2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit5Travellingabroad同步练习 人教版选修7

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit5Travellingabroad同步练习 人教版选修7

Unit 5 Travelling abroad 一、语基必备知识 ‎ (一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．cafeteria n．　　　　　　 自助食堂；自助餐厅 ‎2．shopkeeper n. 店主 ‎3．numb adj. 麻木的；失去知觉的 ‎4．enterprise n. 事业；事业心 ‎5．cage n. 鸟笼；兽槛 ‎6．battery n. 电池(组)；电瓶；炮台 ‎7．oilfield n. 油田 ‎8．tomb n. 坟墓 ‎9．inn n. 客栈 ‎10．site n. 地方；地点；现场 ‎11．substitute n. 代替者；代用品 vt. 用……代替……‎ ‎12．academic adj. 学校的；学术的 ‎13．essay n. 文章；散文 ‎14．visa n. 签证 ‎15．tutor n. 导师；助教；家庭教师 ‎16．draft n. 草稿；草案 vt. 草拟；起草 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．motherland n. 祖国 ‎2．lecture n．& vi. 演讲；讲课 ‎3．queue n. 队列；行列 vi. 排队 ‎4．idiom n. 习语；成语 ‎5．acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢 ‎6．routine n. 常规；日常事务 adj. 通常的；例行的 ‎7．optional adj. 可选择的；随意的 22‎ ‎8．destination n. 目的地 ‎9．hike vi.& n. 远足；徒步旅行 ‎10．agent n. 代理人；经纪人 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．qualify v．(使)合格；(使)具有资格→qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历 ‎2．prepare vt.准备→preparation n．准备；预备 ‎3．recommend vt.推荐；建议→recommendation n．推荐；建议 ‎4．comfort n．舒适；安慰 vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地 ‎5．require vt.需要；要求→requirement n．需要；要求 ‎6．revise vt.复查；修正；复习→revision n．复查；修正；复习 ‎7．acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢→acknowledgement n．承认 ‎8．occupy vt.占用；占领；占据→occupation n．职业→occupied adj.忙于；使用中 ‎9．apologize vi.道歉→apology n．道歉；谢罪 ‎10．option n．选择→optional adj.可选择的；随意的 ‎11．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→abundance n．丰富 ‎12．govern vt.& vi.统治；支配；管理→governor n．统治者→government n．政府 ‎1.“建议”高频词小结 ‎①advice n．　 　　　　 建议；忠告 ‎②advise vt. 建议；忠告 ‎③suggest vt. 建议；提议 ‎④suggestion n. 建议；提议 ‎⑤proposal n. 提议；建议 ‎⑥propose v. 建议；提议 ‎⑦recommend vt. 建议；推荐 ‎2.学会“道歉与原谅”‎ ‎①apologize vi.　　 道歉 ‎②apology n. 道歉；谢罪 ‎③excuse vt. 原谅；宽恕 ‎④forgive vt. 原谅；宽恕 ‎⑤pardon n. 原谅；宽恕 22‎ ‎⑥forget it 算了；没关系 ‎⑦never mind 没关系；不用担心 ‎3.“演讲， 报道”词汇一览 ‎①lecture n．& vi.　 演讲；讲课 ‎②speech n. 报告；演说 ‎③report n. 报告；报道 ‎④address vt. 演讲；致辞 ‎⑤deliver a speech 发表演讲 ‎⑥give a lecture 发表演讲 ‎ (二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．adjust__to　　　　　　　　 适应 ‎2．keep__it__up__ 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去 ‎3．fit__in__ 相适应；相融合 ‎4．as__far__as__one__is__concerned 就……而言 ‎5．be__occupied__with 忙着做……；忙于某事物 ‎6．day__in__and__day__out　　 日复一日 ‎7．out__of__the__question 不可能的；不值得讨论的 ‎8．settle__in (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来 ‎9．get/be__used__to 对……适应；习惯 ‎10．take__up 占用时间；占据空间；继续 ‎1.“无the有the”意义大不同 ‎①out of question　 　 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能的 ‎②in charge of 负责/掌管 in the charge of 由……负责/掌管 ‎③in possession of 拥有；占有 in the possession of 被……拥有/占有 ‎2.“v.＋in”的短语荟萃 ‎①fit in　　　　 相适应；相融合 ‎②believe in 相信；信任 ‎③cut in 插嘴；插话 ‎④take in 吸收；接受；欺骗 22‎ ‎⑤bring in 引进；生产；带来 ‎⑥involve in 卷入；涉及 ‎3.“be＋v.ed分词＋with”短语一览 ‎①be associated with　 与……相关 ‎②be bored with 对……厌烦 ‎③be connected with 与……有联系 ‎④be faced with 面临 ‎⑤be furnished with 安装有；提供 ‎⑥be occupied with 忙着做……；‎ ‎ 忙于某事物 ‎(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：It is/was the first time (that)．..意为“第一次……”，从句用完成时态 It was the first time she had__ever__left__her__motherland．‎ 这是她第一次离开她的祖国。‎ 句型2：“疑问词＋不定式”结构 But I was also very nervous as I didn’t know what__to__expect．.. ‎ 但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么……‎ 句型3：so...that意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句 I have been so__occupied__with__work__that I haven’t had time for social activities.　我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去参加社交活动。‎ 句型4：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装 In__the__high__plains__area__is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.‎ 在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant(丰富的) building types.‎ ‎2．As for me, reading newspapers has become my routine(通常的) work every day.‎ ‎3．Don’t jump the queue(队列) when all the people are waiting.‎ 22‎ ‎4．There will be a lecture(演讲) on pollution given by Professor Wang from Peking University in the Science Palace tomorrow morning.‎ ‎5．(全国卷)A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations(destination) in the world.‎ ‎6．(2019·北京卷)It’s never too early to make necessary __preparations(prepare) for a healthy and meaningful college experience.‎ Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact. 狗叫 ‎2．(2019·天津卷阅读A)What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？文章；散文__需要，要求 ‎3．(2019·天津卷阅读A)Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2，000 to 2，500 words.No illustrations(图解) are allowed.Please do not include covers.A list of references must be included.学术的 ‎4．(2019·天津卷阅读表达)Some of them make him know them.Like Faith，who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.自助食堂；自助餐厅 Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．These new shoes are not very comfortable though they are designed for comfort．(comfort)‎ ‎2．This is strictly required,__so if you don’t match this requirement,__please do not send your resume.(require)‎ ‎3．She apologized to the teacher for her being late, and he accepted her apology．(apologize)‎ ‎4．He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities, so his occupation brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy)‎ ‎5．The young man was recommended as manager of the big company thanks to the recommendation letter of his professor.(recommend)‎ Ⅳ.选词成篇 get used to; keep it up; fit in with; settle in; adjust oneself to; be occupied with; take up Getty is an exchange student from England. Since she 1.__settled__in China three years ago, she has 2.been__occupied__with her academic subject. Now she has completely 3.fitted__in__with the life in China although it was very difficult to 22‎ ‎ 4.adjust__herself__to a new environment at first.‎ As far as Getty’s husband and child were concerned, 5.getting__used__to Chinese life 6.took__up a lot of their spare time. Luckily, they did very well and they also hope to 7.keep__it__up. Most importantly, Getty is willing to contribute to the development of China and her motherland.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．那是我第一次参加交流生项目， 那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界， 而且增强了我的信心。‎ That__was__the__first__time__that__I__had__participated__in the exchange student program，which not only broadened my horizons but also improved my confidence.‎ ‎2．不知道如何解决这个问题， 我只得向你求助。‎ I am at__a__loss__how__to__deal__with__the__problem,__so I have no choice but to turn to you for help.‎ ‎3．改革开放政策如此成功以至于中国经济取得了显著的成就。‎ The policy of the reform and opening is__so__successful__that Chinese economy has made remarkable achievements.‎ ‎4．演讲者坐在演讲厅前面。‎ In the front of the lecture hall sat__the__speaker．‎ ‎ recommend　vt.推荐；建议；介绍；劝告 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①I recommend you to__have(have) a talk with your parents before you make any decision. ‎ ‎②(2019·北京卷)He recommended that she (should)__do(do) some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.‎ ‎③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇替换 ‎④A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River and that’s why I suggest the trip to you.(2017·北京卷书面表达)‎ A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River and that’s why I recommend the trip to you.‎ 22‎ recommend doing sth.　　 建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb.(should) do sth.‎ ‎ 建议某人做某事 ‎ (从句用虚拟语气)‎ recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人 ‎ [佳句背诵] My English teacher recommended buying an EnglishChinese dictionary which he thought would be of great help to my studies.　‎ 我的英语老师建议我买一本英汉词典，他认为这对我的学习有很大帮助。‎ ‎[名师点津] recommend和recommendation后接从句时，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎ comfort　n．舒适；安慰　vt.安慰 ‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.‎ ‎②But his mother didn’t give up and consistently comforted him with loving, encouraging words and tender care for his failure.‎ ‎ [能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③在现代，尽管人们过着舒适的生活，但他们不得不学会承受各种压力。‎ In modern times, people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they__are__leading__a__comfortable__life．‎ ‎(1)in comfort　　　　　 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to 对……是安慰 ‎(2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人 comfort oneself with sth.‎ ‎ 以某事来自我安慰 ‎(3)comfortable adj. 令人感到安慰的，舒适的 ‎[佳句背诵] As far as I’m concerned，a cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort.‎ 就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。‎ ‎ requirement　n．需要；要求；必要条件 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 22‎ ‎①(2018·浙江卷6月应用文写作)I hold the firm belief that I am competent to meet your requirement(require)．‎ ‎②It is required that the composition (should)__be__related(relate) to the students’ life.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 所有学生都要在早上7点在校门口集合，然后步行去公园。‎ ‎③All the students are__required__to__gather__at__the__school__gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.(require vt.)‎ ‎④My__requirement__is__that__all__the__students__should__gather at the school gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.(requirement n．)‎ ‎(1)meet/satisfy one’s requirement达到/满足某人的要求 ‎(2)require vt. 需要；需求 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 require that...(should) do sth. 要求……‎ ‎[名师点津] require作“需要”时，其后跟v.ing主动形式表示被动的含义或不定式的被动式，即：require doing/to be done。类似用法的词还有need，want，deserve，be worth等。‎ ‎ acknowledge　vt.承认；确认；答谢 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Her years of hard work have finally been__acknowledged(acknowledge) after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.‎ ‎②The country has acknowledged having__taken(take) every means to fight against any possible attack.‎ ‎③Professor Hawking is acknowledged as one of the world’s greatest physicists.‎ ‎[能力提升]——微写作 ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)大家普遍认为这部电影具有指导意义，并且充满情感。‎ It__is__widely__acknowledged__that the film is instructive and full of emotion.‎ ‎(1)acknowledge...to be/as　　 承认……是/‎ ‎ 为……‎ acknowledge doing/having done sth.‎ 22‎ ‎ 承认做了某事 It is acknowledged that... 大家公认……‎ ‎(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 ‎[佳句背诵] It is acknowledged that we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.‎ 大家公认除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。‎ ‎ occupy　vt.占用；占领；占据 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Later, I went to a café to have lunch, but all the tables were__occupied(occupy). ‎ ‎②Choosing an occupation(occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 她在家忙于照看三个孩子，没有时间参加俱乐部各种各样的活动。(occupy)‎ ‎③She is__occupied__in looking after three children at home, so she has no time to take part in the various activities in the club.‎ ‎④Occupied__in__looking__after three children at home, she has no time to take part in the various activities in the club.‎ ‎⑤Occupying__herself__in__looking__after three children at home, she has no time to take part in the various activities in the club.‎ ‎(1)occupy oneself with/in doing sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 忙于……；专心于……‎ ‎(2)occupied adj. 忙于……的；使用中的 be occupied (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth. 忙于某事 ‎(3)occupation n. 占领；职业；工作　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] You should set aside some time to participate in some afterclass activities although occupied with study.‎ 尽管忙于学习，你还是应该抽出一些时间参加课外活动。‎ ‎ keep it up　保持优秀成绩； 继续干下去 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)If the steps you take are working, keep it up. If not, take 22‎ ‎ another look at other methods you could try.‎ ‎②I keep wondering(wonder) how you feel about your school life in Beijing.‎ ‎③Old people are still keeping__up__old__traditions(保持老传统), to which they have been accustomed.‎ ‎[能力提升]——微写作 ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)永远记住吃饭时你不能太健谈。‎ Always__keep__in__mind__that you can’t be too talkative when you are eating.‎ ‎(1)keep up　　　　　　 坚持；维持；沿袭 keep up (with) 赶上；不落在后面 ‎(2)keep away from (使)不接近；(使)远离 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 keep(on) doing sth. 一直/继续做某事 keep in mind 记住；放在心上 ‎[佳句背诵] In face of the challenge for the moment, it’s the most important to keep up a good state of spirit.‎ 面对眼前的挑战，保持良好的精神状态是最重要的。‎ ‎ fit in　相适应；相融合 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Sharing with friends helped me bring back my confidence and fit in with others.‎ ‎②He tried as much as he could to fit in but he couldn’t because his mind was at home.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 尽管他来这里已经几乎一年了，可是他还是很难适应这里的环境。‎ ‎③Even though he has come here for almost one year, it is hard for him to fit__in__with__the__environment here.‎ ‎④Even though he has come here for almost one year, it is hard for him to adjust__to/adapt__to__the__environment here.‎ ‎(1)fit in with　　　　 与……合得来；适应 ‎(2)be fit for sth. 适合做某事 be fit to do sth. 胜任做某事 22‎ keep fit 保持健康 ‎[佳句背诵] When it comes to the effect, it will help you strengthen the awareness of keeping fit but it may cause you to be overly anxious.‎ 说到影响，它会帮助你增强保持健康的意识，但它可能会导致你过度焦虑。‎ It is/was the first time (that)．..意为“第一次……”，从句用完成时态 ‎(教材P38)It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.‎ 这是她第一次离开她的祖国。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Though it was the first time that I had__visited(visit) the small town, I fell in love with it at first sight.‎ ‎②It’s high time that we took/should__take(take) immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted.‎ ‎③The first time I left(leave) my motherland for America, I couldn’t adjust to the new surroundings quickly.‎ ‎④It is the second time that he has__come(come) late for such an important meeting.‎ ‎[能力提升]——微写作 ‎⑤(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)这是我第一次写申请和个人简历，因此我不知道是否有什么需要注意的。‎ This__is__the__first__time__that__I__have__written__an__application and the personal resume, so I don’t know if there is something to pay attention to.‎ ‎(1)It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋had done sth.“第一/二/……次做某事”。‎ ‎(2)It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time(that)＋has/have done sth.“第一/二/……次做某事”‎ ‎(3)the first/second...time＋从句“第一/二/……次……(引导时间状语从句)”‎ ‎(4)It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.“该是(某人)做某事的时候了”‎ It’s(about/high) time(that)．..should do/did sth.“到了……该做某事的时候了”　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] It was the third time that she had come to this mountainous village to see the children.‎ 这是她第三次来这个山村看孩子们。‎ 22‎ Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)‎ ‎1．Modern transportation offers us quicker and more comfortable(comfort) travelling and brings people to closer contact.‎ ‎2．Being occupied(occupy) with work should not be the reason for treating one’s neighbours as strangers.‎ ‎3．Canada is the second largest country in the world and it has abundant(abundance) fresh water.‎ ‎4．To our great surprise, the disabled person made a requirement that he (should)__be__received(receive) as a volunteer.‎ ‎5．With the final examination approaching，we’d better make full preparations(prepare) for it.‎ ‎6．Dear Ms. Jenkins，I would like to express my apology(apologize) for not being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday.‎ Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)‎ ‎1．Besides, the city is wellknown for its beautiful scenery, and it is also abundant in travelling resources.‎ ‎2．You don’t know what to__expect(expect) because the rules have all been changed and no one told you.‎ ‎3．Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in medicine, and it is the second time that Chinese has__won(win) the Nobel Prize.‎ ‎4．In addition, it is a good chance to learn new culture and make new friends, which can improve their communication skills.‎ ‎5．It is universally acknowledged that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness.‎ Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．Since he arrived in Beijing, he has adjusted to eat the northern food gradually.eat→eating ‎2．Occupied himself with too much homework, he had no time to participate in outdoor activities.Occupied→Occupying或删除himself ‎3．Doctors strongly recommended that my father must take more exercise regularly.must→should或删除must ‎4．He is now so tired that to walk another mile is out of question.在question前加the 22‎ ‎5．He has got used to live in the remote mountainous village without any modern conveniences.live→living Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)‎ ‎1．First of all, he told me, I couldn’t write what other people had said without acknowledging them.__vt.感谢 ‎2．As is well known to us, prices are very much governed by market demand.vt.决定；确定 ‎3．I’m very busy.I’ll try to fit in a game of tennis at weekend. vi.__给……安排时间 提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)‎ William used to be a taxi driver, which is a tough 1.occupation(occupy). Life was hard and not 2.comfortable(comfort) for him.Following his friends’ 3.recommendations(recommend), he applied for a loan backed by the federal 4.government(govern) and continued his college education at the age of 40.He selected several 5.optional(option) courses in addition to those 6.required(require) ones, hoping to obtain a 7.qualification(qualify). Though he had made good 8.preparations(prepare) beforehand, he didn’t adjust to 9.getting(get) along with his teachers in the beginning. Sometimes he even had to make an 10.apology(apologize) to his tutor for not being able to meet her requirements.However, William stuck it out and finally he achieved his ambition.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ 假设你是李华，你的朋友Peter在中国留学，但是他很难适应，写信向你求助，请按以下写作要点给他回信。‎ ‎①表示难过；②提出合理化建议；③提出希望。‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①得知你发现很难适应在中国生活和学习，我很难过，我想给你提一些实用的建议。‎ Sorry to hear that you find__it__hard__to__adjust__to__living__and__studying__in__China,__I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.‎ ‎②你最好放松。‎ You’d__better__take__it__easy.‎ ‎③因为这是你第一次到国外，你觉得很难安顿下来是自然的。‎ As this ‎ 22‎ is__the__first__time__that__you__have__been__in__a__foreign__country,__it’s natural for you to have__trouble__settling__in．‎ ‎④我强烈建议你多和同学交流，这不仅会提高你的汉语口语，也能帮助你和他们相处融洽。(定语从句)‎ I__strongly__recommend__that__you__communicate more with your classmates, which__will__not__only__improve__your__spoken__Chinese,__but__also__help__you__fit__in__with__them．‎ ‎⑤在中国学习能拓宽你的视野并给你一个体验丰富的中国传统文化的机会。‎ Studying in China can have__your__horizons__broadened;__and give you a chance to experience__abundant__traditional__Chinese__culture．‎ ‎⑥坚持下去，你一定会爱上中国。‎ Keep__it__up,__and__you__are__bound__to__love__China.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑦用独立主格结构升级句③‎ This__being__the__first__time__that__you__have__been__in__a__foreign__country,__it’s__natural__for__you__to__have__trouble__settling__in.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first of all, what’s more, as far as I am concerned)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Peter，‎ Sorry to hear that you find it hard to adjust to living and studying in China, I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.‎ First of all, you’d better take it easy. This being the first time that you have been in a foreign country, it’s natural for you to have trouble settling ‎ 22‎ in. I strongly recommend that you communicate more with your classmates, which will not only improve your spoken Chinese, but also help you fit in with them. What’s more, studying in China can have your horizons broadened and give you a chance to experience abundant traditional Chinese culture.‎ As far as I am concerned, keep it up, and you are bound to love China.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ (建议用时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·太原一模)New Haven, Connecticut—A surprise awaited students in Yale who showed up for Professor Laurie Santos’s class. They got slips of paper that said, “No class today.” There was only one rule for the students’ unexpected free time—They were not allowed to study, but to relax. Since exams and papers were coming up, everyone was tired and stressed. At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.‎ Yet, cancelling class was not just a break. It was also a challenge, as she was asking them to stop worrying about their grades, even if it was just an hour. One student went to the Yale University Art Gallery for the first time in her four years at Yale. A group of students went to a recording studio and played a new song. More people were outside, and more were smiling. That’s why about 1，200 students were taking Santos’s class, called “Psychology and the Good Life”， the largest class in Yale’s 317year history. Even nonYale students had the chance to take Santos’s class. It was offered as an online course and she immediately became an Internet hit.‎ Skyler Robinson, one of her students, was at a loss for a while about what to do during his break, and then decided to take a nap. “It was a great nap，” he commented. Santos designed the class after she realized that her students kept busy through long days that seemed far more depressing and joyless than her own college years. “They feel they’re in this crazy rat race. They’re working so hard that they can’t take a single hour off. That’s awful.”‎ The ideas behind the class are simple. Santos said, “It is the hope that science ‎ 22‎ can help students find peace among all the stresses and difficulties they face at college.” The lessons include showing more gratitude, performing acts of kindness and increasing social connections. The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a sciencedriven way. Santos also noted the psychological happening of “miswanting”， which led people to work towards the wrong goals in life.‎ One week, Santos asked students to exercise. Another week, she wanted them to get more sleep. They worked hard to keep some new habits. Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness. She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.‎ ‎【解题导语】　耶鲁大学心理学教授Laurie Santos取消课程，让学生去放松。她这样做是希望科学能帮助学生在大学里面对压力和困难时找到平静。‎ ‎1．How did students respond to the cancelling class?‎ A．They expressed their concern.‎ B．They were at a loss what to do.‎ C．They showed gratitude to the teacher.‎ D．They were eager to study individually.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.”可知，学生得知取消课程这一消息后，非常感动，并且对老师表达了感激之情。故选C。‎ ‎2．How can we know Santos’s class was popular?‎ A．From the attendance in her class.‎ B．From the subject she taught.‎ C．From the long history of Yale.‎ D．From the release of the online course.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That’s why about 1，200 students were taking Santos’s class...the largest class in Yale’s 317year history.”可知，Santos的这门课是耶鲁大学有史以来出勤人数最多的一门课，由此可知她的课程非常受欢迎。故选A。‎ ‎3．What can students learn from Santos’s class?‎ A．To develop good study habits.‎ B．To let exercise become their routine.‎ C．To better understand how to find happiness.‎ D．To do something joyful during the stressful time.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a sciencedriven way.”和第五段中的“Social science research led 22‎ ‎ to many new understandings of how people find happiness.”可推知，Santos的课程可以教学生们更好地理解如何寻找快乐。故选C。‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．Santos had a more stressful time in her college.‎ B．Students would be in rat race after Santos’s class.‎ C．Santos’s influence can reach a wider range of people.‎ D．Santos is going to cancel more classes for better effects.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.”并结合全文内容可知，Santos的课程不仅仅能影响耶鲁大学，也能在其他地方产生影响。故选C。‎ ‎【难句分析】　A surprise awaited students in Yale who showed up for Professor Laurie Santos’s class.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主语是“A surprise”，谓语是“awaited”； who引导定语从句，指代students in Yale。‎ 译文：一个惊喜等待着参加Laurie Santos教授的课的耶鲁大学的学生们。‎ B ‎(2020·福建质检)Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school curriculum, including money management, job preparation and domestic tasks. New research from Monash University showed Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of technology, coding and artificial intelligence subjects in student curriculum to prepare them for future jobs.‎ Coauthor Professor Neil Selwyn, from Monash’s new Education Futures think tank, said the survey results of more than 2，000 Australians had taken himself and Dr. Deana Leahy by surprise.“The life skills—I wasn’t expecting that at all，” he said. Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, and were also given an open space to write what they think should be included. Prof. Selwyn said people called for schools to teach financial skills, budgeting, cooking and doing taxes.“You could argue that these are things people should be learning themselves, or learning from their families，” he said.“But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”‎ One respondent said schools should introduce a “contemporary life skills” subject：“A compulsory 1hour a week class on skills needed that parents seem ‎ 22‎ continually unable to teach their kids”. Suggestions for the class included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims. Another respondent called for students to be taught “general life skills” as unfortunately not enough kids will have parents to actually be bothered to educate them or simply parents don’t know themselves.‎ Of the subjects, maths was the highest ranked(75.5 percent), followed closely by English(74.8 percent). And while science was the third highest ranked subject(46.2 percent), it was more strongly supported by those who earned higher wages and were universityeducated compared to lower income earners.‎ Aspects of school life considered least important were students having fun, learning about things that interested them and being given the opportunity to be creative.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。来自莫纳什大学的新的研究表明，澳大利亚成年人广泛支持将科技、人工智能等科目引入学校课程，以让学生为他们未来的工作做好准备。‎ ‎5．Why did the adults suggest adding “life skills” to school curriculum?‎ A．To vary school curriculum.‎ B．To enrich students’ school life.‎ C．To prepare students for future work and life.‎ D．To save parents the trouble of educating kids.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of...to prepare them for future jobs”，并结合该段内容可知，澳大利亚成年人支持将“生活技能”引入学校课程旨在让学生为他们未来的工作和生活做好准备，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What did Prof. Selwyn think of the adults’ suggestions?‎ A．Reasonable. B．Ridiculous.‎ C．Interesting. D．Impractical.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You could argue that...But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”可知，Selwyn教授认为成年人将“生活技能”引入学校课程的建议是合乎情理的，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．What does paragraph 3 focus on?‎ A．Differences of school subjects.‎ B．Reasons for the school survey.‎ C．Opinions from the surveyed.‎ 22‎ D．Investigations of the respondents.‎ C　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“One respondent said schools should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject”和“Another respondent called for students to be taught ‘general life skills’”可知，第三段主要介绍了被调查者的观点，故C项正确。‎ ‎8．What can we know from the text?‎ A．The present curriculum is to adults’ taste.‎ B．Contemporary life skills involve resume writing.‎ C．Students’ interests have been greatly promoted.‎ D．The parents quizzed think well of school life.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One respondent said schools should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject...included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims.”可知，当代生活技能包括写简历、提交纳税申报单和健康索赔，故B项正确。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, and were also given an open space to write what they think should be included.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。本句中and连接两个并列结构，其中“what they think should be included”为what引导的宾语从句，作及物动词write的宾语。‎ 译文：那些被询问者被要求评估已经在课程中的科目清单的价值，并且也给予他们一个预留的空白处来写下他们认为应该包括的内容。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·桂林、崇左联合模拟)“Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree with this point.Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life.1.________ What’s more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us.In my view, you should pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation.‎ To start a good conversation we’d better prepare some questions.2.________ We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others.Like, do you have a good sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw a question to others.‎ ‎3．________ We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes.Allow the others to do most of the talking.Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully.4.________‎ 22‎ ‎ In this way you will get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and it will help you to make friends with others.‎ We always say eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious.5.________ It will help us to improve mutual(相互的) understanding.Do not hesitate to look into them.But don’t stare at them and don’t look at them for too long a time.It would make others feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking.‎ A．Good questions make people feel comfortable.‎ B．Without conversation, life would be as cold as a rock.‎ C．The most important part of conversation is to listen.‎ D．Enjoy a good conversation and be friends with them.‎ E．Do not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly.‎ F．They have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us.‎ G．During conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了与人交谈应注意的三个方面。‎ ‎1．B　解析：根据空前的“Conversation is the main part of everyone’s daily life.”可知，交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要性，故B项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石。”符合语境。‎ ‎2．A　解析：根据本段的主题句“To start a good conversation we’d better prepare some questions.”可知，我们在开始好的交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others.”可知，空处应是在说明问问题的益处，故A项“好的问题会让人感到舒服。”符合语境。‎ ‎3．C　解析： 根据下文中的“pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes”“Allow the others to do most of the talking.”“show you are listening carefully”和“a good listener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故C项“交谈中最重要的部分是倾听。”符合语境。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据上文中的“Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some noise to show you are listening carefully.”可知，空处应是对上文中“listening carefully”的进一步说明，故E项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们。”符合语境。‎ ‎5．G　解析：根据本段的内容可知，本段主要说明的是眼神交流在交谈中的重要性，G项中的“look the speakers in the eye”与上文中的“eye contact”及下文中的“look into them”相呼应，故G项符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 22‎ ‎(2020·石家庄一模)Calligraphy, the art of writing, was the visual art form prized above all others in traditional China. Painting was contemporary with calligraphy, sharing 1.____________ same tools—brush and ink. Yet calligraphy was regarded 2.____________ a fine art long before painting.‎ The status of calligraphy reflects the importance of the word in China. 3.____________ makes the written words distinctive is its visual form. However, despite its abstract 4.____________(appear), calligraphy is not an abstract form. Chinese characters are dynamic, closely connected with the forces of nature and the kinesthetic(动觉的) energies of the human body.‎ How can a simple character convey all this? The use of brush and ink 5.____________(have) much to do with it. A calligrapher can control the 6.____________(thick) of the ink by varying both the amount of water and the solid ink. Once he starts writing, by loading the brush sometimes with 7.____________(much) ink or sometimes with less, he creates characters that resemble a shower of rocks here and a drop of dew(露水) there.‎ The Chinese written language 8.____________(begin) to develop more than 3，000 years ago and 9.____________(eventual) evolved into five basic script types. Over the centuries, calligraphers were free to write in any of them, 10.____________(depend) on the text’s function. The calligraphic tradition remains alive today.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。书法是中国的传统艺术，它在中国的地位反映了文字在中国的重要性。本文主要介绍了书法的艺术特点。‎ ‎1．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：绘画与书法是同时代的，它们共享同样的工具，即毛笔和墨水。该处特指“同样的工具”，same前常用the。‎ ‎2．as　解析：考查介词。be regarded as为固定搭配，意为“被视为……”。‎ ‎3．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故填What引导该主语从句。‎ ‎4．appearance　解析：考查名词。句意：然而，尽管其外观抽象，但书法不是一种抽象的形式。根据句意以及空前的形容词abstract可知，空处应填名词形式。‎ ‎5．has　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：笔墨的使用与此有很大关系。此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时，该句主语为The use，为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has。‎ ‎6．thickness　解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词形式，故填thickness。‎ 22‎ ‎7．more　解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级less，并结合语境可知，该处表示“运用更多或者更少的墨水”，故填比较级more。‎ ‎8．began　解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“more than 3，000 years ago”并结合句意可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故填一般过去式。‎ ‎9．eventually　解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，空处修饰动词短语evolved into，故填副词形式。‎ ‎10．depending　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：几个世纪以来，书法家可以根据文本的功能自由地使用任何一种类型。depending on“根据，取决于”为固定搭配。‎ 22‎