重庆市第八中学等2020届高三3月月考英语试题 Word版含解析

重庆市第八中学等2020届高三3月月考英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 高 2020 级高三（下）3 月月考英语试题 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. Why did the woman go to Beijing?‎ A. To visit friends. B. To go sightseeing. C. To take a business trip.‎ ‎2. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. At home. B. At a bookstore. C. At a restaurant.‎ ‎3. What is the woman related to Henry?‎ A. His classmate. B. His co-worker. C. His sister.‎ ‎4. What will the woman do next?‎ A. Prepare a meal. B. Pick up Jim. C. Play with her kids.‎ ‎5. What programme does the girl want to watch?‎ A. An Indian film. B. A dance competition. C. A history programme.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What do the speakers decide to do today?‎ A. Watch a movie. B. Go to a park. C. Rest at home.‎ ‎7. Why does the man want to call Tim?‎ A. To invite him to join them.‎ B. To seek some suggestions.‎ C. To ask about his eyes.‎ 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What did the woman have earlier?‎ A. Some coffee. B. A sandwich. C. Some apple juice.‎ ‎9. What does the man say about the chocolate cake?‎ - 28 -‎ A. It is healthy. B. It is cheap. C. It is tasty.‎ 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What greatly encouraged the woman to quit smoking?‎ A. Her love for her daughter.‎ B. Her sufferings from lung cancer.‎ C. Her worry over her mother’s health.‎ ‎11. How old is the woman?‎ A. 20 years old. B. 32 years old. C. 40 years old.‎ ‎12. When did the woman begin to smoke?‎ A. At middle school. B. At high school. C. At college.‎ 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What does the term “brencheese” mean?‎ A. Eating bread and cheese together.‎ B. Buying cheese at the market.‎ C. Cutting cheese into pieces.‎ ‎14. What did the OED do in June, 2018?‎ A. It updated its print version.‎ B. It removed some old words.‎ C. It added new words to Oed. com.‎ ‎15. How long does the OED usually watch usage of a word?‎ A. One year. B. About 4 years. C. Over a decade.‎ ‎16. When did the term “hip-pop” first appear in a US newspaper report?‎ A. In 1985. B. In 1991. C. In 2001.‎ 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What was the speaker’s hourly pay at the store?‎ A. $1. B. 75 cents. C. 30 cents.‎ ‎18. What did the store owner allow the speaker to do?‎ A. Rent a bike for free.‎ B. Bring her son to work.‎ C. Pay the money through a year.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎19. How did the speaker feel after the pennies were counted?‎ A. Delighted. B. Confused. C. Disappointed.‎ ‎20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?‎ A. Special Christmas gifts.‎ B. Her work experiences.‎ C. Her childhood memories.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A If you're not one of the record 1. 9 million British holiday makers who went on a cruise (海上航游) last year, isn't it high time you walked up the gangway?‎ We've rounded up all of the best packages you need to know about, as well as picking out some of our top favourite late deals.‎ US Transatlantic From £629 per-person: Sail 13 nights with stops including Boston, New York. Price is on a full-board basis and includes accommodation as well as on board entertainment and activities. Based on an interior cabin(船舱) but upgrade to Ocean View for an extra £ 177per-person.‎ Cuba from £400 per-person: Sail five nights on board Majesty of the Seas with stops in Havana» Cuba and Mexico. Price is on a full-board basis and includes accommodation as well as onboard entertainment and activities.‎ Portugal, Spain and Italy from £479 per-person：Sail seven nights with stops including Madeira, and Malaga on a full-board basis. Price includes meals, afternoon tea, late-night snacks, luxury en-suite accommodation, all onboard activities and entertainment.‎ European cities from £579 per-person: Sail on board MSC Meraviglia from Barcelona to visit Marseille, Genoa, Civitavecchia, Palermo and Valetta, and make the most of MSC's all-inclusive drinks package including coffees, cocktails, wine, beer, spirits and soft drinks for over 18s. Price is on a cruise only basis with two people sharing a cabin.‎ - 28 -‎ While there are plenty of great late deals available to customers, the cruise industry often has some of its best deals months in advance. Going forward, cruise lines are looking to change the way the booking system works so the prices go up closer to the departure.‎ ‎1. Who is the passage written for?‎ A. sailor. B. A holiday designer.‎ C. An advertiser. D. A potential tourist.‎ ‎2. How much should a couple pay for US Transatlantic Ocean View cabin?‎ A. £1612. B. £1258.‎ C. £806. D. £629.‎ ‎3. Whose price doesn't include entertainment?‎ A. Cuba. B. Portugal, Spain and Italy.‎ C. European cities. D. US Transatlantic.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项游轮旅行活动的情况，包括价格、包含服务等信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段If you're not one of the record 1.9 million British holiday makers who went on a cruise last year, isn't it high time you walked up the gangway?可知如果你不是去年190万英国度假者中的一员，那你是不是该踏上人生旅途了？由此可推知，这篇文章是潜在的游客写的。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中US Transatlantic From £629 per-person(美国横渡大西洋起价629英镑/人)以及Based on an interior cabin but upgrade to Ocean View for an extra £ 177 per-person.可知以室内小屋为基础，但要升级到海景舱，每人需额外支付177英镑。由此可知，一对夫妇应该为美国的跨大西洋海景舱付629+629+177+177=£1612。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Price is on a cruise only basis with two people sharing a cabin.可知价格仅限于两人同住一个船舱的邮轮。分析其他活动详情可知，European cities不包括娱乐。故选C。‎ - 28 -‎ B I was 11 years old when I asked my mom for piano lessons in 2010. We were in the economic decline. She said a polite “no”.‎ That didn’t stop me. I Googled the measurements for a keyboard, drew the keys on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one-keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without touching a real piano. Once my mom saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.‎ I still remember the first one. I was struck by how real the sound of the piano was. I sat my grade one after eight lessons. Once I started secondary school, we couldn’t afford lessons again. I passed grade three, then grade five, practicing only on my piece of paper.‎ One evening, when I was about 13, my mom said she had a surprise for me; it was an electronic keyboard, bought with more borrowed money. It was the first time I’d played for her. She was in shock.‎ My school didn’t offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. But I had to pass a difficult test. Some of the questions involved an evaluation of the composer or when some piece was written. I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a place.‎ At Purcell, I spent two years working as hard as I could. I performed to raise money and saved enough to buy my first piano.‎ When I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize and senior academic music prize. I am now at the Guildhall School in London. I feel proud: it’s been 10 years since I drew my paper piano, and I’m at one of the world’s leading music schools.‎ The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano-what we call mental practice. The paper piano helped arouse my curiosity about how music works, the building blocks that form the pieces.‎ ‎4. Why did the author’s mom buy him lessons at last?‎ A. She was shocked by his first performance.‎ - 28 -‎ B She had no doubt of his talent for piano.‎ C. She realized he meant what he said.‎ D. She suddenly made a fortune.‎ ‎5. Which of the following can best describe the author?‎ A. Honest. B. Determined.‎ C. Humorous. D. Optimistic.‎ ‎6. The underlined word “irony” in the last paragraph shows that the author felt .‎ A. surprised B. proud C. satisfied D. disappointed ‎7. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing this article?‎ A. To introduce the method of mental practice.‎ B. To share how he convinced his mom to buy a piano.‎ C. To describe how costly it is to learn an instrument.‎ D. To encourage people to stick to their dreams.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小时候开始酷爱钢琴，但是因为家庭经济原因，买不起、学不起钢琴，通过自己画钢琴格，自学成才，最后进入了理想音乐学府的故事。告诉人们，如果有梦想，一定要坚持下去。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Once my mom saw that I was serious, she borrowed money and bought me 10 lessons.可知一旦我妈妈发现我是认真的，她就借钱给我买了10节课。由此可知，妈妈是看到作者是真的想要学习，不只是玩玩而已，因此被打动了，所以给他买了10节课。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。结合文章大意可知，作者因为喜欢钢琴，在没有真正的钢琴、付不起钢琴课程的情况下，自己在纸键盘上练习，最后成功进入了世界顶级的音乐学校，因此，可以看出他是个有决心、坚定的人。故选B。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano-what we call mental practice.可知我的很多练习都是在钢琴以外的地方进行的，这就是我们所说的心理练习。作者的许多练习中都没有实物钢琴，只能靠心理练习，这是很令人感到惊讶的事情。故划线单词意思为“惊讶的”。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。结合文意可知，作者在家庭经济不佳情况下，在纸钢琴上进行练习，最后成功进入了世界顶级音乐学校，是想要告诉大家，我们如果有梦想，一定要坚持下去，才会有成功的希望。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们坚持自己的梦想。故选D。‎ C It’s funny how readily we “take the advice of complete strangers” when shopping online. More than 80 percent of Americans say they read online reviews at least some of the time. But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp, businesses have learnt to “making the most of the rating system to the seller’s or the platform’s advantage”, eventually “making the star-rating scale useless”. Even in the case of confirmed reviews, it can be hard to know what the stars mean.‎ Amazon has stepped up the effort to provide transparency said Louise Matsakis in Wired.com. Its “Vine voices” program sends free products for testing to an invite-only community of “trusted reviewers”. Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not “just by the number of reviews a person has but also by how many customers found their feedback to be helpful”. The current No.1 reviewer, a 45-year-old from North Dakota who has posted nearly 2,500 comments since 2002, has owned a bakery in Oregon, worked for a small newspaper, and had a 10-year stretch in the Navy as a nuclear welding inspector. Now he spends his time testing everything from fryers to popcorn makers, though he exceeded its weight limit by 70 pounds.‎ But sellers are still finding ways to deceive prospective buyers, said a reviewer. He said, “I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where sellers openly exchange free products for five-star reviews. I joined four of them and was annoyed with a flurry of private messages from sellers. One offered to pay me $10‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ for a splendid review of what was already ‘one of the highest-ranked iPhone chargers’, with 3,971 five-star reviews and a trusted ‘Amazon choice’ label. When it arrived, the charger broke within minutes. I reached out to Amazon and those thousands of five-star reviews for the charger disappeared.”‎ The product now has 11 reviews and holds a rating of 2.5 stars. But before all those five-star reviews disappeared, how many shoppers spotted this $ 13.99 charger pack on Amazon’s first-page results and fell for the trick?‎ ‎8. What action has Amazon taken to make the star-rating scale useful?‎ A. Provide effectively checked comments for consumers.‎ B. Give priority to the advantage of customers.‎ C. Decide on contributors’ rank by the quantity of reviews.‎ D. Get reliable reviewers to test products before their release.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “deceive” in the third paragraph most probably mean?‎ A. Persuade. B. Instruct.‎ C. Interest. D. Cheat.‎ ‎10. What do we know about the charger seller in the last two paragraphs?‎ A. He convinced buyers to obtain free products.‎ B. He attempted to obtain excellent reviews by purchase.‎ C. He was in hot water and deleted all untrusted reviews.‎ D. He tricked buyers and disappeared from Amazon.‎ ‎11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Efforts of Amazon B. The Application of Rating System C. Not Every Star Shines So Bright D. Don’t Fall for the Trick of Sellers ‎【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 28 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网站上一些卖家通过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级评级系统变得毫无用处。亚马逊对此采取的措施是为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级量表变得有用。然而卖家仍在想方设法欺骗潜在买家。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Its “Vine voices” program sends free products for testing to an invite-only community of “trusted reviewers”. Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not “just by the number of reviews a person has but also by how many customers found their feedback to be helpful”.可知它的“Vine voices”项目将免费的测试产品发送给一个只有邀请的“可信的评论者”社区。亚马逊(Amazon)也开始在每日排行榜上对其前1万名贡献者进行排名，不仅根据“一个人的评论数量，还根据有多少客户认为他们的反馈是有帮助的”。由此可知，亚马逊通过为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级量表变得有用。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where sellers openly exchange free products for five-star reviews.可知我在Facebook上发现了150多个私人群组，卖家可以在这些群组里公开交换免费产品，换取五星好评。由此可知，卖家通过公开交换免费产品，换取五星好评的方法来欺骗买家，故划线单词意思为“欺骗”。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中One offered to pay me $10 for a splendid review of what was already ‘one of the highest-ranked iPhone chargers’, with 3,971 five-star reviews and a trusted ‘Amazon choice’ label. When it arrived, the charger broke within minutes.可知其中一家公司出价10美元，请我给它写一篇精彩的评论，这篇评论已经是“排名最高的iPhone充电器之一”，有3971篇五星级评论，还有一个值得信赖的“亚马逊选择”(Amazon choice)标签。当它到货时，充电器在几分钟内就坏了。由此可知，充电器卖家试图通过购买获得极好的评价。故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp, businesses have learnt to “making the most of the rating system to the seller’s or the platform’s advantage”, eventually “making the star-rating scale - 28 -‎ ‎ useless”.可知但在亚马逊和Yelp等网站上，企业学会了“充分利用卖家或平台的优势来利用评级系统”，最终“让星级评级变得毫无用处”。结合文章主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网站一些企业通过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级评级系统变得毫无用处，故C选项“不是每颗星星都那么明亮”符合文章标题。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that's to say, such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第二小题，根据后文I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where sellers openly exchange free products for five-star reviews.可知我在Facebook上发现了150多个私人群组，卖家可以在这些群组里公开交换免费产品，换取五星好评。由此可知，卖家通过公开交换免费产品，换取五星好评的方法来欺骗买家，故划线单词意思为“欺骗”。故选D。‎ D In the 19th century, an Arab physician known as Zuhr Ibn conducted some animal research to assess the surgical procedures that could be applicable in humans. Since then, animal testing has been considered to be the most efficient way to develop new drugs. New medical treatments and drugs are tested in animals first to determine their effectiveness or safety levels before they are finally tested on humans. However, it remains controversial whether it is morally right or wrong to use animals for medical or commercial experiments.‎ Use of animals for medical purposes is seen to be necessary by many scientists. Researchers usually begin their trials using rats. If the tests are successful,‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ further tests are done on monkeys before using human beings. For testing, such tiered(分层的) rounds are important because it reduces the level of error and any negative side effects. Some argue that animal testing has contributed to many life-saving cures and treatments and there is no adequate alternative to testing on a living, whole-body system. Moreover, there are regulations for animal testing that limit the misuse of animals during research, which serves as evidence that animals are well taken care of and treated well instead of being intentionally harmed.‎ However, some other experts and animal welfare groups have opposed such practice, terming it as inhumane(不人道的) and claiming it should be banned. According to Humane Society International, animals used in experiments are commonly subjected to force feeding, radiation exposure, operations to deliberately cause damage and frightening situations to create depression and anxiety. They also hold the view that animals are very different from human beings and therefore make poor test subjects. Drugs that pass animal tests are not necessarily safe. Animal tests on the arthritis(关节炎) drug Vioxx showed that it would have a protective effect on the hearts of mice, yet the drug went on to cause more than 27,000 heart attacks before being pulled from the market.‎ It’s safe to say that using animals for tests will continue to be debated in many years to come. Despite the benefits of animal testing, some of the animal welfare organizations’ concerns need to be addressed with adequate regulations to ensure that animals are treated humanely.‎ ‎12. Why is animal testing considered necessary?‎ A. Because rats are more similar to humans than monkeys.‎ B. Because other testing alternatives may not replace the need for animals.‎ C. Because animal testing can spare humans any side effect.‎ D. Because animal testing has been in practice since the 19th century.‎ ‎13. What suffering do animals go through during experiments?‎ A. Eating poisonous food.‎ B. Being killed deliberately.‎ C. Breathing in polluted air.‎ - 28 -‎ D. Having unnecessary operations.‎ ‎14. What does the example Vioxx in paragraph 3 tell us?‎ A. Arthritis is hard to cure.‎ B. Some drugs need to be withdrawn from the market.‎ C. Animals can not necessarily produce accurate results.‎ D. A drug should be tested many more times before its release.‎ ‎15. What action will the author probably agree with?‎ A. Experts try hard to determine whether animal tests are harmful.‎ B. The authorities issue a new law to guarantee animal rights during research.‎ C. Scientists reduce the number of animals used in research.‎ D. Relevant organizations show more concern about the animals’ welfare.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章指出动物用于医学或商业实验在道德上是对还是错仍然存在争议，一方面如今其他的检测方法可能无法替代对动物的需求，许多科学家认为把动物用于医疗目的是必要的；而另一方面，一些专家和动物福利组织反对这种做法，他们认为这种做法不人道，应该被禁止。可以肯定地说，在未来的许多年里，使用动物进行试验的争论将继续存在。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Some argue that animal testing has contributed to many life-saving cures and treatments and there is no adequate alternative to testing on a living, whole-body system.可知一些人认为，动物实验已经为许多拯救生命的治疗方法做出了贡献，目前还没有足够的方法来替代活体全身系统的测试。由此可知，动物实验被认为是必要的，因为其他的检测方法可能无法替代对动物的需求。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中According to Humane Society International, animals used in experiments are commonly subjected to force feeding, radiation exposure, operations to deliberately cause damage and frightening situations to create depression and anxiety.可知据国际人道协会称，用于实验的动物通常会遭受强制喂食、辐射暴露、故意造成伤害的手术，以及造成抑郁和焦虑的可怕情况。由此可知，动物在实验中经历了做不必要的手术痛苦。故选D。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Animal tests on the arthritis drug Vioxx showed that it would have a protective effect on the hearts of mice, yet the drug went on to cause more than 27,000 heart attacks before being pulled from the market.可知关节炎药物Vioxx的动物试验显示，它对老鼠的心脏有保护作用，但这种药物在被撤市前导致了逾2.7万例心脏病发作。由此可知，第3段中的例子Vioxx告诉了我们动物不一定能产生准确的结果。故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Despite the benefits of animal testing, some of the animal welfare organizations’ concerns need to be addressed with adequate regulations to ensure that animals are treated humanely.可知尽管动物试验的好处，一些动物福利组织的担忧需要通过适当的法规来解决，以确保动物得到人道对待。由此可推知，作者可能会同意当局颁布了一项新法律以保证研究期间的动物权利。故选B。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When it comes to green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. ___16___They are the witness of the country. And it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down and replace them with greener versions. ___17___What’s more, it would take an average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. ___18___‎ But there is an unavoidable fact that nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering those aged houses. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy- efficient. ___19___Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000.‎ ‎___20___Historic ones like Lincoln's Cottage can be transformed through - 28 -‎ ‎ efficiency upgrades. They can not only help protect property owners from rising power costs; They can save the earth.‎ A. But how to change their conditions?‎ B. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes.‎ C. Some effective measures should be taken by government.‎ D. So some people say that the greenest way is to maintain old ones.‎ E. Fortunately, some relatively simple changes can green older homes.‎ F. Vast energy and resources went into the construction of those houses.‎ G. The main cause is the cracks that expand over time and let outside air in.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。美国现有超过1亿套住房，大量的能源和资源被用于建造这些房屋，而一个节能的新房子所减少的碳排放平均需要65年才能弥补因破坏旧房子而损失的资源。所以有些人说最环保的方法是维护旧的。文章分析了这些老房子不节能的原因以及解决方案。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文When it comes to green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines.可知说到绿色建筑，我们往往会想到新建筑——那种出现在建筑杂志封面上的高科技、太阳能面板的杰作。再结合后文主要在说明美国住房过多的问题，由此可知，本句与上文发生转折，表明与那些高科技的新建筑不同的是，美国目前有超过1亿套住房。后文中they可对应到B选项中100 million existing homes。故B选项“但美国现有超过1亿套住房”符合上下文语境。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文And it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down and replace them with greener versions.可知如果把它们都拆了，换成更环保的，那就太浪费了。由此可知，本句应当说明这些房屋所投入的大量能源和资源，不应当直接拆除换成更环保的。故F选项“大量的能源和资源被用于建造这些房屋”符合上下文语境。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文What’s more, it would take an average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by - 28 -‎ ‎ destroying an old one.可知更重要的是，一个节能的新房子所减少的碳排放平均需要65年才能弥补因破坏旧房子而损失的资源。由此可知，美国目前的住房投入了大量的能源和资源，同时一个节能的新房子需要耗费很长时间才能弥补因破坏旧房子而损失的资源，由此可知，有些人会认为最环保的方法就是维护这些旧的房子。故D选项“所以有些人说最环保的方法是维护旧的”符合上下文语境。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy- efficient.可知除了一些例外，最古老的房子往往是最不节能的。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明老房子不节能的原因。故G选项“主要原因是随着时间的推移，裂缝会扩大，让外面的空气进来”符合上下文语境。故选G。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据后文Historic ones like Lincoln's Cottage can be transformed through efficiency upgrades.可知像林肯小屋这样的历史建筑可以通过提高能效来改造。由此可知，本段是在说明解决对这些旧房子的方案，即通过一些改变来让这些老房子变得更加环保节能，故E选项“幸运的是，一些相对简单的改变就可以绿化老房子”符合上下文语境。故选E。‎ 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ The other day I was shopping at a local store. And then I came upon a lady squatting (蹲) on the floor looking for a certain product on the ___21___shelf. She sprang up when she saw me as if to get out of my ___22___. Apologetically she explained that she was a ____23____at a nearby store and was on her lunch break, ___24___to get a few needed items before her time was up.‎ I told her with a smile, “I am ___25___. Go ahead and do what you need to do.” While she ___26___for a particular brand she said that sometimes customers were ___27___to her at the store and she really ___28___my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely by some people and that those people needed to be more ____29____.‎ It is ___30___for the cashier when people are glaring at them when the cashier ‎ - 28 -‎ is doing the best they know how. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and ___31___what she was saying first hand. Sometimes patients, families, or doctors could be very rude or even ___32___. But I tried to understand why they were feeling that way and let it ___33___.‎ She thanked me for being so nice and ___34___. I told her, “The world would be a ____35____place if we all acted kindly toward each other.” She ___36___and with a big smile she said thank you and walked away.‎ It felt so good that I have helped ___37___someone for even a few seconds. In a brief exchange I ___38___her there are good and kind people in the world and may have promoted her ___39___in humanity. Maybe she would think about that later in the day when someone was treating her ___40___.‎ ‎21. A. top B. long C. bottom D. wooden ‎22. A. way B. sight C. room D. mind ‎23. A. manager B. cashier C. waitress D. shopkeeper ‎24 A. trying B. pretending C. learning D. remembering ‎25. A. on the go B. at a loss C. in no hurry D. out of patience ‎26. A. paid B. waited C. applied D. searched ‎27. A. close B. rude C. nice D. grateful ‎28. A. doubted B. mistook C. deserved D. appreciated ‎29. A. considerate B. patient C. generous D. concerned ‎30. A. pleasant B. stressful C. appropriate D. impossible ‎31. A. recalled B. minded C. understood D. questioned - 28 -‎ ‎32. A. mean B. helpful C. stubborn D. thoughtful ‎33. A. work B. go C. stay D. turn ‎34. A. careful B. lucky C. grateful D. friendly ‎35. A. larger B. quiet C. better D. practical ‎36. A. refused B. relaxed C. jumped D. nodded ‎37. A. comfort B. direct C. rescue D. serve ‎38. A. proved B. showed C. told D. persuaded ‎39. A. doubt B. understanding C. satisfaction D. faith ‎40. A. impatiently B. casually C. unkindly D. seriously ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者在附近小店购物时偶遇了一名做收银员的印度妇女蹲在地板上在货架最底层找某种商品。那位妇女很是抱歉，但是经过作者与她交谈，她感到了被理解，作者也为自己能缓解对方的压力而感到欣慰。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到一位女士蹲在地板上，在底层的架子上寻找某种产品。A. top最高的；B. long长的；C. bottom底部的；D. wooden木制的。结合上文a lady squatting on the floor可知女士蹲在地上是在找架子底部的某种产品。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一看见我就跳了起来，好像要给我让路我似的。A. way道路，方法；B. sight视力；C. room房间；D. mind思维。结合上文She sprang up when she saw me可推知妇女本来在找商品，结果作者来了，女士看到作者就跳起来，是为了给作者让路。短语get out of one’s way“不要挡某人路”。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她抱歉地解释说，她是附近一家商店的收银员，正在午休，想在上班时间之前买一些必需品。A. manager经理；B. cashier收银员；C. waitress女服务员；D. shopkeeper老板。结合后文she said that sometimes customers可推知女士是一名收银员。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抱歉地解释说，她是附近一家商店的收银员，正在午休，想在上班时间之前买一些必需品。A. trying尝试；B. pretending假装；C. learning学习；D. remembering记得。结合后文to get a few needed items before her time was up.可知她试着在上班时间之前买一些必需品。短语try to do sth.“尝试做某事”。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我不着急。A. on the go忙个不停；B. at a loss茫然；C. in no hurry不着急；D. out of patience不耐烦。结合后文Go ahead and do what you need to do.可知作者对女士说自己不赶时间。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她找东西的时候，她说有时候顾客对她很粗鲁，她真的很感谢我的好心。A. paid支付；B. waited等待；C. applied应用；D. searched搜索。此处对应第一段中a lady squatting on the floor looking for可知是指当她找东西时，短语search for“寻找”。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她找东西的时候，她说有时候顾客对她很粗鲁，她真的很感谢我的好心。A. close亲密的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. nice好的；D. grateful感谢的。这句话中空格处单词与句中的kind形成对比关系，且与后文中Sometimes patients or doctors could be very rude.中rude相呼应，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她找东西的时候，她说有时候顾客对她很粗鲁，她真的很感谢我的好心。A. doubted怀疑；B. mistook弄错；C. deserved值得；D. appreciated感谢，欣赏。由下文中的She thanked me可知，这名妇女很感谢作者。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我看到过收银员有时被粗鲁地对待，并且那些人需要更加善解人意。A. considerate体贴的；B. patient耐心的；C. generous大方的；D.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ concerned关心的。由句中cashiers being treated rudely by some people可知收银员受到一些人的粗暴对待的，这些人应该更加善解人意一点。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于收银员来说，当她尽力做得最好的时候，别人还对她怒目而视，是很有压力的。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. stressful紧张的，有压力的；C. appropriate适当的；D. impossible不可能的。由后文when people are glaring at them when the cashier is doing the best they know how.可知别人还对她怒目而视，收银员会感到很有压力。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向她解释说，我是一名退休护士，明白她的意思。A. recalled回想起；B. minded介意；C. understood理解；D. questioned质疑。根据句意作者是一名退休护士，对那位妇女的话很理解，且空格处单词与本段最后一句I tried to understand中的understand呼应。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时病人、家人或医生可能非常粗鲁甚至刻薄。A. mean刻薄的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. stubborn固执的；D. thoughtful体贴的。根据上文could be very rude or even可知此处指有时病人、家人或医生可能非常粗鲁甚至刻薄。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我试着去理解他们为什么会有这种感觉，然后就释然了。A. work工作；B. go离开；C. stay停留；D. turn转弯。根据上文I tried to understand why they were feeling that way可知作者试着去理解这些粗鲁的人的感受，然后就会觉得释然了，短语let it go表示“放下，任它去”。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她感谢我对她这么好，这么友好。A. careful仔细的；B. lucky幸运的；C. grateful感激的；D. friendly友好的。根据上文being so nice and可知作者对女士很友好。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们大家都能善待彼此，世界将会变得更美好。A. larger更大的；B. quiet安静的；C. better更好的；D. practical实际的。结合后文if we all acted kindly toward each - 28 -‎ ‎ other.可知此处指如果我们大家都能善待彼此，世界将会变得更美好。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她点点头，带着灿烂的微笑说了声谢谢，然后走开了。A. refused拒绝；B. relaxed放松；C. jumped跳跃；D. nodded点头。结合后文with a big smile可知女士同意作者的观点，点了点头。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我安慰了一个人几秒钟，感觉很好。A. comfort安慰；B. direct指导；C. rescue营救；D. serve服务。由上文中作者很理解那位女士的话，那位女士也很感激作者，可知，作者的话安慰了这个女士。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次简短的交流中，我向她展示了世界上有很多善良的人，这可能促进了她对人性的信仰。A. proved 证明；B. showed展示；C. told告诉；D. persuaded说服。结合后文there are good and kind people in the world可知通过和作者的这次简短交流，作者向女士展示了世界上有很多善良的人，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次简短的交流中，我向她展示了世界上有很多善良的人，这可能促进了她对人性的信仰。A. doubt怀疑；B. understanding理解；C. satisfaction满足；D. faith信仰。女士曾被不友好地对待，而作者向她展示了世界上有很多善良友好的人，这促进了女士对人性的信仰。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她会在一天的晚些时候，当有人对她不好的时候想到这一点。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. casually随便地；C. unkindly不亲切地；D. seriously认真地。此处对应第二段中cashiers being treated rudely by some people，指有人对女士不好的时候，想到世界上还是有很多善良的人的。故选C。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Tim Hollingsworth, ___41___ well-known American chef, learned to cook at his mother’s side when he was growing up. He would measure ingredients to help her make dinner. He would talk with his mother and taste the food as they ___42___ (cook).‎ He still cooks with his mother, but it is ___43___(differ) now. She struggles ‎ - 28 -‎ with memory ___44___ (lose). She sits with him as he prepares “comfort foods” from her favorite recipes, ones that fill your stomach and warm your heart with happy memories, while ___45___ (fill) a home with a pleasant smell.‎ His mother does not cook anymore. But being present at the cooking ___46___ (help) close the distance that dementia(痴呆) can create. Dementia affects older people's memories. Over time, patients lose their memories, piece by piece. ___47___ (be) with family and doing things together can help. It helps them feel like part of a family or community. It’s not what they eat ___48___the comforting experience of sitting around the table that matters.‎ This year, the Alzheimer's Association has been spreading the word about the ___49___ (connect) power of mealtime through their Around the Table program. "We make memories over good food ____50____ has been made with “thought and love.”‎ ‎【答案】41. a 42. cooked/were cooking ‎ ‎43. different ‎ ‎44. loss 45. filling ‎ ‎46. helps 47. Being ‎ ‎48. but 49. connecting ‎ ‎50. that /which ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Tim Hollingsworth在成长过程中与母亲一起烹饪，后来母亲患了老年痴呆症，他仍和母亲在一起烹饪，这样有助于拉近痴呆症可能造成的距离。重要的不是他们吃什么，而是围坐在桌子旁的舒适体验。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。chef为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且well-known为辅音音素开头的单词故用a。故填a。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：他们会一边烹饪，一边和母亲谈话品尝食物。此处为as引导的时间状语从句，根据上文would talk可知应用一般过去式，或此处理解为过去的某一时刻正在进行的动作用过去进行时，主语为they，谓语动词用复数形式。故填cooked/were cooking。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据上文it is可知此处用形容词different作表语，表示“不同的”。故填different。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：她与失忆作斗争。结合句意表示“失忆，健忘”短语为memory loss。故填loss。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知fill在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语ones构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填filling。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。本句主语为动名词短语being present at the cooking，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句中缺少主语，故应用动名词短语being with family作主语，句首字母要大写。故填Being。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：他们吃什么并不重要，重要的是围坐在餐桌旁的舒适体验。表示“不是……而是……”短语为not…but…，故填but。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词。修饰后文名词power应用形容词connecting，表示“连接的”。故填connecting。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词food，且先行词在从句中做主语，表示食物应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that /which。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：‎ ‎1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。‎ ‎2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 ‎ ‎4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。‎ 如第十小题，此处为定语从句修饰先行词food，且先行词在从句中做主语，表示食物应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that /which。‎ 第四部分写作（共两节,满分35分）‎ 第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）‎ ‎51.假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文。请你修改你同桌写的一下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处增加一个漏字符号（^）,并在其下面写出该单词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。‎ Congratulations on the five anniversary of Global Mirror! I am the regular reader of your newspaper. The reason of which I like it is that it covers both national and international news. By simply turning page, I can learn all important things that had happened during the week. Presented some viewpoints in an objective and humorous way, it deserves the popularity. Therefore, equally attractive are the stories of world-famous people that help me understand which makes them succeed. As a young student, I suggest that Global Mirror would carry articles guiding us in our English learning, and I hope that it will become even popular.‎ ‎【答案】1.five→fifth ‎2.the→a ‎3.of→for ‎4.page→pages ‎5.had→have ‎6.Prevented→Preventing ‎7.Therefore→Moreover/Furthermore ‎8.which→what - 28 -‎ ‎9.去掉 would 或者would→should ‎10.在popular前加more ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者作为《全球镜报》的老读者祝贺《全球镜报》成立五周年，说明了自己喜欢它的原因等情况。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查序数词。句意：祝贺《全球镜报》成立五周年！此处表示“第五周年”应用序数词fifth。故five改为fifth。‎ ‎2.考查冠词。reader为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且regular为辅音音素开头的单词应用a。故the改为a。‎ ‎3.考查介词。句意：我喜欢它的原因是它涵盖了国内和国际新闻。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词reason，且先行词在从句中做原因状语，故应用for which引导定语从句。故of改为for。‎ ‎4.考查名词的数。page为可数名词，此处前面没有冠词故用复数形式。故page改为pages。‎ ‎5.考查动词时态。句意：只需翻页，我就可以了解一周内发生的所有重要事情。此处表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间应用现在完成时，且主语为things，助动词应用have。故had改为have。‎ ‎6.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知prevent在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故Prevented改为Preventing。‎ ‎7.考查连接副词。句意：此外，世界著名人物的故事也同样吸引人，这些故事帮助我了解他们成功的原因。此处表示“此外，而且”应用moreover或furthermore。故Therefore改为Moreover/Furthermore。‎ ‎8.考查连接词。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事情应用what引导。故which改为what。‎ ‎9.考查虚拟语气。句意：作为一名年轻的学生，我建议《环球镜报》刊登指导我们英语学习的文章，我希望它能更受欢迎。suggest表示“建议”时，that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故去掉 would 或者would改为should。‎ ‎10.考查比较级。句意同上。结合句意可知表示“更受欢迎”应用形容词popular - 28 -‎ 比较级。故在popular前加more。‎ ‎【点睛】后接虚拟语气的常见词 ‎1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。‎ 例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.‎ She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.‎ ‎2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：‎ It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.‎ Their decision was that the school remain closed.‎ ‎3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。‎ 如第九小题，考查虚拟语气。句意：作为一名年轻的学生，我建议《环球镜报》刊登指导我们英语学习的文章，我希望它能更受欢迎。suggest表示“建议”时，that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故去掉 would 或者would改为should。‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter写信询问有关武汉新冠状病毒肺炎的情况。请你给Peter写一封回信。内容包括：‎ ‎1.肺炎简况；2.应对措施；3.战胜疫情信心。‎ 开头和结尾已给出。词数100左右.‎ 相关词汇：novel coronavirus pneumonia 新型冠状病毒肺炎（NCP） epidemic 疫情 Dear Peter,‎ Knowing that you are concerned about the situation about NCP in Wuhan. I'd like to tell you something about it.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours ‎ Lihua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ Knowing that you are concerned about the situation about NCP in Wuhan. I’d like to tell you something about it.‎ Since the outbreak of the epidemic in Wuhan in December, 2019, the number of people infected and killed by the disease has been climbing.‎ To decrease the risk of infection to more people, the Wuhan government locked down the city, successfully preventing the virus spreading to other places. Meanwhile, doctors and nurses all over the country flooded to Wuhan, working round the clock to fight against the virus. What’s more, the media keep trying to persuade people to stay home and wear masks when going out. And two hospitals have been built specially for this pneumonia in just 10 days, which shocks the whole world.‎ With all the people working together, we are fully convinced that we can overcome the virus and everything will come back to normal.‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter写信询问有关武汉新冠状病毒肺炎的情况。请你给Peter写一封回信。内容包括：1.肺炎简况；2.应对措施；3.战胜疫情的信心。‎ - 28 -‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：outbreak (爆发)；epidemic (疫情)；the number of (数目)；lock down (封锁)；all over the country (遍及全国)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般过去式。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To decrease the risk of infection to more people, the Wuhan government locked down the city, successfully preventing the virus spreading to other places.非谓语动词的运用；And two hospitals have been built specially for this pneumonia in just 10 days, which shocks the whole world.运用了非谓语动词。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 28 -‎ - 28 -‎