【英语】2018届二轮复习形容词和副词学案（5页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习形容词和副词学案（5页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 形容词和副词 形容词和副词是历年高考的必考点，是考生做好英语语法填空题和短文改错题必须要掌握的知识。形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词，表示事物或人的性质和特征。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至是句子。高考对形容词和副词的考查主要体现在以下几方面：1.形容词和副词的基本用法，主要涉及名词、形容词、副词之间的词性转化；2.形容词和副词比较等级的用法；3.易混淆的形容词和副词的用法。‎ ‎(一)语法填空常考点 形容词和副词的比较等级 典题感悟(考什么、怎么考)‎ 谨记规律(为什么、怎么办)‎ ‎①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater (great) and less importance.‎ ‎②(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner (clean) than ever.‎ ‎③(2014·辽宁高考)The harder (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you 比较级常考查的四种情况：‎ ‎(1)句中含有“than ...”结构用比较级。‎ ‎(2)句中虽然没有“than ...”结构，但暗含比较的意味，也用比较级。‎ ‎(3)表示“越……就越……”用“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级．..”结构。‎ ‎(4)常放在比较级前面用来修饰比较级的词和短语有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal 及数字、倍数等。‎ ‎ will get hit.He controls you！‎ ‎④(2014·广东高考)After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months earlier (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.‎ ‎⑤I can hardly believe that Betty can speak Chinese as fluently (fluent) as we do.‎ 平级比较的两个基本句式：‎ ‎(1)as＋形容词(副词)原级＋as ...“和……一样”。‎ not as/so＋形容词(副词)原级＋as ...“不如……”。‎ ‎(2)as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋n.＋as ...“和……一样”。‎ ‎⑥How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better (good) voice.‎ 否定词no, not, never等与比较级连用可表示最高级意义。‎ ‎⑦I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest (great) difficulty on our way to success is our fear, overcome it and we will be able to 最高级的一个基本结构：‎ 表达在某个范围内“最……”，使用“the＋最高级＋比较范围”结构。‎ ‎ achieve our goals.‎ ‎(二)短文改错常考点 典题感悟(考什么、怎么考)‎ 我来改正 常设错点(为什么、怎么办)‎ ‎①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life.‎ ‎②(2016·四川高考)The dishes that I cooked were Mom’s favoritest.‎ ‎③(2015·陕西高考)My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help.‎ ‎①worse→worst ‎②favoritest→Favorite ‎③better→best 比较等级的错用 ‎(1)比较级与最高级的错用。表示二者比较用比较级；表示三者或三者以上比较用最高级 ‎(2)原级与比较级的错用。若句中有than或暗含比较意味用比较级，若没有比较意味或表示同等程度的比较则用原级 ‎(3)没有比较等级的形容词和副词 absolute(ly)绝对的(地)　　entire(ly)完全的(地)‎ complete(ly)完整的(地) thorough(ly)彻底的(地)‎ perfect(ly)完美的(地) favorite最喜欢的 ‎④(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)I remember my grandfather very much.‎ ‎④much→clearly/well 意近引起的错用 有些形容词或副词意思相近但不能混用，例如，表示记得很“清楚”，应用clearly/well，而不能用much。‎ ‎⑤(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)However, my parents didn’t seem to think such.‎ ‎⑥(2016·浙江高考)When I was a very young child, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.‎ ‎⑦(2014·辽宁高考)Beside, Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.‎ ‎⑧(2013·四川高考)I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.‎ ‎⑨The industry of France was not yet high developed at that time.‎ ‎⑤such→so ‎⑥late→later ‎⑦Beside→Besides ‎⑧hardly→hard ‎⑨high→highly 形近引起的错用 ‎(1)such与so：so是副词，可以放在形容词或副词之前作状语； such是代词或限定词，可用来修饰名词，作定语。‎ ‎(2)late, later, lately：‎ late adj.迟到，近深夜的　adv.迟，晚 later(也是late的比较级)adj.后来的，以后的 adv.后来，以后 lately adv.(＝recently)最近，近来 ‎(3)besides与beside：besides作介词，后应接宾语，表示“除……之外(还)”；作副词，表示与上文的递进关系，意为“此外”；beside只能作介词，意为“在旁边(或附近)”。‎ ‎(4)意义有别的同根副词 close靠近(通常指距离)closely密切地，仔细地 hard努力地，费力地 ‎ ‎ hardly几乎不 ‎(5)表示宽、高、深的副词都有两种形式，以ly结尾的表示抽象意义，与形容词同形的表示具体意义。‎ wide宽地　　　widely广泛地　　　high高地 highly高度地 deep深地 deeply深深地 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎[形容词和副词的比较等级专练]‎ ‎1．I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time — there are more_meaningful_(meaningful) things to do.‎ ‎2．—Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?‎ ‎—Not at all. I can’t have a worse_(bad) one.‎ ‎3．Of the two boys, Jim is the younger (young) one, and he is also the one who loves to be noisy.‎ ‎4．Oh, it must have been Dad. I’m sure he was in the kitchen earlier (early)．‎ ‎5．At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be better (good) if someone offered to help them.‎ ‎6．On our way home, the journey was much easier (easy) than before as everyone else fell fast asleep. So, I just took my time and ‎ enjoyed the drive.‎ ‎7．The more I thought about it, the worse (bad) my mood became.‎ ‎8．I sought for it only when I needed it. It occurred to me that I should have paid more (much) attention to it.‎ ‎9．Keeping a diary in English is one of the most_effective (effective) ways to improve our English writing ability.‎ ‎10．Shortly after that birthday, however, life gave her the toughest (tough) challenge of all as age and illness started to take her mind from her too.‎ ‎11．The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around. When she came closer (close) to us I could see that she was crying.‎ ‎12．You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit more_slowly (slowly)?‎ ‎13．Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large (large) as that of theirs.‎ ‎14．One of the worst (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.‎ ‎15．Four fifths of the people on the Net believe China’s economy is among the strongest (strong) in the world.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Your story is wonderful; I’ve never heard a good one ‎ before.good→better ‎2．I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.little→less ‎3．To make matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie.bad→worse ‎4．Well, I like much more than one, such as painting and model making, but my favorite is dancing.去掉much ‎5．In some places you may borrow as more books as you need, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books.more→many