2021届广东省广州市高三10月阶段训练英语试题（学生版）

2021届广东省广州市高三10月阶段训练英语试题（学生版）

广州市 2021 届高三年级阶段训练 英语 本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在 答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内 的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。 写在本试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A BookWorm Cultural Homestay Program STAY IN THE ASIAN COUNTRY OF YOUR CHOICE FOR 3 MONTHS Our program gives you the chance to improve your Asian language skills (or start learning a new language) as well as discovering more about the country you are visiting. You will live with a local family specially chosen for you based on your shared interests. In return for teaching the family’s children English for around 2 hours each day, you will be given the chance to experience the local language and culture. You will also receive 400 dollars pocket money each month, as well as free plane tickets to and from the country you visit. ABOUT THE PROGRAM TO TAKE PART YOU MUST: Have a current passport Be a senior middle school or university student Be between 16 and 25 years old Have excellent English language skills Be open to other cultures Be interested in Asian culture BOOKWORM WILL GIVE YOU: Free return ticket to the country you choose Local language lessons (6 hours per week) Your own private bedroom with free Internet Pocket money ($400 a month) A local phone card Airport pickup, welcome dinner and 3-day city tour For a full list of participating countries and details about how to apply please visit our website at: www.bookwormasia.org 1. Why would a homestay family probably want to take part in this program? A. They are eager to share their interests. B. They are paid to do so by the company. C. They wish to travel to other countries later. D. They want their own children to learn English. 2. Who CANNOT take part in the program as a homestay visitor? A. Someone who already speaks an Asian language. B. A student that has taken part in the program before. C. A 24-year-old middle school English teacher from Britain. D. A student born in a non-English language speaking country. 3. What will each homestay visitor receive for free as part of the program? A. A mobile phone. B. A return airplane ticket. C. Three restaurant meals a day. D. Citywide bus and train travel. B Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille (盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point. When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille. To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistakes. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterwards, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries. Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle of the day”. “I love this mission,” Lee says. “Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.” 4. How does the writer explain what braille feels like? A. By explaining what braille words look like. B. By describing how blind people read books. C. By asking readers to experience it themselves. D. By giving examples of different braille words. 5. What was Lee’s first reaction to braille? A. She was excited to get a new skill. B. She was amazed at the clever idea. C. She realized she could teach it herself. D. She believed it would be difficult to learn. 6. What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. A discussion to release work stress. B. Something to improve one’s appetite. C. Something to help restore one’s spirit. D. A free ride accompanied with a guide dog. 7. What does Lee think of her job? A. Profitable and hopeful. B. Tiring but meaningful. C. Relaxing and helpful. D. Boring but challenging. C Transportation shapes the world: along with communications, it forms a global net that connects person to person, city to city, and country to country. Transportation routes as well as vehicles are vital to the functioning and spread of every civilization. A country’s economy depends on reliable transportation. Cities spread out along roads, rivers, and rails, so does information. Until the 20th century, these routes were confined to land or water. With the invention of powered flight, the air became an open road as well. The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of transporting goods was carrying loads on their back or head. By 4000 B.C., people were using domesticated animals for transport, a method greatly improved in some parts of the world by the invention of the wheel, probably first developed around 3500 B.C.. Until the 19th century, animals were the engines of land transportation. But with the invention of the steam engine and the internal combustion engine, railroads and automobiles revolutionized travel and trade. More than 600 million cars and trucks travel the world today. Water has always been a fast and efficient mode of travel, and even today it remains a primary mover of heavy goods. The importance of waterways to human civilization can be seen on any map: almost all of the world’s major cities are located on coastlines or rivers. As early as 7000 B.C., people were building canoes; long-distance ships were common by 3000 B.C. Until the 1950s, ships were the chief means of overseas passenger travel. Although the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight by the Wright brothers in 1903. Within ten years, the commercial air transportation business had begun. Since the 20th century, high-speed rail has become another convenient way of travel. Today, two-thirds of the world’s high-speed rail track is in China, which measures nearly 30,000 kms, and this is expected to reach 38,000 kms by 2025. 8. What is the passage mainly about? A. Technological advancements in transport over time. B. The influence of economic activities on transportation. C. The relationship between transportation and information flows. D. Reasons why land and sea transportation routes were important. 9. Why does the writer mention the location of the world’s major cities? A. To encourage more people to move to big cities. B. To explain why boats and ships continue to be irreplaceable. C. To recommend water as a convenient and cheap form of transportation. D. To emphasize the contribution of water transport to human development. 10. What can we learn about air travel? A. Balloons used to be one popular way of air travel. B. The Montgolfier brothers invented powered flight. C. The invention of airplanes helped popularize air travel. D. Air travel became widespread soon after the balloon was invented. 11. What is the total length of high-speed rail track in the world today? A. About 57,000 kms. B. About 45,000 kms. C. About 38,000 kms. D. About 30,000 kms. D It’s late in the evening, time to close the book and turn off the computer. You’re done for the day. What you may not realize, however, is that the learning process actually continues in your dreams. It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the often strange imaginings they generate at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned improves performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular idea that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). What’s more, dreaming may be an essential part of understanding, organizing and retaining what we learn. While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural (神经的) virtual reality. A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to patients suffering from sleepwalking and related conditions. They then videotaped the subjects as they slept. Lying in bed, eyes closed, one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier. This shows that while our bodies are at rest, our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered, then integrating that material into the vast store of what we already know. In a 2010 study, researchers reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze (迷宫) task they had learned showed a 10-fold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task. That study’s chief researcher Herbert Smith suggested that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the probability of dreaming about the material. Think about that as you go to sleep tonight. 12. What happens when one enters a dream state? A. The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake. B. The neural activity of the brain will become intensified. C. The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day. D. The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game. 13. What does the brain do while we are sleeping? A. It replaces old information with new material. B. It processes and absorbs newly acquired information. C. It regroups information and places it in different files. D. It systematizes all the information collected during the day. 14. How can learning be enhanced according to Herbert Smith? A. Staying up late before finally going to bed. B. Having a period of sleep right after studying. C. Having a dream about anything you are interested in. D. Thinking about the chances of dreaming about the material. 15. What is the research discussed in the passage mainly about? A. How study affects people’s dreams. B. Why people learn more after sleeping. C. What time students should study and sleep. D. How dreaming may lead to improved learning outcomes. 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Endangered species An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. ______16______ Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species become endangered. Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. ______17______ Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies. _________18_________ Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species. ________19________ We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’ body parts. Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. They can also provide funding for animal sanctuaries, to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals, which they later release into the wild. ______20______ A. Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B. Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C. Eventually, all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D. Recent changes, however, have helped to improve the situation. E. So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? F. Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G. If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Diego is in front of a group of people. He’s blindfolded, but he can still show these people something___21___, which he calls “the art of___22___”. First, the audience randomly___23___ sixty numbers. After that, a helper reads the___24___ to Diego. Then, after hearing them just a single time, Diego___25___ the numbers in the correct order from memory. He does this first in the order he hears them, then again — backwards! The audience then cheer in disbelief. Diego has a very special kind of memory. He _____26_____, “It’s a kind of memory that is ____27____ to what I experience. It means that every idea I learn, everything I read, becomes a part of me. Normally, a person who doesn’t have this special ability and hasn’t trained their memory ____28____ to just forget things. Not me.” Diego says that with his special___29___, he can remember every ____30____ of every day of his life since he was less than one year old! If there is a memory gene (基因) Diego probably has it, but his genes are only part of the____31____. Since the age of 11, he’s been training his brain to remember more and more. He practices _____32_____, thinking about memory and working on it all the time. He has even ____33____ a whole series of 250 historical books! Diego’s practice and____34____ work shows that a great memory can be made, and not just____35____! 21. A. funny B. creative C. amazing D. reasonable 22. A. life B. memory C. magic D. language 23. A. choose B. say C. hide D. record 24. A. rules B. marks C. numbers D. names 25. A. recognizes B. calculates C. collects D. repeats 26. A. adds B. explains C. inquires D. announces 27. A. connected B. introduced C. familiar D. opposite 28. A. happens B. attempts C. tends D. hates 29. A. dream B. gift C. chance D. plan 30. A. word B. feature C. principle D. detail 31. A. story B. game C. idea D. plot 32. A. cooperatively B. mechanically C. occasionally D. continuously 33. A. written B. memorized C. copied D. translated 34. A. hard B. ordinary C. academic D. original 35. A. imagined B. discovered C. born D. trained 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 The Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of___36___ (it) power, the country’s population doubled. A fast growing economy and strong support___37___ Chinese rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical___38___ (apply). One particular invention from this period made a mark on the world: moveable type (活字印刷术) — that is, individual blocks that could print a single letter and then ___39___(use) again. This technology finally ended up in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters,___40___ most European languages use individual letters that combine into words. Printing texts made up of individual letters___41___ (require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in ____42____ (write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a___43___ (grow) number of people to learn to read. The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass,___44___ changed how sailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts — another Chinese invention — and maps, the compass made sea travel much____45____ (safe). 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是高三学生李华。你感到新作文题型——读后续写(extended writing)很具挑战性。请给外教 Mike 写一封信，咨询他的建议。 内容包括： 1. 写信原因； 2. 题型简介； 3. 你的困难。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Ada! Milk!” Mama called. Milk. It was Ada’s turn to get it. Ada sighed and shut her first-aid book. Her head hurt from reading in the dim morning light, but how else was she going to learn? Ada tied the cow close to a tree. Somewhere down the mountain, some volunteer doctors were teaching medical skills to village nurses. Ada heard Betty drive off hours ago. “She should have taken me with her. She thinks I’m too young, but she’s wrong. I am already 16!” Ada thought. Ada carried the milk back to Mama, then wandered up the road. Roy, a village boy, had gotten a donkey, and some kids had gathered around to see it. Roy was always doing something to get attention. Like now: he was trying to stand on the animal’s bare back. “No wonder they don’t trust kids with anything important”, Ada thought, sighing. She had just turned away when she heard a thud and a few screams. Roy lay on the ground nearby moaning in pain. The donkey stood several meters away. “Roy!” The kids nearby ran towards him. “Get Betty,” one said. Ada shook her head. “Betty’s gone to the city.” The other kids seemed frozen in place. Ada ran to where Roy was lying. She dropped to her knees on the dusty road. “Roy! Can you hear me?” Roy moaned in agony. Ada saw that one of his legs was crooked, bent a little sideways between the knee and the ankle. A broken leg! She remembered what the first-aid book had said about broken legs: if there is no ambulance, straighten the bone before moving the victim. There certainly wouldn’t be any ambulance here. Ada looked back up the road. The other kids were still standing there, watching. “Victor!” Ada called to one of the boys. “Go get Roy’s mama, and find someone with a truck.” She turned to the others. “Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ada then found a strong stick, which she would use to keep his leg straight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Betty came to Ada’s home. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________