人物传记类中考英语阅读理解

人物传记类中考英语阅读理解

‎ 人物传记类中考英语阅读理解 ‎ 叶邑镇中学九年级英语组 姚胜兰 ‎ A ‎ You may never heard of Ladislao Biro, but you have certainly heard of the pen he invented—the ballpoint pen（圆珠笔）, or biro. Before Biro invented his pen, people wrote with fountain pens. The ink sometimes went out. In the 1930s, Biro was a magazine editor in Budapest in Hungary. He noticed that the inks which the magazine’s printers used dried very quickly. Biro wondered if quick—drying inks could be used in pens. He came up with the idea of a tube（管子）of ink with a free—moving ball on the end. As a person wrote, the ball collected ink from the tube and rolled it on to the paper. The pen would be cheap and could be thrown away when the ink was used up.‎ ‎ Biro began to work on his invention but he soon left Europe for Buenos Aires in Argentina, a country in South America, because of the Second World War. Biro and his brother George, who was a chemist, began to improve the pen. In the early 1940s, Biro began to produce his new pen, the biro. In 1944, he sold his invention to another company, which began to produce the pen for Britain and America.‎ ‎ Biro was pleased that his pen was popular, but he did not get much from his invention. The biro was later sold to the French company, Bic, which now sells twelve million pens a day. Biro sank into obscurity in South America. His name, however, has become famous around the world.‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. Biro is the name of ____________. ‎ ‎   A. a chemist               B. a fountain pen ‎   C. a company               D. a ballpoint pen ‎( ) 47. According to the passage, Biro’s new pen was first produced in _____________.‎ ‎ A. Hungary         B. France       C. Argentina    D. Britain and America ‎( ) 48. Which of the following can be filled in the box to show how Biro invented his new pen?‎ ‎ came up with an idea → worked on his invention → ? → produced his pen ‎ A. improved his pen              B. sold his invention ‎ C. worked as an editor           D. left for South America ‎( ) 49. The underlined part “sank into obscurity”is the closest in meaning to “__________”.‎ ‎ A. was very popular                       B. lost a lot of money ‎ C. lost interest in business              D. was unknown to many people ‎( ) 50. What does the passage mainly tell us about Biro?‎ ‎ A. He was a popular writer. B. He was an important inventor. ‎ ‎ C. He was a famous magazine editor. D. He was a successful businessman.‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—50 DCADB ‎ B ‎ Zheng He, the Columbus of the East, was a Ming dynasty explorer whom the Chinese people are proud of.‎ ‎ He was born in 1371 and, 11 years later, was caught by the army of a rich young man called Zhu Di and made to work for him. Over time the rich man saw that Zheng He was very clever and strong and they became close friends. In 1403 Zhu Di was made the King of China and he asked ‎ Zheng He to join his new government.‎ ‎ The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered many new ships to be built and made Zheng He their leader. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He led seven sea trips to different parts of the world. He certainly traveled to India, Africa and the Middle East. A few people think his ships may have even reached South America and Australia.‎ Each trip lasted between two and four years and it is believed he sailed more than ‎ ‎50 000 km during the years of his travels. With 28 000 men and over 300 ships, such as boats for food, water and even soldiers' horses, Zheng He led a fleet (舰队) whose size would not be equaled by Europeans for over 500 years!‎ ‎ On these trips he brought with him many Chinese goods like silk and medicine to give to foreign kings or to sell for local goods. He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery, foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe.‎ ‎ It is a pity that we may never learn everything about Zheng He's travels. After he died in 1433, the new king, who believed these trips were unlucky and too expensive, had them stopped and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels. It is only in the last 50 years that historians have begun to carefully study the adventures of the great Zheng He.‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎ ( ) 46. Why did the Chinese King want Zheng He to sail to many different countries?‎ ‎ A. To bring new countries under the control of China.‎ ‎ B. To show the world how strong the King was.‎ ‎ C. To receive gifts from the kings of other countries.‎ ‎ D. To discover unusual animals.‎ ‎ ( ) 47. What do we know about Zheng He from the passage?‎ ‎ A. He sailed to all seven continents. B. Each of his trips lasted one year.‎ ‎ C. He died at the age of 62. D. He was a successful businessman.‎ ‎ ( ) 48. Which of the following did Zheng He NOT bring with him from China? ‎ ‎ A. Gold. B. Medicine. C. Animals. D. Silk.‎ ‎ ( ) 49. What happened after Zheng He died?‎ ‎ A. He was forgotten for ever. ‎ ‎ B. His ships were all burned.‎ ‎ C. The new king wrote a book about him.‎ ‎ D. Sea trips to other countries were stopped.‎ ‎ ( ) 50. In what order did the following happen?‎ ‎ a. Zhu Di became the King. ‎ ‎ b. Zheng He was caught by soldiers.‎ ‎ c. The books about Zheng He were all burned.‎ ‎ d. Foreigners were brought to China.‎ ‎ e. Zheng He visited India.‎ ‎ f. New ships were built.‎ ‎ A. e, b, a, f, d, c B. b, a, e, d, c, f C. f, a, b, d, c, e D. b, a, f, e, d, c ‎ 参考答案 46—50 BCADD ‎ ‎ ‎ C Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8th, 1942. He went to school in a small city near London. Although he did well, he was never top of his class. After leaving school, He went first to Oxford University to study physic, then he went to Cambridge University where he studied cosmology. As he himself admits, he didn’t work hard. He was a very lazy student, and did very little work. However, he still got good marks. ‎ It was at the age of 20 that Hawking first noticed something was wrong with him. He started to bump(撞) into things. When he visited his family at Christmas time, his mother was so worried that she made him see a doctor. Hawking was sent to hospital for tests. Finally, the result came back. He had motor neuron disease, an incurable illness which would make him unable to speak, breathe or move without the help of a machine. Doctors said they had no way to help him. He would die before he was 23. ‎ At first, Hawking became very depressed. After a while, he began to see his life in a different way. As he later wrote, “Before my illness was diagnosed(诊断), I had been very bored with life. There had not seemed to be anything worth doing. But after I came out of hospital, I suddenly realized that there were a lot of worthwhile thing I could do.” Hawking married, found a job at Cambridge University, And had three children. He also went on to do some of the most important scientific research. ‎ Today, Hawking still works at Cambridge University as a professor. He strongly believes that his story shows that nobody, however bad their situation is, should lose hope. “Life is not fair.” He once said, “You just have to do the best you can in your own situation.” ‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎ ( )46. When did Hawking first notice something was wrong with him? A. He was sent to hospital for tests. B. His mother made him see a doctor. C. He was twenty. D. He visited his family at Christmas time one year. ( )47. What does the word "incurable" mean in the 2nd passage? A. 可以治愈的 B. 难以确诊的 C. 常见的 D. 无法治愈的 ( )48. What do we know about Hawking from the passage ? A. He is lazy. B. He can walk very well now. C. He doesn't give up hope. D. He loves his family very much. ( )49. In what order did the following happen in the text? a. He married. b. Something was wrong with him. c. He became sad. d. He works at the university. e. He was sent to hospital for tests. f. He had an incurable illness. A. d-a-c-f-b-e B. b-e-c-f-d-a C. e-d-c-f-a-b D. b-e-f-c-a-d ( )50. What is the best title of the passage? A. Life is not fair. B. Professor Stephen Hawking. ‎ ‎ C. A lazy boy. D. Motor Neuron Disease. ‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—50 CDCDB ‎ D ‎ Doctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s, he had become one of the best-loved and most successful children's book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants.‎ In 1954, life magazine published a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children's books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound, like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet, he drew the pictures for most of his books.‎ ‎ In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230 words to write the book and even a six-year-old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960, he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.‎ ‎ In 1984, Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize (普利策奖). He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents.‎ ‎ He died at the age of 87, but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said, "I do not write for children. I write for people. ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. Doctor Seuss learned from the magazine that ____________________.‎ ‎ A. a writer for children was wanted B. many children's books were interesting ‎ C. children wanted to learn to read D. some school children could not read ‎ ‎( ) 47. People like his books because the books _________________________.‎ ‎ A. are cheap and easy to get B. were written in different languages ‎ C. are easy and interesting to read D. were written with invented words ‎( ) 48. He wrote the book The Cat in the Hat at the age of ______.‎ ‎ A. 50 B. 53 C. 56 D. 87‎ ‎( ) 49. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Doctor Seuss wrote Green Eggs and Ham with over 230 words.‎ ‎ B. Doctor Seuss wrote books only for children in the United States.‎ ‎ C. The Cat in the Hat was written only for six-year-old children.‎ ‎ D. His books provided education and enjoyment for Americans.‎ ‎( ) 50. From the text we know that Doctor Seuss __________________________.‎ ‎ A. won a Pulitzer Prize soon after his death ‎ B. sold millions of his books himself worldwide ‎ C. changed American children's way of reading ‎ D. wrote the largest number of books in the world ‎ 参考答案 46—50 DCBDC ‎ E ‎ Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15,1452 in Italy. He is best known as artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa.‎ However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great ‎ inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern day ‎ life.‎ Although Leonardo hated war,he invented many different machines ‎ used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun,which was ‎ produced and used in war many years later.‎ ‎ By watching the way birds fly, Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying. Among his sketched (素描) we can see several objects. We consider them as modern flying machines.‎ ‎ Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of time. He developed ideas for labor-saving machines like cutting machines.‎ ‎ Leonardo was a strange man. He didn't eat any meat, which was unusual in those times. He never published his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror,starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.‎ We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. According to the passage, Leonardo is not only an artist but also __________.‎ ‎ A. an engineer B. an inventor C. a writer D. a musician ‎( ) 47. ____________ was Leonardo's most special inventor. ‎ ‎ A. The mirror writing B. The cutting machine ‎ ‎ C. The machine gun D. The flying machine ‎( ) 48. Leonardo was strange, for example, ___________________________ .‎ ‎ A. he didn't eat any vegetables B. he usually used mirror writing ‎ ‎ C. he liked to publish his discoveries D. he enjoyed drawing flying machines ‎ ‎( ) 49. Leonardo invented some machines to . ‎ ‎ A. stop the war B. help paint pictures ‎ ‎ C. watch the birds D. make good use of time ‎( ) 50. From the passage, we can learn that Leonardo was very . ‎ ‎ A. humorous B. serious C.clever D. lonely ‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—50 BCBDC ‎ F ‎ The Queen Elizabeth and her sister Margaret had very different ‎ ‎ characters : Elizabeth was very serious and tidy; Margaret was outgoing ‎ ‎ and headstrong. But they kept close as sister. When had lessons at home ‎ ‎ with their governess Marion Crawford. Margaret was often naughty. ‎ ‎ Elizabeth always protected her every time when she broke rules. When ‎ ‎ they grew up. Magaret has sad love stories and unhappy marriage. The ‎ ‎ Queen gave her a lot of help.‎ Margaret was one of the few people who could lose their temper with the Queen. Even as an adult, she would sometimes shout at her. Once she threw a disbeloth at Elizabeth's face when they ‎ had a picnic. But they never quarreled for long. To Queen Elizabeth, it was a sadness that her sister never found lasting personal happiness.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. What kind of person was Elizabeth like? She was ____________.‎ ‎ A. outgoing and tidy B. easygoing and headstrong ‎ C. serious and tidy D. serious and headstrong ‎( ) 47. The word "governess" means ________.‎ ‎ A. 服务员 B. 家庭女教师 C. 牧师 D.管家 ‎( ) 48. Who had an unhappy family life according to the story? ‎ ‎ A. Elizabeth. B. Margaret.‎ ‎ C. Marion Crawford. D. Both Elizabeth and Margaret.‎ ‎( ) 49. According to the story, which of the following is not true?‎ ‎ A. The queen and her sister had quite different ‎ B. Elizabeth always protected her sister ‎ C. The sisters often fought each other ‎ D. Elizabeth felt sorry for her sister for her unsuccessful marriage.‎ ‎( ) 50. What is the main idea of the story?‎ ‎ A. Elizabeth was a kind person B. The two sisters lived happily ‎ C. Margaret had sad love stories D. The two sisters had a very good relationship ‎ 参考答案 46—50 CBBCD ‎ G ‎ Frankenstein is one of the world’s most famous horror stories. It’s about a doctor who creates a new man from the body parts of dead people and brings it to life. But the experiment goes wrong and the monster(怪兽) kills the doctor and many others. The story has been read by millions since it was first published and in the last hundred years it has been made into dozens of movies. Many people are surprised to learn its writer was a 19-year-old woman, called Mary Shelley.‎ ‎ Mary was born into a rich London family in August 1797. She was educated by her parents and when she was 13 she decided to become a writer. In 1812, she met the famous writer Percy Shelley and they soon got married. Sadly for Mary, their first child died soon after birth in Italy. In her diary, Mary wrote about a dream: “I dreamt that my little baby came to life again--- that it had only been cold and that we rubbed it before the fire and it lived.”‎ ‎ In 1816, Percy Shelley and 19-year-old Mary visited the poet Lord Byron at his home in Switzerland. Because of the bad weather they stayed indoors reading horror stories. One night, Byron asked everyone to write their own story. Mary thought of her dream and wrote the story Frankenstein.‎ ‎ Frankenstein was published when Mary was 21, and became a huge success. Many people didn’t think a 19-year-old woman could write so well and believed her husband was the real writer.‎ ‎ Although famous, Shelley’s life was full of sadness. Only one of her four children lived and in 1822 her husband died in a swimming accident. Mary was broken-hearted and decided not to marry again. She devoted herself to her child and continued to write until her death in1851.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. What do we know about the story Frankenstein?‎ ‎ A. It was really written by Mary Shelley’s husband.‎ ‎ B. It has been read by millions of people.‎ ‎ C. It was written to remember Shelley’s husband.‎ ‎ D. It is the most famous story in the world.‎ ‎( ) 47. Where was Mary Shelley when she wrote the story Frankenstein?‎ ‎ A. In England. B. In Italy. C. In Switzerland. D. In France.‎ ‎( ) 48. In which order do the following take place?‎ ‎ a. Bad weather made everyone stay indoors reading horror stories.‎ ‎ b. The story Frankenstein was first published.‎ ‎ c. Mary wrote about a dream in her diary.‎ ‎ d. Mary met the famous writer Percy Shelley.‎ ‎ e. Movies based on the story of Frankenstein were made.‎ ‎ A. a, c, b, e, d B. d, c, a, b, e C. c, a, b, d, e D. b, a, d, c, e ‎( ) 49. How old was Mary Shelley when she died?‎ ‎ A. 43. B. 48. C. 51. D. 54.‎ ‎( ) 50. What can we learn about Mary Shelley from this passage?‎ ‎ A. She experienced a lot of sadness in her life.‎ ‎ B. She wasn’t considered a good writer during her life.‎ ‎ C. She was educated at her local school.‎ ‎ D. She became very rich because of the story Frankenstein.‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—50 BCBDA ‎ H where there is a will, there is a way ‎ Nick Vujicic was born, without arms and legs, in 1982 in Melbourne, ‎ ‎ Australia. Nick faced all kinds of problems and troubles in his life. But he ‎ ‎ never gives up. Now Nick has his own speaking company; Attitude ‎ ‎ Is Attitude. And he has traveled around the world to give speeches. He shares ‎ with his audience his audience the importance of vision and dreaming big. He ‎ says attitude is the most powerful tool in the life and failure is just a learning ‎ experience.‎ ‎ Mark Zuckerberg, the boss of Facebook, is only 28. In only 8 years, Zuck ‎ turned his small website into a world famous network. Zuck once wrote to his ‎ workmates, "We don't build services to make money; we make money to build ‎ better services"‎ ‎ Jeremy Lin's excellent performances in basketball courts attracted the eyes of both Americans and Chinese this year. Then what has led this young man to such a success? The following may help us understand it.‎ 1. ‎ Believe in yourself;‎ 2. ‎ Catch the chance when it comes up;‎ 3. ‎ Find the system that works for your style;‎ 4. ‎ People will love you for being yourself;‎ ‎5. Stay humble.‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 51. Attitude Is Attitude is _______.‎ ‎ A. the title of Nick's speech B. Nick's company ‎ C. an international organization D. a machine that can speak ‎( ) 52. Which of the following about Nick is wrong?‎ ‎ A. Nick had no arms or legs when he was born ‎ B. He says people can learn from their failures ‎ C. He tells his audience to dream big and have vision ‎ D. He has never traveled around the world so far ‎( ) 53. Facebook is _______.‎ ‎ A. Zuck's boss B. Zuck's workmate ‎ ‎ C. a popular book D. a world-wide network ‎( ) 54. Attitude Is Attitude is _______.‎ ‎ A. Facebook doesn't build services ‎ B. Facebook doesn't make money ‎ C.offering better services is more important than making money ‎ D. building services doesn't make money ‎( ) 55. From Jeremy Lin's success, we can find ________________.‎ ‎ A. one must have self-confidence B. catching the chance is the most important ‎ C. one must keep the rules all the time D. one should try his best to follow others ‎ ‎ 参考答案 51—55 BDDCA ‎ I ‎ I was quite close to my grandmother, Julia. We lived with her and then she lived with us. She was a very nice person, both kind and patient. She taught me to read and write when I was young and helped me to be interested in stories and poems.‎ ‎ In my mind, my grandmother was a great tailor. She made clothes or toys better than anything you can buy in a shop today. She always made clothes for family and friends.‎ ‎ My grandmother was also a hard worker both at home and at work. I can still remember the difficult time when we were every poor. At that time, my grandmother was already sixty years old but she worked in a hospital for a long time every day － not in the office but doing the cleaning outside and taking care of me at the same time while my mom was at work!‎ ‎ My brother and sisters also love her. We will never forget our grandmother. She is really important in our lives and is always there for all of us in one way or another. I am proud to be her grandson.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. The writer’s grandmother taught him to when he was young.‎ ‎ A. read and write  B. sing and dance  C. draw and sing  D. play and learn ‎( ) 47. His grandmother always made for family and friends.‎ ‎ A. cakes  B. cards  C. meals  D. clothes ‎( ) 48. While his mom was , his grandmother took care of him.‎ ‎ A. at home  B. at work  C. out of work  D. in hospital ‎( ) 49. At the age of 61, his grandmother in a hospital for a long time every day.‎ ‎ A. made fine toys  B. worked in the office ‎ C. did the cleaning  D. stayed with his mother ‎ 参考答案 46—50 ADBC ‎ J ‎ ‎ Beethoven, a famous musician in the world, was born in Germany in 1770.‎ ‎ In his childhood Beethoven didn’t have a happy life. His father was a singer. When he was only four, his father began to force him to practice hour after hour on different musical instruments. If he did not put his heart into it, his father would beat him or make it hard on him.‎ ‎ Beethoven loved music and he learned so fast that he was able to go around to give concerts, when he was only a boy of eleven. At the age of seventeen, he won high praise from Mozart, the great musician at that time.‎ ‎ Beethoven was often poor and ill during his life. After one illness, he suddenly found himself deaf. At that time he was only thirty-one. It was a blow to him indeed.‎ ‎ But he still went on working and writing music pieces. To people’s surprise, some of his best pieces were written after he lost his hearing.‎ ‎ In 1827, leaving more than 300 pieces, the great musician died. But his name is still remembered to this day.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. Beethoven was a ______ musician. A. America B. French C. German D. British ( ) 47. What happened when he was thirty-one? ___________. A. He was blind B. He was deaf ‎ C. He gave concerts D. He won high praise ( ) 48. Why didn’t Beethoven have a happy life in his childhood? ___________. A. Because his family was poor B. Because he had to practice a lot of musical instruments C. Because his father was strict with him D. Both B and C ( ) 49. What did Beethoven do after he lost his hearing? ____________. A. He never gave in B. He stopped writing music pieces ‎ C. He lost his heart D. He went to see a doctor ( ) 50. When were some of his best pieces written? ____________. A. At the age of 11 B. At the age of 17‎ ‎ C. Before he was deaf D. After he became deaf 参考答案 46—50 CBDAD ‎ K ‎ Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father‘s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He was always searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896.‎ ‎ His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. Where was Alfred Nobel born？ He was born in ________.‎ ‎ A. Sweden B. Stockholm C. Russia D. Moscow ‎( ) 47. What did Immanuel Nobel invented during the Crimean War？‎ ‎ A. The engineering industry. B. A strong position.‎ ‎ C. Landmine. D. Study of explosives.‎ ‎( ) 48. Why did Alfred Nobel return to Sweden？Because his father ________.‎ ‎ A. went bankrupt B. was put in prison ‎ C. was ill D. died ‎( ) 49. How many companies did Alfred Nobel build up？ He built up ________ companies in ‎ different countries.‎ ‎ A. 20 B. 40 C. 60 D. 80‎ ‎( ) 50. What was Alfred Nobel always searing for？________.‎ ‎ A. More time and more money B. A meaning to life ‎ C. How to end the war D. The peace between nations ‎ 参考答案 46—50 BCADB ‎ L ‎ Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.‎ ‎ Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors ‎ At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.‎ ‎ But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.‎ What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”‎ As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize a warding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”‎ ‎ No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. What is the text mainly about?‎ ‎ A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.‎ ‎ B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.‎ ‎ C. The process of discovering DNA.‎ ‎ D. The race between two teams of scientists.‎ ‎( ) 47. Watson was angry with Franklin because she ___________.‎ ‎ A. took the lead in the competition B. kept her results from him ‎ C. proved some of his findings wrong D. shared her data with other scientists ‎( ) 48. Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”? A. She developed pictures in dark labs.‎ ‎ B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.‎ ‎ C. Her name was forgotten after her death.‎ ‎ D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.‎ ‎( ) 49. What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick? A. Disapproving. B. Respectful. C. Admiring. D. Doubtful.‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—49 BCDA ‎ M ‎ Napoleon,as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace,is more than once described as having“fat little hands.”Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.”He is said to be “undersized,”with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts—but his choice of facts:other things that could be said of the man are not said.We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman.Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point.‎ ‎ It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character.And it turns out that,as Tolstoy has it,Napoleon is a crazy man.In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace,the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇),who has come with peace terms.Napoleon is very angry:doesn’t he have more army? He,not the Tsar,is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped,“That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!”he shouts.And then,Tolstoy writes,Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room,his fat shoulders moving quickly.”‎ ‎ Still later,after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds,Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner.“He raised his hand to the Russian’s...face,” Tolstoy writes,and “taking him by ‎ the ear pulled it gently...”.To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.“Well,well,why don’t you say anything?”said he,as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself,Napoleon.‎ Tolstoy did his research,but the composition is his own.‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46.Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ____________.‎ ‎ A.far from the historical facts B.based on the Russian history ‎ C.based on his selection of facts D.not related to historical details ‎( ) 47.Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because .‎ ‎ A.he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms ‎ B.the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to accept ‎ C.the Russians stopped his military movement ‎ D.he didn’t have any more army to fight with ‎( ) 48.What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?‎ ‎ A.To walk out of the room in anger. B.To show agreement with him.‎ ‎ C.To say something about the Tsar. D.To express his admiration.‎ ‎( ) 49.Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is .‎ ‎ A.ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests ‎ B.fond of showing off his iron will ‎ C.determined in destroying all of Europe ‎ D.crazy for power and respect ‎( ) 50.What does the last sentence of the passage imply?‎ ‎ A.A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings.‎ ‎ B.A writer may write about a hero in his own way.‎ ‎ C.A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.‎ ‎ D.A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.‎ ‎ 参考答案 46—50 BCBAB ‎ N ‎ Computer programmer David Jones earns $35.000 a year designing new computer games. yet he cannot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card. Instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18. The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job David’s firm releases（推出）two new games for the fast growing computer market each month ‎ But David’s biggest headache is what to do with his money. Even though he earns a lot he cannot drive a car take out a mortgage（抵押贷款）, or get credit cards David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago ,a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs” he said David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week But most of his spare time is spent working.‎ ‎ “Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school “ he said “But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway” David added :”I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility You ‎ never know when the market might disappear.”‎ ‎ 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。‎ ‎( ) 46. In what way is David different from people of his age?‎ ‎ A. He often goes out with friends B. He lives with his mother ‎ C. He has a handsome income D. He graduated with six O-levels ‎( ) 47. What is one of the problems that David is facing now?‎ ‎ A. He has very little spare time B. He will soon lose his job ‎ C. He has no time to learn driving D. He is too young to get a credit card ‎ ‎( ) 48. Why was David able to get the job in the company?‎ ‎ A. He had done well in all his exams ‎ B. He had written some computer programs ‎ C. He was good at playing computer games ‎ D. He had learnt to use computers at school ‎( ) 49. Why did David decide to leave school and start working?‎ ‎ A. He received lots of job offers B. He was eager to help his mother ‎ C. He lost interest in school studies D. He wanted to earn his own living ‎ 参考答案 46—49 CDBC