江苏省徐州市某中学2019-2020学年高二下学期第一次学考英语试卷 (1)

江苏省徐州市某中学2019-2020学年高二下学期第一次学考英语试卷 (1)

英 语 注意事项：本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟，考试形式为在线考试。‎ 第一部分 单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ ‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上相应位置进行填涂。‎ ‎1. The private place is only accessible to the royal family and those who have the _______ granted by the Queen.‎ ‎ A. certificate B. privilege C. dignity D. elegance ‎ ‎2. _____ of their bad habits, the boys switched from being dependent on their parents to _____ for others.‎ ‎ A. Having rid; sacrificing B. To rid; sacrifice ‎ ‎ C. Rid; sacrificing D. Having been rid; sacrifice ‎ ‎3. __________ throughout the countryside and remote areas, satellite dishes make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities.‎ ‎ A. Seen distributing B. Seen to be distributed ‎ C. Seen distributed D. Having seen distributed ‎4. The job applicant was not qualified for the vacant position as he didn’t have the _______ experience as required for the job.‎ ‎ A. obvious B. ambitious C. relevant D. apparent ‎5. What would have happened _________, as far as the river bank?‎ A. if Bob has walked farther B. had Bob walked farther C. if Bob should walk farther D. if Bob walked farther ‎ ‎6. The cloth that she bought looks ______, feels ______ and sells _______.‎ A. beautiful; soft; well B. beauty; softly; well ‎ C. beautifully; softly; good D. beautiful; soft; good ‎7. I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _______ you waiting for such a long time.‎ A. will not keep B. have not kept C. had not kept D. would not have kept ‎8. Those who continuously acquire new knowledge that they can ________ their work are more likely to succeed.‎ ‎ A. contribute to            B. correspond to        C. subscribe to      D. apply to     ‎ ‎9. The salesman sold me the car at a lower price and added some fancy gifts_______.‎ ‎ A. for example B. for sale C. for good measure D. for one thing ‎10. The belief, as is a commonly accepted saying, _______ practice makes perfect fails to work wonders if repeated without action.‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎11. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________. ‎ ‎ A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mother’s being ill ‎ C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill ‎12. Speaking in an inspection in Yunnan Province, Xi Jinping said authorities must _______ poverty removal efforts to support the building of a rich and successful country.‎ A. participate B. allocate C. appreciate D. accelerate ‎13. Please don't ________ these details to anyone else. Just keep them to yourself.‎ ‎ A. give out B. let out C. point out D. put out ‎14. It was not until I was chosen monitor of the class _____ to realize the importance of teamwork.‎ A. did I come B. had I come C. when I came D. that I came ‎15. Picasso experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, _______ often uses acute angles and ______ the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.‎ A. what; where B. which; where C. which; which D. that; which ‎16. Cable TV began in 1948 in the USA, but it took 50 years______ 66 percent of American households had it.‎ ‎ A. before B. when C. after D. until ‎17. Don't leave the water __________ while you brush your teeth. ‎ ‎ A. run   B. running C. being run D. to run ‎18. Your parents seem very much opposed ________ abroad. What will you do about it?‎ ‎ A. your going B. you to go C. to your going D. your to go ‎19. When the student wanted to have a go, the teacher gave him a nod of ________. ‎ ‎ A. support B. promise C. approval D. suggestion ‎20. ________ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.‎ A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The dangers of sitting all day are obvious. Researchers have shown that remaining sitting for extended periods of time (like at your 9-to-5 desk job) can do harm to your health. While exercise is a big part of reducing the harmful effects of sitting, it was unclear how many gym periods were needed to help – until now.‎ A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary（久坐的）job. Instead of a fixed number of hours spent exercising, the ratio（比率）depends on how much you sit: people who work a typical eight-hour day should spend at least one hour each day moving. If you sit six hours a day, you should spend half an hour exercising. The research also indicates that the exercise doesn’t have to be all once – or rigorous（严格的）. It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking.‎ The team behind the study analyzed data from a pool of a million adults over the age of 45 in Western Europe, the United States, and Australia. Using previous data, the researchers examined data from 16 published studies and used it to determine how much exercise is required to compensate for sitting. Their recommended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day.‎ Fitting in an hour of exercise a day sounds especially discouraging if you have a desk job, but there are plenty of workouts you can complete before and after work. Even if it means taking a 10-minute walk during lunch, your body will thank you in the long run.‎ ‎21. The underlined words “compensate for” can be best replaced by ________.‎ A. make up for B. break away from C. give up D. take the place of ‎22. According to the new study, good news for the people working long hours at desk is that ________.‎ A. workouts may reduce the harm of sitting for long B. the harm of sitting for long has been proved C. they don’t have to exercise as long as suggested previously D. the time spent on exercise is flexible ‎23. What can be inferred from the article?‎ A. The best form of workouts is walking.‎ B. The longer you exercise, the better.‎ C. The new exercise goal is practical though higher.‎ D. A desk job makes it impossible to exercise regularly.‎ ‎24. The second paragraph is developed mainly ________.‎ A. by example B. by process C. by comparison D. by contrast B Children and Youth Sidewalk Sale Young people are bursting with artistic energy. The Children and Youth Sidewalk Sale (CYSS) of the Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts is a fun way for boys and girls to express themselves visually. It focuses on encouraging the creative growth of young people, believing they can develop their artistic potential through personal expression in individual original objects.‎ CYSS is a highlight of Children and Youth Day, Wednesday, July 12, 2018. This day features performances for and by young people, art and craft workshops and demonstrations. All artists must ‎ be between the ages of 8 and 18 and live or have relatives living in any of the centrally located Pennsylvania counties to participate.‎ All artworks must be original and age-appropriate for the event’s audience, most of whom are under 18. The sales of work made from small animals and the sales of food are prohibited. A complete listing of the rules can be found in the application. Please review the rules carefully as they may have changed since you last participated in the event.‎ Artists must personally be present during the entire day. Representatives, including family members, may not attend in place of the artist.‎ How to Enter ‎1. Complete both sides of the entry form. A parent signature is required.‎ ‎2. On a separate sheet, provide a brief description of the artwork and the materials used. Do not send samples; they cannot be returned.‎ ‎3. Enclose at least one photograph of your work.‎ ‎4. Mail application and photo of your work to P. O. Box 1023, Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts.‎ ‎25. What’s the aim of CYSS?‎ A. To teach young people to develop their interest in arts.‎ B. To help young people get some extra money for their work.‎ C. To get young people to develop their artistic potential.‎ D. To improve the performing skills of young people.‎ ‎26. What’s the feature of Children and Youth Day?‎ A. All the artworks are original and proper for young people.‎ B. Most of the artworks are focused on animal protection.‎ C. The participants must be residents of central Pennsylvania.‎ D. The sales of artworks about animals are not allowed.‎ ‎27. Which of the following is required for application?‎ A. A sample of the applicant’s artwork. B. A return envelope with stamps on it.‎ C. Detailed description of the artwork. D. The signature of the applicant’s parent.‎ C ‎“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger,” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.‎ By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.‎ In her Study, participants were randomly(随机地) assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy(疗法) with a nurse before and after quit day.‎ Six months later, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it--more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.‎ And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them addiction and withdrawal symptoms(脱瘾症状) before they even reached the day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s acceptable. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.‎ People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.‎ ‎28. What dose Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?‎ A. She quit smoking with her daughter’s help.‎ B. She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.‎ C. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.‎ D. She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.‎ ‎29. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study?‎ A. They were given physical training. B. They were offered nicotine replacement.‎ C. They were encouraged by psychologist. D. They were looked after by physicians.‎ ‎30. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment?‎ A. It is encouraging B. It is unexpected C. It is impractical C. It is misleading ‎31. Take the idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) as an example to show that quitting smoking .‎ A. is something few can accomplish B. requires a lot of patience C. needs some practice first D. is a challenge at the beginning D That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the first night effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.‎ Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.‎ The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.‎ Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.‎ ‎32. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?‎ A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.‎ B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.‎ C. She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.‎ D. She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.‎ ‎33. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?‎ A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.‎ B. She recruited (招募) 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.‎ C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.‎ D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.‎ ‎34. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?‎ A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.‎ B. She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.‎ C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli (刺激物).‎ D. She compared the responses of different participants.‎ ‎35. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?‎ A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.‎ B. They tended to recognize irregular beeps as a threat.‎ C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.‎ D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.‎ 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Many of us are hardwired NOT to ask for help. We think it makes us appear weak. We think people will say no. we think we have to do everything ourselves. ___36___. We have to get over that, and there’s how:‎ Get over yourself No one—and I mean NO ONE----got anywhere alone. You cannot and should not do everything yourself. You are not, in fact, always the best person for the job, or the “only” person who can do it. Asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness. Asking for help clears space for you and frees your time and energy. ___37___.‎ Rebuild your thinking Rebuild what it means to ask for help from “I am a weak, incompetent loser” to “I am strategically allocating my time to focus on what matters most.” Don’t focus on the fact that you can’t do something or don’t have the time. ___38___. It’s a chance to connect, a chance to value a colleague, a chance to get something done faster or better, a chance to optimize your own time and talents.‎ ‎____39___‎ Asking for help is about tapping valuable resources to get the best outcome the most quickly with the fewest resources expended. That’s a fancy way of saying “get the right people for the job.” __40___. And the best way to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.‎ A. Know your colleagues.‎ B. Think about your colleagues.‎ C. Your energy can’t be wasted.‎ D. It’s a smart strategy.‎ E. It’s all about building the right team.‎ F. Instead, think about what you will gain from the ask.‎ G. Whatever the reason, we don’t ask for the help we need.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 30） ‎ 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分20 分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ For The Flying Classroom’s second project, 11 of us from Tehran went to Tokhme-Baloot, a rural village in Ilam, one of the poorest provinces in the country. ___41___ by the government, Ilam has a high rate of unemployment, __42___ and drug use. People there used to make their living by farming, but now this way of life is ___43___ by constant famine (饥荒). The situation for children there is ___44___. Boys who don’t do well in school must start work after eighth grade and girls who don’t do well in school stay at home doing __45___ or get married.‎ Because our research before the trip made us believe there were large ___46___ around the village, we planned our project concept around oak (橡树) trees and squirrels to make the children ___47___ the beauty of the environment.‎ ‎___48___, when we arrived at the village, we saw that there were only flat, __49___ grass fields. Tokhme-Baloot was far less ___50___ than we had expected. The village had only gotten gas and electricity four years earlier, and it was sometimes __51___ in the winter. After we saw the village and the surrounding area, the best concept for the project that we could think of focused on the respect for ___52___.‎ We began working with the students. Children started ___53___ the school equipment in bright colors. My colleague Zoya and I cut a dead branch into pieces and painted it to recreate a tree inside the school, as a symbol of nature __54___ by children, and on it we hung the squirrels and cranes. We left the school in bright colors with objects to ___55___ the children’s imaginations.‎ Projects like ours are viewed ___56___ by Iran’s government, and during our trip we were __57___ twice, once by the army and once by Basij, a paramilitary (准军事的) militia (民兵组织). They came to the school and talked to our group’s founder about the project, questioning him about its __58___, who supported it, who our members were, etc. After the tip, we ___59___ that The Flying Classroom might be stopped, but ___60___, it wasn’t.‎ ‎41. A. Supported B. Ignored C. Cheated D. Valued ‎42. A. poverty B. influence C. development D. increase ‎43. A. used B. covered C. threatened D. enjoyed ‎44. A. hopeful B. poor C. wonderful D. strange ‎45. A. homework B. cooking C. chores D. washing ‎46. A. companies B. factories C. forests D. markets ‎47. A. destroy B. appreciate C. forget D. decide ‎48. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead ‎49. A. false B. dusty C. poisonous D. rare ‎50. A. developed B. visited C. known D. polluted ‎51. A. benefited B. produced C. burned D. interrupted ‎52. A. war B. nature C. love D. god ‎53. A. dreaming B. stealing C. painting D. borrowing ‎54. A. praised B. written C. created D. saved ‎55. A. limit B. inspire C. share D. check ‎56. A. skeptically B. naturally C. wonderfully D. secretly ‎57. A. sentenced B. killed C. interviewed D. rescued ‎58. A. purpose B. result C. income D. success ‎59. A. hoped B. concluded C. pretended D. feared ‎60. A. secondly B. fortunately C. unluckily D. gradually 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ These days, people ___61___ (do) manual work often receive far more money ___62___ clerks who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently ___63___(refer) to as 'white-collar workers' for the simple reason ___64___ they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. ___65___ is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay ___66___ the privilege of becoming white collar workers. This can give rise to curious situations, ___67___ it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation. When he got married, Alf was too ___68___(embarrass) to say anything to his wife about his job. He ___69___(simple) told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home ___70___(dress) in a smart black suit. ‎ 第三节：单词拼写（共10空，每空1分，共10分）‎ 71. E___71___ is a process of gradual change that takes place over many generations, during which species of animals, plants, or insects slowly change some of their physical characteristics.‎ 72. Emile invented a record player that used discs as a___72___ to tubes, so the modern record player was born.‎ 73. No matter what c___73___, when the phone rings, everything stops so that the call can be answered.‎ 74. The course has four main c___74___: business law, finance, computing and management skills.‎ 75. The beautiful island is only a___75___ by boat.‎ 76. Gravity is a natural p___76___ (现象).‎ 77. A needle is used for letting liquid out of body parts which had ___77___ (肿胀) up.‎ 78. Aspirin has the ___78___ (可能性) to reduce the risk of heart attacks.‎ 79. This medicine has proved ___79___ (有益的) to mankind, because it has saved millions of people’s lives.‎ 80. The kidney plays a ___80___ (极其重要的) role in the removal of waste products from the blood.‎ 参考答案与评分标准 第一部分 单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ ‎1-5 BCCCB 6-10 ADDCC 11-15 CDBDB 16-20ABCCB 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎21 -24 ADCA 25-27 CAD 28-31 DBAC 32-35 CACB ‎ 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） ‎ ‎36.G 37.D 38.F 39.A 40.E ‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分30分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） ‎ ‎41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A ‎ ‎51. D 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎61 doing 62 than 63 referred 64 that 65 Such ‎66 for 67 as 68 embarrassed 69 simply 70 dressed 第三节：单词拼写（共10空，每空1分，共10分）‎ ‎71 Evolution 72 alternatives 73 circumstances 74 components 75 accessible ‎76 phenomenon 77 swollen 78 potential 79 beneficial 80 vital