安徽省宿州市十三所重点中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题 Word版含解析

安徽省宿州市十三所重点中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题 Word版含解析

宿州市十三所重点中学 2020——2021 学年度第一学期期中 质量检测 高二英语试卷 第一部分 听力 第一节（共 5 小题） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What probably is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A shop assistant. 2. How long can the books be kept at most with a library card? A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. Ten weeks. 3. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Clear. 4. What does the woman say about the cinema? A. Wonderful. B. Interesting. C. Relaxing. 5. How does the man lose weight? A. By lifting weights. B. By drinking less beer. C. By working in the gym. 第二节（共 15 小题） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A football match. B. A tennis match. C. A weekend plan. 7. When will the woman go to the man's place? A. At about 1:30. B. At about 2:00. C. At about 2:30. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Why is the man not going home? A. He is busy. B. He lacks money. C. He wants to travel. 9. What will the man probably do? A. Hold parties. B. Visit the woman's home. C. Invite the woman to his home. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. In the lab. C. In the classroom. 11. When did the woman begin to learn Spanish? A. In high school. B. At the university. C. After she moved to Europe. 12. What helped the woman most in learning Spanish and French? A. Studying in the university. B. Traveling in Spain and France. C. Watching TV or listening to the radio. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How long has the man been cooking? A. Since he was a kid. B. For the last 20 years. C. Since he was 20 years old. 14. What does the man think important about making friends? A. Language. B. Eating together. C. Having something in common. 15. According to the man, where would be a good place to eat beef? A. The US. B. Finland C. China. 16. What does the man probably use in his dishes? A. Expensive spices. B. Local ingredients. C. Complicated sauces. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why was 911 chosen as an emergency number? A. The numbers were lucky. B. It was easy to memorize. C. It had been used for many years. 18. When was the first 911 call created? A. In 1968. B. In 1986. C. In 1999. 19. What is the emergency number in Britain? A. 911. B. 999. C. 119. 20. In what cases can you call 911? A. When your fingers get burnt. B. When you want to make a joke. C. When you want to see what might happen. 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节（共 15 小题） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Online Fire Safety Class NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED This online Fire Safety Class has been designed to present topics relevant to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) training requirement. EASILYACCESSIBLE Our Fire Safety Class is 100% online and self-paced, which allows you to start and stop at any time and as often as necessary to adjust your schedule. The course can also be taken on any device that has access to the Internet: Desktop computers Laptop computers Tablets Smart phones You can even start on one device and continue on another! GUARANTEED (保证) ACCEPTANCE Your Fire Safety Class certificate (证书) comes backed by a 100% money-back guarantee. If your certificate is not accepted for any reason, contact us and let us know. We will refund you the full price of the course. LOWEST PRICE GUARANTEE Starting at only $25, we offer the lowest price with absolutely no hidden fees; guaranteed! Course duration Total price Start now 1 hour $25 Start your I-hour course now 3 hour $35 Start your 3-hour course now 5 hour $40 Start your 5-hour course now The buying process is straightforward and simple: you never need to speak with a salesperson and you can register and get started right now entirely on your own. 1. Where can you take the class? A. On TV. B. On the radio. C. On computers. D. On any phone. 2. If you take the 5-hour class and you fail it, how much would you pay? A. $0 B. $25 C. $35 D. $40 3. Which of the following statements is true? A. You can take the class only on a fixed device. B. You can get your money back if you get the certificate. C. You should contact a salesman before buying the course. D. You can suit your own learning process while taking the class. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个网络消防安全课程的一些基本情况。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章标题“Online Fire Safety Class”和第一段“This online Fire Safety Class has been designed to present…”可知，因为是网络课程，你可以在电脑上上这门课程。 故选 C。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据价格表格中的 Course duration(课程持续时间) 5 hour 和 Total price(总价格) $40 可知，如果你上了 5 个小时的课却挂科了，需支付 40 美元。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四行“Our Fire Safety Class is 100% online and self-paced, which allows you to start and stop at any time and as often as necessary to adjust your schedule.(我们的消防安 全课程是 100%在线和自我进度，这允许您开始和停止在任何时间，并经常作为必要的调整 您的时间表)”可知，选项 A. You can take the class only on a fixed device.(你只能在固定设备 上上课)错误，选项 D. You can suit your own learning process while taking the class.(你可以根据 自己的学习过程选择合适的课程)正确；根据 GUARANTEED(保证) ACCEPTANCE 中“If your certificate is not accepted for any reason, contact us and let us know. We will refund you the full price of the course.(如果您的证书因任何原因不被接受，请与我们联系并让我们知道。我 们将全额退还您的课程费用)”可知，选项 B. You can get your money back if you get the certificate.(如果您拿到证书，就可以拿回您的钱)错误；根据最后一行“you never need to speak with a salesperson(你永远不需要和销售人员交谈)”可知，选项 C. You should contact a salesman before buying the course.(你应该在购买课程之前联系一下销售人员)错误；由此可 知，选项 D 描述正确。故选 D。 B "I'm ready " said Alyssa Carson, a 17-year-old astronaut-in-training from Baton Rouge, Louisiana. For her, riding the most aggressive roller coaster in the park is not a big deal. If all goes according to her plans, NASA will send her to Mars in 2033, making her the first human to step foot on the planet. She will spend two to three years doing something on it, such as growing food, performing science experiments, and searching for signs of life. She's devoted her entire life to preparing for this journey. Her love for space started when she was 3 years old and watched a cartoon called The Backyardigans. Five animal pals go on imaginary adventures in their backyard including in one part, a mission to Mars. "I thought "This red planet is so cool'," she said, "I started watching videos of rovers" landing on Mars. " At 7, her father took her to space camp in Huntsville, Alabama. "I got to see a life-size rocket. " She cherished the rocket so much that she returned 18 times. At the age of 12, she became the fist person in history to attend all three NASA space camps in Huntsville, Alabama; Quebec, Canada; and Izmir, Turkey. At first she mastered the basics of space and how humans have explored it throughout time. As she got older she simulated（模拟）missions, trying to reach a destination in gravity-free, weightless zones. When she was 9, she met NASA astronaut Sandra Magnus. The experienced explorer told her she was her age when she decided to go to space. At that moment Alyssa knew her love of space was not a passing hobby. "I did the same thing as other kids, like switching my mind about careers, wanting to be a teacher or the president one day, " she said. "But the way I always thought about it was I would become an astronaut, go to Mars, come back, and then be a teacher or the president. " 4. What made Alyssa start her space dream? A. Her joy at a cartoon. B. Her love for the rocket. C. Her visit to a space camp. D. Her devotion to the journey. 5. What do we know about Alyssa? A. She is the first human to land on Mars. B. She loves performing science experiments. C. She makes full preparations for the mission. D. She has great interest in riding roller coasters. 6. What do Alyssa's words in the last paragraph show? A. Career choice inspires her to work hard. B. Space dreams give her a clear direction. C. Space travel brings her material rewards. D. Space experiences encourage her to look for new jobs. 7. Where can we probably read this passage? A. In a health report. B. In a news magazine. C. In a travel guide book. D. In a science fiction 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了将第一个登上火星的宇航员 Alyssa Carson。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Her love for space started when she was 3 years old and watched a cartoon called The Backyardigans. Five animal pals go on imaginary adventures in their backyard including in one part, a mission to Mars. "I thought "This red planet is so cool'," she said, "I started watching videos of rovers" landing on Mars. (她对太空的热爱始于 3 岁时，她看了一部名为《后院奇缘》的动画片。五个动物 朋友在他们的后院进行想象的冒险，其中一部分，火星任务。“我觉得‘这个红色星球太酷 了’，”她说，“我开始看漫游者在火星上着陆的视频。”)”可知，看动画片时的乐趣让 Alyssa Carson 开始了她的太空梦。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She's devoted her entire life to preparing for this journey. (她的 一生都在为这次旅行做准备。)”可知，Alyssa Carson 为这次任务做了充分的准备。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“At that moment Alyssa knew her love of space was not a passing hobby. "I did the same thing as other kids, like switching my mind about careers, wanting to be a teacher or the president one day, " she said. "But the way I always thought about it was I would become an astronaut, go to Mars, come back, and then be a teacher or the president. "(在那 一刻，Alyssa 知道她对太空的热爱不是一时的爱好。她说：“我和其他孩子做了同样的事情， 比如改变职业想法，想有一天成为一名教师或总统。”“但我以前的想法是，我要成为一名 宇航员，去火星，然后回来，然后成为一名教师或总统。”)”可知，Alyssa 的目标非常明 确——一定要登上太空，一切要为太空梦让路，也就是说，太空梦给了她一个明确的方向。 故选 B。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了将第一个登上火星的宇航员 Alyssa Carson。 所以本文是一篇人物介绍，从而推断出，我们最有可能在新闻杂志上读到本文。故选 B。 C Smart phones have been blamed for everything from taking drivers' attention from driving to keeping people on the sofa scrolling（滚屏）videos. But the smart phone that seems to be everywhere could just easily increase physical activity if it pushes its owner's buttons in the right way. New research shows that making social connections（人际关系）through activity-tracking apps gets people to move more. And another study on the "Pokemon Go" phenomenon shows that the smart phone games got players to take thousands more steps than usual. Together, the studies show the potential（潜在性）of smart phones to push a range of people to be more active. People who linked with friends on the activity-tracking app increase their steps by 400 a day on average, compared with people who made no social connections, according to Tim Althoff and two other computer scientists at Stanford University. Such opinions show the possibilities of smart phones and games to help with one of the most stubborn public health problems-that even people who want to be active have trouble staying active. An NBA videogame, for example, will give players extra powers in the game if they reach a step goal in real life. The app "Zomies, Run! " uses audio stories to push people to run more. Still, there is room for growth: Only about 4% of all health apps use "gamification", such as point-scoring or competition, according to a study published in October in BMJ Open." Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques, " says Dr. Elizabeth Ann Edwards, the study's lead author. 8. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Impress successfully. B. List completely. C. Direct professionally. D. Function properly. 9. How does the author prove the benefits of smart phones? A. By listing some research results. B. By raising some potential questions. C. By analyzing some health problems. D. By explaining some social connections. 10. According to the text, who are more likely to exercise more? A. People who play smart phone games. B. People who watch videos on the sofa. C. People who make no social connections. D. People who have trouble staying active. 11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To summarize the previous paragraphs. B. To provide some advice for the readers. C. To introduce a new topic for discussion. D. To add more information about the topic. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，智能手机在许多方面受到人们的谴责，但智能手机运用恰当 的话，还是有利于人们的锻炼的，比如"Pokemon Go"智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了数 千步，而"Zomies, Run! "使用音频故事推动人们跑得更多或跑得更快。 【8 题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段中的“And another study on the "Pokemon Go" phenomenon shows that the smart phone games got players to take thousands more steps than usual. ” 另一项关于“口袋妖怪”现象的研究表明，智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了几千步。所以 判断出，似乎无处不在的智能手机只要按对了主人的按键，就很容易增加体力活动。），可知 只要按对了主人的按键，智能手机就可以增加体力活动，即增强（人身体的）功能，physical activity if it pushes its owner's buttons in the right way 在此处意为“Function properly”。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“New research shows that making social connections（人际关系）through activity-tracking apps gets people to move more. And another study on the "Pokemon Go" phenomenon shows that the smart phone games got players to take thousands more steps than usual. Together, the studies show the potential（潜在性）of smart phones to push a range of people to be more active.”（新的研究表明，通过活动跟踪应用程序建立社交关系可以让人们活动 得更多。另一项关于“Pokemon Go”现象的研究表明，智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了 几千步。这些研究共同表明，智能手机有可能促使一些人变得更加活跃。），可知作者通过列 举一些研究成果证明智能手机的好处。故选 A 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的“And another study on the "Pokemon Go" phenomenon shows that the smart phone games got players to take thousands more steps than usual.”（另一项关于 “Pokemon Go”现象的研究表明，智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了几千步。）和第四段中 的“An NBA videogame, for example, will give players extra powers in the game if they reach a step goal in real life. The app "Zomies, Run! " uses audio stories to push people to run more.”（例 如，一个 NBA 的电子游戏，如果玩家在现实生活中达到了一个阶段性的目标，就会在游戏 中赋予他们额外的力量。应用程序“僵尸，快跑！”使用音频故事来推动人们跑得更多。）， 可知，Pokemon Go 智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了几千步，在“Zomies, Run!”中如果玩 家想在游戏中有额外的力量，玩家需要在现实生活中跑到一定阶段，说明玩智能手机游戏的 人更容易锻炼。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段“Still, there is room for growth: Only about 4% of all health apps use "gamification", such as point-scoring or competition, according to a study published in October in BMJ Open." Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques, " says Dr. Elizabeth Ann Edwards, the study's lead author.”（尽管如此，仍有增长的空间：根据 10 月份发表在 BMJ Open 上的一项研究，只有约 4%的健康应用程序使用“游戏化”，如积分 或竞争。“游戏化实际上与行为改变技术有着非常密切的联系，”该研究的主要作者 Elizabeth Ann Edwards 博士说。），可知本段讲述了健康应用程序“游戏化”的情况，添加有 关主题的更多信息。故选 D 项。 D Scientists say they have found out a chemical produced by locusts（蝗虫）that causes the insects to join together in huge swarms（群）. On their own, locusts are mostly harmless. But in large swarms, they can be extremely destructive. The new finding could lead to new methods to prevent locusts from joining swarms to destroy huge areas of crops. A recent study published in Nature identifies a pheromone believed to be responsible for the insect’s swarming behavior. A pheromone is a chemical item produced by an animal that influences the behavior of another animal of the same kind. The pheromone, known as 4VA, was found in the world’s most widespread kind of locust, the migratory locust. It powerfully drew locusts of both sexes and all ages, the research found. And it was produced when as few as four to five locusts came together. Lead researcher Le Kang is with the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Zoology. He told Reuters news agency that migratory locusts are so widespread and dangerous, they represent"a serious threat to agriculture worldwide. " Kang said further research will be needed to find out if 4VA exists in other species, such as the desert locust. Kang said a chemical could be developed to block 4VA’s effects to prevent swarming. A man-made version of the pheromone might also be developed to attract locusts into traps to be killed. Locusts could also be developed with genetic changes that would not react to 4VA, Kang added. Such locusts could be sent to the wild to build wild non-swarming populations. Leslie Vosshall, head of Rockefeller University’s Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior in New York, said one of the most exciting developments would be finding a chemical that could block the reception of 4VA. She noted that there are still several unknowns about the research. These include whether 4VA is the only cause of swarm formation, and whether other locust species respond similarly to the chemical. 12. What is the new finding of the study? A. New methods could be used to stop locusts. B. Locusts do not cause much damage on their own. C. A large number of locusts can destroy the crops terribly. D. Locusts swarm because of a chemical produced by themselves. 13. What can we learn about the pheromone? A. It only exists in the migratory locust. B. It is made at least in groups of forty. C. It is to blame for the locust’s swarming. D. It affects the behavior of other animals. 14. What is Leslie’s attitude toward the prevention of the locust’s swarming? A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic. C. Subjective. D. Objective. 15. Which can be a suitable title of this passage? A. Can we kill locusts? B. How do locusts destroy crops? C. How do locusts get swarmed? D. Can we control the locust’s damaging? 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 本文是一篇科普说明文，讲述了科学家们发现了蝗虫自身产生的 4VA 这一物质能够让它们 成群结队地聚在一起。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists say they have found out a chemical produced by locusts that causes the insects to join together in huge swarms (科学家们说他们发现了蝗虫产生的一种 化学物质，这种化学物质能使蝗虫成群结队地聚集在一起)”可知，由蝗虫本身所产生的一 种化学物质可以让它们成群结队地聚在一起。故此题选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It powerfully drew locusts of both sexes and all ages, the research found. And it was produced when as few as four to five locusts came together(研究发现，它吸引 了所有年龄和性别的蝗虫。只有四至五只蝗虫聚集的时候，就已经开始生产了)”可知，信 息素能够吸引所有年龄和性别的蝗虫，即便蝗虫数量很少，也可以存在其中。由此可知，蝗 虫聚集的原因就是信息素的吸引。故此题选 C。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leslie Vosshall.... said one of the most exciting developments would be finding a chemical that could block the reception of 4VA(Leslie Vosshall 说到最令人兴 奋的进展之一将是找到一种能够阻断 4VA 信号接收的化学物质)”可知，Leslie Vosshall 希望 能在未来找到阻断 4VA 接收的物质来阻止蝗虫聚集出现。但是随后又通过“She noted that there are still several unknowns about the research(她指出，关于这项研究仍有几个未知数)”表 明了这项研究依然存在着不确定性。由此我们可以总结出，Leslie Vosshall 既期待有方法解 决蝗虫的聚集，但又认识到存在不确定性，所以他的态度是很客观的。A. Pessimistic.悲观的； B. Optimistic.乐观的；C. Subjective.主观的；D. Objective.客观的。故此题选 D。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Scientists say they have found out a chemical produced by locusts that causes the insects to join together in huge swarms (科学家们说他们发现 了蝗虫产生的一种化学物质，这种化学物质能使蝗虫成群结队地聚集在一起)”可知，本文 主要介绍了科学家发现蝗虫是如何聚集的。故此题选 C。 第二节（共 5 小题） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Emergency knocks on the most unexpected time, so it is important to know how to give first aid, particularly in life-threatening situations. What's first aid? ____16____. Though each emergency condition is different, following correct first-aid steps can make a big difference between life and death. First of all, call somebody for help or call the 911 emergency number. Before help arrives, the rules below can be applied to some emergencies. Check the victim's breath and pulse. If no signs of breathing are clear and the pulse is weak,prepare for CPR（心肺复苏）. Never carry more than you can do. Do not do things beyond yourability. ____17____ Do what you can under the conditions at the time. If the victim is hurt badly, check if the wound is deep and if he or she is bleeding. Find anything available to stop bleeding. Losing one third of blood, a person may be in great danger. Remember: never try to move the victim away. ____18____ Especially there is a spinal injury.leaving the person where he is, provided he is breathing. Keep calm and console（安慰）the victim. ____19____ It is important to stabilize（使稳定） the condition of the victim. Explain to her or him what is happening and that help has been called already. Do not let other people crowd around the victim. Bystanders will be curious to have a look and offer their advice. ____20____ The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is. A. Take necessary emergency steps. B. You should help an injured person in any condition. C. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim. D. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. E. Acting calmly will make the victim relieved and feel safe. F. Besides, they may say something about the victim's condition. G. First aid is defined as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何进行急救和急救时的注意事项。 【详解】1.结合上文“What's first aid?”什么是急救？可以推断空白处是对这个问题进行回答。 选项 G.“First aid is defined as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person.”急救被定义 为对病人或受伤人员的紧急救护。符合文意。故选 G。 2.结合上文“Do not do things beyond yourability. ”不要做超出你能力范围的事。下文“Do what you can under the conditions at the time.”在当时的情况下，尽你所能做你能做的。由此可推知， 空格处的句子应该是对上一句子的承接，而对下一句子的转折，起承上启下的作用。选项 D.“Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them.”如果你不熟悉它们，也不应该做它 们。符 Do not do things 对应 Nor should you do things 。故选 D。 3.结合上文“ never try to move the victim away”永远不要试图把受害者移开，指出了错误的做 法。可以推知，空白处应是对这一错误做法解释为什么不能这样做。选项 C.“You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.”如果你移动受害者，可能会让伤势更严重。符合文意， 故选 C。 4.结合上文“Keep calm and console（安慰）the victim.”保持冷静，安慰受害者。下文“It is important to stabilize（使稳定）the condition of the victim. ”稳定受害者的情况很重要。由此可 推断，空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子，承接上文，又呼应下文。选项 E.“Acting calmly will make the victim relieved and feel safe.”冷静行事会让受害者感到放松和安全。Keep calm and console（安慰）the victim.对应 Acting calmly 。故选 E。 5.结合上文“Bystanders will be curious to have a look and offer their advice.”旁观者会很好奇， 想看看并提供建议。这是旁观者的做法。下文“The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.”受害者可能认为情况比实际情况更糟。说明了旁观者的某些做法所引 起的后果。可知空白处应填入的是一个关于围观者不好的做法的句子。选项 F.“Besides, they may say something about the victim's condition.”另外，他们可能会说些受害者的情况。符 合文意，故选 F。 第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节（共 20 小题） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。. When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor, a physician named Doctor Gibbs. He didn't look like any ____21____ I'd ever known. We often played in his yard. But he never ____22____ us for making a mess in his yard. When Doctor Gibbs wasn't ____23____ lives, he was planting trees in his yard. He had some interesting ___24___ about planting trees. He ____25____ the principle "No pains, no gains". He ____26____ watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional（传统的）wisdom. Once I asked why and he told me that ____27____ plants spoiled（宠坏）them because it made them grow ____28____. He said he had to make things ____29____ for the trees so that only the strongest could _____30_____. He talked about how watering trees made them develop shallow _____31_____ and how, if they were not watered, trees would grow deep roots in search of water. So, _____32_____ watering his trees every morning, he'd beat them with a rolled-up newspaper to help the trees build up _____33_____. After he died, I walked by his _____34_____ and looked at the trees, which were all tall and strong. I planted a couple of trees myself a few years ago. Two years of _____35_____ these trees meant they grew weak. Whenever a cold wind blew, their branches trembled. Hardship seemed to benefit Doctor Gibbs' trees in ways _____36_____ and case never could exist. Every night, before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I often pray that their lives will be easy. But _____37_____I've been thinking that it's time to change my _____38_____. I know my children are going to _____39_____ hardship. What I need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rain falls and the wind blows, they won't be _____40_____. 21. A. doctor B. teacher C. lawyer D. farmer 22. A. liked B. admired C. respected D. blamed 23. A. saving B. losing C. changing D. shortening 24. A. stories B. theories C. goals D. projects 25. A. took apart B. worried about C. believed in D. made up 26. A. briefly B. hardly C. enthusiastically D. constantly 27. A. watering B. caring C. drying D. growing 28. A. stronger B. bigger C. weaker D. healthier 29. A. easy B. good C. interesting D. tough 30. A. escape B. survive C. sleep D. recover 31. A. flowers B. leaves C. branches D. roots 32. A. because of B. in addition to C. instead of D. thanks to 33. A. kindness B. love C. strength D. interest 34. A. yard B. hospital C. garden D. tomb 35. A. planting B. attending C. processing D. ruining 36. A. comfort B. freedom C. happiness D. wealth 37. A. early B. lately C. previously D. originally 38. A. situation B. result C. design D. prayer 39. A. leave out B. care about C. long for D. meet with 40. A. turned down B. torn apart C. picked out D. thought of 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在作者成长的过程中，有一个老邻居，Gibbs 医生， 他在种树时几乎不给树浇水，他说是为了让树扎根更深，抗风能力更强；当作者在抚养孩子 时，理解了其中的道理，我们只有让根强壮，暴风雨来时，才能勇敢面对。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看起来不像我认识的任何医生。A. doctor 医生；B. teacher 教 师；C. lawyer 律师；D. farmer 农民。由上文的“I had an old neighbor, a physician named Doctor Gibbs.”可知，Gibbs 是一位医生。故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他从不责备我们把他的院子弄得一团糟。A. liked 喜欢；B. admired 钦佩；C. respected 尊重；D. blamed 责备。由上文的“We often played in his yard.” 和本处的“But he never ____2____ us for making a mess in his yard.”可知，作者他们在 Gibbs 医生的院子里玩，弄得一团糟，一般来说，主人都会生气责备的，但 Gibbs 医生从不责备作 者他们。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gibbs 医生不救人的时候，他在院子里种树。A. saving 拯救；B. losing 失去；C. changing 改变；D. shortening 缩短。由常识可知，医生的主要职责就是治病 救人。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对植树有一些有趣的理论。A. stories 故事；B. theories 理论； C. goals 目标；D. projects 项目。由下文的“He ____5____ the principle "No pains, no gains".” 和下文可知，Gibbs 医生信奉“不劳无获”的原则，几乎不给新树浇水，认为必须让树木变 得艰难，只有这样最强壮的树木才能存活下来，这是一些有趣的理论。故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他信奉“不劳无获”的原则。A. took apart 拆散；B. worried about 担忧；C. believed in 相信；D. made up 组成、编造。由下文语境可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给 新树浇水，认为必须让树木变得艰难，只有这样最强壮的树木才能存活下来，不经历艰难， 哪能变得强壮呢，所以他信奉的是“不劳无获”原则。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎不给他的新树浇水，这违背了传统的智慧。A. briefly 简 短地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. enthusiastically 热情地；D. constantly 不断地。由下文的“which flew in the face of conventional（传统的）wisdom”可知，Gibbs 医生的做法违背了种树的传 统智慧，一般来说，种树是要浇水的，他违背了传统智慧，说明他几乎不给树浇水。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次我问为什么，他告诉我浇水会毁掉植物，因为这会使它们 变得更虚弱。A. watering 浇水；B. caring 关心；C. drying(使)变干；D. growing 成长。由上 文语境可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，作者感到好奇就询问原因，Gibbs 医生告诉作者 浇水会毁掉植物。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次我问为什么，他告诉我浇水会毁掉植物，因为这会使它 们变得更虚弱。A. stronger 更强的；B. bigger 更大的；C. weaker 更弱的；D. healthier 更健康 的。由上文的“____7____ plants spoiled（宠坏）them”可知，浇水会毁掉植物，可得出浇 水会让植物变得更虚弱。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，他必须让树木变得艰难，这样只有最强壮的树木才能存 活下来。A. easy 简单的；B. good 好的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. tough 艰难的。由上文语境 可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，于树而言，树木的生存环境变得很艰难。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，他必须让树木变得艰难，这样只有最强壮的树木才能存活 下来。A. escape 逃跑；B. survive 幸存；C. sleep 睡觉；D. recover 恢复。由上文的“He said he had to make things ____9____ for the trees so that only the strongest”可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不 给树浇水，树木的生存环境变得很艰难，当然只有最强壮的树木才能幸存下来。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他谈到了给树浇水是如何使它们长出浅根的，如果不给它们浇水， 树木会长出深根来找水。A. flowers 花朵；B. leaves 叶子；C. branches 树枝；D. roots 根。由 下文的“if they were not watered, trees would grow deep roots in search of water”可知，不给树 浇水，树长出深根，可得出给树浇水，树长出浅根。故选 D 项。 【32 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以，他没有每天早上给树浇水，而是用卷起的报纸打树，帮助 树木增强力量。A. because of 因为；B. in addition to 除了；C. instead of 而不是、代替；D. thanks to 幸亏。由上文语境可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，还要使树木的生存环境变得很艰难， 所以此处指“而不是/代替给树浇水”。故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，他没有每天早上给树浇水，而是用卷起的报纸打树，帮助 树木增强力量。A. kindness 善意；B. love 爱；C. strength 力量；D. interest 兴趣。由语境和 上文的“he'd beat them with a rolled-up newspaper”可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，还要 使树木的生存环境变得很艰难，这样树木才能长出深根，成为最强壮的树活下来，因此用卷 起的报纸打树，是为了让树增强力量。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他死后，我走过他的院子，看着那些高大强壮的树。A. yard 院 子；B. hospital 医院；C. garden 花园；D. tomb 坟墓。由上文的“he was planting trees in his yard”可知，Gibbs 医生把树种在院子里，所以作者是走过他的院子，看到了高大强壮的树。 故选 A 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年来照料这些树让它们变得虚弱。A. planting 种植；B. attending 照顾；C. processing 处理；D. ruining 毁坏。由上文语境和下文的“they grew weak”可知， Gibbs 医生认为（好好照顾树）给树浇水会让树木虚弱，而此时作者的树变得虚弱，说明两 年来作者好好照顾树。故选 B 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gibbs 医生的树似乎从困难中受益，而舒适和特殊照顾永远不可 能存在。A. comfort 舒适；B. freedom 自由；C. happiness 快乐；D. wealth 财富。由上文语境 可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，还要使树木的生存环境变得很艰难，用卷起的报纸打树， 说明他的树没有舒适的时候。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. early 早地；B. lately 最近；C. previously 以前；D. originally 原来。由上文的“I often pray that their lives will be easy.”和下文的“What I need to do is to pray for deep roots”可知，作者之前常常祈祷孩子们 的生活会很轻松，但后文却要为深根祈祷，说明改变祈祷的想法是最近出现的。故选 B 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. situation 情况；B. result结果；C. design 设计；D. prayer 祈祷。由上文的“I often pray that their lives will be easy.” 和下文的“What I need to do is to pray for deep roots”可知，作者之前常常祈祷孩子们的生活 会很轻松，但后文却要为深根祈祷，说明作者祈祷的内容改变了。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我的孩子们会遇到困难的。A. leave out 排除；B. care about 关心；C. long for 渴望；D. meet with 遇到。由下文的“when the rain falls and the wind blows, they won't be ____20____”可知，作者的孩子会碰到“下雨”和“刮风”（暗喻困难）。故 选 D 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所要做的就是为深根祈祷，这样当下雨和刮风的时候，他们就 不会被撕裂。A. turned down 拒绝；B. torn apart 撕裂；C. picked out 挑选出；D. thought of 想到。由上文语境可知，Gibbs 医生几乎不给树浇水，还要使树木的生存环境变得很艰难， 长出深根，这样只有最强壮的树木才能幸存下来，因此作者也希望孩子长出深根，以抵御风 雨，不会被撕裂，能生存下来。故选 B 项。 第二节（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Guotao, ____41____ (bear)in a Miao ethnic family in the mountains of Chongqing successfully made her way ____42____ the big cities. But the love for the Miao embroidery(刺绣) made her quit the job at a bank and return home to promote the folk art. Chen learned embroidery from her mother. At the age of eight, she could make a skirt by ____43____ (she). In 2001, Chen learned the skills from the Miao people who live ____44____ (main)in Hunan and Guizhou provinces. Therefore, her embroidery skills became better ____45____ before. Her artworks ____46____ (exhibit)at home and abroad since she set up her company in 2012. "Every piece of the Miao embroidery ____47____ (be)all handmade with all kinds of complicated skills, " she said. "A square cloth of one-meter will take at least one year ____48____ (complete)" Miao embroidery is a very important part of Miao culture, ____49____ was named as China's intangible(非物质)cultural heritage in 2006. To let more Miao women inherit(传承)the skills, Chen partnered with local women's _____50_____ (associate)to set up training camps. 【答案】41. born 42. to 43. herself 44. mainly 45. than 46. have been exhibited 47. is 48. to complete 49. which 50. associations 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了推广苗族刺绣的妇女陈国桃，作者介绍了她的个人经历， 她为推广苗族刺绣所付出的努力。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出生在重庆山区的一个苗族家庭的陈国桃成功地进入了大城市。表 示“出生于”短语为 be born in，此处省略 be 动词，过去分词作定语。故填 born。 【42 题详解】 考查介词。句意：出生在重庆山区的一个苗族家庭的陈国桃成功地进入了大城市。结合句意 表示“前往，进入”可知短语为 make one’s way to。故填 to。 【43 题详解】 考查代词。句意：八岁时，她就能独自做裙子了。结合句意表示“独自”可知短语为 by oneself。故填 herself。 【44 题详解】 考查副词。句意：2001 年，陈向主要居住在湖南和贵州两省的苗族人学习了这项技艺。修 饰动词 live 应用副词 mainly，作状语。故填 mainly。 【45 题详解】 考查介词。句意：因此，她的刺绣技术比以前更好了。根据上文 better 以及句意“比以前更 好”，可知应用介词 than。故填 than。 【46 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：自 2012 年成立公司以来，她的作品多次在国内外展出。根据 后文 since she set up her company in 2012 可知应用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关 系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为 artworks，助动词用 have。故填 have been exhibited。 【47 题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她说：“每一件苗族刺绣都是用各种复杂的工艺手工制作 的”。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为 Every piece of the Miao embroidery， “every+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数。故填 is。 【48 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“一块一米的方布至少要一年才能完成。”表示“花费时间做某事” 可知短语为 take time to do sth.。故填 to complete。 【49 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：苗绣是苗族文化的重要组成部分，2006 年被命名为中国非物质文化 遗产。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 Miao embroidery，且先行词在从句中作主语， 指物，故应用关系代词 which 引导该从句，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。 【50 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：为了让更多的苗族妇女继承这些技能，陈女士与当地的妇女协会合作 建立了训练营。根据上文名词所有格 women's 可知应填名词 association 作宾语，association 为可数名词，此处当地妇女协会不止一个，应用复数。故填 associations。 第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加。在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词： 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Last week, I come across some friends in a party. We had dinner happy and talked about our dreams. One of the friend called Tom told us he had travelled to many places. We admired her very much. We all have dreams to travel, and few of us take action. Actually, once we have dreams, we should have them carrying out as soon as possible. Because of we are young, we are energy to explore the world. However, most of us haven't made it. As result, we fail to achieve that we expect. 【答案】1. come→came 2. happy→happily 3. friend→friends 4. her→him 5. and→but 6. carrying carried 7.去掉 of 8. energy→energetic 9. 在 result 前面加 a 10. that→what 【解析】 【详解】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者聚会上遇到一朋友，听朋友讲了自己的故事。 1. 考查动词时态。句意：上周，我在一个聚会上遇到了一些朋友。由时间状语 Last week 可 知，时态用一般过去时。故将 come 改为 came。 2. 考查副词。句意：我们愉快地共进晚餐，谈论我们的梦想。此处用副词 happily 作状语修 饰动词短语 had dinner。故将 happy 改为 happily。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：一个叫汤姆的朋友告诉我们他去过许多地方。“one of +名词复数 形式”，意为“……之一”。故将 friend 改为 friends。 4. 考查代词。句意：我们非常钦佩他。由上文的 Tom 和 he 可知，朋友 Tom 是一位男性， 用人称代词 him。故将 her 改为 him。 5. 考查连词。句意：我们都有旅行的梦想，但是很少有人采取行动。由句意可知，前后句 表转折关系，用并列连词 but。故将 and 改为 but。 6. 考查过去分词。句意：事实上，一旦我们有了梦想，我们就应该让它们尽快实现。固定 用法 have sth. done(让某物被……)，them 和动词 carry 是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表 被动，作宾补。故将 carrying 改为 carried。 7. 考查连接词。句意：因为我们年轻，我们有精力去探索世界。because +句子，because of + 名词/代词/动名词，we are young 是句子，应用 because，去掉 of。故去掉 of。 8. 考查形容词。句意：因为我们年轻，我们有精力去探索世界。此处用形容词 energetic(精 力充沛的)作系动词 are 的表语。故将 energy 改为 energetic。 9. 考查固定搭配。句意：结果，我们没能达到我们的期望。固定搭配 as a result(因此、结果)。 故在 result 前面加 a。 10. 考查宾语从句。句意：结果，我们没能达到我们的期望。动词 achieve 后接宾语从句（we expect），从句缺乏宾语，意为“什么”，用连接代词 what。故将 that 改为 what。 第二节 书面表达 52. 假定你是李明，上周日你校组织部分学生到中国科学技术大学参观学习。请你根据以下 内容为校报写一篇英文报道。活动内容包括： 1. 参观内容和流程； 2. 活动的影响和意义。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中国科学技术大学 the USTC _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Last Sunday, our school organized a group of students to pay a visit to the USTC. In the morning, some volunteers from the USTC showed the students around the campus, introducing the history and the achievements of the USTC. Then, the students attended a lecture delivered by Professor Shu, a well-known physicist at home and abroad. In the afternoon, they were invited to visit the science labs, where various experiments attracted the students’ attention. The activity was a great success, from which all the students benefited a lot. Not only did the students experience the culture of the USTC, but they were motivated to work harder. 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文，就上周日学校组织部分学生到中国科学技术大学参观学习此事，写一篇 英文报告。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 参观内容和流程； 2. 活动的影响和意义。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） organize; volunteer; attend; be invited to; benefit; motivate 第三步：连词成句 1. Last Sunday, our school organized a group of students to pay a visit to the USTC. 2. In the afternoon, they were invited to visit the science labs, where various experiments attracted the students’ attention. 3. The activity was a great success, from which all the students benefited a lot. 4. Not only did the students experience the culture of the USTC, but they were motivated to work harder. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 文章中所使用的过渡词：and; then; not only......but also...... 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰 【点睛】[高分句型 1] In the morning, some volunteers from the USTC showed the students around the campus, introducing the history and the achievements of the USTC. (现在分词做伴随 状语) [高分句型 2] In the afternoon, they were invited to visit the science labs, where various experiments attracted the students’ attention.(关系副词 where 引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型 3] Not only did the students experience the culture of the USTC, but they were motivated to work harder.(not only 置于句首所引起的部分倒装结构)