【英语】陕西省咸阳市实验中学2019-2020学年高二上学期第二次月考（解析版）

【英语】陕西省咸阳市实验中学2019-2020学年高二上学期第二次月考（解析版）

陕西省咸阳市实验中学2019-2020学年 高二上学期第二次月考 第I卷（共90分）‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束时，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift.‎ ‎2. What is the woman going to do?‎ A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera.‎ ‎3. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Tell Kate to stop. B. Call Kate’s friends. C. Stay away from Kate.‎ ‎4. Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant.‎ ‎5. What does the woman mean?‎ A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan.‎ 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the man going to do this summer?‎ A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel.‎ ‎7. How will the man use the money?‎ A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates.‎ ‎9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?‎ A. Work as a programmer. B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Why does the woman make the call?‎ A. To book a hotel. ‎ B. To ask about the room service. ‎ C. To make changes to a reservation.‎ ‎11. When will the woman arrive at the hotel?‎ A. On September 15. B. On September 16. C. On September 23.‎ ‎12. How much will the woman pay for her room per night?‎ A. $179. B. $199. C. $219.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?‎ A. Going shopping. B. Going camping. C. Going boating.‎ ‎14. Where will the woman stay in Keswick?‎ A. In a country inn. B. In a five-star hotel. C. In her aunt’s home.‎ ‎15. What will Gordon do over the weekend?‎ A. Visit his friends. B. Watch DVDs. C. Join the woman.‎ ‎16. What does the woman think of Gordon’s coming weekend?‎ A. Relaxed. B. Boring. C. Busy.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Who is Wang Ming?‎ A. A student. B. An employer. C. An engineer.‎ ‎18. What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?‎ A. It’s unpredictable. B. It’s quite stable. C. It’s not optimistic.‎ ‎19. What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?‎ A. 20% B. 22%. C. 50%.‎ ‎20. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?‎ A. They need more work experience.‎ B. The salary is usually good. ‎ C. Their choice is limited.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。‎ A Share with us!‎ Would you like to have your writing published in this magazine?‎ Then let us know! We pay for stories, anecdotes and jokes:‎ Anecdotes and Jokes ‎ ‎$50‎ What’s made you laugh recently? A funny sign? A colleague’s behaviour? Got a joke? Send it in for Laughter is the Best Medicine!‎ Email: Juliet@sws.com Smart Animals Up to $100 ‎ Send us a tale about the strange behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up to 300 words.‎ Email: audrey@sws.com Power of Love Up to $150‎ Acts of generosity can change lives or just give you that warm feeling full of love. Share your moments in 100-500 words.‎ Email: susan@sws.com My Story ‎$350‎ Do you have an inspiring or life-changing story to tell? Your story must be true, unpublished, original and 800-1000 words.‎ Email: nanjc@sws.com For more information, please visit: http://www.sws.com./share ‎1. How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published?‎ A. $50. B. $100. C. $150. D. $350.‎ ‎2. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to ________.‎ A. Anecdotes and Jokes B. Smart Animals C. Power of Love D. My Story ‎3. A story showing people’s generosity should be emailed to the editor at ________.‎ A. juliet@sws.com B. susan@sws.com C. Audrey@sws.com D. nanjc@sws.com ‎4. An inspiring story sent to the magazine should ________.‎ A. describe strange behaviour B. contain less than 800 words C. be real and original D. be published before ‎【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Anecdotes and Jokes 部分提到的$50可知，刊登一个笑话付费50美元。故选A项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Smart Animals部分提到的句子“Send us a tale about the strange ‎ behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up to 300 words.(用300个字给我们讲一个关于独特宠物或野生动物奇怪行为的故事)”可知，如果你想与读者分享宠物故事，应提交给Smart Animals。故选B项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Power of Love部分提到的句子“Acts of generosity can change lives or just give you that warm feeling full of love. Share your moments in 100-500 words. Email: susan@sws.com(慷慨的行为可以改变生活，或者只是给你充满爱的温暖感觉．用100-500个单词分享你的时刻．电子邮箱：susan@sws．com)”可知，展示人们慷慨的故事应发送电子邮件到邮箱是susan@sws.com的编辑。故选B正确。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据My Story部分提到的句子“Your story must be true, unpublished, original and 800-1000 words.”可知，发送给杂志的鼓舞人的故事应是真实的原创的。故选C项正确。‎ B Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. "There's so much to learn," he'd say. "Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.‎ Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment—the time to share the day's new learning. Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. "Felice," he'd say, "tell me what you learned today.” "I learned that the population of Nepal is ....” Silence.‎ Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well ... ” he’d say. “Get the map; let's see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.‎ This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.‎ As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another's education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.‎ Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.‎ ‎5. What do we know from the first paragraph?‎ A. The author's father was born in a worker's family.‎ B. Those born stupid could not change their life.‎ C. The town elders wanted to learn about the world.‎ D. The poor could hardly afford school education.‎ ‎6. The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to _________.‎ A. one new thing B. a request C. the news D. some comment ‎7. It can be learned from the passage that the author __________.‎ A. enjoyed talking about news B knew very well about Nepal C. felt regret about those wasted days D. appreciated his father's educational technique ‎8. The author's father can be best described as ___________.‎ A. an educator expert at training future teachers B. a parent insistent on his children's education C. a participant willing to share his knowledge D. a teacher strict about everything his students did ‎【答案】5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then.”可知，作者的父亲早早辍学就是因为家中贫穷，那时的教育只有富人才能享受得起。故选D项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词所在句“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.”可知，每天作者一家人会谈论今日见闻，不论有多么不值一提，都会被认真对待，显然这里的it指代的就是the news of the day。故选C项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.”可知，作者父亲传递的坚持学习的思想，让作者在自己的教室生涯乃至一生中都受益匪浅，可见作者对父亲的教育理念是心存感激的。故选D项。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.”和第二段第一句“Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day.”可知，作者的父亲决心让自己的孩子接受教育，并且坚持终身学习的理念，B选项“一个坚持让子女接受教育的父亲”符合文意。故选B项。‎ C In ancient Egypt a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics (策略).‎ One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food (垃圾食品) later in their trip. In department stores, the women’s shoe section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics (化妆品) section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.‎ Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that ‎ when French music was played, sales of French wines went up.‎ When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $ 10 million houses.‎ ‎9. Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?‎ A. To save customers time. B. To show they are high quality foods.‎ C. To help sell junk food. D. To sell them at discount prices.‎ ‎10. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?‎ A. Opening the store early in the morning. B. Displaying British wines next to French ones.‎ C. Inviting customers to play music. D. Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.‎ ‎11. What is the California builder’s story intended to prove?‎ A. The house structure is a key factor customers consider.‎ B. The more costly the house is, the better it sells.‎ C. An ocean view is much to the customers’ taste.‎ D. A good first impression increases sales.‎ ‎12. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.‎ B. To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.‎ C. To report researches on customer behavior.‎ D. To show dishonest business practices.‎ ‎【答案】9. C 10. D 11. D 12. A ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品) later in their trip.可知，他们知道，首先购买健康食品的顾客会感到高兴，因此他们会在以后的旅行中购买更多的垃圾食品。所以把水果放在显眼的位置是为了吸引消费者，然后在不知不觉中购买稍后要看到的那些垃圾食品。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段内容Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping可知，商店注意到烘焙食品的味道鼓励购物。由此判断出烤面包的味道能够起到刺激消费者购买的目的。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章末段提出They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity.可知，他们发现顾客在进门的最初几秒钟就做出决定，这就是一个商机。然后讲述加利福尼亚卖房者的故事，由此判断加州建筑商的故事想要证明良好的第一印象会增加销售额。故选D。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。自从古埃及的一家店主发现了可以通过改变商场的环境吸引顾客以来，现代社会中越来越多的商场采用了这种商业战略。即利用商店的布局，物品的摆设，甚至食品的气味来刺激顾客对商品的购买。此外，房地产的销售部门也在使用这一高回报的销售策略。所以这篇短文的主要目的是解释企业如何把人变成顾客。故选A项。‎ D FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and elderly, but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.‎ Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.‎ Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.‎ Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.‎ Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in ‎ immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.‎ Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权) would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.‎ Italians always ＂see me as a foreigner,＂ an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.‎ ‎13. Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?‎ A. To continue to stay in Italy.‎ B. To teach her children Italian.‎ C. To find a better job in Italy D. To better mix with the Italians.‎ ‎14. Some people worry that the new language requirement may ____________.‎ A. reduce Italy’s population quickly B. cause conflicts among people C. lead to financial difficulties D. put pressure on schools ‎15. What do we know about Cojochru?‎ A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.‎ B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.‎ C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.‎ D. She wishes to go back to her home country.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test…”可知，Cojochru为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的。故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration”,可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会造成人与人之间的不包容。由此判断出有些人担心新的语言要求可能会引起人与人之间的冲突。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently”可知Cojochru的意大利语已经说的很流利了，足够应付工作。故选C。‎ 第二节（（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Training for a marathon (马拉松) requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. ___16___, buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. ___17___. As always, you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.‎ During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. ___18___, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. ___19___. After two weeks, start timing yourself. ___20___. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.‎ A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time ‎【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了进行马拉松训练的具体做法。首先要为训练做好准备：准备好跑鞋以及训练前的热身动作。第一周：训练跑步时间的逐天增加；第二周：训练跑步距离的逐天增加；两周后，开始计时跑，制订逐步提高跑步时间和距离的计划。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find（买一双你能找到的最合适的跑鞋）可知，此处是为了跑马拉松进行的准备工作。由此可知，C项Before you begin your training（在你开始训练之前）符合文意。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.（当你找到一双合适的鞋子，穿上几天再检查一下是否合脚）可知，E选项中they指的是前面提到的shoes，属于指代一致性，另外feel good与the fit有关。由此可知，E项If they still feel good, you can begin running in them（如果它们仍然感觉不错，你就可以穿着它们开始跑步了）符合文意。故选E.‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.（在第一周，不要考虑距离，而是每天多跑5分钟。）可知，此处提到了一周七天的时间。再根据空后it is wise to take a day off to rest（明智的做法是休息一天）可知，剩余的就是六天的时间。由此可知，A项After six days（六天后）符合文意。故选A.‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前面But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.（但在接下来的一周，设定一个目标，每次跑步至少1.5英里）可知，此处指在距离上开始制定目标。由此可知，D项With each day, increase the distance by a half mile（每天增加半英里的距离）符合文意。故选D.‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.（在第一周，不要考虑距离，而是每天多跑5分钟。但在接下来的一周，设定一个目标，每次跑步至少1.5英里）及After two weeks, start timing yourself.（两周后开始计时）可知，此处提到了逐日增加跑步的时间和长度，两周后最自己开始计时。由此可知，G项Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time.‎ ‎（现在，你准备好去制定一个提高距离和时间的目标）符合文意。故选G。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The ___21___ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of ___22___ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.‎ How did we ___23___ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to ___24___ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. ___25___ modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and ___26___.‎ Another cause is our ___27___of disposable (一次性的) products. As ___28___ people, we are always looking for ___29___ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies ____30____ thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.‎ Our appetite for new products also ____31____ to the problem. We are ____32____ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that ____33____ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we ____34____ useful possessions to make room for new ones.‎ All around the world, we can see the ____35____ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To ____36____ the amount of rubbish and to protect the ____37____, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. ____38____, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.‎ Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions ____39____ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about ____40____. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.‎ ‎21. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem ‎22. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products ‎23. A. face B. become C. observe D. change ‎24. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw ‎25. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of ‎26. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful ‎27. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division ‎28. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy ‎29. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends ‎30. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve ‎31. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes ‎32. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for ‎33. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger ‎34. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away ‎35. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences ‎36. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure ‎37. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands ‎38. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile ‎39. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of ‎40. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising ‎【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. key答案；B. reason原因；C. project项目；D. problem问题。根据上文In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one.可知，此处指带来的问题。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会的？A. face面对；B. become成为；C. observe观察；D. change改变。根据语境可知，此处在问我们如何成为了一个一次性的社会。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，现在替换一个物体要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。A. hide隐藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退。根据下文than to spend time and money to repair it.可知，我们可以更容易地替换一个物体。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。A. Thanks to幸亏，由于；B. As to至于，关于；C. Except for除……之外；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意可知，此处表示原因。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. cheap便宜的；D. powerful强大的，强有力的。根据上文___5___ modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是我们对一次性产品的喜爱。A. love爱；B. lack缺乏；C. prevention预防，阻止；D. division部门，分割。根据下文As ___8___ people, we are always looking for ___9___ to save time and make our lives easier.可知，我们喜爱一次性产品。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. sensitive敏感的；B. kind和蔼的；C. brave勇敢的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文to save time and make our lives easier可知，忙碌的人总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. friends 朋友。根据语境可知，此处指我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。A. donate捐赠；B. receive收到；C. produce生产；D. preserve保护，维持。根据语境可知，此处指公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对新产品的需求也导致了这个问题。A. adapts to适应；改编；B. returns to返回；回复；C. responds to对……做出反应；D. contributes to有助于，导致。根据语境可知，此处指导致了这个问题。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。A. tired of对……厌倦；B. addicted to对……上瘾，迷恋于……；C. worried about担心；D. ashamed for为……感到惭愧。根据上文Our appetite for new products also ___11___ to the problem.可知，我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。A. newer更新的；B. stronger更强的；C. higher更高的；D. larger更大的。根据下文that we will be happier with the latest products.可知，广告说服我们，产品越新越好。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。A. pick up捡起，学会；B. pay for付款；赔偿；C. hold onto紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D. throw away扔掉，丢弃。根据下文to make room for new ones.可知，此处指扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。A. advantages优势，优点；B. purposes目的；C. functions功能；D. consequences后果，结果。根据下文Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.可知，此处指一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。A. show显示，表明；B. record记录，记载；C. decrease减少；D. measure测量，权衡。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指为了减少垃圾的数量。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. technology技术；B. environment环境；C. consumers消费者；D. brands品牌。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。A. However可是，然而；B. Otherwise否则；C．Therefore所以；D. Meanwhile与此同时。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。A. by通过；B. in favour of支持，赞成；C. after在……之后；D. instead of而不是。根据语境可知，前后是对比关系。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。A. spending消费；B. collecting收集；C. repairing修复；D. advertising作广告。根据语境可知，此处指重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。‎ 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ____41____ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____42____ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,____43____ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over____44____ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ Steam engines ____45____ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been____46____‎ ‎ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____47____every day.‎ Later, engineers ____48____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ____49____ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _____50_____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎【答案】41. crowds 42. from 43. laying 44. the 45. were used 46. fairly 47. it 48. managed 49. introduction 50. successful ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词。crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。to and from来回，故填from。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式作宾语，故填laying。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。top是名词，前要用冠词，特指“在（道路的）顶上”。故填the。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，主语Steam engines与谓语动词use是被动关系，主语是复数，根据语境用一般过去时，故填were used.‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查副词。这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查代词。这里用it指代前句的railway，故填it。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词。空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词。空格前是most，其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables.‎ ‎【答案】1. all改为both ‎ ‎2. a改为an或one ‎ ‎3. interesting改为interested ‎ ‎4. that改为which ‎5. earlier改为early ‎6将for去掉 ‎7. beside改为besides ‎8. informations改为information ‎9. came改为comes ‎10. pick前加to ‎【详解】1. 考查both和all的用法，both的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上。根据语境，此处指张先生和张太太。故将all改为both。‎ ‎2. 考查冠词。因为hour是一元音音素开头卡头的词，此处指“一小时”元音，所以应用an或one。故将a改为an或者one。‎ ‎3. 考查形容词。interested“感兴趣的”，一般修饰人的感情，而interesting“有趣的”，一般修饰物，由于此句的主语是人，应使用ed形式形容词。故将interesting改为interested。‎ ‎4. 考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是their garden，指物，关系词在从句中做主语，应用关系词代词which引导。故将that改为which。‎ ‎5. 考查副词。earlier是形容词比较级，修饰动词get up，应使用副词，此处没有对比，应使用副词原级。故将earlier改为early。‎ ‎6. 考查动词。bought是及物动词，后无需跟介词。故将for去掉。‎ ‎7. 考查副词。beside是介词，“在……旁边”，而这里需要一个副词，besides“此外”。故将beside改为besides。‎ ‎8. 考查名词。information是不可数名词。故将informations改为information。‎ ‎9. 考查时态。此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，主句是一般将来时，从句应使用一般现在时表将来。故将came改为comes。‎ ‎10. 考查非谓语动词。此处是词组invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故pick前加to。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，下周日是你的17岁的生日，你想邀请你们的外教Professor Jonson来参加你的生日聚会，请你用英语给Professor Jonson写一封邀请信。‎ 要点如下：‎ ‎1. 提出邀请；‎ ‎2. 活动的策划；‎ ‎3. 活动的过程。‎ 写作要求：1. 要点齐全；‎ ‎2. 不能使用真实姓名；‎ ‎3. 词数不少于100（所给部分不计入总词数）。‎ Dear Professor Jonson,‎ This Sunday evening I shall hold a party for my 17th birthday.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Professor Jonson,‎ This Sunday evening I shall hold a party for my 17th birthday. I want to invite you to my birthday party. ‎ Now I’d like to introduce the plan of the activities to you. For one thing, it’s a good chance to reunite with our acquaintances and we can have a good chat about anything. For another, we can also sing the popular songs we like, cut my birthday cake and play games together. Your participation will add more pleasure to the party! ‎ The party will begin at 7 pm. My parents are going to make all kinds of delicious food for us. And I do hope you can be there. Looking forward to your reply!‎ Best wishes!‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 要求：1. 提出邀请；‎ ‎2. 活动的策划；‎ ‎3. 活动的过程。‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ invite sb. to; introduce sth. to sb.; For one thing; For another; it’s a good chance to do; reunite with; acquaintances; have a chat about; popular songs; cut birthday cake; participation; add pleasure to; make food for; all kinds of; Look forward to 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.I want to invite you to my birthday party. ‎ ‎2.Now I’d like to introduce the plan of the activities to you. ‎ ‎3.For one thing it’s a good chance to reunite with our acquaintances and we can have a good chat about anything. ‎ ‎4.For another, we can also sing the popular songs we like, cut my birthday cake and play ‎ games together. ‎ ‎5.Your participation will add more pleasure to the party! ‎ ‎6.The party will begin at 7 pm. ‎ ‎7.My parents are going to make all kinds of delicious food for us. ‎ ‎8.And I do hope you can be there. ‎ ‎9.Looking forward to your reply!‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。‎ 第五步：润色修改