【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十四（23页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十四（23页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十四 ‎[一]‎ The world is not coming to an end on December 21, 2012, the US space agency insisted Monday in a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumors fueled by the Internet and a new Hollywood movie.‎ The latest big screen offering from Sony Picture, 2012, arrives in theaters on Friday, with a 200milliondollar production about the end of the world supposedly based on myths (虚构的故事) backed by the Mayan calendar. It is claimed that the end of time will come as a Planet X - or Nibiru - heads toward or collides with the Earth.‎ Some websites accuse NASA of hiding the truth on the planet' s existence, but the US space agency denounced such stories as an "Internet hoax(恶作剧) ". "There is no factual basis for these claims，" NASA said in a question and answer posting on its website. "If such a collision were real, astronomers would have been tracking it for at least the past decade, and it would be visible by now to the naked eye. Obviously, it does not exist. Credible scientists worldwide know of no threat associated with 2012，" it insisted. "After all, our planet has been getting along just well for more than four billion years，" added NASA.‎ There is another planet, Eris, floating in space. But the small planet similar to Pluto will remain safely fixed in the outer solar system and it can come no closer than four billion miles to the Earth, according to NASA.‎ Initial theories set the disaster for May 2003, but when nothing happened the date was moved forward to the winter in 2012 to coincide with the end of a cycle of the ancient Mayan calendar.‎ NASA insisted the Mayan calendar in fact does not end on December 21, 2012, as another period begins immediately afterward.‎ And even if the planets were to line up as some have forecast, the effect on our planet would be "negligible"， NASA said.‎ ‎"And while comets and asteroids (小行星) have always hit the Earth, big hits are very rare，" NASA noted. The last major impact was believed to be 65 million years ago，resulting in the end of dinosaurs.‎ ‎"We have already determined that there are no threatening asteroids as large as the one that killed the dinosaurs，" the space agency said.‎ ‎[语篇解读]好莱坞灾难大片《2012》使网络上盛传的"2012年12月21日为世界末日"这一所谓的玛雅预言再次进入人们的视野。为此，美国宇航局重申，2012年12月21日并不是世界末日，传言中的X星球将与地球相撞也并不属实。‎ ‎1．________played a key role in the spread of the rumors.‎ A. A new book B. The Internet and a new Hollywood movie C. NASA D. An Indian calendar ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中to dispel widespread rumors fueled by the Intermet and a new Hollywood movie可知因特网和一部好莱坞新片对传播世界末日的谣言起到了推波助澜的作用。[答案]B ‎2．The film 2012 is________.‎ A. about the end of the world B. based on the scientific prediction C. well accepted in the science field D. about a romantic love story ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知《2012》这部电影是关于世界末日的。根据文章内容可先排除D项；由第二段中based on myths(虚构的故事)可知B项错误；由宇航局的讲话可推出C项错误。[答案]A ‎3．We can infer that________.‎ A. people didn't take the rumor seriously B. Planet X - or Nibiru does exist C. astronomers have been tracking Planet X for over ten years D. the rumor caused a panic among some people ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据the US space agency insisted Monday in a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumors可知谣言传播之广以至于美国宇航局不得不出来辟谣，由此可见事态严重，故可判断谣言有可能造成了一些人的恐慌。[答案]D ‎4．NASA thinks that Eris________.‎ A. might pose a threat to the Earth B. doesn't pose any threat to the Earth C. is too far away to be visible D. is similar to our planet, where life might exist ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知Eris行星并没有对我们的地球构成威胁。[答案]B ‎5. Which of the following is the best title?‎ A. New Hollywood movie 2012 B. December 21, 2012, NOT the end of the world C. End of the ancient Mayan calendar D. How rumors came into being ‎[解析]主旨大意题。本文主要讲美国宇航局驳斥"2012年12月21日是世界末日"的谣言。故B项为最佳标题。[答案]B ‎[二]‎ Angus MacLeod was fifty and he had spent his entire life as a shepherd in the remote mountainous region of northwest Scotland. He had never owned a radio or television nor had he travelled further than forty kilometres from his birthplace. His knowledge of the world was gained only from his brief trips to the village to sell his sheep and buy food. However, he had lately come to rely on the growing number of hill walkers in the region as sources of international news.‎ In the spring of 1992, a Spanish student came across Angus high in the mountains. Eager to practise his English he engaged Angus in conversation. The student told Angus of the forthcoming Olympic Games in Barcelona. Excited by the student's colourful description of Spain and the Games, Angus decided to attend the event in person and two months later arrived in Barcelona.‎ The ticketless Angus stood outside the stadium with his canny brain working overtime，watching a growing number of individuals entering the stadium through a small entrance at the side. He noticed that they all seemed to be carrying objects. Perhaps they were workmen, he thought. He moved closer and watched.‎ Within minutes a thin young man came along carrying an extremely long pole. He approached the official at the door and said "Pole Vault". The official moved to the side and the man entered. Next came a heavyset man with a spear. Angus wondered how a man could carry such a dangerous weapon in a modern city. The man shouted "Javelin" and was presently admitted. Angus was puzzled. Perhaps they were all connected with security. His puzzlement grew when a huge man appeared with a steel ball in his hand. He shouted "Shot Putt" and walked past the official.‎ It suddenly dawned on Angus that these people were competitors. He opened his programme and sure enough under the heading "events" he saw the three words the men had said. Angus laughed to himself as a plan began to take shape in his mind. First he needed to buy one or two things.‎ An hour later he reappeared dressed in a tracksuit with "Scotland" written across the chest. Over his shoulder he carried a roll of barbed ‎ wire (铁丝网). Smiling to himself he walked up to the official and as casually as he could, shouted, "Fencing！"‎ ‎1. Which was Angus' new way of getting information about the outside world?‎ A. Travelling from his birthplace.‎ B. Listening to radio and watching TV.‎ C. Going to the nearby village to sell sheep.‎ D. Talking to hill-walkers in the region.‎ ‎[答案]D ‎2. What are "Javelin"， "Pole Vault"， "Shot Putt" and "Fencing" in the passage?‎ A. Olympic events.‎ B. Names of competitors.‎ C. Security weapons.‎ D. Names of countries.‎ ‎[答案]A ‎3. From the passage we can learn that________.‎ A. more and more people went to Scotland to practise their English B. the Spanish student's description of his country excited Angus C. Angus had been planning a trip to Barcelona to see the Olympic Games D. Angus became a member of the Scottish Olympic team ‎[答案]B ‎4. From the passage we know that Angus seemed to be________.‎ A. poorly-informed B. intelligent C. strong-minded D. athletic ‎[答案]A ‎5. What do you expect the official would do in the end?‎ A. Help him carry the wire. B. Refuse to let him in.‎ C. Give him a close inspection. D. Lead him to the competition.‎ ‎[三]‎ ‎"Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world". That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of American's exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.‎ In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation's pre-school ‎ children, from every kind of economic(经济的), racial(种族的), and geographical group.‎ Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from "Sesame Street" are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.‎ Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching it. Those who watch it five times a week learn more than occasional(偶然的) viewers. In the US the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.‎ The programs all use songs, stories, jokes, and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relationships. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.‎ Why has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows? Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories(理论) of its creators, the support by the government and private(私人的) businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch it along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on it. But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.‎ ‎1. "Sesame Street" is actually _______.‎ A. a street in the US B. a program for children C. a program for teachers D. a program for students ‎2. Children who often watch the program _______.‎ A. can have problems in school B. will find it a great help C. will take no interest in their studies D. will be well educated ‎3. What is special about the program?‎ A. It offers great fun.‎ B. It makes children feel able to learn.‎ C. It is shown at different hours during the week.‎ D. Children learn and enjoy themselves while watching.‎ ‎4. Why is "Sesame Street" so popular in the world?‎ A. Because it is supported by the government and businesses.‎ B. Because it uses a variety of skillful tricks.‎ C. Because mothers watch it along with their children.‎ D. Because it makes every child watching it feel able to learn.‎ ‎5. The best title for this passage can be _______.‎ A. TV Programs B. Educating Children C. Sesame Street D. A Great Success 本文介绍了电视节目Sesame Street所产生的社会影响及它成功的原因。‎ ‎1. B。细节题。根据文章第2段第1句more than six million children watch the program regularly可推知此题答案为B。‎ ‎2. B。推断题。根据文章第4段第1句Tests have shown that children...have benefited from watching it 可推知此题答案为B。‎ ‎3. D。推断题。根据文章第5段第1句The programs all use songs, stories, jokes, and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relationships可推知此题答案为B。‎ ‎4. D。推断题。根据文章最后一段倒数第2句the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching feel able to learn 可推知此题答案为D。‎ ‎5. C。主旨题。本文主要介绍电视节目Sesame Street 所产生的影响及它成功的原因，所以选C。‎ ‎[四]‎ Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country's fanners are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.‎ Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying ‎ of .America's farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No.1 on a list of "useless" college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.‎ ‎“There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect," Merrigan said. "We know that there aren't enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.‎ In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.‎ ‎“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows," said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. "Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. "‎ The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers' Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.‎ Ryan Best, president of Future Fanners of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21 -year-old Best hopes his message-that this is a new time in agriculture-will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. Never before have we had the innovations ( 创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “there’s really a place for everybody to fit in.”‎ ‎59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?‎ A. Fewer and older farmers. B. Higher fuel prices.‎ C. More natural disasters. D. Lower agricultural output.‎ ‎60.Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?‎ A. To draw federal agriculture officials' attention.‎ B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.‎ C. To clarify a recent blog posting.‎ D. To talk more students into farming careers ‎61. According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because__________.‎ A. the government will cover production costs B. global food supplies will be even lower C. investment in agriculture will be profitable D. America will increase its food export ‎62. What do the underlined words "to turn around the statistics" in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.‎ B. To increase agricultural production.‎ C. To bring down the average age of farmers.‎ D. To invest more in agriculture.‎ 参考答案：59-62:ADCC ‎[五]‎ It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves．Some groups believe Wolves should be killed．Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness (荒野).‎ For KILLING WOLVES In Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, laws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.‎ A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life. When the deer can’t find enough food, they die.‎ If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey ( 猎物) will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology. If we killed more wolves, we would save them and their prey from dying out. We’d also save some farm animals.‎ In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem. They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population.‎ Against Killing Wolves If you had lived long ago, you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today, the stories of the "big bad wolf" will not disappear.‎ But the fact is wolves are afraid of people, and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell. When wolves eat other animals, they usually kill the very young, or the sick and injured. The strongest survive. No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived. That has always been a law of nature.‎ Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves, we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life.‎ The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people. Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human ‎ needs, the wolves can’t always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The "big bad wolf" has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next.‎ ‎60. According to the passage, some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCEPT that .‎ A. there are too many wolves B. they kill large numbers of deer C. they attack cows and chickens for food D. they destroy the wilderness plant life ‎61. Some people are against killing wolves because ‎ A. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wilderness ‎ B. there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness C. there are too many deer in the wilderness D. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people ‎62. According to those against killing wolves, when wolves eat other animals, .‎ A. they never eat strong and healthy ones ‎ B. they always go against the law of nature ‎ C. they might help this kind of animals survive in nature D. they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness ‎63. The last sentence “And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases .‎ A. farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away ‎ B. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them C. wolves will find enough food sources on farms D. people will leave the areas where wolves can live 参考答案：60-63DACB ‎[六]‎ On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking ‎ one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.‎ Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.‎ Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints.‎ Each year, thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the “big five”: elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.‎ Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas. They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事,说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家,人们也非常高兴,并且支持野生动植物保护。‎ ‎1. How did Kasaine track lions?‎ A. By working together with tourists.‎ B. By running after them all the time.‎ C. By going to school every day.‎ D. By studying their paw prints.‎ 答案D解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints(爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.”可推知Kasaine通过研究狮子的脚印追踪狮子,选D项。‎ ‎2. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Maasai people are born animal lovers.‎ B. Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife.‎ C. Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection.‎ D. Small animals are not included in their protection policy.‎ 答案C解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife.If Kenya’s wildlife disappears,so does its second-largest source of income.”可知肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多,选C项。‎ ‎3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. Kenya’s economic development.‎ B. People’s leaving their original homes.‎ C. Kenya’s second-largest income source.‎ D. Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle.‎ 答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas.”可推知“it”指的是人们离开他们最初的家,选B项。‎ ‎4. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Wildlife Protection in Kenya B. Meeting a Dangerous Animal C. Wilson Kasaine’s Wise Choice D. Learning to Live with Lions 答案A解析主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家,人们也非常高兴,并且支持野生动植物保护,选A项。‎ ‎[七]‎ In the basement of a landmark 27-story tower in Stockholm, Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution. He is the chief executive of Plantagon, a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital.‎ He is by no means the first enthusiast for indoor farming ,which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years. Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming.‎ Plantagon’s early promises reflect this new optimism. Petterson calls the farm’s approach “agriculture” :the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.‎ The term may be new, but the concept isn’t. Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such as hydroponics(growing plants ‎ without soil) and aeroponics (in which plants are grown in air over containers).Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil. ‎ Plantagon plans to grow high-value foods in a pumice-like material rather than soil. Water for the plants is measured precisely. It will also dehumidify(除湿) the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero waste. Compared with conventional agriculture, it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops.‎ Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms, which have to create artificial sunlight. Although advances in the efficiency of LED lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years, plants use only about 1 percent of the artificial light produced. This leads to a great waste of energy, most of which disappears as heat. The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above. Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the building’s air conditioners.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述瑞典斯德哥尔摩的Plantagon总裁Petterson如何在摩天大楼地下室中进行都市室内农业革命的事例,介绍了室内农业在世界范围内的普及并分析了室内农业在环保节能方面的积极作用。‎ ‎5.What does Plantagon plan to do in the basement?‎ A. Grow crops. B. Do operations.‎ C. Open a seed company. D. Give lectures about farming.‎ 答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.”可知,而Petterson是Plantagon公司的总裁,而他打算在地下室中种植农作物。‎ ‎6.What does the underlined phrase “The term” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. Aeroponics. B. Hydroponics. C. Monoculture. D. agriculture 答案D解析词义猜测题。该词在段首,它指代的应该是上一段中的内容。上一段中主要介绍了名词“agriculture”的含义。‎ ‎7. What do indoor farms do with energy waste?‎ A. Produce oxygen. B. Run air conditioners.‎ C. Heat offices. D. Create artificial sunlight.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.”可知,地下室的农业设施会把这些浪费了的热量输入到上面办公楼的供暖系统中。‎ ‎8. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. A farming revolution.‎ B. Petterson’s achievement.‎ C. A water-saving farming project.‎ D. An environment-friendly system.‎ 答案A解析主旨大意题。整篇文章作者的写作脉络是:Petterson的室内农业革命的事例→室内农业方式普及→Petterson公司室内农业的独特方式→室内农业方式的可能性→Petterson公司的打算→室内农业的环保和节能。贯穿于文脉中的三个关键词:indoor farming revolution。所以A项最符合这三个关键词表达的意义。‎ ‎[八]‎ Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures. ‎ Despite the celebrations, though, in the U. S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. ‎ It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. ‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital. ”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same, ” says Moran. ‎ Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that ‎ Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music, ” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context, ” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士音乐节, 旨在让人们认识到爵士乐的价值。Moran, 一位爵士乐顾问, 提到虽然现在爵士乐不如以前受欢迎, 但他想进一步探索, 让它继续发扬光大, 与时俱进。‎ ‎1. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day? ‎ A. To remember the birth of jazz. [来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ B. To protect cultural diversity. ‎ C. To encourage people to study music. ‎ D. To recognize the value of jazz. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying voice across cultures可知, UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士音乐节的目的是提高人们对爵士乐以及它的重要性和潜力的认识。‎ ‎2. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? ‎ A. Jazz becoming more accessible. ‎ B. The production of jazz growing faster. ‎ C. Jazz being less popular with the young. ‎ D. The jazz audience becoming larger. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。词义猜测题。that指代第二段中提到的爵士乐观众减少, 不能得到年轻一代的青睐。‎ ‎3. What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz? ‎ A. It will disappear gradually. ‎ B. It remains black and white. ‎ C. It should keep up with the times. ‎ D. It changes every 50 years. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段Moran说的“. . . jazz is not black and white anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital. ”及第五段“The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same”可知, 他认为世界在变, 爵士乐应该与时俱进。‎ ‎4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? ‎ A. Exploring the Future of Jazz B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz C. The Story of a Jazz Musician D. Celebrating the Jazz Day ‎【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段提到了国际爵士音乐节的目的是让人们认识到爵士乐的价值。然后, 根据Moran, 一位爵士乐顾问说的话可知, 他想探索爵士乐的未来, 让它与时俱进, 继续发扬光大。‎ ‎[八]‎ Chinese kungfu is one of the earliest and longest-lasting sports that use both muscle and brain. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline and art. ‎ It is estimated that Chinese kungfu can date back to primitive society. At that time, people used sticks to fight wild beasts. Gradually, they accumulated a great deal of self-defense experience. When the Shang Dynasty began, hunting was considered an important part of kungfu training. ‎ During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, martial arts(武术) evolved to become a kind of dancing. Usually, the dancing of martial arts was used to train soldiers and inspire their morale. At the same time, the skill ‎ and technology of sword making as well as sword ceremonies developed rapidly. ‎ Starting from the Tang Dynasty, a kungfu examination was proposed and introduced. Excellent candidates would receive titles and awards through the examination, largely promoting the development of martial arts. By then, martial arts had evolved to become an art form and an independent genre. Kungfu was gradually introduced to many countries in Southeast Asia. Today, kungfu is honored as the ancestor of kickboxing(跆拳道), karate(空手道) and judo. ‎ The Song and Yuan Dynasties witnessed the climax of kungfu development. The practice of kungfu by civil organizations became more and more popular. People actually made a living as martial arts performers all over the country. Usually their performance was carried out by a single person or two people as a pair. ‎ Chinese kungfu achieved greater development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, a lot of genres came into being and numerous books on martial arts were published. In the Qing Dynasty, the ruling empire banned the practice of martial arts, and the people had to set up various clubs or societies to pass on the skills in secret. ‎ Today, kungfu continues to be practiced by many people for the purpose of keeping fit or improving body image. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了中国功夫的起源和发展的过程。‎ ‎1. According to the text, ________was an important part of the development of kungfu in ancient times.  ‎ A. hunting B. dancing C. singing D. fighting ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段When the Shang Dynasty began, hunting was considered an important part of kungfu training. 可知在商朝的时候, 打猎被认为是功夫训练的一个重要部分。故选A。‎ ‎2. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, kungfu was used to ________. ‎ A. promote the national economy B. keep healthy and improve body image C. train soldiers and inspire their morale D. fight big wild animals ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段the dancing of martial arts was used to train soldiers and inspire their morale. 可知武术被用来训练士兵和鼓舞他们的士气。故选C。‎ ‎3. What can we learn from the text? ‎ A. The production of swords reached the highest point during the Tang Dynasty. ‎ B. Kungfu was performed by many people during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. ‎ C. Kungfu has had a great impact on many activities in Southeast Asia. ‎ D. The Tang dynasty witnessed the climax of kungfu development. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段Today, kungfu is honored as the ancestor of kickboxing, karate and judo. 可知中国功夫尊为跆拳道、空手道和柔道的祖先。中国功夫对东南亚国家有较大的影响。故选C。‎ ‎4. How did kungfu evolve in the Ming Dynasty? ‎ A. The emperor set up many organizations to promote kungfu. ‎ B. Various genres appeared and books were published about kungfu. ‎ C. Kungfu became the only performance at court parties. ‎ D. People made a living as kungfu performers all over the country. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段a lot of genres came into being and numerous books on martial arts were published. 可知许多种类的武术开始形成, 大量的关于武术的书籍面世了。故选B。‎ ‎[九]‎ Early excitement about the next generation of the iPhone is building months ahead of an expected autumn debut(问世)— Analysts expect Apple to release three iPhones this year, but the one getting the most ‎ attention is a rumored super-premium model to celebrate the iPhone’s tenth anniversary. And, for that phone, Apple is expected to change the type of screen the iPhone uses. ‎ Here’s a quick look at what you need to know about what it means if Apple switches from its current liquid crystal display(LCD) screens to a type of organic light-emitting diode(OLED) screen called AMOLED. ‎ The essential difference between an LCD screen and an AMOLED one is the presence of a backlight. Thanks to that difference, AMOLED screens can be very thin, which means you can make thinner products. They also provide more vivid colors which is a reason that television makers have been pushing OLED in its various forms for their big screens. AMOLED screens, in particular, boast(夸口)even greater control over each individual pixel(像素) which means better contrast for the viewer. These screens can also improve battery life because there’s no backlight! AMOLED screens can be more energy-efficient when the user is viewing darker subjects, allowing the phone to shut off pixels and stop drawing power. ‎ So why hasn’t Apple switched to AMOLED yet? After all, Apple competitors such as Samsung and LG already have these screens on their smartphones. ‎ AMOLED screens are not cheap to produce. It’s also not so easy to make the complex AMOLED screens, which could explain why most Apple fans expect that only the highest-end phone will have the new screen. ‎ And then there’s the cost. The switch to AMOLED has also been cited as a reason that the price of the high-end iPhone may jump above the $1, 000. Beauty, even in a mass-produced world, does not come cheap. Still, the expense may be worth it, especially as people shoot more photos and videos.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。分析家预计, 苹果今年将推三款新手机, 但最受关注的是传闻的超级高端机型, 以庆祝iPhone十周年。本文主要介绍了这款超级高端机型将使用的屏幕与以往的LED屏幕的不同之处及其优点。‎ ‎1. According to the passage, when will the iPhone’s tenth anniversary most probably be held? ‎ A. In June. B. In March. ‎ C. In November. D. In January. [来源:学科网]‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中的an expected autumn debut和to celebrate the iPhone’s tenth anniversary可以推断, iPhone的十周年纪念日是在秋天, 故选C。‎ ‎2. According to most Apple fans, AMOLED screens will only be used on ________this year.  ‎ A. the cheapest iPhones B. the most massive iPhones C. the highest iPhones D. the most expensive iPhones ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的which could explain why most Apple fans expect that only the highest- end phone will have the new screen. 可知, 苹果粉丝希望这种新型屏只用在最高端的机型上, 由常识可知最高端的机型通常也是最贵的。故选D。‎ ‎3. What does the underlined sentence indicate? ‎ A. It is very expensive to become beautiful. [来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ B. Everything has a price. ‎ C. The more you pay, the more beautiful you will become. ‎ D. Practice more, and you will become better. [来源:学科网XK]‎ ‎【解析】选B。句意理解题。此处不单纯指美丽与价格的关系, 更有可能是指先进, 功能强大等词, 因此不能把理解固化为美丽与价格, B项任何事情都需付出代价, 符合题意。‎ ‎4. What’s the author’s attitude towards the expected iPhone? [来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]‎ A. Negative. B. Critical. ‎ C. Positive. D. Uninterested. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。作者态度题。根据文章最后一段内容可知, 作者 认为尽管这款超高端机的费用非常高, 但是用户能得到更好的拍照和摄像体验, 因此是值得的。由此可以看出, 作者对于这款 iPhone 持积极态度。故选C。‎ ‎[十]‎ Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1, 400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. ‎ Around 100 people have already put down a $10, 000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279, 000. And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway. ‎ Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. ‎ Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了一款新发明的飞车, 并说明了它的现状与未来的发展前景。‎ ‎1. What is the first paragraph mainly about? ‎ A. The basic data of the Transition. ‎ B. The advantages of flying cars. ‎ C. The potential market for flying cars. ‎ D. The designers of the Transition. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段告诉我们Terrafugia声称它研制的飞车试飞成功, 飞车的名字为the Transition。所以第一段主要介绍了the Transition的情况。故选A。‎ ‎2. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways? ‎ A. It causes traffic jams. ‎ B. It is difficult to operate. ‎ C. It is very expensive. ‎ D. It burns too much fuel. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279, 000. And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway. 可知, 这款飞车的造价很高, 它需要一个跑道, 如果它遇到交通堵塞也飞不起来。由此可知C项更符合。‎ ‎3. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car? ‎ A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据第三段的The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 可知, 政府对研制飞车持支持的态度。A. 谨慎的; B. 支持的; C. 模棱两可的; D. 反对的。故选B。‎ ‎4. What is the best title for the text? ‎ A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s First Flight C. Pilots’ Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎【解析】选D。主旨大意题。飞车试飞成功, 已经有大约100人预订了飞车, 飞车即将成为现实。故选D。‎