【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空阶梯训10篇训练之六学案（13页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空阶梯训10篇训练之六学案（13页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空阶梯训10篇训练之六 ‎【一】‎ People do have different ideas about what __61___(wear). While young people tend to consider more about fashion, personality and how they look when 62 (choose) clothes, elderly people pay 63 (great) attention to whether they appear right, they feel comfortable as well as whether the material is worth 64 price.‎ How people get dressed also changes over time. Take China 65 an example. In the 1960’s and 1970’s, there were practically only two or three colors people wore-blue, green and gray. The styles of the clothes 66 (be) also very dell. In the 1980’s young people would only wear 67 was in fashion. 68 (recent), we have come to understand that the way you dress 69 (you) is a reflection of your occupation, your background and your personality. So we see different people wear different clothes according to occasions, their likes and 70 (feel).‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. to wear 62. choosing 63. greater 64. the 65. as 66. were 67. what 68. Recently 69. yourself 70. feelings ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文属于说明文，告诉我们人们穿不同的衣服，是因为他们各自不同的职业、背景和个性。‎ ‎61. to wear 考查不定式用法。“不定式可以+特殊疑问词”充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。本句中what to wear作为介词about的宾语。句意：人们对于穿什么衣服有不同的观点。‎ ‎62. choosing 考查现在分词。本句中的动词choose与句子主语young people构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中作状语，本句中的when是可以省略的。另外我们还可以理解成是省略句，在when后面省略了they are。‎ ‎63. greater 考查比较级。本句把老年人和年轻人进行比较，发现老年人更注意自己的穿着。所以使用比较级greater。‎ ‎64. the 考查冠词。在高中英语中通常使用定冠词the表示特指，本句中的the price特指所穿的衣服的价格。‎ ‎65. as 考查固定搭配。短语take sth as an example以...为例；人们怎么穿衣服随着时间在变化。以中国为例...接下来就列举了中国人穿衣的习惯随着时间的改变而改变。‎ ‎66. were 考查时态。本句是在叙述60、70年代中，中国人穿衣的情况，所以使用一般过去时。‎ ‎67. what 考查宾语从句。本句中what引导起宾语从句，并在句中作主语。句意：在80年代，年轻人只穿流行的衣服。‎ ‎68. Recently 考查副词。本句中副词recently近来，在句中作时间状语，句子使用现在完成时。形容词recent通常做定语修饰名词，不能做状语。句意：近来，我们已经逐渐理解你给自己穿衣的方式是你的职业、背景和个性的反映。‎ ‎【二】‎ ‎ Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.‎ Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, 61 will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to 62 (take) immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or 63 (possible) erase(抹去) the effect of painful memories.‎ ‎ In November, experts tested a drug on people in the U.S. and France. The drug stops the body 64 (release) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far, the research 65 (suggest) that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that memories are wiped out. They are not sure to 66 degree ‎ people’s memories are affected.‎ The research has caused a great deal of 67 (argue). Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills which prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. 68 , those who are 69 the research say that maybe the pills can change people’s memories and changing memories is very 70 (danger) because memories give us our identity.‎ ‎【答案与难点解析】‎ ‎61. which 62. be taken 63. possibly 64. releasing 65. has suggested ‎ ‎66. what 67. argument 68. However 69. against 70. dangerous ‎62. be taken 考查语态。本句的主语the pill与动词take之后构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。句意：在可怕的经历发生以后药片要立刻被服用。‎ ‎63. possibly 考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。本句中分词possibly修饰动词短语ease the effect of painful memories.句意：他们希望这种要求也许减少或可能抹去痛苦的记忆的影响。‎ ‎64. releasing 考查固定搭配。动词短语stop sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事，其中的介词from可以省略。句意：这种药物阻止时态释放让大脑记忆的物质。‎ ‎65. has suggested 考查时态。本句的时间状语是so far“到目前为止”，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用。‎ ‎66. what 考查宾语从句。本句中宾语从句to what degree people’s memories are affected一起作为形容词sure的宾语，句中what放在名词degree前面引导这个宾语从句。句意：他们不确定人们的记忆被影响到何种程度。‎ ‎67. argument 考查名词。横线前面有介词of说明横线上应该使用名词充当介词of的宾语。而argue的名词形式为argument。‎ ‎68. However 考查连词。横线前句：很多人遭受可怕记忆的影响，所以这种药物对他们是有好处的。但是反对这项研究的人说这种药物可能会改变人们的记忆。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用however表示转折，该词前后都要有逗号隔开。‎ ‎69. against 考查介词。根据前后句意可知本句叙述的是否定这一药物的人的观点，所以使用介词against表示“反对”。‎ ‎70. dangerous 考查形容词。因为记忆给了我们身份，正是因为我们有了记忆我们才知道自己是谁，现在这种药物改变了我们的记忆，那么对我们来说是很危险的。形容词dangerous与系动词is连用，构成系表结构。‎ ‎【三】‎ I always have my own ways to learn English. First, I always read the text in advance so that I can know what I must pay much attention to in class. 61.______ my delight, when my teacher raises a question, I know how to answer more often. And whenever I answer a question 62.______ (correct), I have a strong sense of achievement.‎ Besides, I always try to take notes in class. Important language points, grammar rules, useful 63._____ (express) and key words are 64._____ we want to take down. After class, I organize the notes so that I can have a better 65._______ (understand) of them. Of course, I will certainly read aloud the notes in the morning.‎ To develop my interest in English, after class I 66.______ (wide) read English materials. By this means I can also develop my ability of reading.‎ ‎67.____ (chat) with my teachers and classmates is also one of my ways to learn English. We often talk 68. ____ English about different topics concerning friendship, sports, etc. Free expression in English always 69.____ (give) me a sense of pride, 70.______ in turn inspires me to learn English better.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. To 62. correctly 63. expressions 64. what 65. understanding ‎66. widely 67. Chatting 68. in 69. gives 70. which ‎62. correctly 考查副词。在英语中通常使用副词做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，本句中使用correctly修饰谓语动词answer a question。句意：每当我正确地回答出一个问题，我就有强烈的成就感。‎ ‎63. expressions 考查名词。形容词useful有用的 ，通常在句中做定语修饰名词，所以本句使用动词express的名词expression，且使用复数形式与前面的points、rules和后面的words构成并列关系。句意：重要的语言点、语法规则、有用的表达和关键词是我想要记下来的内容。‎ ‎64. what 考查宾语从句。本句中what引导起这个宾语从句，并在句中作为动词短语take down的宾语。‎ ‎65. understanding 考查固定搭配。短语have a better understanding of更好地理解...；句意：下课以后，我整理好比较以便于我对所记内容有更好的理解。‎ ‎66. widely 考查副词。本句中分词widely作为状语修饰谓语部分read English materials阅读英语材料。而wide是形容词，不能修饰谓语动词部分，形容词通常在句中做定语修饰名词。‎ ‎67. Chatting 考查动名词。本句中动名词短语chatting with my teachers and classmates在句中作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。动词原形是不能在句中作主语的。句意：和老师同学聊天也是我学习英语的方法之一。‎ ‎68. in 考查介词用法。介词“in+语言”意为“使用某种语言”，句意：我们经常使用英语聊天。‎ ‎69. gives 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是名词短语free expression in English自由的用英语表达，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。意为“自由地英语表达给了我自豪感”‎ ‎70. which 考查定语从句。本句中which指代上文的先行词a sense of achievement自豪感，在句中作主语。句意：自由地英语表达给了我自豪感，这种自豪感转而鼓励我更好地学习英语。‎ ‎【四】‎ Do you shop online with websites 61 Taobao? When you make 62 order on Taobao, the money you pay doesn’t go directly to the sellers. Instead, it goes through Alipay, 63 keeps your money for a while. After you receive your goods and click the “ confirm receipt(确认收货)”button, Alipay then gives the money to the sellers. This process 64 (call) “ third party online payment”. There is a transfer station(中转站)，or a third account , between sellers and buyers 65 (make) online shopping safe. Buyers don’t need to worry about paying for goods and then 66 (receive) nothing. Sellers also get rid of the risk of receiving no money after sending out goods.‎ ‎ These transfer stations are 67 (usual) set up by payment service companies such as Alipay, Tenpay and Yeepay. Among them, Alipay is the biggest in China. It has more than 270 million active users, according to Xinhua. While most online sellers and shoppers like the third party online payment system, banks are not very 68 (satisfy) with it. That is 69 companies like Alipay are fighting over money with the banks. Users can invest in financial products through Alipay and make money. Thus lots of people 70 (choice) to put money in Alipay rather than in banks.‎ ‎【答案与难点解析】‎ ‎61. like 62. an 63. which. 64. is called 65. to make ‎ ‎66. receiving67. usually 68. satisfied 69. because 70. choose ‎ ‎62. an 考查固定搭配。短语make an order订购；句意：当你在淘宝上订购的时候，你付的钱没有直接给卖家。‎ ‎63. which. 考查非限制性定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Alipay，which引导非限制性定语从句并指代先行词在句中作主语。‎ ‎64. is called 考查语态。名词process与动词call之间构成被动关系，所以使用is called。句意：这个过程被称之为“第三方支付”。‎ ‎65. to make 考查不定式用法。当名词前面有序数词修饰或者序数词本身就是不定式所修饰的词。本句中不定式短语to make online shopping safe修饰名词a third account。句意：在卖家和买家中间有一个中转站或另外一个让网络购物安全的账户。‎ ‎66. receiving 考查动名词用法。本句中动名词短语receiving nothing与paying for goods是并列关系，都使用动名词短语作为about的宾语。‎ ‎67. usually 考查副词。本句中副词usually做状语修饰谓语部分be set up。在英语中形容词通常作为定语或者表语，不能做状语修饰副词。‎ ‎68. satisfied 考查固定搭配。形容词短语be satisfied with...对...满意；句意：尽管大部分的买家和卖家很喜欢第三方支付，但是银行对它很不满意。‎ ‎69. because 考查连词。句意：那是因为像支付宝这样的公司正在和银行争夺金钱。‎ ‎70. choose 考查动词。本句的主语是lots of people，横线上要使用的是谓语动词，名词choice的动词是choose。‎ ‎【五】‎ I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how 61 (excite)I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how 62 (ride) it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt 63 (extreme) nervous and l was afraid that l would fall off and hurt 64 (me). My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get 65 the bike. While l was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat so I would not fall over .I was so 66 (grate) to him for his help. As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle shouting, "You are riding it by yourself now!"I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but 67 if I fell off? Could I use the brakes to stop? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I ‎ ‎68 (slow) down and came to a stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike. 69 (late)that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like l was walking on air! I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike on my 70 (nine) birthday.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. excited 62. to ride 63. extremely 64. myself ‎ ‎65. on 66. grateful67. what 68. slowed 69. Later 70. ninth ‎62. to ride 考查特殊结构。在英语中我可以使用“特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。本句中“how to ride it”作为动词teach的宾语。‎ ‎63. extremely 考查副词。在英语中通常使用副词做状语来修饰形容词、副词或动词。本句中使用副词extremely修饰形容词nervous。句意：在我上车之前 ，我感觉非常紧张，害怕会从车上摔下来伤到自己。‎ ‎64. myself 考查反身代词。本句中使用反身代词myself作为动词hurt的宾语，表示强调。句意：在我上车之前 ，我感觉非常紧张，害怕会从车上摔下来伤到自己。‎ ‎65. on 考查介词。介词短语get on the bike表示上车。句意：我的叔叔按住座位，帮助我上了自行车。‎ ‎66. grateful 考查形容词。副词so通常修饰形容词，副词或者动词。本句中所填之词还和系动词was连用构成系表结构。所以使用形容词grateful感激的，句意：我对叔叔的帮助很感激。‎ ‎67. what 考查固定句式。句式what if....?要是...又如何？表示条件或假设。句意：我真地是自己在骑行，但是要是我摔下来又会怎么办呢？‎ ‎68. slowed 考查时态。根据文章第一句I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a bike.可知本文讲述的是我九岁的时候学习骑自行车的事，所以全文都要使用一般过去时。所以本句使用过去式slowed。‎ ‎69. Later 考查副词用法。副词later在句中单独使用作状语，意为“以后；后来，晚些时候”。句意：那天晚些时候，学会了骑自行车，我感觉我在空中性质一样。‎ ‎70. ninth 考查上下文串联。根据第一句I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a bike.可知当年我九岁，叔叔是在我九岁生日的时候教会我骑自行车的。所以本句使用序数词ninth，表示是我第九个生日。‎ ‎【六】‎ Nowadays, millions   61  lonely singles are now going online instead. The World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).‎ ‎      Singles are flocking(涌向)to the Internet 62 (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time 63 (look) for a significant other. Using dating sites(约会网址) is quick and convenient. Many singles say the regular dating scene    64  (lead) them from one bad experience to  65  and are ready to try something else. Dating sites also make   66  easy to avoid someone   67  you are not interested in. In the real world,    68 , ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult.‎ ‎      Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems. People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online   69  (describe). Safety is another concern. You are just  70  (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.of  62.mainly63.to look64.has led 65.another ‎66.it 67.who / whom/that 68.however  69.description 70.likely ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎61.of  固定形式：millions of成千上万的…，无数的…，后跟可数名词复数形式，故填of 。‎ ‎62.mainly 副词可以修饰从句，main主要的，是形容词，故此用副词形式mainly。‎ ‎63.to look 句意：几乎没有时间去寻找。此处是动词不定式做后置定语，故填to look。‎ ‎64.has led  句意：很多单身说常规的约会地点已经把他们从一个不好的经历引导了另一个不好的经历。可知用现在完成时态，故填has led 。‎ ‎65.another 句意：从一个不好的经历引导了另一个不好的经历。此处表示泛指，故填another。‎ ‎66.it  句意：约会网址也会很容易地避开你不感兴趣的人。此处是it 作形式宾语，后面的动词不定式作真正的宾语，故填it 。‎ ‎【七】‎ It was a busy day at the grocery store and an old couple were in line behind me with birthday balloons.‎ From __1__ they said, I knew their nephew had a twin and something bad happened to the baby at birth. Though they did all they could __2__(help) them but times were tough for them.‎ They seemed to be too nervous and were too __3__(anxiety) to leave, so I asked __4__ they wanted to go ahead of me or not. They didn’t understand what I __5__(mean) at first. After knowing it, they were very appreciative. But they stood behind me.‎ At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be __6__(good) if someone offered to help them. So I told the cashier to add the balloons to my purchases. The old couple refused at first __7__ I insisted. I said, “You tell your sweet nephew that there are still nice people left who wanted to give them __8__ hand in this world.” They thanked me over and over and the cashier was moved to tears, __9__(say) there was an angel in her line today.‎ That little act of __10__(kind) made everyone who saw it feel good — but it made me feel the best of all!‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文，讲述了作者帮助他人的故事。‎ ‎1．what　介词后接宾语从句，设空处为连接代词，此处表示“从他们所说的话”，故填what。‎ ‎2．to help　此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。‎ ‎3．anxious　该词在系动词be之后且有too修饰，故用形容词anxious。‎ ‎4．whether　此处为宾语从句的连接词，表示“是否”，故用whether。‎ ‎5．meant　此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，所以从句也用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．better　否定词与比较级连用表示最高级的含义。‎ ‎7．but　此处表示转折关系，故用but。‎ ‎8．a　give sb. a hand为固定短语，意为“帮助某人”。‎ ‎9．saying　此处作状语，非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎10．kindness　介词of后应用名词，故填kindness。an act of kindness“善行”。‎ ‎【八】‎ I found one time that helping someone could get you into a lot of trouble.‎ I was in the __1__(nine) grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl __2__(sit) next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. Finally I found that she was trying to ask me __3__ I had an extra pen. She showed me that __4__(her) was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I put it on her desk.‎ Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher __5__(ask) me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was __6__(stand) on your own two __7__(foot) and be responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact __8__ when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think __9__(serious) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me __10__ all those things.‎ Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test.‎ 语篇解读：帮助别人有时会招致麻烦。考试时，“我”为了帮助一位女生，将一支备用的钢笔给她，未料监考老师却认为“我”作弊。‎ ‎1．ninth　根据the和grade可以判断，此处表示那时“我”在九年级，空处表示“第九”，故用ninth。‎ ‎2．sitting　分析该句结构可知，空处修饰前面的名词the girl且两者之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。‎ ‎3．if/whether　根据语境可知，“我”终于明白她在试图问“我”是否有额外的钢笔。空处引导宾语从句，故用if或whether。‎ ‎4．hers　分析该句结构可知，空处充当宾语从句的主语，故用名词性物主代词hers，指代“她的钢笔”。‎ ‎5．asked　根据该句中的were dismissed并结合语境可知，该句叙述的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．to stand　分析该句结构可知，该句中的it作形式主语，故用动词不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎7．feet　根据空处前的two可知，空处应用复数，意为“双脚”，故用feet。‎ ‎8．that　分析该句结构可知，该句为同位语从句，空处后的内容说明名词fact的具体内容，故用that引导同位语从句。‎ ‎9．seriously　根据空处前的think可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。‎ ‎10．about　talk to sb. about sth.为固定搭配，意为“就某事和某人交谈”。‎ ‎【九】‎ China will allow all couples to have two children, __1__(give) up its decadeslong onechild policy, the Communist Party of China (CPC) __2__(announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.‎ The change of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population, according to a communique (公报) __3__(issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.‎ The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法机关) __4__ it comes into force.‎ China’s family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s __5__(control) the rapid __6__(grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples __7__ one child, and as to rural couples, they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl. The policy was later relaxed. Parents __8__ were both only children in their family could have __9__ second child.‎ The onechild policy was __10__(far) loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only child.‎ 语篇解读：十八届五中全会公报宣布，中国全面实施“二孩政策”以应对老龄化，并回顾了中国计划生育政策的历史。‎ ‎1．giving　分析句子结构可知，give与句子主语China之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填giving。‎ ‎2．announced　根据时间状语on Thursday可知，本处应用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．issued　分析句子结构可知，issue与communique之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词issued作定语。‎ ‎4．before　提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准。before“在……之前”。‎ ‎5．to control　中国于20世纪70年代晚期开始实施计划生育政策以控制急剧增长的人口。本处应用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎6．growth　此处表示控制急剧增长的人口，应用名词作宾语，故填growth。‎ ‎7．to　limit ... to ...“限定……到……”是固定搭配。‎ ‎8．who/that　夫妇双方均为独生子女的，还可以再生一个孩子。本处先行词为Parents，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who/that。‎ ‎9．a　序数词前用不定冠词，意为“再，又”。‎ ‎10．further　根据句意“一孩政策进一步放松”可知，本处应用比较级；由于本处不是表距离，而是表事物的程度，故用further。‎ ‎【十】‎ Young people and old people do not always agree with each other. They sometimes have different __1__ (idea) about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York State, the adults and the teenagers live __2__ peace. Each summer, 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone __3__ (work) several hours each day. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the villages. Some learn __4__ (make) furniture and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills. ‎ Everyone has several free hours every day and is __5__ (complete) free on weekends, too. During the free hours some teenagers enjoy photography or __6__ (paint). Others sit around and just talk and sing.‎ It is necessary to make rules __7__ people live together. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. When someone breaks the rules, __8__ group will discuss the problem. They will ask the questions like “Why did it happen？” __9__ “What should we do about it？”‎ After the program, one of the teenagers said, “This program has taught me that I ‎ should stop thinking only about __10__. I began to think about the whole group.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。成人和青少年往往不能和平相处，因为他们在生活、工作和娱乐方面的观点是不一样的。文章主要讲述了纽约州的一个特别节目是如何帮助双方相互理解，从而和睦共处的故事。‎ ‎1．ideas　根据“different”可知，其后名词应用复数形式。故填ideas。‎ ‎2．in　in peace意为“和平地”，是固定短语。故填in。‎ ‎3．works　根据上句语境及“each day”可知，此处用一般现在时；everyone作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填works。‎ ‎4．to make　learn to do sth.意为“学会做某事”。故填to make。‎ ‎5．completely　副词completely修饰形容词“free”，指他们在周末是完全自由的。故填completely。‎ ‎6．painting　enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。故填painting。‎ ‎7．when/if　句意：当(如果)人们要一起生活，那么就有必要制定一些规则。根据句意可知，应填when/if，引导时间状语或条件状语从句。‎ ‎8．the　此处特指第一段提到的这个特别工作小组。故填定冠词the。‎ ‎9．and　由语境可知，此处用来连接两个并列的问题。故填and。‎ ‎10．myself　根据下文“I began to think about the whole group.”可知，节目教会“我”不再只为自己考虑了。故填myself。‎