人教版八下英语Unit7第2课时（A3a-4c）教学课件

人教版八下英语Unit7第2课时（A3a-4c）教学课件

R·八年级下册 Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? Section A 3a-4c achievement (n.) southwestern (adj.) thick (adj.) include (v.) freezing (adj.) condition (n.) Words Review /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ /ˌsaʊθ'westə(r)n/ /θɪk/ /ɪnˈkluːd/ /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ /kənˈdɪʃn/ 成就；成绩 西南（方向）的 厚的；浓的 包括；包含 极冷的；冰冻的 条件；状况 succeed (v.) challenge (v.&n.) achieve (v.) force (n.) nature (n.) ocean (n.) / səkˈsiːd / / ˈtʃælɪndʒ / / əˈtʃiːv / / fɔː(r)s / / ˈneɪtʃə(r) / / ˈ əʊʃn / 成功；实现目标 挑战；考验 达到；完成；成功 力；力量 自然界；大自然 大海；海洋 吸入；吞入（体内） 面对（问题、困难等） 即使；虽然 太平洋 Phrase Review take in in the face of even though=even if the Pacific Ocean southwesternthick include fre e z in g condition 太 平 洋 吸 入 ， 吞 入 a c h ie v e m e n t 飞镖游戏：请将投中单词或短 语反应出中文意思或英文表达。 面对 achieve force n a tu re even though ocean s u c c e e d c h a lle n g e Do you like mountain climbing? Do you know the most popular places to go for it? Look at the title and the picture of the passage. Predict what will be talked about in the passage. Ø People like to climb the Qomolangma. Ø There are many dangers in Qomolangma climbing. Ø … Qomolangma — the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World? One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 厚的；浓的 极冷的；冰冻的 条件；状况 吸入 The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953.The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 面对（困难、问题等） 放弃 实现梦想 短语集锦 take in challenge oneself in the face of give up achieve one’s dream the force of nature 3a Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas. Spirit of climbers Achievements of climbers Facts and dangers Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Fast reading Task 1 Read paragraph 1 and answer the question. Careful reading What might be the dangers of mountain climbing? thick clouds freezing weather conditions heavy snow heavy storms Task 2 Read paragraph 2 and list three achievements. 1. 1953 — Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top. 2. 1960 — the first Chinese team reached the top. 3. 1975 — Junko Tabei from Japan was the first woman to reach the top. Task 3 3c Answer the questions using information from the article. 1. Where are the Himalayas? The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. It is 8,844.43 meters high. 2. How high is Qomolangma? Task 4 3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? Because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams and humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us? 尽管；虽然相当于even if Read paragraphs 1 & 3 and list four comparisons. one of the most popular places the highest and is the most famous stronger than the forces of nature the most dangerous sports Task 5 1. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (1) include “包括；包含”，指整体中包含某个部分。 这个价格包括房子和家具。 _________________ both house and furniture. Language points The price includes Ø include作动词，还可意为“算在内；列在里面”。 请把我算在你们组内。 Please include me in your group. 拓展 Ø included作形容词，无比较等级，位于名词或代 词之后，作后置定语，“包括在内的”。 包括我在内，房间里有4名女生。 There are 4 girls in the room, including me. ？？？？？？？？？ ？？？？？？？？？ —Do his pets ______ the cat? —Yes. He has three pet cats ______ this one. A. include; include B. include; including C. including; including D. including; include (2) freezing 形容词，“极冷的；冰冻的”， = extremely cold freeze 动词， “结冰；(使)冻住” 过去式 过去分词froze frozen 例：水在0℃一下时结冰。 Water freezes below 0℃. (3) condition作名词，“条件；状况”， 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。 常用短语： in good condition 状态好；身体好 out of condition 健康状况不佳 working/living conditions 工作/生活状况 under… conditions 在……情况下 1.别担心，你的车状况良好。 Don’t worry. Your car is __________________. 2. 多亏了政府，穷人的生活条件提高了。 Thanks to the government, the poor’s __________________ have improved. 考一考 in good condition living conditions Confidence is an important _________ (条件) if you want to achieve success. （江苏苏州中考） condition 2. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事。 Ø succeed 不及物动词，意为“实现目标；成功”。 例：他们会成功解决问题的，因为他们从不放弃。 They’ll succeed in working out the problem because they never give up. success n. “成功”， 不可数名词 “成功的人(或事物)”，可数名词。 例：自信是成功的关键。 Self-confidence is the key to success. 这次演出很成功。 The show was a big success. 拓展 3. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. take in 固定短语，意为“吸入；吞入（体内）” 例：呼吸一些新鲜空气对我们有好处。 It’s good for us to take in some fresh air. 动词不定式短语作真正的主语 ～～～～～～ ～～～～～～～ as 引导的时间状语从句 拓展 与 take 相关的其他短语： take up take out take off take down take after take away 开始做；占据 去处 脱掉；起飞 拆除；记下 （外貌或行为）像 拿走；拿开 4. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. achieve“达到；完成；成功”，名词是achievement。 常用短语：achieve success 取得成功 achieve one’s aim/dream 实现目标/梦想 Ø achieve表示“实现”，主要指实现成绩、 目标等，其主语是人。 尽你最大的努力实现你的梦想。 achieve, realize 与 come true辨 析 Try your best to _________________.achieve your dream Ø realize “实现，意识到” 多指意识到某种道理、规律等，主语为人。 入学考试通过了，他的梦想实现了。 He realized his dream when he passed the entrance examination. Ø come true “实现”，多指实现梦想、蓝图、 计划等，主语是要实现的梦想、蓝图、计划等。 例： 他想成为警察的梦想在他的努力下最终实现了。 With his hard work, his dream to be a policeman came true at last. 5. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. (1)除that外，可以引导表语从句的词有because, what, who, whom, whose, when, where等。 表语从句 补充说明 (2) challenge 在此句中作动词，意为“挑战；考验” challenge sb. to (do) sth. 向某人挑战（做）某事 例：迈克向我挑战下国际象棋。 Mike challenged me to a game of chess. 拓展：challenge 作名词（挑战）的常见用法 face a challenge 面临挑战 meet the challenge of … 迎接……的挑战 accept / take up a challenge 接受挑战 mount a challenge 发起挑战 a challenge to 对……的质疑 (3) in the face of 意为“面对（问题、困难等）”。 例：我们应该学会在面对压力时怎样去挑战我们自己。 We should learn how to _________ ourselves _____________ pressure. challenge in the face of force 在此句中作名词，意为“力；力量” the force(s) of 意为“……的力量”。 例：我们用力把门打开了。 We used force to open the door. 6. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. force 作动词，意为“迫使；强迫” force sb. to do sth. “强迫某人做某事” 例：不要强迫他做家务活。 Don’t force him to do chores. 拓展 What’s the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. How high is Qomolangma? It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain. Grammar Focus Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US. 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 u 概述： 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表 达事物的等级差别，即原级、比较级和最高级。 比较级主要用于两者之间作比较。 最高级主要用于三者或三者以上进行比较。 u 规则变化 ①直接加 -er 或 -est tall—_____—______ long—______—______ ②以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加 -r 或 -st ③以“辅音字母+y” 结尾，把y变为i，再加 -er 或- est nice—______—______ heavy—________—________ taller tallest longer longest nicer nicest heavier heaviest ④重读闭音节（末尾只有一个辅音字母） 双写辅音字母再加 -er或 -est ⑤部分双音节词和多音节词 分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级 big—_______—_______ slowly—___________—___________ beautiful—______________—______________ bigger biggest more slowly most slowly more beautiful most beautiful 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less least old older/elder oldest / eldest far farther (更远)/ further (进一步的) farthest / furthest u 不规则变化 （1）在形容词最高级前通常用the，在副词最高 级前可用the，也可省略。 （2）比较级前常用的修饰语有 far，even，a lot， a bit，much等。 u 使用比较等级应注意的几点： 二、大数字的表达与读法 u 1000以上的基数词的表示法： 先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗号（即以 此把数目分为若干段）。 第一个逗号前的数为 thousand（千）； 第二个逗号前的数为 million（百万）； 第三个逗号前的数为 billion（十亿）。 9,883 nine thousand, eight hundred and eighty-three 65,359 sixty-five thousand, three hundred and fifty-nine 265,468 two hundred and sixty-five thousand, four hundred and sixty-eight 60,263,150 sixty million, two hundred and sixty-three thousand, one hundred and fifty 1. 英语没有“万”这个单位，要表示“万”须 借用 thousand，如“一万”用“十个千 （ten thousand）” 表示，“十万”用“百个千 （one hundred thousand）”表示。 2. 在hundred后通常加上连词and。若读数中百位 数为0，则在thousand后加and。 u注意： 1. Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished ____ one. A. the most difficult B. the least difficult C. the less difficult 练一练 2. —Home is _____ place wherever you go. —East or west, home is the best. A. warm B. warmer C. warmest D. the warmest 3. Tea is one of _____ drinks in the world. A. more popular B. the more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 4. The number “23,456” can be read as “____”. A. Twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty-six B. Twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six C. two three thousand and four five six D. two three thousand, four and five six 4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. big much popular long old high 1. The Amazon River is one of the _______ rivers in the world. It’s a little _______ than the Yangtze River. longest longer 2. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _____. It’s one of the most ________ places for serious mountain climbers. 3. No ocean in the world is as ____ as the Pacific Ocean. 4. Although Japan is _____ than Canada, it is _____ smaller. high popular big older much big much popular long old high 4b Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts. Two rivers: ________________ and _________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ the Yangtze River the Amazon River The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze is the longest river in China. The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River. Two cities: _________ and ___________ 1. ___________________________________________. 2. ___________________________________________ ____________________________________ . Shanghai Sydney Shanghai is as modern as Sydney Shanghai is much smaller than Sydney. Sydney is almost 2 times as big as Shanghai Two animals: _____________ and _________ 1. _______________________________. 2. ___________________________________________ _______________________________ . a fish A shark is bigger than a fish. A fish is smaller than a shark. A shark eats more than a fish. a shark 4c Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions. 1. ______________________________________ 2. ______________________________________ 3. ______________________________________ 4. ______________________________________ 5. ______________________________________ What is the highest building in our city? What is the biggest supermarket in our city? Who is the tallest student in our class? Who is the shortest student in our class? Who sings the best in our class? Key words: achievement include freezing condition succeed achieve challenge force Phrases: take in challenge oneself in the face of the power of nature achieve one’s dream even though Sentences: 1. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. 2. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 3. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. He is happy with his _____________ (achieve). 2. The _________ (force) of rainstorm made the windows broken. achievement forces Exercise 3. After she worked hard at it for three hours, she ___________ (successful) in solving the problem. 4. Everyone should drive more carefully in the _________ (freeze) weather. succeeded freezing 1. Fish take ____ oxygen through their gills. A. up B. into C. in D. for 2. There are so ____ toys in the shop that I can’t decide which to buy. A. such B. many C. more D. that 二、单项选择。 3. The policeman showed great bravery ____ danger. A. in the face B. in the front of C. in the face of D. before 4. It is said that it is ____ today as yesterday. Shall we go skating this afternoon? A. the hottest B. as hot C. hottest D. hotter 5. Shanghai is bigger than ____ in Japan. A. any other city B. all the other cities C. any city D. the other cities 6. She looks ____ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older