14 pay for the online tickets of Barbican Art Gallery?‎ A. £20. B. £26. C. £32. D. £36.‎ ‎2. You can visit Barbican Art Gallery at _____.‎ A. 9 am on Thursday B. 8 pm on Sunday C. 10 am on Monday D. 9 pm on Tuesday ‎3. What did Miller like most about Barbican Art Gallery?‎ A. Drinks they sold.‎ B. Its staff service.‎ C. Its opening hours.‎ D. The show they put on.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据tickets部分可知，两名成人在网上购买门票需2*10=£20，一名14岁的儿童在网上购买门票为£6，11岁的儿童则不需要门票，因此总共的门票价格为£20+£6+0=£26，B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据opening time可知，周六到周三的开放时间为早上9点到下午6点，周四到周五的开放时间为早上10点到晚上9点。C项在开放时间内，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Miller的反馈I have just watched To Kill a Mockingbird here. The play and actors were fantastic.及I would come again to watch another show or even the same one.可知，Miller觉得这部戏及这部戏的演员都非常棒，而且也想再看一部或者重新再看一遍这部戏。说明Miller非常喜欢巴比肯艺术中心的戏剧。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ B There was once a famous scientist who made several important discoveries. Once he was asked how he could be so creative. He replied that it all came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old. He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery（滑的）and he dropped it. The kitchen floor was covered in milk.‎ Instead of shouting at him or punishing him, his mother said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have never seen such a huge puddle of milk. Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”‎ So he did. After a few minutes, they cleaned it up together. Then his mother said, “This was a failed experiment in how to carry a big bottle of milk with two tiny hands. Let’s fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.”‎ The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!‎ The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes. He learned that mistakes are just opportunities to learn something new.‎ ‎4. Robert made a mess on the kitchen floor by _____.‎ A. doing an experiment B. dropping a bottle of milk C. throwing bottles around D. drinking a bottle of milk ‎5 What did Robert’s mother do after he made the mess?‎ A. She showed him a huge puddle of milk.‎ B. She shouted at him and punished him.‎ C. She asked him to clean the kitchen.‎ D. She allowed him to play in the mess.‎ ‎6. Which of the following words best describes Robert’s mother?‎ A. Hardworking.‎ B. Careful.‎ C. Smart.‎ D. Protective.‎ ‎7. With this story, the author tries to _____.‎ A. tell readers how much he loved his mother B. suggest that we should treat life as a big experiment C. show that scientific discoveries come from everyday life D. tell readers that they should keep an open mind about mistakes ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第一段第四、五句提到He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery（滑的）and he dropped it.他想从冰箱里拿出一瓶牛奶，但牛奶瓶太滑了，于是不小心掉在地上。因此The kitchen floor was covered in milk.厨房的地上都是牛奶，说明厨房的地是被掉落的牛奶弄乱的。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段提到Instead of shouting at him or punishing him…play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?科学家的妈妈没有对他大声喊叫或者惩罚他，而是告诉他可以在这团混乱中玩一会，然后再一起收拾。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第三段提到This was a failed experiment in how to carry a big bottle of milk with two tiny hands. Let’s fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.科学家的妈妈通过他犯的错告诉了他正确的握瓶子的方式，第四段也提到The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!小男孩通过学习掌握了正确的方式，这对他而言是非常好的一节课。由此可说明，科学家的妈妈非常的聪明，善于通过错误帮助孩子掌握正确的方法，C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段最后一句话提到He learned that mistakes are just opportunities to learn something new.错误只是学习新事物的一个机会，如果只是把错误当作错误的话，将会产生很多的负面情绪，但如果往积极的方面看的话，就可以从错误中学习到新的东西，说明要对错误保持一颗宽容的心。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ C Do you live in a city? You’ve probably noticed how noisy and crowded life in a city can be. What if you could live next to a calm lake instead?‎ As it turns out, living near bodies of water – lakes, rivers, ponds, even oceans – can help us feel both happier and healthier. Those who live less than a kilometer from the coast are around 22 percent less likely to have mental health problems than those who live 50 kilometers or more away, according to a study by researchers from the University of Exeter, UK. People who visit the coast at least twice a week tend to experience better general and mental health as well.‎ So how does “blue space” make us feel better? For one thing, aquatic environments tend to have less pollution and more sunlight, both of which are linked to better mental and physical health. People who get more sun tend to be happier than those who do not.‎ There’s also the air above the sea. After spending time near the ocean you might find that you feel more relaxed than usual. This is because sea air is filled with negative ions（负离子）. These ions balance our levels of serotonin（血清素）, a chemical that affects our moods. With balanced serotonin levels, we feel more calm and relaxed, according to Daily Mail.‎ Finally, people who live near water tend to be more physically active, according to the Guardian. Water sports like swimming and rowing can help us stay in shape, which in turn keeps us healthy.‎ ‎8. What did the researchers from the University of Exeter find?‎ A. Living near water can improve our mental health.‎ B. An increasing number of people don’t like living in cities.‎ C. Living near water has more advantages than living in cities.‎ D. People with mental health problems mainly come from cities.‎ ‎9. The underlined word “aquatic” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_____”.‎ A. natural B. outdoor C. oceanic D. clean ‎10. What do we know about negative ions?‎ A. They are chemicals in our bodies.‎ B. They can only be found in sea air.‎ C. They can help people reduce stress.‎ D. They increase serotonin in our bodies.‎ ‎11. In which column can you find this passage?‎ A. Health. B. Travel. C. Environment. D. Entertainment.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段第二句提到Those who live less than a kilometer from the coast are around 22 percent less likely to have mental health problems than those who live 50 kilometers or more away according to a study by researchers from the University of Exeter, UK. People who visit the coast at least twice a week tend to experience better general and mental health as well.研究人员发现住在海边的人比住在海边50公里以外的人患上心理疾病的可能性要低22%左右，而且每周去两次海边的人心理也会更健康。由此可知，住在水边可以提升心理健康的水平。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。第二段提到住在海边的人心理状态会更健康，且第三段提到“blue space”指的是蓝色的海边空间。A. natural自然的；B. outdoor户外的；C. oceanic海洋的；D. clean干净的。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第四段第四句提到These ions balance our levels of serotonin（血清素）, a chemical that affects our moods.这种负离子可以平衡我们体内影响情绪的化学物质，平衡了血清素水平后人们就可以感到更平静和放松。C项提到负离子可以帮助人们解压，C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。分析文章可知，文章提到了适宜人类居住的环境，身体内的负氧离子对情绪的帮助，同时还提到了水上运动对人体健康的好处，这都是跟人类健康有关的内容。因此这篇文章可以在Health版块上看到。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ D In this digital age, people measure their popularity by the number of likes and followers they get on social media. But as it turns out, people are happiest when their friends are high quality – not high quantity.‎ Scientists from the University of Leeds, UK, studied data from two online surveys of nearly 1,500 people. Those who took the survey gave details about their age, social interactions, and how satisfied they were with their social lives. The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial(关系浅表的)friends.‎ ‎“Loneliness has less to do with the number of friends you have, and more to do with how you feel about your friends,” said Wandi Bruine de Bruin, one of the researchers.‎ Bruine de Bruin found that older people tended to have smaller social circles than young people, but the people in these circles tended to be closer to them.‎ Younger people, on the other hand, tended to have bigger circles that were made up of “peripheral(次要的)others” – people who are not true friends, but just people they know. These people had no influence on the younger interviewees’ happiness.‎ The results of the study show that the opinion society has about old people being sad and lonely might not be accurate.‎ ‎“The research shows that older adults’ smaller networks didn’t prevent social satisfaction and happiness. In fact, older adults tend to report better well-being than younger adults,” said Bruine de Bruin.‎ ‎12. According to the study, people tend to be happier when they _____.‎ A. have a small circle of close friends B. are satisfied with their work and lives C. have a lot of followers on social media D. make friends with people who are older ‎13. What do we know from Paragraphs 4 and 5?‎ A. Older people’s friends seem to be of higher quality.‎ B. Young people don’t need to make peripheral friends.‎ C. Older people’s happiness has nothing to do with their friends.‎ D. Both old and young people find it hard to make close friends.‎ ‎14. Which word might Bruine de Bruin use to describe older adults?‎ A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Lonely. D. Superficial.‎ ‎15. What is the focus of the story?‎ A. Different types of friends.‎ B. Changes in people’s happiness levels.‎ C. Interactions between old and young people.‎ D. The relationship between happiness and number of friends.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段第三句提到The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial（关系浅表的）friends.研究人员发现，那些有少数亲密朋友的人通常比那些有着大量肤浅朋友的人更快乐。A项提到人们拥有小圈子的亲密朋友会更快乐。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第四段提到老年人的社交圈比年轻人小，但圈子里的人往往和老年人之间的关系更亲密。第五段提到Younger people, on the other hand, tended to have bigger circles that were made up of “peripheral（次要的）others”… had no influence on the younger interviewees’ happiness.年轻人的社交圈更大，但圈子里的人往往是由一些外围的人组成，而且这些外围的人对于年轻受访者的幸福感并没有影响。由此可知，老年人圈子小但是更快乐、幸福。A项提到老年人的朋友可能质量更高，A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段最后一句提到In fact, older adults tend to report better well-being than younger adults.报告指出老年人往往比年轻人感到更加幸福。A. Sad悲伤的；B. Happy幸福的；C. Lonely孤独的；D. Superficial.肤浅的。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过网络上点赞数和关注数引入，得出people are happiest when their friends are high quality – not high quantity.人们交朋友更看重质量而不是数量。第二段是对该现象的实证调查，同时还有研究者表明，孤独与朋友数量多少无关，与和朋友相处的感觉有关。D项提到该研究是关于幸福与朋友数量的关系。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Online courses have become popular in many countries. There are different kinds of online courses, but most show a video of a teacher and students in a classroom. Students watch the video online and take part in online activities. Some courses are free and open to anyone. ___16___ Of course, watching videos on a screen is not the same as taking part in a real class.‎ ‎___17___ In Singapore, eight schools have been chosen to try new ways of using technology in the classroom. The schools have tablets(平板电脑)and touchscreens instead of books and blackboards in the classrooms. ___18___ Through them, students can communicate with each other and work on projects together.‎ In South Korea, some students have been taught English by teachers in the Philippines and other countries since 2011. The teachers are in their home countries and are connected to the Korean classrooms via the Internet. Instead of looking at a screen, the students interact with a robot in the classroom. The robot is controlled by the teacher. ___19___‎ Thanks to technology, more and more ways of teaching and learning are being developed.‎ ‎___20___ But one thing is for sure – there has never been a more interesting time to be a student.‎ A. E-learning can be successful.‎ B. There are also social media platforms(平台).‎ C. Other kinds of e-learning are being tested around the world.‎ D. They give students anywhere the chance to study at any time.‎ E. Nobody knows what the classroom of the future will look like.‎ F. And it can move around the classroom and talk with the students.‎ G. The courses that are taught via the Internet are called online courses.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. E ‎【16题详解】‎ 第一段提到Students watch the video online and take part in online activities. Some courses are free and open to anyone.学生可以在线观看学习视频也可以参与线上活动。一些网络课程也是对学生免费开放的。正是因为网络的便利性，学生可以随时随地进行学习。D项提到在线学习给了学生随时随地学习的机会。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 第二段中距离提到了新加坡对在线学习的实践In Singapore, eight schools have been chosen to try new ways of using technology in the classroom.新加坡的八所学校尝试在课堂中使用新方法。说明了在线学习在不同国家的测试。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 第二段最后一句提到Through them, students can communicate with each other and work on projects together.学生可以进行交流，共同完成项目。只有通过平台学生才能互相沟通交流，且代词them可以指代前文中出现的social media platforms。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 第三段最后两句提到Instead of looking at a screen, the students interact with a robot in the classroom. The robot is controlled by the teacher.教室里的机器人由老师操作，学生可以跟机器人进行互动。F项中的it指代前文中出现的robot，机器人可以在教室里走动，并和学生进行交流。F项符合文意，故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 倒数第二段提到Thanks to technology, more and more ways of teaching and learning are being developed.随着科技的发展，越来越多的学习和教学模式都在不断发展。而科技的发展会造成什么样的未来还是未知的。E项符合文意，故选E。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Once Confucius（孔子）was passing by a village where he saw an old man with his young son pulling water from the well. Confucius was ___21___ to see this as at that time people harnessed（使用）horses or oxen to pull ___22___ from the well.‎ Confucius with ___23___ went to the old man and said, “Why are you unnecessarily ___24___ yourself and the young man, now that we have harnessed horses and oxen?”‎ The old man ___25___ to him, “Please speak ___26___ I don’t want my son to hear this. I can answer you, but please ___27___ when my son goes for lunch.”‎ Confucius was puzzled. He kept ___28___ and waited until the old man came to him alone at ___29___ time. Confucius questioned, “Why would you not let your son ___30___ what I said?”‎ The old man replied, “I am 85 years old and yet I have ___31___ to work side by side. If today I ___32___ horses to pull water, then my son will not be able to have the same strength at 85 as I have now. That’s why I ___33___ you not to speak about it in front of my son. It’s a question of his ___34___ We’ve heard that in towns people use horses or machines to pull water from the well. ___35___ if I use them now too, then what will he do? What ___36___ will it have on my son’s health? If he is saved from doing hard work now, then how will he be able to ___37___ his health? ”‎ What we do today will affect us ___38___. What we do on one hand has an immediate effect on the other. He who ___39___ during the daytime destroys his repose（休息）of the night. Rest has to be earned through___40___.‎ ‎21. A. confused B. excited C. disappointed D. interested ‎22. A. stone B. juice C. water D. oil ‎23. A. anger B. concern C. anxiety D. care ‎24. A. relaxing B. enjoying C. tiring D. helping ‎25. A. pointed B. whispered C. listened D. walked ‎26. A. softly B. loudly C. slowly D. quickly ‎27. A. get away B. come back C. give in D. go over ‎28. A. calm B. cool C. quiet D. healthy ‎29. A. supper B. breakfast C. dinner D. lunch ‎30. A. understand B. hear C. imitate D. practise ‎31. A. strength B. courage C. intelligence D. confidence ‎32. A. obtain B. handle C. use D. fasten ‎33. A. allowed B. forbade C. invited D. asked ‎34. A. ability B. health C. weakness D. ambition ‎35. A. But B. And C. Or D. So ‎36. A. harm B. result C. purpose D. effect ‎37. A. support B. show C. survive D. maintain ‎38. A. tomorrow B. forever C. yesterday D. past ‎39. A. works B. dreams C. eats D. rests ‎40. A. study B. exercise C. labour D. sleep ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. C ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孔子看到这一点觉得很困惑，因为当时的人们是利用马或牛从井里取水。A. confused困惑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. disappointed失望的；D. interested有趣的。分析句子可知，第一段第一句提到，孔子路过一个村庄的时候看到儿子和自己的父亲在井中取水，但当时人们取水是通过马和牛，因此孔子对这种情境感到困惑。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孔子看到这一点觉得很困惑，因为当时的人们是利用马或牛从井里取水。A. stone石头；B. juice果汁；C. water水；D. oil油。分析句子可知，从井里取出的应是水。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孔子关切地走过去问这个老人：“既然现在已经利用了马和牛，为什么还要不必要的让自己和这位年轻人这么劳累呢？” A. anger愤怒；B. concern关切；C. anxiety焦虑；D. care照顾，护理。分析句子可知，孔子看到父亲和儿子辛苦地从井中取水，因此对这两人非常的关切。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孔子关切地走过去问这个老人：“既然现在已经利用了马和牛，为什么还要不必要的让自己和这位年轻人这么劳累呢？” A. relaxing放松；B. enjoying享受；C. tiring使疲倦；D. helping帮助。分析句子可知，现在人们从井中取水都是用马和牛，人自己取水的话就会很辛苦。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人低声对他说：“请小声一点，我不想我儿子听到这个。我可以回答你，不过要等我儿子回去吃午饭的时候你再来。” A. pointed指出；B. whispered低语；C. listened听；D. walked走。分析句子可知，老人说到不想让儿子听到自己和孔子之间的对话，因此需要小点声音说话。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：老人低声对他说：“‎ 请小声一点，我不想我儿子听到这个。我可以回答你，不过要等我儿子回去吃午饭的时候你再来。” A. softly轻柔地；B. loudly大声地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. quickly迅速地。分析句子可知，因为老人不想要自己的儿子听到，所以请孔子说话要轻柔一点。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：老人低声对他说：“请小声一点，我不想我儿子听到这个。我可以回答你，不过要等我儿子回去吃午饭的时候你再来。” A. get away离开；B. come back回来；C. give in放弃、认输；D. go over仔细检查。分析句子可知，老人说可以回答孔子的问题，但现在儿子在不方便回答，因此老人告诉孔子可以等儿子去吃饭后再告诉他。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他保持着沉默，一直等到老人在午饭时间独自来到他身边。A. calm平静的；B. cool冷酷的；C. quiet安静的；D. healthy健康的。分析句子可知，老人让孔子小声一点说话，怕儿子听到自己和孔子的对话，因此孔子是保持沉默。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他保持着沉默，一直等到老人在午饭时间独自来到他身边。A. supper晚饭；B. breakfast早饭；C. dinner晚饭；D. lunch午饭。分析句子可知，前文提到老人叫孔子在他儿子吃午饭时再过来，因此孔子一直等到了午饭时间。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孔子问到：“为什么不想让你儿子听到我说什么呢？” A. understand理解；B. hear听到；C. imitate模仿；D. practise练习。分析句子可知，老人让孔子小点声音，就是不想让儿子听到他们的对话。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在85岁了，但我现在还是有力量和我儿子一起工作。A. strength力量；B. courage勇气；C. intelligence智力；D. confidence自信。分析句子可知，第五段提到“then my son will not be able to have the same strength at 85 as I have now.”，父亲觉得自己现在85岁还有力气干活，因此也希望儿子在85岁的时候也有同样干活的力气，the same strength为该空的提示，A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我今天用马来拉水，那我儿子在85岁的时候就不会像我一样有着同样的力气。A. obtain获得，赢得；B. handle 操作；C. use使用；D. fasten系紧。分析句子可知，取水要使用马。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我请求你不要在我儿子面前谈论这件事。A. allowed允许；B. forbade禁止；C. invited邀请；D. asked请求。分析句子可知，父亲想要自己的儿子在年老时也能拥有和自己一样的体格，所以不想让儿子知道为什么不用马拉水。因此请求孔子不要在儿子面前和他谈论这件事。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是有关他健康的问题。A. ability能力；B. health健康；C. weakness 虚弱；D. ambition野心。分析句子可知，第五段倒数第二句提到“…will it have on my son’s health?”父亲担心如果用马拉水的话会对儿子的健康造成什么样的影响。句中的health是对该空的提示。B项符合文意，故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：我听说镇上的人都用马或者机器来取水。但如果我也这样做了的话，那我儿子还能做什么呢？A. But但是；B. And而且；C. Or或者；D. So所以。分析句子可知，老人不用马取水和镇上的人用马取水的行为形成了对比，因此需使用表示转折含义的连词。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这会对我儿子的健康造成什么影响呢？A. harm危害；B. result结果；C. purpose 目的；D. effect影响。分析句子可知，父亲担心使用马拉水会让儿子的体魄没那么健康，因此会造成不好的影响。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他现在都不做一些体力活，那他将如何保持身体健康呢？A. support支持；B. show展示；C. survive存活；D. maintain保持。分析句子可知，父亲不让马拉水就是想锻炼儿子的身体，使他在85岁时也能有一个健康的体魄。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今天做的事情会影响我们的明天。A. tomorrow明天；B. forever永远；C. yesterday昨天；D. past 过去。分析句子可知，今天做的事只有可能对明天才能造成影响，不会影响昨天或过去。A项符合文意，故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：白天休息的人会影响晚上的休息。A. works工作；B. dreams做梦；C. eats吃；D. rests休息。分析句子可知，该句中提到了repose of the night，意为“晚上的休息”，如果白天也休息的话，晚上就会休息不好。D项符合文意，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：休息必须通过劳动获得。A. study 学习；B. exercise练习；C. labour劳动；D. sleep睡觉。分析句子可知，全文讲述了父亲希望自己的儿子通过劳动锻炼自己的身体，以保证在老了的时候也能干活的故事。说明身体好、休息好的前提是要劳动。C项符合文意，故选C。‎ 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ My aim in life is _____41_____ (save) the environment for future generations. I want to become _____42_____ environmental consultant after I graduate. Too many people think that pollution can’t _____43_____ (stop) if we want the country to develop. But that is not true. We can cut back _____44_____ dangerous and dirty waste from factories. Even though a factory ____45____ (produce) a large quantity of goods, it doesn’t mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment.‎ I want to teach people to buy products _____46_____ have been recycled, as well. This is much _____47_____ (good) for the environment, because it means we don’t need to cut down as many trees. Companies and _____48_____ (business) can still operate, but the Earth will not have to suffer.‎ There is no debating that we also have a problem with population. The number of people in the world keeps _____49_____ (grow), and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials. What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing to work together, we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and ____50____ (health).‎ ‎【答案】41. to save 42. an 43. be stopped 44. on 45. produces 46. that/which 47. better 48. businesses 49. growing 50. healthy ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：我人生的目标是为了子孙后代保护环境。分析句子可知，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to save。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词。句意：毕业后，我想成为一名环保顾问。分析句子可知，environmental中首字母以元音字母发音，因此需使用不定冠词an对其进行修饰。故填an。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：绝大多数人认为如果国家要发展的话，是不可能阻止污染的。分析句子可知，pollution与stop间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用被动语态，而情态动词后需使用动词原形。故填be stopped。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：我们可以缩减工厂中危险的废水。分析句子可知，cut back on为固定词组，意为“削减、缩减”，故填on。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：即使一个工厂生产了很多的货物，也不代表着这家工厂就可以向环境中排放大量的污染。分析句子可知，全文使用了一般现在时，为保证时态的一致性，produce也应使用一般现在时，故填produces。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。句意：我想教人们购买回收再利用的产品。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词products指物，且从句中缺少主语成分，因此可使用关系代词that/which在从句中充当主语成分，故填that/which。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：这对环境来说更好。分析句子可知，much修饰形容词比较级，故填better。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：公司和企业仍然可以经营，但地球将不必遭受损失。分析句子可知，and连接两个词时，需保证词性、单复数、时态及语态的一致，companies为复数，因此business也应使用复数形式，故填businesses。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：世界上的人数在不断增加。表示“持续做某事”，keep后使用动词ing形式，故填growing。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：我相信，如果我们都愿意共同努力，我们就能克服这些挑战，保持地球的清洁和健康。分析句子可知，and要连接两个词性相同的词，clean为形容词，因此and后要连接health的形容词形式，故填healthy。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ My grandfather is an old man, and he has always been happily. He likes travelling and has been to many places in China. Last month, he visits the Forbidden City which the emperors once lived. He even dreams of travelling to different foreign country one day. He thinks it is important try to understand as much about the world as possible. Therefore, he never left his hometown in his youth, because she had to work to support his family. He wanted to study for medicine, but he never got into an university. He hopes I can study hardly in the university and get a good job in the future.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】1. 考查形容词。句意：他一直都很开心。分析句子可知，be动词后需接形容词做表语，故将happily改为happy。‎ ‎2. 考查动词时态。句意：上个月，他参观了历代皇帝曾居住过的紫禁城。分析句子可知，last month常与一般过去时连用。故将visits改为visited。‎ ‎3. 考查关系副词/介词+关系代词。句意：上个月，他参观了历代皇帝曾居住过的紫禁城。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词the Forbidden City是地点，在从句中作地点状语，故将which改为where。同时，从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词，因此要加上介词in，意为“在…居住”，故将lived后加上in，或将介词in放在which前，构成in+关系代词的结构，也可修饰作地点的先行词，故在which前加上in。‎ ‎4. 考查名词复数。句意：他甚至梦想着有一天能去不同的国家旅游。分析句子可知，country之间存在差异性，同时different表示“分别的，彼此分开的，各不相同的”，用作定语时需修饰名词的复数形式，故将country改为countries。‎ ‎5. 考查固定句型。句意：他觉得尽可能地了解世界是非常有必要的。分析句子可知，此句为“it is+adj+to do sth.”的固定句型，因为“做…是…的”，其中不定式做真正主语，故在try前加上to。‎ ‎6. 考查副词。句意：然而他在年轻时从来没有离开过家乡。分析句子可知，爷爷梦想环游世界和他从来没有离开过家乡是对比的关系，而therefore表示前后文的因果关系，however表示前后文的转折关系。故将Therefore改为However。‎ ‎7. 考查人称代词。句意：因为他必须工作养家。分析句子可知，grandfather是男性，因此需使用he指代grandfather，故将she改为he。‎ ‎8. 考查介词。句意：他想学习医学。分析句子可知，study意为“学习、考虑、攻读”时是及物动词，后面直接加宾语，因此不需加介词，故将for去掉。‎ ‎9. 考查不定冠词。句意：但是他没有读过大学。分析句子可知，单词首字母为元音字母发音时使用不定冠词an，university首字母不是元音字母发音，故将an改为a。‎ ‎10.考查副词。句意：他希望我在大学能努力学习。分析句子可知，hard可作副词，意“努力地、艰难地”，hardly意为“几乎没有、几乎不”，与文章意思不符，故将hardly改为hard。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，你的朋友Mary来信说她在新的班级很难交到朋友。你分析了可能的原因，并给她提出了建议。请你根据以下要点给她写一封建议信。‎ Problem Advice Shy Smile at your classmates; start conversations with them Very tall Like yourself for who you are; take pride in being tall Not very confident Learn to be brave; try to communicate more with classmates 注意：1.词数100左右 ‎2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数。‎ Dear Mary,‎ After reading your letter, I know that you worry about making friends._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Good luck in making friends.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mary,‎ After reading your letter, I know that you worry about making friends. You are very shy, are not very confident and feel like you stick out from the group because you are very tall.‎ Do not worry, Mary. First of all, you should like yourself for who you are. As a matter of fact, you should take pride in being tall. Most basketball players are very tall. In my opinion, you are shy because you are not very confident. Learn to be brave and try to communicate more with your classmates. Smile at them first, and then try to start a conversation with them. The more you try to get to know them, the more they will try to get to know you. And you will suddenly find that you have many friends.‎ Good luck in making friends.‎ Yours sincerely ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】分析题目可知，文章要求写一封建议信，内容包括给你的朋友Mary分析很难交到朋友的原因，并根据这些原因对Mary提出相应的建议。在建议信中，可采用一般现在时。本篇文章通过表格的形式将原因及建议一对一呈现出来。‎ 文章可采用三段式的结构。第一段介绍了作者写信的目的，即分析朋友很难交朋友的原因，如太害羞、不自信等。第二段为邮件的正文部分，针对朋友Mary的情况，建议Mary要对自己的身高自信，要经常对其他人微笑，还可以经常和同学进行沟通。第三点则表达了对Mary的祝愿。‎