中考英语总复习代词

中考英语总复习代词

‎ 爱学社学习交流中心 ‎ 古之成大事者,不惟有超士之才,亦有坚韧不拔之志。‎ ‎ Every one can be successful,but there are so many different ways.Which one could make it come true,it's up to yourself! Just try your best to do it!‎ ‎ 第三次课 一．主要内容 代词的分类，用法及区别 二． 知识要点 1. 代词的定义 代替名词以及起名词作用的短语，动词不定式，v-ing形式，从句或句子的词。‎ 2. 代词的分类 人称代词：I, we, you, he, she, it, them……‎ 物主代词：my, your, his, her, our, their, mine, hers, theirs,ours……‎ 反身代词：myself，yourself, ourselves, itself, themselves……‎ 指示代词：this, that,these, those 相互代词：each, other, one another 疑问代词：who, whom, whose, which, what 不定代词：all，some，any，much，many，few，little……‎ 关系代词：who，whose，that，which……‎ 连接代词：who，whose，which，what……‎ ‎1.人称代词 ‎（1）人称代词的概念与形式 概念：表示“我（们）”“你（们）”“他，她（们）”“它（们）”的词。‎ 人称代词的五种基本形式（包括相应的物主代词和反身代词）：‎ 人称 单复数 主 格 宾 格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 单 数 I me my mine myself 复 数 we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 单 数 you you your yours yourself 复 数 you you your yours yourself 第三 人称 单 数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复 数 they them their theirs themselves ‎（2）人称代词的句法功能 主格：用作句子的主语，放在动词前（疑问句式放在特殊动词后）；‎ eg：She lives in Toronto, Canada.‎ ‎ Does he speak English?‎ 宾格：用作句子的宾语，放在动词或介词后；‎ eg： Yesterday my mother bought me a new bike.‎ ‎ I lost my book，now I'm looking for it.‎ (3) 人称代词的用法 A. 出现多个人称代词，单数并列时，需要按照“你”，“他”，“她”，“我”的顺序排列；复数并列时，按照“我们”，“你们”，“他们”的顺序进行排列，即单数并列为you，he/she（him/her）and I(me); 复数并列为we（us），you and they（them）。如果需要承担责任，说话者这把I（me）或we（us）放在第一位。‎ Eg：You, she and I should work together and play together. 你，我和她应该共同工作，一起玩耍。‎ I and Li Ming broke the window. 我和李明把窗户打破了。‎ B.人称代词单独使用时，常用宾格而不是主格。‎ ‎—I'd like to stay here for another week. 我想再在这里待一周。‎ ‎—Me, too. 我也是。‎ ‎—You are supposed to help Jack. 你应该帮助杰克 ‎—Why me？为什么是我？‎ C. 下面两句中的情况，人称代词用主格和宾格都可以，通常认为主格较正式，用宾格是口语的用法。‎ My sister is two years older than i（am）/me. 我姐姐比我大两岁。‎ You are as tall as he (is)/him. 你和他一样高。‎ 2. 物主代词 概念：表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 （1） 形容词性物主代词 形容性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，做定语。它们的人称，数和性别取决于它们所指代的名词或代词。‎ Eg： Thank you for your last letter.谢谢你上次给我写的信。‎ ‎ The government has changed its policy.政府改变了政策。‎ （2） 名词性物主代词 名词性物主代词相当于名词，不能用于名词前做定语，它们的形式取决于所指代的名词，名词性物主代词在句中做主语，表语和宾语或与of连用做定语。‎ Eg：Ours is a great country. 我的国家是个伟大的国家。（做主语）‎ I forgot to bring my dictionary, could I use yours?‎ 我忘了带字典，我可以用下你的么？（做动词的宾语）‎ He wasn't in my room，he might be in his.他不在我的房间，他可能在自己的房间。 （做介词的宾语）‎ Are those books yours,Daniel? 那些书都是你的么，丹尼尔？（做表语）‎ Jack is a friend of mine. 杰克是我的一个朋友（与of连用做定语）‎ 3. 反身代词 概念：表示“我（们）自己，你（们）自己，他（们）自己，她（们）自己，它（们）自己”的代词。‎ 句法功能：与所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称，数和性别上保持一致，在句中做宾语，同位语，表语等。‎ Eg： Maria hides herself behind the door.玛利亚把自己藏在了门后面。（做宾语）‎ ‎ I'm not myself today.我今天不舒服（做表语）‎ ‎ I myself made the mistake about your address.我自己把你的地址搞错了（做I的同位语）‎ 用法：强调性用法和非强调性用法 ‎ 1. 强调性用法:‎ 反身代词用于强调时经常作主语或宾语的同位语,一般置于所强调的词的后面;但如果不影响理解,作同位语的反身代词其位置比较灵活。‎ ‎ 反身代词用于强调时要重读。‎ ‎ Eg： The manager himself served the customers. / The manager served the customers himself. 经理亲自为顾客服务。‎ ‎ I told them I wanted to see the manager himself. 我告诉他们我要见经理本人。‎ 在but, except, like, as 等词之后,或作对比时,宾格和反身代词都可以用,但后者的语气更强。例:‎ ‎ For my wife and me / myself it was a most enjoyable weekend. 对于我妻子和我(本人)来说,这是一个非常快乐的周末。‎ ‎ She is about the same age as you / yourself. 她的年龄和你(本人)差不多。‎ ‎ 反身代词作介词宾语或动词宾语时，有时也可起强调作用。‎ Eg：He has been living by himself since his parents died. 他父母死后,他就一直一个人生活。(by himself = alone)‎ This matter is between ourselves．(without anyone else knowing) 这是我们两个之间的问题。‎ The enemy will not perish of himself．(of his own will) 敌人不会让他如愿以偿的死去。‎ She finished the job by herself. 她独自完成了这项工作。(by herself = without help)‎ 反身代词作表语时也可表示特殊意义。例:‎ I am not quite myself today. 今天我身体不舒服。(=I am not feeling so well as I usually do）‎ ‎ 2.非强调性用法 ‎ 反身代词作动词宾语时常常是非强调性的。有些动词与反身代词成为固定搭配,请注意,汉译时“自己”多不译出。例:‎ ‎ A. behave oneself 有礼貌;规矩 ‎ He behaves himself well.他为人很好。‎ ‎ Behave yourself while I am away.我不在,你要规矩点。‎ ‎ B. enjoy oneself 过得快活 ‎ We all enjoyed ourselves in the party.我们在聚会上都玩得很痛快。‎ ‎ C. express oneself 表达自己的意思 ‎ Can you express yourself in English? 你能用英语表达思想吗?‎ ‎ He expressed himself satisfied.他表示满意。‎ ‎ D. present oneself 到场；present itself出现 ‎ He presented himself for a checkup at the hospital.他到医院接受体格检查。‎ ‎ When the cave door was unlocked, a sorrowful sight presented itself。 山洞门一打开,就出现了一幅悲惨的景象。‎ ‎ E. reveal itself 出现 ‎ Gradually sounds multiplied and life revealed itself.声音渐渐多起来,生活又开始了。‎ ‎ F. collect oneself 清醒过来,镇定下来 ‎ I accepted the offer before I was able to collect myself. 我还没来得及考虑一下,就接受了帮助。‎ ‎ 有时“动词+反身代词”之后,还需要一定的介词。例:‎ ‎ G. busy oneself with 忙于 ‎ He busied himself with numerous tasks around the house. 他忙于家里的许多事情。‎ ‎ H. avail oneself of 利用 ‎ We availed ourselves of every chance to speak English.我们利用每个机会讲英语。‎ ‎ I. address oneself to 专心于(工作)‎ ‎ They address themselves to the main difficulties.他们专心致志解决主要困难。‎ ‎ J. devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 ‎ We are determined to devote ourselves to the cause of education. 我们决心为教育事业献身。‎ 3. 指示代词 概念：用来指代或者标记人或事物，表示这个（些），那个（些）‎ 句法功能：指示代词与定冠词，人称代词一样，都具有指定的含义，它们所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境，指示代词在句中可做定语，主语，宾语，表语等。‎ 用法：‎ ‎（1）指示代词的基本用法 指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语：‎ This is yours and that is mine. 这是你的，那是我的。‎ I want this book, not that book. 我要这本书，不是那本书。‎ I like these and he likes those. 我喜欢这些，他喜欢那些。‎ These computers are cheap. 这些电脑便宜些。‎ What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。‎ ‎【说明】指示代词用作主语和定语时，可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时，只指物。如This is my father. this 在句中作作主语，可以指人，但是在Do you know this? 中，this作宾语，此句只能理解为“你知道这个情况吗？”不能理解为“你认识这个人吗？”‎ ‎（2）、表替代的that 与 those 有时为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词：‎ The population of China is much larger that that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that = the population)‎ His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. 他的观点接近社会党的观点。(those = the views)‎ ‎ （3）、this 与 that用法比较 ‎1. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this：‎ She married Jim, and this [that] surprised me. 她嫁给了吉姆，这使我感到很吃惊。‎ I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。‎ ‎【说明】回指上文的 that 在译成汉语时，通常却译为“这”：‎ That’s where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。‎ ‎2. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方：‎ Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?‎ 但在美国英语中指对方时也可用 this。‎ ‎3. 除用作代词外，this 和that 都可用作副词，与形容词或副词连用，其义为“这么”、“那么”(=so)：‎ It’s about this (that) high. 大约这(那)么高。‎ Is it this hot every day? 每天都有这么热吗?‎ 四、this 的特殊用法 注意以下各句中this 的用法：‎ He will be in Paris this day next week. 下个星期的今天他将在巴黎了。‎ He will come here this day next month. 他将在下个月的今天来这儿。‎ 比较：He got married ten years ago today. 他是10年前的今天结婚的。‎ ‎5.不定代词 概念：指代某个（些）人，某个（些）事物的代词，不定代词可以替代名词和形容词，没有主格和宾格之分，在句中可做主语，宾语，表语，定语等。‎ 分类：‎ 普通不定代词：some any，one，none，somebody，anybody，nobody，someone，anyone，no one，something，anything，nothing……‎ 个体不定代词：each，other，another，either，neither，half……‎ everybody，everyone，everything……‎ 数量不定代词：all，both，many，much，few，little，a few，a little，other，others，another，the other……‎ 句法功能与用法：‎ ‎(1)some和 any 的用法：‎ ‎　　some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做)/ They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿)‎ ‎　　some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗?)‎ ‎　　any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如：They didn’t have any friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友)/ Have you got any questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗?)‎ ‎　　any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。)‎ ‎　　(2)no和none的用法：‎ ‎　　no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点) / They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借)‎ ‎　　none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数。如：None of them is/are in the classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) / I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的)‎ ‎　　(3)all和both的用法：‎ ‎　　all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词;也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎　　both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识) / --Would you like this one or that one? –Both.(你要这个还是那个?两个都要。)‎ ‎　　all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮)‎ ‎　　(4)every和each用法：‎ ‎　　every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念意思等同于all，并且every可以与—one/—body/—thing组成复合代词;‎ ‎　　each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或者“各个”,表示单个概念;each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前；‎ ‎　　every和each都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词(如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词(如they/them/their)替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功) / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干)‎ ‎　　(5)either和neither的用法：‎ ‎　　either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”;neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。‎ ‎　　neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数。如：I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行) / --Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither. I will go there by ‎ train.(你坐公车去还是坐轿车去?一个都不坐,我坐火车去。)‎ ‎　　(6)other、the other和another的用法：‎ ‎　　other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在句中可作宾语和定语。如：‎ ‎　　Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.(有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌,别的就躺在草地上说话) / You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?(你已经吃了好几块饼子了,你真的还要一块?) / I want another four books.(我还要四本书)‎ ‎　　another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用another。如： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one?(这是你的一只袜子,还有一只呢?) / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.(我已经吃了4块蛋糕,但是我还要以块。)‎ ‎　　others与the others的主要区别：others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分);the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.(有几个学生在踢足球,其他一些人在观看) / Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.(十个男孩中有两个站着,其他人都围着他们坐着。)‎ ‎　　(7)many和much的用法：‎ ‎　　many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用;much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如：I don’t have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多)‎ ‎　　many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground.(操场上有许多的人)/ They haven’t got much work to do.(他们没有多少事情可做) / There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多了。)‎ ‎　　(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法：‎ ‎　　few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ;few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物, little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如：‎ ‎　　He is very poor and he has little money.(他很穷,几乎没有什么钱。) / Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.(别着急,还有一点儿时间呢。) / In that polar ‎ region there live few people.(在那个极地地区几乎不住人) / You can get a few sweets from him.(你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果)‎ ‎　　(9)复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。‎ somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语（通常为形容词或者副词）,应放在它们的后面。‎ Eg：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.嗨,丽丽,门外有人。‎ ‎ Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗?‎ ‎ He has nothing much to do today.他今天没有多少事情做。‎ ‎ I need to talk something important to you. 我需要告诉你一些重要的事情。‎ ‎　　(10)one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which等。如： Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?(你要哪件夹克,这件还是那件? / I don’t like the green ones.(我不喜欢绿色的那些)‎ ‎　　(11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。如： I don’t think so.(我认为不是这样的。) / He lost a book. So did I.(他丢失了一本书,我也是。)‎ ‎　　(12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的区别：五个“名词+介词”短语都表示“大量,许多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,可以相应地换为much和many;plenty of“足够、大量”,既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a number of / large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式)可以换为much。‎ ‎　　如：A lot of people think that time is money.(许多的人认为时间就是金钱。) / I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着赶忙,因为我有充足的时间。) / I have a number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要写) / I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在购物方面我花费了大量的时间/金钱。)‎ ‎　　(13)none、no one、nobody的区别：no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;none表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。如：No one knows how he managed to ‎ get the ticket.(没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的) / Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天没有一个人交作文。) / None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来看我。)‎ 在我们了解初中英语语法不定代词用法之后，一定要牢记no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。‎ 6. 相互代词 概念与句法功能：表示相互关系的代词，主要有each other，one another，意为“互相”，相互代词在句中只能做宾语。‎ Eg： We often help each other/one another when in trouble.‎ ‎ 遇到麻烦时，我们常常互相帮助。‎ ‎ We received one another's/each other's postcards before Christmas.‎ ‎ 圣诞节前我们各自收到了对方的卡片。‎ 7. 疑问代词 概念：用来构成特殊疑问句进行提问的代词 用法：（1）疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个：‎ ‎　　指　人： who, whom, whose ‎　　指　物： what ‎　　既可指人又可指物： which ‎（2） 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较：‎ 疑问代词：Whose are these books on the desk?　桌上的书是谁的？‎ ‎　　‎ 限定词：　Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的？‎ ‎ What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?　 哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国？‎ 说明1：‎ ‎　　无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：‎ Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘？‎ What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？‎ 说明2：‎ ‎　　Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom, 例如：‎ Who(m) did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了谁？（作动词宾语）‎ Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把这书带给谁？（作介词宾语，置句首）‎ To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校园里和谁讲话了？（作介词宾语，置介词 后，不能用who取代。）‎ 说明3：‎ ‎　　疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时，过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首，现代英语中，疑问代词在句首，介词在句未，例如：‎ For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么？（旧文体）‎ What are you looking for? 你在找什么？（现代英语）‎ 说明4：‎ ‎　　疑问代词还可引导名词性从句，例如：‎ I can't make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。‎ Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?　你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗？‎ Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.‎ 你说的我大部分同意，但并不完全赞同。‎ ‎（3）疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。Eg：What is this? （what作表语）这是什么？ ‎ ‎ Which is bigger, the left one or the right one? （which作主语）哪一个大一点，左边的一个还是右边的一个？ ‎ ‎ What are you talking about? （what作宾语）你在说什么？ ‎ ‎ Who will go with you? （who作主语）谁和你一起去？ ‎ ‎ Whom are you talking to? （whom作宾语）你在跟谁说话？ ‎ ‎ Whose dictionary is this? （whose作定语）这是谁的字典？ ‎ ‎●which表示在一定数目（或范围）之内的选择，what则没有这种限制。如： ‎ ‎ Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? 咖啡和茶，你喜欢喝哪种？ ‎ ‎ What do you usually drink before dinner? 你饭前通常喝什么？‎ ‎（4）疑问代词可以引导主语、宾语、表语从句等。疑问代词本身在从句中担当一定的句子成分。如：‎ Who will attend the meeting is still not decided. ‎ 谁出席这个会议，现在还没有决定。（疑问代词who引导一个主语从句，它本身又在从句中作主语。）‎ Do you know which grade she is in? ‎ 你知道她上几年级了吗？（疑问代词which引导宾语从句，它本身在从句中作定语。）‎ What he says sounds true. ‎ 他讲的话听起来很对。（疑问代词what虽然相当于all that，它引导一个主语从句，但它本身作从句的宾语。）‎ What his name is remains unknown. ‎ 还没有人知道他叫什么名字。（疑问代词what引导主语从句，what在从句中作表语）‎ 6. 关系代词 概念：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词。　　‎ 用法：1、关系代词who 、which、 that 、whom 等,将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分,另一方面又起连接作用。‎ ‎　　如：The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一年级的)‎ ‎　　2、关系代词who / whom指人,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如：‎ ‎　　Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat? (你认识那个戴着红帽子的男人吗?)‎ ‎　　3、关系代词which 指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如：Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?(你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗?)‎ ‎　　4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如：Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?(你看得见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗?)‎ 在我们了解初中英语语法关系代词用法之后，一定要牢记关系代词who 、which、 that 、whom 等,将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分,另一方面又起连接作用。‎ ‎9.连接代词 概念：连接主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句的代词，包括表示疑问的疑问连接代词和不表示疑问的非疑问连接代词。主要包括：who，whom，whose，which，what， whoever，whomever，whosever，whichever，whatever等。‎ 用法:‎ ‎ (1)引导主语从句：‎ ‎ Which side wins makes no difference to him. 哪边赢他都无所谓。‎ ‎ What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事最后实现了。‎ ‎ (2)引导宾语从句：‎ ‎ Do you know who he is. 你知道他是谁吗？‎ I don‘t know who he gave it to. 我不知道他把它给谁了。‎ He asked me what I wanted. 他问我想要什么。‎ I don‘t know whose it is. 我不知道那是谁的。‎ ‎ I missed what you said because of the noise. 由于嘈杂我没听清你的话。‎ ‎ (3)引导表语从句：‎ ‎ This is what I want to stress. 这是我想强调的。‎ ‎ That is what he meant. 这就是他的意思。‎ ‎ The question is whom we should trust. 问题是我们应当相信谁。‎ ‎ The question is which design is better. 问题是哪个设计更好。‎ 3. 课后习题 ‎1.You may come to my house ______ this week_____ next week.‎ A .neither; or B .from ; to C .either ;or D. either; nor ‎2.I don’t think we can do it all______ .‎ A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by ourself D .by yourselves ‎3.I don’t want this shirt. Please show me______ ‎ A .others B .the others C .another D .the other ‎4.I can’t repair the model ship______ . Can you help______?‎ A .me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself ‎5.Does your brother often wash clothes______?‎ A. he B .himself C. herself D .him ‎6. We study Chinese, English , maths and some ______ subjects.‎ A .the other B. one C .other D .another ‎7.I have two sisters . ______ of them are doctors.‎ A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neither ‎8.The book on the shelf is______.She wrote______ name on its cover .‎ A .Hers ; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself ‎9. “Don’t worry . There’s______ much wrong with you.” said the doctor.‎ A. nothing B .everything C. something D .very ‎ ‎10.These shoes are too small. You may buy some______ shoes .‎ A .another B .other C .the .others D. others ‎ ‎11.I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but______ of them came .‎ A .another B. other C .the others D .others ‎ ‎12.They are______ the same size , so you may take______ half of the cake.‎ A. at; each B. in ; both C .at ; neither D .in ; either ‎ ‎13.Betty and John have come back , but______ students in the class aren’t here yet.‎ A. the other B others C. another D. the others ‎14.Your mother is kindness______ . ‎ A .itself B. herself oneself D .himself ‎15.She stayed there longer than ______ .‎ A. anyone B .anything else C. anybody D .anybody else ‎16.Is this her bike? No, it isn’t . It’s ______.‎ A. mine B. my C. me D. he’s ‎17. ______ Li Ping’s brother. ‎ A. Her B. His C .He’s D. She’s ‎18.He is a boy . ______ name is Wang Bing. ‎ A. He B. His C. Her D. He’s ‎19.What’s this? ______. ‎ A. It’s a bread B. It is a bread C. It’s bread D. This’s bread ‎20.The bowls are on the table .There are some eggs in ______ .‎ A. the B. them C. it D. he ‎ ‎21.Let ______ have a meeting .‎ A. me B. you C. us D. me ‎ ‎22. Mother often sees______ on Sunday .‎ A. her all friends B. all her friend C. her friends D. her all friend.‎ ‎23.When you see Tom and his sister , tell ______ that ______ mother is waiting at the gate.‎ A. his ;his B. her; hers C. them ; their D. his ; her ‎ ‎24.He wants you to talk______ about China.‎ A .anything B .nothing C. thing D .something ‎25.Granny seems ill . Are you sure it’s______?‎ A .nothing serious B. anything serious C. serious nothing D. serious anything ‎ ‎