【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空训练11作业

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空训练11作业

专题强化训练(十一)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·陕西省尚德中学教学质量检测)Friendship is indispensable(不可缺少的) to people's life. A man without friends is like an angel without wings, 1.____________ life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. Friendship is the mother of our soul, who will warm her kid if hurt 2.____________(occur). We have many things such as happiness, 3.____________(excite) and bitterness, to share with our friends in life, etc. Thus, it is important 4.____________(maintain) a true friendship.‎ It takes many special qualities to make a friend. Understanding should come first. Only 5.____________ we get a better understanding of each other can we gain 6.____________ authentic and meaningful friendship.‎ It also takes a special kind of love that seems to have no end. Never hesitate to show your kindness to your friend when he/she is 7.____________ trouble. Love is not selfish. Love is such a valuable quality 8.____________(give) by God that we should treasure it all our life.‎ Tolerance is the 9.____________(three) essential part in friendship. We are 10.____________(absolute) different persons. This individual distinction may cause conflict. But just try to tolerate others so that you can maintain your friendship.‎ 语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了友谊是人们生活中不可缺少的部分，并且介绍了交朋友的三个品质：理解、爱和容忍。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考査非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为a man，先行词在从句中作定语修饰名词life，要用关系代词whose，故填whose。‎ ‎[答案]　whose ‎2．[解析]　考査谓语动词 ‎。因if引导的条件状语从句的主语是单数名词hurt，本句话用的是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填occurs。‎ ‎[答案]　occurs ‎3．[解析]　考查名词。由本空格前面的happiness以及后面的bitterness可知，这里应该填excite的名词形式。故填excitement。‎ ‎[答案]　excitement ‎4．[解析]　考查不定式。由It is＋形容词＋to do sth.的结构可知这里填不定式，在此结构中，不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语。故填to maintain。‎ ‎[答案]　to maintain ‎5．[解析]　考查连词。句意：只有当我们更好地相互了解，我们才能获得一份真挚和有意义的友谊。根据句意可知此处需要when“当……的时候”来引导时间状语从句，故填when。‎ ‎[答案]　when ‎6．[解析]　考查冠词。句意：只有当我们更好地相互了解，我们才能获得一份真挚和有意义的友谊。friendship 是抽象名词，抽象名词一般是不可数的，但当它前面有修饰语时其前面可加不定冠词a或者an。又因为authentic是以元音音素开头，所以此处填不定冠词an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎7．[解析]　考査介词。in trouble 意为“在困难中”，为固定搭配。故填in。‎ ‎[答案]　in ‎8．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。本句已经有谓语动词is，故give在此处作非谓语。又由后面的“by God”可知是被动关系，故用过去分词given作后置定语来修饰名词quality，故填given。‎ ‎[答案]　given ‎9．[解析]　考査序数词。根据上文提到交朋友的两个品质：理解和爱，可知此处容忍是第三个品质，所以此处应用three的序数词third，表示“第三个品质”，故填third。‎ ‎[答案]　third ‎10．[解析]　考査副词。此处用于修饰空格后的形容词different，要用副词absolutely来修饰形容词different，故填absolutely。‎ ‎[答案]　absolutely B ‎(2019·四川成都市外国语学校月考)How should you behave when you meet someone 1.____________ the first time? An American shakes your hand 2.____________(firm) while looking you straight in the eye. In many parts of Asia, there is no physical contact at all. In Japan, you should bow, and the 3.____________(much) respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest. In both countries, eye contact 4.____________(avoid) as a sign of respect.‎ In Spain, lunch is often 5.____________ biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. For this reason, many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is a time 6.____________(relax), and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat. In Britain, it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.‎ In most countries, an exchange of business cards 7.____________(be) necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country 8.____________ your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card 9.____________(print) in the local language. In a word, when 10.____________(travel) abroad, we should follow local habits.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯，文章介绍了美国、亚洲、西班牙、墨西哥的一些见面礼节和餐饮习惯，提醒人们要入乡随俗。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查介词短语。句意：当你第一次遇见一个人的时候，你应该如何做？介词短语for the first time在句中作时间状语，这是一个固定搭配。所以要填for。‎ ‎[答案]　for ‎2．[解析]　考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或者整个句子，而形容词通常作表语或定语；本句中使用副词作状语修饰动词短语shake your hand。所以要填firmly。‎ ‎[答案]　firmly ‎3．[解析]　考查固定句式。句意：你想表达的尊敬越多，你应该弯腰越深。固定句式：the＋比较级，the＋比较级；意为“越……就越……”，本句用much的比较级more与deeper呼应，所以要填more。‎ ‎[答案]　more ‎4．[解析]　考查语态。句意：在这两个国家里，为了表示尊敬，要避免眼神接触。本句中eye contact与动词avoid构成被动关系，要使用被动语态。所以要填is avoided。‎ ‎[答案]　is avoided ‎5．[解析]　考查定冠词。句意：在西班牙，午餐是一天中最大的一餐，可能持续两三个小时。在形容词的最高级前面加定冠词the表示特指，所以本句要填the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎6．[解析]　考查不定式。句意：在墨西哥，午餐是放松的时间，很多人在吃饭的时候不谈生意。本句中不定式作定语修饰抽象名词time，类似的结构还有the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”等。所以要填to relax。‎ ‎[答案]　to relax ‎7．[解析]　考查主谓一致。句意：在大部分国家里，相互介绍时交换名片是必须的。本句主语是单数名词an exchange of business cards，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以要填is。‎ ‎[答案]　is ‎8．[解析]　‎ 考查定语从句。句意：如果你要去一个你的母语没有被广泛使用的国家，你可以把名片的反面用当地的语言打印。本题定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词a country，定语从句结构完整，要用关系副词where引导定语从句。所以要填关系副词where。‎ ‎[答案]　where ‎9．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你要去一个你的母语没有被广泛使用的国家，你可以把名片的反面用当地的语言打印。固定结构：get sth. done“让某事被做”；本句中the back side of your card与动词print构成被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。所以要填过去分词printed。‎ ‎[答案]　printed ‎10．[解析]　考查分词作状语。句意：总之，当出国旅行的时候，我们应该遵守当地的风俗。本句主语we与动词travel构成主动关系，用现在分词在句中作时间状语。所以要填现在分词traveling。‎ ‎[答案]　traveling Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2019·山东滨州第二次模拟)In most cases, almost everyone visit a café or friend's house asks for the WiFi password first. The Internet seems have become one of your basic needs. And 60% of the world's population still didn't have Internet access. The situation is even more worse in the least developed countries—only one in 10 people have regular access to the Internet. That's why in the recent survey, many people think of Internet access as a privilege instead of a human right.‎ However, the UN has made it clearly since 2011 that the Internet, that should be accessible to everyone, is a human right.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ In most cases, almost everyone a café or friend's house asks for the WiFi password first. The Internet seems have become one of basic needs. 60% of the world's population still have Internet access. The situation is even worse in the least ‎ developed countries—only one in 10 people regular access to the Internet. That's why in recent survey, many people think of Internet access as a privilege instead of a human right.‎ However, the UN has made it since 2011 that the Internet, should be accessible to everyone, is a human right.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·山西省汾阳市第二高级中学月考)Suppose you're in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.‎ Realisation will probably set in seconds after you've clicked“send”. You freeze in horror and burn with shame.‎ What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to handle.‎ Clicking“send”too soon Don't waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.‎ Writing the wrong time The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don't handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names)．‎ Clicking“reply all”unintentionally You accidentally reveal(透露) to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you'd like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, lighthearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to ‎ something worse, when everyone starts hitting“reply all”to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.‎ Sending an offensive message to its subject The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you're discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们在发送邮件的时候经常会出现一些错误，作者详细说明了四个处理邮件事故的方法。‎ ‎1．After realizing an email accident, you are likely to feel ________.‎ A．curious B．tired C．awful D．funny ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知当人们意识到自己已经错误地发错邮件的时候，人们通常都很非常羞愧，感觉很糟糕。故C项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎2．If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to ________.‎ A．apologise in a serious manner B．tell the receiver to ignore the error C．learn to write the name correctly D．send a short notice to everyone ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“Keep the tone measured: don't handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names)．”可知当我们写错名字的时候一定要很严肃地向对方道歉，不要轻描淡写，因为在某些文化中这是非常严重的错误。故A项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎3．What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your“reply all”email?‎ A．Try offering other choices.‎ B．Avoid further involvement(参与)．‎ C．Meet other staff members.‎ D．Make a lighthearted apology.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.(在这种情况下我们能做的是远离电脑，不要再有其他的动作，让所有人都冷静下来。)”故B项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．Defining email errors.‎ B．Reducing email mistakes.‎ C．Handling email accidents.‎ D．Improving email writing.‎ ‎[解析]　主旨大意题。文章前两段提及了我们在发邮件的时候经常会遇见一些错误情况，第三段“What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to handle.”是一个承上启下的段落，在接下来的四部分中作者详细说明了四个处理邮件事故的方法。C项“Handling email accidents”与文章中心思想一致。‎ ‎[答案]　C  Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2019·西宁市第四高级中学月考)My nephew's 10yearold son came for a visit one hot, July weekend. I persuaded him to ____1____ inside and joined him in a game. After ____2____ for an hour, I suggested that we relax for a while. I ____3____ my favorite recliner(躺椅) to let my neck muscles relax. He had slipped out of the room and I was catching a few enjoyable ____4____ of peace and quiet.‎ ‎“Look，Alice，”he said eagerly as he ____5____ over to the chair where I was sitting.“I found a kite. Could we go outside and ____6____ it？”‎ Glancing out a nearby window, I noticed it was ____7____ outside.“I'm sorry, Tripper.”I said, sad to see his ____8____ eyes.“The wind is not ____9____ today. The kite won't fly.”‎ The ____10____ 10yearold boy replied，“I think it's windy enough. I can get it to fly.”He answered ____11____ he hurried out to the back door.‎ Up and down in the yard he ran, ____12____ the kite attached to a small length of string. He ran back and forth，as hard as his tenyearold legs would carry him, looking back ____13____ at the kite behind. After about ten minutes of unsuccessful determination, he came back in.‎ I asked，“How did it ____14____？”‎ ‎“Fine，”he said, not wanting to admit ____15____.“I got it to fly some”．‎ As he walked past me to return the kite to the closet shelf, I heard him say under his breath，“I guess I'll have to wait for the ____16____.”‎ At that moment I heard another voice speak to my ____17____.“Alice, sometimes you are just like that. You want to do it in your way ____18____ waiting for the wind.”‎ And the voice was right. We usually want to use our own efforts to ____19____ what we want to do. We wait for the wind only after we have done all we can and have exhausted(耗尽) our own ____20____.‎ 语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者的侄子在没有风的时候努力的放风筝，失败后，意识到自己应该等待风的到来。由此引发感想，我们往往会按照自己的意愿行事，而不管条件是否允许。‎ ‎1．A.live B．stay C．study D．lie ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.live“生活”；B.stay“保持；待”；C.study“学习”；D.lie“撒谎”‎ ‎，句意：我说服他待在家里和他玩游戏。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．A.playing B．resting C．challenging D．arguing ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.playing“玩”；B.resting“休息”；C.challenging“挑战”；D.arguing“争论”，从前面的句子：“I persuaded him to ____1____ inside and joined him in a game.”可知是玩了一个小时。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎3．A.cleaned up B．jumped off C．fell into D．cut down ‎[解析]　考查动词词组。A.cleaned up“打扫”；B.jumped off“跳走”；C.fell into“掉进，变成”；D.cut down“砍到，削减”。根据“I ____3____ my favorite recliner(躺椅) to let my neck muscles relax.”可知，我躺在我最喜欢的躺椅上，让我的颈部肌肉放松。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．A.moments B．hours C．times D．periods ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.moments“片刻”；B.hours“小时”；C.times“时代”；D.periods“期间”。根据“He had slipped out of the room and I was catching a few enjoyable ____4____of peace and quiet.”可知，他溜出了房间，我正享受着安静祥和的时光。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎5．A.sent B．ran C．left D．climbed ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.sent“寄派”；B.ran“跑”；C.left“离开”；D.climbed“爬”。根据“‘Look，Alice，’he said eagerly as he ____5____ over to the chair where I was sitting.”可知，“爱丽丝，”他急切地说，他跑到我坐的椅子那里。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎6．A.decorate B．drop C．hang D．fly ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.decorate“装饰”；B.drop“滴落”；C.hang“悬挂”；D.fly“飞行，放飞”，因为看见的是风筝，所以是出去放风筝，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎7．A.hot B．still C．noisy D．fine ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.hot“热的”；B.still“不动的”；C.noisy“嘈杂的”；D.fine“好的”，从后面的“The wind is not ____9____ today. The kite won't fly.”可知外面没有风，是平静的，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎8．A.bright B．disappointed C．dull D．satisfied ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.bright“明亮的”；B.disappointed“失望的”；C.dull“枯燥的”；D.satisfied“满意的”，不能放风筝侄子一定是失望的，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎9．A.staying B．stopping C．going D．blowing ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.staying“停留”；B.stopping“停止”；C.going“去”；D.blowing“吹”。根据“The wind is not ____9____ today. The kite won't fly.”可知，“今天不刮风。风筝飞不起来”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎10．A.clever B．talented C．determined D．fearless ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.clever“聪明的”；B.talented“有才能的”；C.determined“有决心的”；D.fearless“无畏的”，从后面的“I think it's windy enough. I can get it to fly，”可知侄子很有决心，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎11．A.after B．unless C．as D．until ‎[解析]　考查连词。A.after“在……之后”；B.unless“除非”；C.as“一边……一边……，由于”；D.until“直到……为止”。根据“He answered ____11____ he hurried out to the back door.”可知，他一边回答，一边急忙跑到后门去。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎12．A.following B．making C．pulling D．watching ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.following“跟随”；B.making“制造”；C.pulling“拉”；D.watching“观看”。根据“Up and down in the yard he ran, ____12____ the kite attached to a small length of string.”可知，他在院子里跑来跑去，拉着绑在一根细绳子上的风筝。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎13．A.angrily B．nervously C．doubtfully D．hopefully ‎[解析]　考查副词。A.angrily“生气地”；B.nervously“紧张地”；C.doubtfully“怀疑地”；D.hopefully“有希望地”。句意：满怀希望地看着身后的风筝，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎14．A.go B．come C．make D．fly ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.go“去”；B.come“来”；C.make“制造”；D.fly“飞”。根据“I asked，‘How did it ____14____？’”可知，我问：“它是怎么飞的？”故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎15．A.win B．defeat C．mistake D．luck ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.win“胜利”；B.defeat“击败”；C.mistake“错误”；D.luck“幸运”，从后面的“I got it to fly some”可知孩子不想承认被打败，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎16．A.wind B．order C．news D．sunshine ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.wind“风”；B.order“命令”；C.news“消息”；D.sunshine“阳光”，从前面的句子：“The wind is not __9__ today. The kite won't fly.”可知孩子要等风来，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎17．A.heart B．memory C．dream D．world ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.heart“心”；B.memory“记忆”；C.dream“梦想”；D.world“世界”。句意：我听见内心有个声音在说，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎18．A.because of B．instead of C．except for D．as for ‎[解析]　考查词组。A.because of“因为”；B.instead of“代替”；C.except for“除了……以外”；D.as for“至于”。根据“You want to do it in your way ____18____ waiting for the wind.”可知，你想用自己的方式去做，而不是等待风。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎19．A.imagine B．decide C．apply D．accomplish ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.imagine“想象”；B.decide“决定”‎ ‎；C.apply“申请”；D.accomplish“完成”。句意：我们有时想通过自己的努力完成想做的事情，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎20．A.courage B．patience C．strength D．knowledge ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.courage“勇气”； B．patience“耐心”；C.strength“力量，力气”；D.knowledge“知识”。句意：我们的力气都耗尽了，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C