【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练10篇之三学案（含有解析）（12页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练10篇之三学案（含有解析）（12页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空专题训练10篇之三 ‎【1】‎ World Book Day __1__(fall) on April 23 every year.It was set up by the UNESCO(联合国教科文组织)in 1955 to encourage people to discover the pleasure of reading.It means you read a book not because your teachers or parents tell you to do so.“__2__(read) for pleasure” plays a more important role in one’s __3__(grow) than one’s family background.‎ Books，magazines，newspapers and other kinds of materials can help us know more about the outside world and perfect us.__4__，computer games，online videos and Internet are pushing books off the shelf.Some experts believe it’s a __5__(worry) trend.Each Chinese read 0.38 more books in 2013 than 2012 but still far fewer than those in major developed countries.Even worse，many bookstores have __6__(close) their doors because many book lovers start to buy __7__(few) books than before.‎ However，many people do still prefer reading because it has __8__(be) part of their life.It can benefit people in many ways.It gives us information about other countries and places of the world.It __9__ has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent.It’s __10__ too late to start reading.So jump into the wonderful world of books now!‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　 每年的4月23号是世界读书日。读书在每个人的成长中都起着重要的作用。然而，网络世界使人们买书、读书的机会少了。但是很多人还是喜欢读书，因为它已经成为生活中的一部分。‎ ‎1．falls　[考查动词时态。根据句中every year可知句子时态应用一般现在时，又根据句子主语知谓语用第三人称单数。]‎ ‎2．Reading　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知句子缺少主语，故用动名词作主语。]‎ ‎3．growth　[考查名词。物主代词后应该跟名词，故答案为growth。]‎ ‎4．However　[考查副词。前后句为转折关系，故用However。]‎ ‎5．worrying　[考查非谓语动词。修饰名词应用形容词形式。worrying意为“令人担心的，令人担忧的”。]‎ ‎6．have closed　[考查谓语。句意：更糟糕的是，很多书店已经关门了，因为很多爱读书的人买书比以前少了。由句意知时态应用现在完成时。故用have closed。]‎ ‎7．fewer　[考查比较级。根据上题解析可知应用few的比较级fewer。]‎ ‎8．has been　[考查谓语。句意：很多人还是喜欢读书，因为它已经成为生活中的一部分。由句意可知应用现在完成时，故答案为has been。]‎ ‎9．also　[考查副词。句意：读书能够让我们知道世界各地的信息，它也对我们人格的形成有一定的影响，能够让我们更聪明。故用副词also。]‎ ‎10．never　[考查副词。It is never too late to...是一固定句型，意为“……永远不会太晚”。]‎ ‎【2】‎ According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools.Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also __1__(express) their great concern about it.Experts hope __2__ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.‎ Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，which __3__(call) for our great concern.We should make every effort __4__(prevent) school violence happening at school，for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal __5__(safe) could not be guaranteed.In fact，violence can be ‎ learned.__6__(actual)，children learn violence behavior from adults or from __7__ they see on television or on the Internet.‎ If I meet with school violence，I will not answer violence with violence，for it will result in __8__(much) fighting.I will tell my teachers or parents about it.I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.‎ All in all，we students should behave __9__(we) and keep away __10__ violence.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。‎ ‎1．expressed　[考查时态。根据该句中的“showed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填expressed。]‎ ‎2．the　[考查冠词。the whole society意为“全社会”，为固定用法，故填the。]‎ ‎3．calls　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which指代“a phenomenon”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填calls。]‎ ‎4．to prevent　[考查动词不定式。我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。make every effort to do sth 为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式作宾补。]‎ ‎5．safety　[考查名词。根据空处前的“their personal”可知，空处应填名词safety。]‎ ‎6．Actually　[考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词Actually。]‎ ‎7．what　[考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用what。]‎ ‎8．more　[考查比较级。句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。]‎ ‎9．ourselves　[考查反身代词。behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点”；根据主语“we”可知，空处应用反身代词ourselves。]‎ ‎10．from　[考查介词。keep away from为固定搭配，意为“远离”。]‎ ‎【3】‎ Imagine life as a game in which you are playing some five balls in the air.You name __1__(they)—work，family，health，friends and spirit，and you’re keeping all these balls in the air.‎ You understand that work is a rubber ball.If you drop it，it will bounce back.But the other four balls are made of glass.If you drop one of them，it will be scuffed(磨损)，damaged or even broken into __2__(piece)．They will never be the same.You must understand the balance in your life.How?‎ Don’t compare yourself with others.It is because we are different and each of us __3__(be) special.Don’t set your goals by what other people consider important.Only you know __4__ is best for you.Don’t give __5__ when you still have something to give.Nothing is really over until the moment you stop __6__(try)．Knowledge is weightless，__7__ treasure you can always carry __8__(easy)．Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been，where you are，but also where you __9__(go)．‎ Life is not a race，but a journey to __10__(enjoy) slowly each step of the way.Yesterday is history，tomorrow is a mystery，and today is a gift.That’s why we call it—the present.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　文章旨在说明：生活中我们一定要处理好工作、家庭、健康、朋友和精神这五者之间的平衡关系。‎ ‎1．them　[考查代词。name是叫……名字，是个动词，后面用宾格形式。]‎ ‎2．pieces　[考查名词复数。如果你扔掉他们其中的一个，就会碎成片。]‎ ‎3．is　[考查主谓一致。句意：因为我们是独一无二的，每个人都是特别的。each of us作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。]‎ ‎4．what　[考查宾语从句。句意：只有你知道什么对你来说是最好的。]‎ ‎5．up　[考查动词短语。give up放弃。]‎ ‎6．trying　[考查v.－ing形式作宾语。stop doing停止做某事。]‎ ‎7．a　[考查冠词。句意：知识是无形的，一种可以随身携带的财富。表示泛指。]‎ ‎8．easily　[考查副词。easily用来修饰carry。]‎ ‎9．are going/are to go/will go　[考查动词的时态。句意：不要让生活过得如何快，这样你就忘记你去过哪，你在哪和你将要去哪。]‎ ‎10．be enjoyed　[考查非谓语动词。句意：生活不是一场比赛，而是慢慢享受的旅行。]‎ ‎【4】‎ Starting a new school term is always exciting.It is a chance __1__(see) your friends again.But most exciting of all，the new term lets you take up new hobbies.In Britain it is common for students to take up new hobbies after the Christmas holidays.Promising to learn something new is a common New Year’s resolution.‎ Most schools offer different kinds __2__ hobby classes.Students __3__(usual) take them in their free periods or after school.Some classes you have to pay for but some ‎ __4__(be) free.For example，I once took a free Wednesday evening gymnastics class __5__ is offered by my school.But when I learnt how to play the drum，my parents had to pay for the lessons.‎ The most popular extra classes at my school were piano lessons and drama club.Both classes offered exams students could take.Students with many hobbies sometimes felt __6__ stressed than those without any.But the students with hobbies left school with many extra __7__(skill)．‎ I haven’t continued any of the hobbies I __8__(begin) at school.But I have never regretted taking __9__．My __10__(good) friend today is someone I met in my gymnastics class.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　本文介绍了作者参加兴趣班的事。‎ ‎1．to see　[考查非谓语动词。chance后面跟动词不定式作后置定语。]‎ ‎2．of　[考查固定搭配。different kinds of各种不同种类的。]‎ ‎3．usually　[考查副词。修饰后面的动词的应该用副词。]‎ ‎4．are　[考查主谓一致。主语是some，代指前文提到的classes，所以谓语动词用复数。]‎ ‎5．which/that　[考查定语从句。修饰前面的名词class，先行词在从句中作主语。]‎ ‎6．more　[考查形容词比较级。后面有than，所以和比较级连用。]‎ ‎7．skills　[考查名词。前面有many修饰，所以用复数形式。]‎ ‎8．began　[考查动词。我在学校里开始的爱好，是过去的事情，用过去时。]‎ ‎9．them　‎ ‎[考查代词。但是我没后悔过参加他们，此处用them代替前面的hobbies。]‎ ‎10．best　[考查形容词。句意应该为：我最好的朋友就是我在体操课上遇到的。]‎ ‎【5】‎ ‎ Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.‎ After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months __2__(early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week，__4__ for the week after.I didn’t understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservation.What’s worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was __7__(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren’t charged extra.‎ The next day，my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。‎ ‎1．it　[在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。]‎ ‎2．earlier　[在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。]‎ ‎3．were told　[由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。]‎ ‎4．but　[根据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为not...but...结构。]‎ ‎5．why　[意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。]‎ ‎6．for　[charge...for...是习惯搭配。]‎ ‎7．surprisingly　[因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。]‎ ‎8．the　[特指“在顶楼”。]‎ ‎9．where　[先行词是地点the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (＝on which ＝and on the beach ＝and there)。]‎ ‎10．sunburnt/sunburned　[在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn的分词形式是sunburned或sunburnt。]‎ ‎【6】‎ Jonny：Hey！I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极)．Would you like to join me?‎ Peter：I know nothing about it.Is it difficult?‎ Jonny：It seems easy，but you need a lot of practice.You just follow me like this.‎ Peter：OK.Don’t laugh __1__ me.I may look funny.‎ Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally and __2__(soft)．Try to keep your body straight.Move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.‎ Peter：I cannot control my body well.My legs become __3__ (pain)．‎ Jonny：Keep __4__ (hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibility.Raise your leg and let __5__ stay in the air for seconds.‎ Peter：I feel my legs shaking.I cannot do this any longer.‎ Jonny：Be patient！Tai Chi __6__ (call)“shadow boxing”in English.It asks you to act like water：to be flexible as well __7__ strong.In real competition，a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back.The __8__ (hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!‎ Peter：Unbelievable！Oh...，__9__ you don’t mind，I’ll stop and take a deep __10__．‎ 答案 ‎1．at　[考查固定搭配。laugh at嘲笑。]‎ ‎2．softly　[考查and连接两个并列成分，因为前面是naturally，因此后面用副词形式。]‎ ‎3．painful　[我的腿疼了。放在become后面的应该是形容词。pain为名词或者动词。]‎ ‎4．holding　[keep doing sth保持；继续做某事，固定搭配。]‎ ‎5．it　[此处的it代替上文的your leg。]‎ ‎6．is called　[考查语态。太极在英语中被叫做“shadow boxing”。]‎ ‎7．as　[固定搭配 as well as。]‎ ‎8．harder　[此处考查the＋比较级……，the ＋比较级……结构。]‎ ‎9．if　[考查句子关系。句意：如果你不介意的话，我停下来做个深呼吸。]‎ ‎10．breath　[考查固定搭配。take a deep breath深呼吸。]‎ ‎【7】‎ One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about __1__ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__(disappoint)．When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next __4__ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused __6__(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept __7__(ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！It ’s __9__ (I )”．She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers __10__(sudden) became friendly to one another.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要叙述了有一次乘车的时候，很多乘客都非常焦虑、失望地等待。当汽车来了并且前行的时候，一个骑车的男孩儿在后面追着 汽车，并且大声地叫嚷，但是司机没有停车。直到到了下一站，男孩儿终于追上来，和司机交谈之后，人们才知道刚才有人丢失了手提箱，他是来给送箱子的。人们都被这个孩子的行为感动了。‎ ‎1．being　[因about为介词，其后加名词或动名词，故填being。]‎ ‎2．and　[根据文章内容可知空前和空后为顺承关系，故填and。]‎ ‎3．disappointed　[由前文可知人们感到失望，需用－ed结尾的形容词disappointed。]‎ ‎4．to　[next to为固定短语“靠近，邻近”。]‎ ‎5．caught　[文章讲述的是过去的事，故用过去式。]‎ ‎6．to stop　[refuse to do sth为固定短语“拒绝做某事”。]‎ ‎7．riding　[keep doing sth为固定短语“一直做某事”。]‎ ‎8．Did　[询问过去发生的事情用过去时。]‎ ‎9．me/mine　[此处缺少表语。强调“我的包或者是我丢了包”。]‎ ‎10．suddenly　[此处缺少副词，故用suddenly。]‎ ‎【8】‎ Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It __1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __4__ even a few months.It took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit __7__ is ‎ driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?‎ While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the __9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be __10__(patience)．‎ 答案 ‎【9】‎ Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned __1__ farm, which looked almost abandoned.__2__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __3__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __4__ (leave)．The cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass __5__ it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she __6__ (fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living __7__ the cow.In order to support his family, Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __8__ (sell) the wood.Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __9__ people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to __10__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.‎ 答案 ‎1．was　[文章讲的是1969年的事情，故用过去时。]‎ ‎2．actually　[修饰动词caught，用副词actually“实际上”。]‎ ‎3．the　[most outstanding是最高级，前面需要加the。]‎ ‎4．or　[河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用or。]‎ ‎5．to reduce　[这里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花费多长时间”。故应填不定式to reduce。]‎ ‎6．cleaner　[根据下文than知用形容词的比较级。]‎ ‎7．that/which　[habit是先行词，故用that/which引导定语从句。]‎ ‎8．amazing　[是“令人吃惊的”，用形容词修饰名词stories，而amazed指“人感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。]‎ ‎9．changes　[根据句子的谓语“are”可知主语应为复数。]‎ ‎10．patient　[根据空格前系动词“be”可知这里应为形容词。]‎ ‎【10】‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 答案 ‎【语篇导读】　这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生一家人依靠农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛摔死了。Johnson先生不得不想其他办法继续生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。上帝给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了一扇门。‎ ‎1．a　[句意：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a 是不定冠词，表示泛指一个……，修饰可数名词单数。根据文意可知，Johnson先生和家人住在树林里，他拥有一个农场。故填a。]‎ ‎2．luckily　[句意：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都能产奶。luckily副词，幸运的是。根据文意可知，Johnson先生的农场很破旧，都快要废弃了。但是还有奶牛每天都产奶，能让他维持生存，所以这是一件幸运的事。这里用副词形式修饰整个句子。]‎ ‎3．for　[句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物。本句话中exchange 的意思是交换，根据句意可知，Johnson先生用牛奶换其他的食物。这里是用短语exchange...for...，故填介词for。]‎ ‎4．was left　[句意：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作奶酪和黄油。leave离开；剩下，留下。根据文意可知，Johnson先生一家靠农场里的奶牛产奶生活。除去卖掉的和换其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用来制作奶酪和黄油。这里what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态。]‎ ‎5．when　[句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起大雨。when是并列连词，意思是正在这时。这句话使用的句型是be doing sth when...，正在做某事这时……。]‎ ‎6．fell　[句意：在慌忙逃跑的时候，奶牛摔下山死了。fall摔倒，掉下来，根据文意可知，这篇短文使用的是一般过去时态，故这里填过去式fell。]‎ ‎7．without　[句意：奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不继续生活。根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不在没有了奶牛情况下生活。故填without。]‎ ‎8．to sell　[句意：因为这些药草和蔬菜需要花费时间来生长，Johnson先生就开始砍树来卖木头。sell卖，销售。根据文意可知，Johnson先生一边种植药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去卖。这里用动词不定式形式在句中作目的状语。]‎ ‎9．where　[句意：丰收的时候，他已经在人们定期赶集的市场上去卖药草、蔬菜和棉花了。where 在这里引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the market。]‎ ‎10．him　[句意：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。It occurred to sb that...某人突然发现……，这是一个固定的句型，因为这篇短文讲述的是Johnson先生，故填him。]‎