高考英语虚拟语气及虚拟语气练习一

高考英语虚拟语气及虚拟语气练习一

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 高考英语虚拟语气及虚拟语气练习一 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语 从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。 上 述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道 直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我 们理解文章 的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对 于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。 下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。 一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 （1）由 wish 引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用 wish 表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be 动 词用 were）。 B．用 wish 表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish 用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为： had+动词过去分词或 could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---"I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon." ---"That's all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own." I wish that he weren't so lazy. (2)had hoped 引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为 would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的 愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner 和 would prefer 所引起的从句中要求用过去 式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I'd rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn't stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 （4）It's (high, about) time that 句型中 that 从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It's time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。 （5）as, 或者 whether…or…谓语多用 be 的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒 装结构： Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词 in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟 形式，即 should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯 子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for 与过去事实相反，两个都相当于 but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded. (8) 虚拟语气用于 as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与 wish 宾 语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的 情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。 They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。 She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。 (9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only 等等 If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry. 二、特殊形式的虚拟语气 虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由 should(可省略)+动词原 形 that 从句。 A、 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的 that 宾语从句中，这类动词有： ask 要求 advise 建议 arrange 安排 beg 请求 command 命令 decide 决定 demand 要求 desire 渴望 determine 决定 insist 坚持 intend 打算 maintain 坚持主张 move 建议，动员 propose 提议 object 反对 order 命令 prefer 建议 require 需要 request 要求 resolve 下决心 recommend 推荐 suggest 建议 stipulate 约定，规定 urge 强调，促进 vote 公认，提议 decree 颁布（法令） pray 请求 注意：这类动词后面除了可接 that 虚拟句以外，也可以接 doing 或者 to do…来表达，一般 情况下，意思没有什么差别。 She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体） She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语） She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便) B、用于 It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有： advisable 合理的 decided 决定的 crucial 关键的 appropriate 恰当的 determined 决定的 commanded 命令的 arranged 安排的 essential 紧要的，基本的 complied 遵照 anxious 焦急的 imperative 迫切的 important 重要的 desirable 合意的 better 较好的，更好 insistent 坚持的 desired 想要 asked 请求 keen 渴望的 incredible 难以置信的 adamant 坚定不移的 natural 自然的 insisted 坚持 necessary 必要的 suggested 建议 urgent 紧迫的 ordered 命令 shocked 震惊的 vital 极其重要的 possible 可能的 strange 奇怪的 preferable （好一点） proposed 提议 requested 要求的 required 要求的 recommended 推荐 resolved 决定的 probable（可能的） pity 可惜，憾事 shame 遗憾 注意：这类形容词后面除了可接 that 虚拟句以外，也可以 for…to do… 来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。 It is essential that he should be prepared for this. It is essential for him to be prepared for this. C．用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 类名词常见的有： advice 忠告 decision 决定 demand 要求 desire 要求、愿望 insistence 坚持 motion 提议 necessity 必要性 order 命令 preference 偏爱 proposal 提议 pray 恳求 recommendation 推荐 request 要求 requirement 要求 resolution 决心 suggestion 劝告、忠告 例如： This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们 的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。 The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一 个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。 三、混合虚拟语气 有 时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种 情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句， 在这种虚拟 情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语： 时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间 状语，这是我解题的关键。 If you that late movie last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy. A. haven't watched B. didn't watch C. hadn't watched D. wouldn't have watched 答案选 C。 Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return for something. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now. 混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不 同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week. 该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。 Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. 该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但 是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为"父母病了"是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式 had been。 四、含蓄虚拟条件句 含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是 这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为 if 引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段 有： （1）介词或介词短语，如 but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition 等。 the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn't been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 答案选 B。 But that she was afraid, she would have said no. (2) 连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)， in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用 should+动词原形，但可以不用 虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我 们听不懂。 Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎， 以免会发生溢流现象。 （3）通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有 but, otherwise, unfortunately 等类似转折词。 I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. A. were sleeping B. would be sleeping C. had been sleeping D. would sleep 选择 B。 (4)形容词及其比较级 A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. A less conscientious man wouldn't have tried so hard to get this job done. (5)分词短语 Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (6)动词不定式短语。一般 intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式 或 had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. It would be easier to do it this way. (7)名词短语和名词+and 结构 A judicious man would not have committed suicide. A diligent student would have worked harder. (8)独立主格结构 All things considered, the price would be reasonable. (9)定语从句 Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. (10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn't. The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. (11)动词原形表示虚拟 动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条 件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 God bless you! All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. She'll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). If that be so, we shall take action at once. UNIT 17 虚拟语气强化训练 1 1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2. more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4. If you asked your father you permission. A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get 5. today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose D. ought to have lost 8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 9. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you'd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldn't contact B. didn't contact C. weren't to contact D. hadn't contacted 10. he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 12. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. hadn't contacted 13. If the horse won today, it thirty races in five years. A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have won 14. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise. A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been 15. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 16. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed 17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was 18. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional. A. offend B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended 19. If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed, we'd there by now. A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling 21. I wish that I ______ with you last night. A. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone 22. I wish I with her. A. would be B. am C. was D. were 23. I wish that I the concert last night. A. could B. have attended C. could have attended D. attended 24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I to it. A. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go D. can not have gone 25. "I wish you me to put these things away," he said. A. will help B. help C. are helping D. would help 26. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency. A. did not occur B. had not occurred C. was not occurring D. be circling 27. I hadn't expected James to apologize but I had hoped . A. him calling me B. that he would call me C. him to call me D. that he call me 28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings . A. if he didn't get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadn't happened C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself 29. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP. A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his 30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese. A. were B. had been C. is D. has been 31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success. A. had been B. has been C. were D. was 32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages. A. has been B. was C. is D. had been 33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant. A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift 34. He described the town as if he it himself. A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees 35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he from an evil dream. A. woke B. wakes C. would wake D. had woke 36. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A. do B. don't C. didn't D. didn't do 37. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting. A. hadn't B. didn't have had C. hadn't had D. hadn't have 38. It is important that the TOEFL office your registration. A. will confirm B. confirm C. confirms D. must confirm 39. Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology . 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved 40. He told her to return the book in time so that others a chance to read it . A. may have B. will have C. would have D. might have 41. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking 42. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ______all diplomas from elementary school to university. A. has B. will have C. should have D. must have 43. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 44. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldn't be surprised if he acting for a living one day. A. had taken up B. takes up C. have taken up D. would have taken up 45. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told 46. I hadn't expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped . A. him t call me up B. him calling me up C. that he would call me up D. that he will call me 47. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months. A. spends B. spent C. would spend D. will spend 48. I had hoped that Jennifer a doctor, but she wasn't good enough at science. A. will become B. became C. would become D. becomes 49. I'd rather you anything about it for the time being. A. do B. didn't do C. don't D. didn't 50. I'd just as soon_______ rudely to her. A. that you won't speak B. you not speaking C. you not speak D. you didn't speak 51. It's high time they this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend 52. It's about time people______ notice of what women did during the war. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 53. Everybody has arrived. It's time we the class. A. shall start B. would start C. had started D. start 54. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 55. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. A. has received B. ought to have received C. couldn't have received D. shouldn't have received 56. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _______to see his classmates off. A. came B. would come C. would have come D. should be coming 57. He's working hard for fear that he . A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fall behind 58. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might for a century. A. have been postponed B. has been postponed 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 C. postpone D. be postponed 59. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______ in the home. A. worked B. would work C. work D. were working 60. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child psychologically ready for the new idea. A. is B. were C. be D. would be 61. Tom's father, as well as his mother, in New York for a few days more. A. ask him to stay B. ask he to stay C. asks he stays D. asks he stay 62. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable. A. she waits B. she wait C. wait she D. she waited 63. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 64. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month. A. sing B. singed C. had signed D. were signing 65. It is appropriate that some time ______thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. A. devotes to B. devoted to C. is devoted to D. be devoted to 答案与详解 1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。 2．B．条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。 3．A．条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。 4．B．条件句表示与未来事实的相反。 5．C．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。 6．D．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。 7． B．这个句子中含有一个省略 if，把助动词提前到主语 they 之前的虚拟条件句，该条件 句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中 by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去 发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost 为正确答案。 8． （D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了 if，把助词 had 提前到主语 前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中 now 表明了对现在情况的假 设，所以应选 would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式， 故为正确答案。 9．（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是 一个混合虚拟条件句。 10．（B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如 but for、but that、 without, 由连词 but、副词 otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句 主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试， 我本可以去听音乐 会，所以应选 But for 为正确答案。 11．（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做 但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故 If only 条件句假设的 是过去一种情况，因此应该用 had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（C）。 12．D．注意主句 now 表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟。 13．A．从句对过去的虚拟。 14．B．从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 15．（D）it 是形式宾语，urgent 是宾语补足语，that 引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，该从句 的内容被认为是 urgent（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式，即 should（可 以省略）+动词原形。因此，本题正确答案是（D）。 16．（C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动 词要用虚拟语气形式，即 should(可以省略)+动词原形。 17．（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上 没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由 but 引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而 but 所引导 的句子中应该用表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。 18． （B）此题要求在 if 从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词 apologize(抱歉)来 看，if 从句中表达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除 （A），因为（A）是现在时。 （C）中 should+have+过去分词结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（D）选 项中的 might+ have+过去分词表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能 成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不合题意。（B）had offended 表示 当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设 的条件句。 19．（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假 设，而主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（A）。 20．（A）as if 引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be 动词用 were）或 would(could 等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式， 故（A）是正确答案。 21．D． 22．D． 23．C． 24．A． 25．D． 26．（B）had not occurred 表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用 should(would, could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。 27．（B）had hoped 是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气 would+动词 原形。 28．（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为 would(should, could, might)+have+过去分 词，条件句为过去完成式，if 可以省略，但要把 had 提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符 合英语表达习惯，所以（C）是正确答案。 29．（A）suggest 后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为 should（可以省略）+动词原形。 30．A．表示与现在相反的虚拟。 31．A．as though 引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 32．D．felt 是过去式，所以该句是由 as though 引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 33．D．as if 引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。 34．A．as if 引导的与过去相反的虚拟。 35．C． 36．（D）would rather 后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设， 或为过去完成式表示对过去的情况的假设。 37．（C）who 引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生，所以主句中表示的虚拟 是针对已经发生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。 38．（B） 39．（C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语 without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中 的情况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用 would not have been achieved 这一形式。 40．（D）连 so that 引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为 might+动词原形。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 41．（B）It is time that 是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去 式。 42．（C） 43．（C）otherwise 用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过去(yesterday)的情况的假设， 所以应该用 would have come 形式。 44．（B）所给的四个选项中没有一个表示对未来的情况的虚拟的形式 should+动词原形，或 是 were to do，因此可以断定 if 引导的条件句在这里最真实的条件句，用一般现在时表示一 般将来时，故（B）是正确答案。 45．（A）这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子，if 条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是 对现在（now）的情况的假设，故用 would tell 形式。 46．C． 47．C． 48．C． 49．B．would rather 引导的虚拟语气其谓语用过去式。 50．D．would as soon 引导的虚拟语气，其谓语动词也用过去式. 51．B． 52．B． 53．B． 54．B． 55．C．注意单词 otherwise 引导虚拟语气。 56．C．同上。 57．A．注意词组 for fear that 58．A．注意 without 59．C． 60．C． 61．D． 62．B． 63．D． 64．A． 65．D．