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八下英语语法总结
2019-2020 学年度下学期初中八年级英语语法总结 Unit 1 1. used to do 过去经常做(现在不做了) be/get/become used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做 2. mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着 mean meant meant 3. fall down from=fall off 从......掉下来 4. hit hit hit 撞,打 hurt hurt hurt 受伤,疼痛 5. lie lay lain lying 躺,位于 lie lied lied lying 撒谎 lay laid laid laying 放置,下蛋 6. 人+run out of+sth 用尽 物+run out 用尽(不及物短语) 7. give up doing 放弃做 8. put off doing 推迟做 9. have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 10. think twice 认真考虑 11. be sick 生病(表语) the sick person 生病的那个人(定语) be ill 生病(表语) 12. make a decision to do sth.下决心做某事 13. It is sad that many people....... “it”是形式主语,that 从句是真正的主语。 14. see/watch/hear/sb. doing (正在做) see/watch/hear/sb. do (经常或整个过程) 15. She said that the man......“said”是及物动词,that 从句做宾语,介词后面的句子也是宾 语从句,that 在宾语从句中不作成分,无词义,只起连接作用。 16. 期盼 expect to do sth. expect sb.to do sth. expect that 从句 17. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦·罗尔思是 一个对爬山感兴趣的美国人。 “who”是关系代词引导定语从句,翻译成 “......的.....”,定语从句前面的名词或代词叫“先 行词”。 18. Make a decision that could mean life or death. 意味着生或死的决定。 decision 是名词,that 引导定语从句,在定语从句中做主语。 19. so +adj/adv. +that 如此......以至于 such+(a/an)+adj+名词+that 如此.....以至于 20. if 翻译成“如果”引导条件状语从句,时态是主将从现,从句用一般现在时表将来,主 句可以是一般将来时,也可以是祈使句,或含有情态动词的句子。 21. happen 发生(偶然性)不及物动词, take place 发生(按计划)不及物短语 22. surprising 令人惊讶(主语通常是物)surprised 感到惊讶(主语通常是人) 23. 表示“疼痛和不舒服”的方式 have a sore+身体部位 have a+身体部位+ache have a +病症 have a pain in/on the+部位 24. feel sick 感到恶心 be sick of 厌倦 25. was saved by… 被……救了 被动语态构成:主语+be +p.p.(过去分词) 26. in order to do=so as to do 为了 so that=in order that 为了 to do 为了 27. mind doing 介意做 28. probably-perhaps/maybe-possibly 可能性由强到弱 29. get on 上车 get off 下车 (公交车) Get into 上车 get out of 下车 (小汽车) 30. hit sb. on/in the+部位 打某人(软的地方用 in, 硬的地方用 on) 31. the same…as 像……一样 32. need 实义动词 need to do 需要做某事 need sb. to do 需要某人做某事 物+need doing=物+need to be done 某物被做 need 实义动词 need do 必要做 Need I…/Must I…? 肯定回答 Yes, you must. 否定回答 No, you needn’t. 33. breathe 呼吸(v) breath 呼吸(n.) out of breath 上气不接下气 34.give sb. a hand 帮助某人 35. as quickly as he could=as quickly as possible 尽可能块地 36. be worth doing 值得做某事 37. keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 38. have a day off 请一天假 39. ambulance 救护 Unit 2 1. put off doing sth. 推迟最某事 put put put 2. alone 独自一人 lonely 孤独的 3. come up with a plan 想出一个计划 come came come 4. used to do 过去常常做(现在不做了) 否定句:主语+usedn’t to do...=主语+didn’t use to do... 疑问句:Used+主语+to do...?=Did+主语+use to...? 5. at the age of 5 在五岁的时候=when+主语+was five years old 6. make a difference to...对......起作用/产生影响 make made made 7. try out for 参加......选拔 try tried tried 8. change one’s mind 改变主意 9. I can do what I love to do. “what”引导宾语从句,在从句中做“宾语”。 10. Cheer them up!使他们振奋起来! Cheers!干杯! 11. You helped me to make it possible for me to have Lucky. “it”是形式宾语,真正的宾语是动 词不定式“to have Lucy”,翻译时把真正的宾语放到“it”的位置翻译。think/find it+adj. 12. 自愿做某事 volunteer to do sth. volunteer for sth 13. so+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that... : 如此......以至于...... so many/much/little/few+名词 如此多/多/少/少+名词 14. to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 satisfy 满意(v.) satisfying 令人满意(修饰物) satisfied 感到满意(修饰人) Interesting 令人感兴趣的(修饰物) interested 感兴趣 (修饰人) 15. try to do 尽力做 try doing 尝试做 tried tried 16. A dream come true. 梦想成真。Come true 不及物动词词组 17. 想象 imagine+n./pron./ving/从句 imagine doing 想象做某事 18. open 打开(开合)turn on 打开(水、电) 19. be able to do 能够做某事(可用于多种时态) 20. bring 带来 take 拿走 carry 搬、扛 get 去拿来 21. This group was set up to help disabled people like me.这个组织是为了帮助像我这样的残 疾人而设立的。was set up 是被动语态,“被设立”。被动语态构成:主语+be+过去分词(p.p.) 22. understand understood understood 明白,理解 set set set 建,放 23. 人+run out of 用完 run ran run 24. write a letter to sb. 给某人写信 write wrote written 25. to do 动词不定式: 1)作主语(谓语单三) 2)作宾语(want to do) 3.)作宾补(tell sb. to do) 4)作表语(My duty is to keep the classroom clean.) 5)做定语(We have too much work to do.) 6)作状语(表目的)I went to the station to meet him. 7)特殊疑问词+to do(where to go) 8)不带 to 的不定式(make me laugh) 26. 动词短语 1)动词+副词结构:如果是及物词组需要接宾语 give them away (宾语是代词放中间) put up the picture=put the picture up(宾语是名词可前可后) 如果是不及物动词短语不能接宾语:get up 2)动词+介词:都是及物动词短语,必须接宾语 care for me/the old man 代词或名词放后面 27. homeless 无家可归的 less 构成形容词否定后缀 28. should 应该(情态动词),shall 的过去式 29. give out=hand out 分发 give gave given 30. Neither can I. 我也不能。 Neither I can. 我确实不能。 So do I. 我也是。 So I do. 我确实是。 31. do what he could to do 做他能做的 32. from time to time 时不时 33. be supposed to do 应该做某事 34. 将来时被动语态:主语+be +过去分词 35. the+adj 表示一类人 the old 老人 36. had better (not) do 最后(不)做某事 37. make sb. do 的被动语态 be made to do 38. the fact that he was rich that 引导同位语从句,that 无词义,不作成分。从句是前面 名词的内容。事实是他富有 39. 过去完成时构成:主语+had+过去分词 40. show off 炫耀 41. run out of=use up 用光 42. set sb. a good example 给某人树立好榜样 43. not only…but also 不但……而且….. 44. What they did worked out fine. What they did 是 what 引导的主语从句, what 在从句中 做主语。 worked out fine 效果很好 45. be in danger 处于饥饿中 fix it up=repair it 修理它 46. take after 长得像,look like 看起来像 keep sth. +adj. 保持某种状态 keep the window open 使窗户开 Unit 3 1. as soon as=the minute(that) 一......就 2. sweep the floor 扫地 sweep swept swept 3. Could you please+ 动词原形, 请问你能......? 4. borrow 借入 lend 借出 keep 借用 borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那借入某物 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人 lend lent lent keep kept kept 5. in front of 在.....前面 in the front of 在......前部 6. any minute now 随时,马上 7. The+比较级···,the +比较级···, 越······,越······ 8. at least 至少 at most 至多 9. Neither did I. 我也不。Neither I did. 我确实不是。So do I. 我也是。 So I do. 我确实是。 Neither/Nor+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示也不。 So+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示也是。 Neither...nor...既不······也不······,(谓语动词就近原则) 10. 需要接 doing 的动词:enjoy, suggest, keep ,practise, finish, avoid(避免), miss(错过), mind 11. throw sb. sth=throw sth to sb 扔给某人某物 12. hate=dislike+sb./sth/doing/to do 讨厌 13. while 当······时候,而,(谓语是延续性动词)多用于进行时态 进行时+while+进行时(表示对比) when 当······时候(谓语是延续性动词,也可是非延续性动词) 14. could 的用法 1)委婉的请求 2)can 的过去式,表能力 3)否定,疑问推测 4)用于虚拟语气 15. 人+spend (in) doing/on sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 spend spent spent 人+pay sb.some money for sth 某人付钱买某物 pay paid paid 物+cost( sb.) some money 某物花费(某人)多少钱 cost cost cost It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 take took taken 16.in order (not) to do sth.=so as (not) to do sth.为了(不)做某事 in order to 可放句首,句中 so as to 只放句中 17. anyway 而且,即使这样,不管怎样 Thank you anyway. 不管怎么说,也要谢谢你。(虽然没有帮上忙) 18.develop (v.) development(n.)发展 developed 发达的 developing 发展中的 19. independence(n.)独立 independent(adj.)独立的 20. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事没有必要。 It’s no use+doing sth.做某事没有用。 It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。(谚语) 21. take good care of= look after well 照顾好 22. 表示原因的四个词(语气从强到弱) 1)because 因为(回答 why 问句) 2)since 既然(侧重主句) 3)as 由于 (显而易见的原因) 4)for 因为(附加的原因) 23. 时间、距离、金钱、重量等作主语时,看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。 如:Five dollars is enough.(五美元就足够了。) Unit 4 1. allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事 allow doing 允许做 be allowed to do 被允许做 2. Why don’t you+动词原形=Why not +动词原形 3. find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 4. It’s a deal.一言为定。 It’s not a big deal. 没什么大不了的。 5. I guess.../I think...+句子,如果句子是否定句,要“否定迁移” 6. get on/along (well)with sth 进展(事情),get on/along (well) with sb. 相处 (和某人) 7. argue with sb. about sth.为某事与某人争吵 8. He watches whatever he wants. 他想看什么就看什么。 这个句子中 whatever 引导宾语从句,在从句中做宾语。 Whatever(No matter what) difficulties he may meet, he will overcome them. 无论他可能 会遇到什么困难,他都会克服它们。 这个句子中,whatever 引导的是状语从句,可以和 no matter what 替换, 其他不可以。 9. elder brother 哥哥 younger brother 弟弟 older 比.....大/旧 10. 表示顺序的副词连用,表示例举:firstly, secondly, thirdly, lastly. 11. communicate(v.) communication (n.) 交流 12. return=give ...back 归还 return sth. to sb. =return sb. sth=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还某人 return to +地点名词 return+副词 13. Your best friend does not trust you anymore.你的朋友不再信任你。 not...anymore=no more 不再(多表示频率) anymore 放在句尾,no more 可放句中句尾 not...any longer=no longer 不再, any longer 放句尾, no longer,放 be 后动前 14. instead 代替,adv.(单独用) instead of+n./pron./ving 而不是 15. offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物 offer to do(主动)提出做某事 16. explain +that 从句 explain+特殊疑问词+to do explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某物 17. until 引导的时间状语从句 主句是肯定句,谓语用延续性动词 I’ll stay here until you come back. 主句是否定句,谓语用非延续性动词 We didn’t start our discussion until he came. 18. so that 引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句 1)I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.我乘了一辆出租车,为了能早点到。 so that 为了(引导目的状语从句)=in order that 从句中多含有 can,could 等情态动词 2)He studied hard so that he passed the exam.他努力学习,因此他通过了考试。 so that 因此(引导结果状语从句) 19. although 引导让步状语从句 although=though 虽然......但是,不能与 but,however 连用,可以与 yet,still 连用。 Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry her duties. 虽然她病得很重,但是她继续旅行她的职责。 20. compete(v.)竞争 competition(n.)比赛 competitor 对手,竞争者 21. the+姓名+s 一家人(谓语用复数) 22. continue to do sth. continue doing sth. Continue with sth. 继续做某事 23. cut out 动词+副词结构的及物短语,代词放中间,名词可前可后 24. be always doing sth.一直做某事(含有抱怨和厌恶的感情色彩,不表示正在发生) They are always comparing them with other children. 他们总是把他们和其他孩子比较。 25. be crazy about 热衷于,迷恋 26. push sb.to do sth.督促某人做某事 push 推 pull 拉 27. cause 起因(引起某种结果)excuse 借口(推卸责任)reason 原因(推理得出) 28. 三个可能(由强到弱) probably 可能地(句首,句中,句尾) perhaps 也许(常用句首)相当于 maybe possibly 可能地(常用句中) Unit 5 1. heavy(adj) 重的 heavily(adv.)重地 2. begin/start to do/doing 开始做某事 begin began begun beginning begin/start with 以.....开始 to begin/start with 首先 at the beginning of 在......的开头 3. pick up the phone 接电话(有拿起的意思) answer the phone 接电话(有回话的意思) pick up 捡起,接(某人) 4. light 轻的,明亮的,光线,浅色的,光 5. with+宾语+宾语补足语(表示伴随) with a smile on her face 她面带微笑 6. win the match 赢了比赛 win won won winning beat sb. in the match 在比赛中打败某人 beat beat beaten 7. against 反对(介词), for 赞成(介词) against 倚,碰,撞(介词) 8. asleep, afraid, awake 表语形容词(无比较级最高级)不能用 very 等副词修饰 fall asleep 睡着 fall fell fallen 9. rise rose risen 升起,上涨(不及物动词) raise raised raised 举起,提高(及物动词) 10. 过去进行时(表示过去正在发生的动作)主语+was/were+doing 时间状语:then 那时,at nine last night 昨晚 9 点, at that time 当时, at five yesterday 昨天 5 点,the whole morning 整个早晨, at this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 11. 当......时候 while+从句(进行时) while 而 主句(进行时)+when 从句 12. miss+n./pron./ving miss doing sth. 怀念/错过做某事 13. 主语+realize(及物动词)+宾语 主语+come true(不及物动词) 14. on the/one’s way to 在(某人)去......的路上 by the way 顺便说一下 15. the rest of+名词(就近原则) the rest of+不可数/名词单数+单三(谓语动词) the rest of+可数名词复数+复数(谓语动词) 16. in silence 默默地 17. recently 最近 比较级 more recently, 最高级(the )most recently 18. at first 起初 first of all 首先 19. to tell the truth,老实说 true(adj.) 真的 truly(adv.)真正地 truth(n.)实情 20. wake up 醒来(不及物) 叫醒(及物) wake woke woken 21. remember doing 记得做(做过了) remember to do 记得做(没有做) 22. have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing 做某事有困难 23. sudden(adj.)突然的 suddenly(adv.)突然地 24. complete(adj.)完全的 completely(adv.)完全地 complete(v.)完成 25. wind(n.)风 windy(adj.)多风的 26. strange(adj.)奇怪的 stranger(n.)陌生人 27. match(n.) 比赛,火柴 matches(复数) match(v.)匹配 28. 从句共有三种 1.)名词性从句:主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句 2.)形容词性从句:定语从句 3.)副词性从句:状语从句(时间,地点,条件,方式,目的,结果,原因,比较状语和让 步状语从句) 29. kid kidded kidding 开玩笑 30. fall fell fallen 落下 fall asleep 进入梦乡,睡着 Unit 6 1. shoot shot shot 射击 2. remind sb. of sth./sb.使某人想起某事 remind sb. about sth.提醒某人某事 3. a little bit+adv./adj.有点儿 a bit+adv./adj.有点儿 a bit of+不可数名词 一点儿 a little +adv./adj.有点儿 a little+不可数名词 一点儿 not a little 非常 a bit/a little 可以修饰形容词副词原级和比较级 4. silly 比较级,最高级 sillier silliest 5. the+adj 表示一类人 the weak 虚弱得人,弱者 the brave 勇敢的人 6. seem+adj 好像 seem to do sth.似乎做某事 It seems that 从句, 看起来 seem like+n.看上去像 7. has been doing 现在完成进行时 8. come out 出版,发行,开花,出现 come came come 9. more than=over 多于 less than 少于 10. fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall fell fallen 非延续动词 be in love with sb. 相爱 延续性动词 11. fit 合身 keep fit=keep healthy 保持健康 be fit for 胜任/适合 12. get married to sb.和某人结婚 非延续性动词 get married 结婚 非延续性动词 marry sb. 与某人结婚 非延续性动词 be married 结婚(表状态) 延续性动词 13. unless 除非,如果不 14. as soon as 一......就 15. such a lovely girl=so lovely a girl 如此可爱得女孩 16. He was so clever that he could understand what I said.(同义句改写) He was clever enough to understand what I said. 他很聪明,能理解我说的话。 17. The girl is so young that she can’t dress herself. (同义句改写) The girl is too young to dress herself. The girl is not old enough to dress herself. 这个女孩太小了,还不能自己穿衣服。 18. nobody“没有人”,回答 who 提问的问句 none“一个也没有”即可指人也可指物,回答 how many/how much 提问的问句 19. in the moonlight 在月光下 20. whole 强调整体 the whole story 放在冠词后 all 强调各个组成部分 all the children 放在冠词前 21. lead sb.to +地点 带领某人去某处 lead led led 22. be made of...由......制成(能看出原材料) be made from...由......制成(看不出原材料) 23. voice 嗓音 sound 声音 noise 噪音 24. hide hid hidden 隐藏 25. To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. 不定式作目的状语位于句首时,用逗号隔开。 26. excited 感到兴奋 exciting 令人兴奋 27. turn into 变成=change 把......翻译成 28. take away 把......带走(动副结构) 29. that 在名词性从句(主,表,宾,同)中,不作成分,无词义,只起连接作用,常 省略 30. whether/if 在名词性从句(主,表,宾,同)中,不作成分,有词义,翻译成“是否” 31. A man told Yu Gong that he could never do it.一位人告诉愚公他不可能做到。 that 引导宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句一般也要使用过去的某种时态。 32. This is because...=the reason is that 这是因为..., 引导表演从句 33. the couple 一对夫妇 a couple of 几个 34. shine shone shone 发光,照耀 Unit 7 1. in size 在尺寸上,在大小方面 2. square 平方,正方形,广场 3. two meters deep 两米深 (基数词+单位词+形容词) two meters in depth 两米深(基数词+单位词+in+名词) deep 深的 deeply 深深地 4. 比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数 比其他任何…..更…..(比较级表示最高级概念) Tom is taller than any other boy in his class. Tom is the tallest boy in his class. 5. what 提问 population, how many 提问 people What’s the population of China?中国的人口是多少? How many people are there in China? 中国的人口是多少? 人口多用 big 或 large, 人口少用 small 6. feel free to do sth. 随意做某事 7. amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 感到惊奇 8. protect…from/against 保护……免受…… 9. including 包括(介词)+名词/代词 Include 包括(动词) 10. thick 厚的 thin 薄的 11.freezing 冰冻的(形容词) freeze froze frozen 12. in good condition 处于良好的状态 13. succeed in doing/sth.成功做某事 14. in the face of 面对… face to face 面对面 15. give up doing 放弃做 give gave given 16. achieve 实现(及物动词) come true 实现(不及物短语) 17. force sb. to do 迫使某人做某事(动词) 力,力量(名词) 18. nature 大自然(不可数) natural 自然的(形容词) 19. even though=even if 即使(引导让步状语从句) 20. 比较级前不加 the, 有一种特殊的情况除外(the+比较级+of the two…/twins) 固定句型: the+比较级…, the+比较级 越….,越… 比较级+and+比较级 越来越 21. the +序数词+最高级+名词+in/of The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 22. the+最高级+名词+定语从句 She is the most beautiful girl (that) I have met. 23. as+形容词/副词原形+as 一样…. not so/as+形容词/副词原形+as 不一样…. 24. 修饰比较级的词有:much, even, still, far, a lot, a great deal, a little, a bit, rather, 倍 数, 分数, 百分数。 修饰最高级的词有:by far, nearly, almost 25. weigh 称重(动词) weight 重量(名词) 26. This stick is three times as long as that one.这个棍子是那个的 3 倍长。 This stick is three times longer than that one.这个棍子比那个棍子长 3 倍。 27. at birth=when he/she was born 28. research 研究(不可数) 29. prepare…for…为…做准备 prepare to do 准备做某事 30. be awake 醒着 wake sb. up 把某人叫醒(及物) wake up 醒醒(不及物) 31. with excitement=excitedly 激动地 to one’s excitement 使某人兴奋的是 32. There be +名词+doing sth.有……正在做某事 There are fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests. 33. fall over sth.被某物绊倒 34. another+基数词+名词=基数词+more+名词 another two days=two more days 另外两天 35. 名词+or so 大约 30 workers or so 大约 30 名工人 about/around+名词 about/around 30 workers 大约 30 名工人 36. die from an accident 死于一场事故(外部原因) die of sorrow 死于悲伤(内部原因) Unit 8 1. 现在完成时:主语+has/have+过去分成(一是强调结果、二是表示过去到现 在的动作或状态) 常与 for+段时间和 since 时间状语连用,常用 already(已经), yet(还),也 常与 just(刚刚),ever(曾经),never(从不),before(以前) 等连用. haven’t=have not hasn’t=has not They have lived here for 20 years. 他们在这住了 20 年。(延续性动词) The have lived here since 20 years ago. 他们从 20 年前就住在这里了。(延续 性动词)现在完成时+since+一般过去式/过去时间状语 already 和 yet 的转换,already(肯定句),yet(否定句和疑问句) I have already finished reading the book.我已经读完这本书了。 I haven’t finished reading the book yet.我还未读完这本书。 Have you finished reading the book yet?你已经读完这本书了吗? 2. be full of=be filled with 装满 fill… with 用…装满 3. put down 放下(动副结构,代词放中间) put down=write down=take down 写下,记下 4. hurry up 赶快 in a hurry 匆忙地 5. be due 预定,预期(due 通常只用作表语) The book report is due in two weeks.读书报告两天后必须交。 6. in+一段时间,翻译成“….后” 时态是将来时,用 how soon 提问 I’ll come and see you in two days.我两天后来看你。 after+一段时间 用于一般过去时 After two hours’ walk, we felt very tired.走了两个小时后,我们感到非常累。 7. mark 分数,做记号 8. else 其他的(放在疑问词,代词等后面)other+ 名词 what else=what other things 其他的事情 9. each other=one another 互相 10. one…the other 一个…….另一个(两者) some …the others… 一些……其余的(三者或三者以上) 11. towards 朝,向(介词,只说明方向)walk towards the town for+目的地 leave for Harbin to+目的地 come to school 12. land 着陆,陆地 13. in the middle of the road 在路中间 in the middle of the night 半夜 14. Every time she is in the library…, 每次她在图书馆的时候……, every time 引导时间壮语从句 15. fight over 因为……而争辩 fight with+人/国家 与…..作战,与……并肩作战 fight with the Italians fight for +抽象名词 为…..斗争 fight for freedom fight against +名词/人/国家 与…..战斗 fight against the enemy 16. study abroad=go abroad to study 去国外学习 17. on the radio 通过广播 18. come to do sth. 逐渐/开始做某事 come to realize 逐渐意识到 19. actually=in fact 事实上 (无比较级最高级) 20. ever since=since 自从(后面常接过去时句子或过去时时间,前面用完成时) 21. a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样 kind of=a little=a bit=a little bit 有点 22. such as 和 for example 都是“例如” 前者例举部分,后者例举一个而且后面 有逗号。 23. belong to +名词/人称代词宾格,属于,to 是介词 belong to=be sb’s These clothes belong to me.=These clothes are mine.这些衣服是我的。 24. have/has been to…去过 have/has gone to 去了 25. two million 两百万 millions of 数以百万计的 26. live 现场表演/直播 (adv.) 活的/现场演出的(adj.) 27. cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 28. must 一定(肯定推测) This book must be Lisa’s. Her name is on it. may/might 可能(推测) can’t 不可能(否定推测) 29. a number of 许多(谓语用复数)the number of……的数量(谓语动词用单数) 30. introduce…to 向……介绍…… introduce oneself 自我介绍 31. at the end of 在……末尾(指时间/地点) in the end“最后”只指时间=finally Unit 9 1. Me neither. 我也没去过。=neither have I. 或 I haven’t either. Me too. 我也是。=So do I. Neither/so+助动词/情态动词/系动词 be+主语 2. one 一个(泛指) it 它(指上文提到的) 3. somewhere different 不同的某处 不定副词+形容词 否定、疑问用 anywhere 4. 反意疑问句(前肯后否,前否后肯) 如果前句有 few,little,never,nobody,hardly,seldom 等否定词时,后面用肯定形式。 Let’s...,shall we? Let us..., will you? 其他祈使句后面也是 will you? 5. a great way to do sth 做某事的好方法(动词不定式作定语) 6. invention 发明(不可数)发明物(可数) inventor 发明者 7. unbelievable 难以置信的, 前缀 un, 中间去 e, 后缀 able 8. progress 进步(不可数)make progress (in) 取得进步 9. rapid 迅速的(rapid reading) quick 快的(a quick breakfast) fast 快速的(the fastest runner) 10. I wonder+宾语从句 我想知道 wonder 奇迹(n) 11. an unusual museum 一个特别的博物馆 12. encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 courage 勇气 13. social 社会的 society 社会 socially 在社交上 14. think about 考虑+n/pron/ving 15. performance 表演(n.) perform (v.) performer 表演者 16. collect 收集(v.) collection (n.) collector 收藏家 17. German 德国人 Germany 德国 Germans(复数) 中日不变,英法变(a 变 e),其余加 s 18. ride 供乘骑的游乐设施,短途旅行,骑 19. have been in+组织,表示加入某种组织 He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。 20. safe 安全的(adj.) 反义词是 dangerous safety 安全(n.) 反义词是 danger 21. on the other hand,...on the other hand...一方面....,另一方面..... 22. practice+n./ving 练习... 23. 分数表达法 分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于一,分母加 s。 分数与动词的主谓一致,要看名词,不看分数。 one-third; two-thirds 24. fear(v.) 害怕 fear sth. fear to do sth. afraid/scared (adj.)害怕的 be afraid/scared of sth./sb. be afraid/scared to do sth. 25. Whether 和 if 都有“是否”的意思,在下列情况只能用 whether 1) 与 or not 连用 2) 后面接 to 3) 引导主语从句 4) 引导表语从句 26. all year round=all the year round 全年 27. be close to 离.....近 28. whenever=no matter when 无论什么时候(在状语从句中可替换) 名词性从句只能用 whenever Unit 10 1. bring back 使.....回忆起来 2. when 当......时候(引导时间状语从句可接延续性和非延续性动词) while(接延续性动词) 3. on sale 减价出售, for sale 供出售 yard sale 庭院拍卖会 4. Sweet(adj.)甜的 sweet(n.)糖果,sweets 复数 sweet 甜点(不可数) 5. in need 需要, in danger 在危险中 , in order 井然有序 6. check out 检查,付账离开, check in 登记 7. memory 回忆,记忆(n.)memories(复数), memorize 记忆(v.) 8. own(v.)拥有 owner 主人(n.) 形物代+own own 指合法的拥有某物, have 常用词,表示所属关系, there be(某地有某人/某物) 9. part with 交出(不舍的东西) take part in 参加 10. certain 某种, 某事,某人(adj.)certainly 副词(当然)=sure=of course be certain to 一定会 11. as for 至于 12. clear out 清理,丢掉 13. no longer=not..any longer 不再(常与表示状态的动词和延续性动词连用) no more=not...any more 不再(常与非延续动词连用) 14. to be honest=honestly speaking 说实在的, 在句子作插入语 15. quite a while 有一阵子 for a while 一会儿 in a while 不久 16. some...others...一些......另一些 17. nowadays 现今(通常与一般现在时连用,多放居首和句末作状语) 相当于 these days, at present 18. search for 搜寻 search sb.搜身 search+地点搜查 search...for...为了找......而搜查 in search of 搜寻 19. among 在......中,(三者或三者以上),如果指每两者之间也用 between between(两者之间) 20. It’s a shame 很遗憾 in shame 羞愧地 21. regard...as...把.....视为(外表的看法) consider...as...(经过考虑后得出) 22. In the mid-20th century 在 20 世纪中期,早期用 early, 晚期用 late in the twentieth century 在 20 世纪 23. according to 根据 24. opposite 在...对面(介词)=across from 对面的(形容词) 对立的人或物(名词) 25. consider doing 考虑做某事=think about 26. especially 尤其 specially 特别地 27. hold 容纳,举行,拥有 hold on 别挂断(电话用语) 28. 现在完成时(动词延续性)+for+一段时间 现在完成时(动词延续性)+since+一般过去时句子/过去是时间状语 I have lived here for 20 years. He has learned English since 10 years ago. 否定句可以和非延续动词连用 Mr. Smith hasn’t come to China for three years. 对时间状语提问常用 How long 非延续性动词转为延续性动词 borrow keep buy have join the army be a soldier/be in the army begin/start be on leave be away(from) die be dead finish be over marry/get married be married open be open close be closed fall ill/asleep be ill/asleep return be back go to school be a student/be in school 29. 一般过去时说明过去的动作,现在完成时说明对现在的影响。 I lived in Yichun for three years.我在伊春住了三年。(不再伊春住了) I have lived in Yichun for three years. (还住在伊春)查看更多