【英语】2018届二轮复习定语从句在书面表达中的运用技巧教案（6页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习定语从句在书面表达中的运用技巧教案（6页）

‎2018届二轮复习 定语从句在书面表达中的运用技巧 一、写作中常用的几种定语从句 ‎1．关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。‎ I learned this from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school life.(2013·湖北高考满分作文)‎ 我是在高一时所经历的一件事中学会这一点的。‎ A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.(2013·福建高考满分作文)‎ 没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。‎ People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes, which are the special food for this festival.(2013·辽宁高考满分作文)‎ 人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。‎ ‎2．关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句是指when，where，why引导的定语从句。‎ The reason why people celebrate the festival is that they believe it is the time when the moon is at its fullest and brightest in the whole year, and people will gather together eating moon cakes and appreciating the full moon.(2013·辽宁高考满分作文)‎ 人们庆祝这个节日的原因是，他们相信这时候是一年中月亮最满、最亮的时候，人们聚在一起吃月饼、赏满月。‎ ‎3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句 Years of school life have taught me a lot of things, of which what strikes me most is that we should take care not to hurt others with our words, deliberately or by accident.(2013·湖北高考满分作文)‎ 多年的校园生活教会了我很多东西，其中使我印象最深的是我们应该尽量不要用言语伤害别人，无论是故意还是无意。‎ ‎[即时演练]　用适当的关系词填空 ‎1．Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society.(2013·广东高考满分作文)‎ ‎2．As we all know, cleaning streets is one of the hardest work.(2013·广东高考满分作文)‎ ‎3．My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud, which they think will help improve my memory.(2013·四川高考书面表达)‎ ‎4．I will never forget the days when we worked in the small town.‎ ‎5．She was educated at Beijing University, after which she went to have her advanced study abroad.‎ 二、定语从句的写法 定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用“三步法”：‎ ‎[示例]‎ 第一步：写出两个简单句。‎ ‎①The foreigner is from Canada.‎ ‎②He visited our class yesterday.‎ 第二步：在句①中找出一个要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。‎ 第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作引导词。‎ The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada. ‎ ‎[即时演练]　把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句 ‎1．I’ve always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then.‎ I’ve_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent.‎ ‎2．I have a friend. Her father is an engineer.‎ I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.‎ ‎3．They planted the trees. The trees didn’t need much water.‎ They_planted_the_trees_that/which_didn’t_need_much_water.‎ ‎4．This is the best method. It can be used against pollution.‎ This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.‎ ‎5．They sent the elderly some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them. The elderly always feel lonely.‎ They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_lonely,_‎ cleaned_the_rooms_and_had_a_good_chat_with_them.‎ 三、定语从句写作的几点注意事项 ‎1．误用关系词 误：I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.‎ 正：I live in Beijing, which is the capital of China.‎ 误：I have a friend, who’s name is Liu Mei.‎ 正：I have a friend, whose name is Liu Mei.‎ ‎2．句子残缺 误：There were many students took part in the English competition.‎ 正：There were many students who took part in the English competition.‎ 误：Those who in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.‎ 正：Those who are in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.‎ ‎3．有多余词 误：The film I saw it last night was really very good.‎ 正：The film I saw last night was really very good.‎ 误：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood.‎ 正：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood.‎ ‎4．定语从句与并列句的混淆 误：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, it does great harm to people’s health.‎ 正：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, which/and it does great harm to people’s health.‎ 误：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, it didn’t help.‎ 正：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, which/but it didn’t help.‎ ‎[即时演练]　单句改错 ‎1．Those have work experience can find a job easily.________________‎ 答案：Those后加who ‎2．Some songs remind us of the people which we love.________________‎ 答案：which→ who(m)‎ ‎3．This is the factory we visited it last year.________________‎ 答案：去掉it ‎4．She has been a teacher for 30 years in the place where used to be a poor area.________________‎ 答案：where→ which/that ‎5．As a child, Jack studied in a village school, it is named after his grandfather.________________‎ 答案：it→ which或在it前加and ‎[综合演练提升]　‎ Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．I often think about the times when I have felt hurt and insulted by rude remarks from strangers and sometimes even from acquaintances.(feel)‎ 我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。(2013·湖北高考满分作文)‎ ‎2．Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two_of_whom_influenced_me_‎ greatly.(influence)‎ 上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。(2013·湖北高考满分作文)‎ ‎3．Five years ago, I went to have a piano test.Unfortunately, the teacher who_was_to_carry_‎ out_the_test was a very strict man.(carry)‎ 五年前，我去参加钢琴考试。不幸的是进行考试的老师是一个非常严格的人。(2012·湖北高考满分作文)‎ ‎4．I wanted to make a model house but suddenly I found the_materials_that_I_had weren't enough.(have)‎ 我想做一个房子模型，突然发现我所有的材料不够。(2012·湖北高考满分作文)‎ ‎5．I would visit some museums which_should_not_be_missed to widen my horizons as well as enrich my knowledge.(miss)‎ 我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是 不应错过的。(2013·山东高考满分作文)‎ ‎6．As_you_know,_Chinese knots are very popular with Chinese people.(know)‎ 你知道，中国结非常受中国人的喜欢。(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)‎ ‎7．You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.(live)‎ 你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)‎ ‎8．Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which_makes_the_‎ children_rely_on_their_parents badly.(make)‎ 当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。(2013·福建高考满分作文)‎ Ⅱ.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。‎ ‎1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。‎ ‎2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。‎ ‎3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。‎ ‎4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。‎ ‎5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。‎ 参考范文：‎ I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we ‎ all like her. Kate took the first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs.‎