高中英语必修1 - Unit 5单元训练及解析

高中英语必修1 - Unit 5单元训练及解析

Unit 5 ‎ ‎ (时间：45分钟　满分：60分)‎ Ⅰ.单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎1．—Why haven't you bought any butter?‎ ‎—I ________to, but I forgot about it.‎ A．meant B．liked C．wanted D．expected 答案　A　[考查动词词义的辨析。mean to do sth打算干某事；而meant to do sth 则表示本来打算干而没有干。答语为省略句，补充完整为I meant to buy some butter，but...。句意：——‎ 你为什么没有买黄油？——我本来打算买的，但我忘了。]‎ ‎2．Madam Curie，________to scientific research, was________the Nobel Prize twice.‎ A．devoted herself; awarded B．devoted; rewarded C．who devoted ; awarded D．devoted; awarded 答案　D　[分析句子结构可知，第一空应为非谓语形式，devote to (doing)sth常在句子中作状语，其现在分词形式应为devoting sth/oneself to ；第二空考查动词的辨析，reward奖励；给以报酬；award 授予。句意：居里夫人由于献身科学研究而被两次授予诺贝尔奖。]‎ ‎3．It has been universally acknowledged that the whole world is________stage, and all the men and ‎ women are merely________players.(2012·江苏普通高校招生预测金卷)‎ A．the; the B．a; the C．a; / D．the; /‎ 答案　C　[考查冠词的用法。stage 舞台，此处表示泛指概念，应用不定冠词；players表演 者，为复数名词表达泛指概念，不加冠词。句意：人们普遍认为世界就是一个大舞台，而所 有的人就是这个舞台上的表演者。]‎ ‎4．It is reported that the________in Libya is hotting up.‎ A．strength B．violence C．power D．activity 答案　B　[考查名词词义的辨析。strength力量；力气； violence 暴力；暴行； power权力； activity活动。由语境可知，B项正确。句意：据报道，利比亚的暴力行为在激化。]‎ 7‎ ‎5．Considering his health, I advise him to________an hour or two each day to work out.‎ ‎(2012·浙江学军中学三模)‎ A．set about B．set off C．set up D．set aside 答案　D　[考查动词短语的辨析。set about 着手；开始；set off 出发；动身；set up 成立；‎ 建立； set aside留出；暂时不考虑。句意：考虑到他的健康状况，我建议他每天抽出一到两个小时来锻炼。]‎ ‎6．Through the reform, the economic situation of China________much better than it used to be.‎ A．turned into B．turned off C．turned to D．turned out ‎ 答案　D　[考查动词短语的辨析。turn into变成；turn of关上； turn to 转向；向……求助；‎ turn out 结果是；证明是。由语境可知D项正确。句意：通过改革，中国的经济状况比过去 好多了。]‎ ‎7．If they________what I was saying, they'd know what I was talking about.‎ ‎(2012·安徽蚌埠二中高三质检)‎ A．took the trouble to listen to B．had trouble listening to C．take the trouble to listen to D．have trouble listening to 答案　A　[考查短语及动词时态的辨析及应用。take the trouble to do sth不辞劳苦干某事；have trouble (in)doing sth做……有困难。由句子中的was saying及was talking about可知，空格处应用一般过去式。句意：如果他们不嫌麻烦听听我说的话的话，他们就会知道我在谈论什么了。]‎ ‎8．The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ________up to half will be from ‎ abroad. (2012·海淀区高三查漏补缺试题)‎ A．in which B．for whom C．with which D．of whom 答案　D　[考查非限制性定语从句。表示“……中的一部分”应用介词of，且先行词为students，故引导词用whom。句意：通常情况下这门课程每年吸引20名学生，其中多达一半来自海外。]‎ ‎9．I can still recall those days of military training(军训)________we repeated the simple and boring “At ease” and “Attention”．(2012·山东威海市高三模拟)‎ A．which B．when C．where D．That 答案　B　[考查定语从句的用法。先行词为days 7‎ ‎ 且从句中缺少状语，故用when引导。句意：我还记得我们军训的日子，那时候我们重复做简单又乏味的“稍息”和“立正”动作。]‎ ‎10．In time we reached a stage________we had more young readers than old ones.‎ A．where B．how C．who D．what 答案　A　[考查定语从句的用法。先行词为stage，意为“阶段”，且从句中缺少状语，故用 where引导。句意：很快我们就达到了这样一个阶段，此时我们的年轻读者要多于老读者。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)‎ A Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York－he in ‎ computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us，” Tim would say. In ‎ April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some ‎ serious thinking about life's purpose.‎ Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program ‎ started by Dolly Parton's foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from ‎ birth to age five in the singer's hometown of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I ‎ could do something like this when we retire，”Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder.‎ Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on ‎ imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage ‎ of book and postage discounts.‎ The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didn't want to give the children rubbish，” says ‎ Linda.The books—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board ‎ members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna ‎ Dewdney's Llama Llama series.‎ Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they ‎ have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area.Megan Williams, a mother of ‎ four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books I've never heard of .”‎ The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit ‎ there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”‎ ‎【解题导语】 一次大病之后，作为教师的Tim Richter开始重新思考生命的意义，最后 他决定学习他人在有生之年发挥余热，于是创办了一个基金会，给孩子们免费送去高质量的 图书。‎ ‎11．What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?‎ A．His health problem.‎ 7‎ B．His love for teaching.‎ C．The influence of his wife.‎ D．The news from the Web.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句的内容可知，是他的身体健康问题——心脏病，才使他认真思考生命的意义。故选A。]‎ ‎12．What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?‎ A．Give out brochures.‎ B．Do something similar.‎ C．Write books for children D．Retire from being a teacher.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。第二段告诉我们，在Tim手术后不久，他了解到Imagination Library 的一些信息后，他说：maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，也就是B项所说的Do something similar。]‎ ‎13．According to the text, Dollly Parton is________.‎ A．a wellknown surgeon B．a mother of a fouryearold C．a singer born in Tennessee D．a computer programmer 答案　C　[推理判断题。从第二段中“by Dolly Parton's foundation(基金会)that mailed a book ‎ every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's hometown of Sevier”可以看出：他 是一名歌手，故选C。]‎ ‎14．Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?‎ A．To avoid signing up online.‎ B．To meet Dollywood board members.‎ C．To make sure the books were the newest.‎ D．To see if the books were of good quality.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。文章倒数第三段解释了Richter夫妇去Dollywood的原因：The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters，下文他说的话“We didn't want to give the children rubbish”，也可以说明这一点：看看书的质量好不好。]‎ ‎15．What can we learn from Tim's words in the last paragraph?‎ A．He needs more money to help the children.‎ B．He wonders why some people are so busy.‎ C．He tries to save those waiting to die.‎ D．He considers his efforts worthwhile.‎ 7‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。Tim认为人不应该无所事事等待死神的到来，而应该利用好晚年的 时光，使自己忙碌起来，对社会作出应有的贡献，他正是这样做的，由此可以看出，四个选 项中D项(认为自己的努力很值得)最能表达这个意思。]‎ B A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2：46 p. m. local time on ‎ March 11th,2011.Japan's Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three ‎ minutes later.The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.‎ There are over 4,000 Seismic Intensity Meters(地震烈度测量仪)in place throughout Japan to ‎ measure earthquake activity.These meters provide information with two minutes of an earthquake ‎ happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within ‎ three minutes.There are also concrete sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline.But these ‎ measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.‎ Costas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles.He says，“Japan is one of those most ‎ wellprepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning.They had a warning.I think what went ‎ wrong is that they had not anticipated the size of this event.”‎ He says there are two reasons for this.Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this ‎ one in the last 150 years.And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the ‎ coast of Japan.‎ The 9.0magnitude earthquake was the 4th most powerful earthquake ever recorded ‎ worldwide.It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan.The tsunami waves that followed were ‎ reported to have reached as high as 13 meters in some areas.‎ Costas Synolakis says Japan's concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.A ‎ tsunami wave can travel as fast as 800 kilometers per hour.To get to higher ground people would ‎ often have to travel for many kilometers.This can take more time than a fast traveling tsunami will ‎ permit.This is especially true in cases like Japan，where the center of the earthquake struck so close ‎ to the coastline.The tsunami waves followed almost immediately.‎ Experts say early warning systems will continue to be limited by these_facts until earthquakes ‎ ‎and tsunamis can be predicted. ‎ ‎【解题导语】 本文是科技文。日本的地震预警系统位居世界前列，能在地震发生后的两分钟内提供信息。三分钟内能够提供有关地震强度和震中的信息。在海啸预警方面，日本是世界上准备工作做得最充分的国家之一，但这次他们没能预测出这次海啸的规模如此之大。‎ 7‎ ‎16．From the second paragraph we can infer that ________.‎ A．Japan is an island country B．the center of the earthquake is located in the northeastern coast C．the meters in Japan have dropped behind D．many measures have been carried out to reduce the consequences of earthquakes in Japan 答案　D　[推理判断题。A项说法正确，但不是本段的推理；B项不是由第二段推理得出的，‎ 是第一段中明示的信息。根据These meters provide information within two minutes of an ‎ earthquake happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be ‎ learned within three minutes.判断，C项推理错误。D项根据所列事实可以判断得出。]‎ ‎17．The underlined word “anticipated” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．predicted B．measured C．counted D．prevented 答案　A　[猜测词义题。根据第四段和第五段信息可知，日本的海啸预警系统是世界上最好的之一，此次失误在于没有预料到海啸的规模如此大。]‎ ‎18．The underlined words “these facts” in the last paragraph refer to the following EXCEPT ‎ ‎________.‎ A．the concrete sea walls can't control the wave B．it is the worst earthquake happening in Japan in the history C．the speed of the tsunami is frightening and quick D．there are many earthquakes in Japan 答案　D　[细节认定题。根据文章倒数第二段、倒数第三段内容可知答案为D。]‎ ‎19．Which may be the best title of this passage?‎ A．Earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted B．A 9.0 magnitude earthquake hit Japan C．Japan's concrete sea walls D．A report about Japan's early warning systems 答案　D　[主旨大意题。根据全文内容判断，文章介绍日本拥有世界上最先进的地震、海啸预警系统，但没有预料到这次大地震和海啸如此之猛。]‎ ‎20．On which column of China Daily can you find the passage?‎ A．Technology B．Culture discovery C．Travel D．History 答案　A　[推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是日本的地震、海啸预警系统的先进性和局限性。]‎ Ⅲ.写作(满分30分)‎ 7‎ ‎2010年1月12日下午，海地发生强烈地震，大约20万人失去了生命，其首都及周边地区受灾严重，美丽的城市顷刻被毁……，国际社会纷纷提供援助。为此，高三(5)班在第二天召开班会，号召捐款。假如你是高三(5)班的一名学生，请根据下面提示写一篇120～150词的日记：‎ ‎1．地震发生的时间、地点及造成的危害；‎ ‎2．班级的捐款活动；‎ ‎3．自己的想法。‎ 参考词汇：海地：Haiti Jan. 13, 2010　WednesdayFine ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Jan. 13, 2010　WednesdayFine Yesterday afternoon, a strong earthquake hit Haiti. It was a terrible disaster. About 200,000 ‎ ‎people were killed, more people were injured and also a lot became homeless. The beautiful capital ‎ city was almost destroyed in a short while.‎ This afternoon a meeting was held in our class. At the meeting many students made ‎ speeches.They showed great concern for the people in the striken area. Some students suggested ‎ that we raise money to help the people there and we all agreed. After the meeting more than 1,000 ‎ yuan was collected.‎ It is true that many natural disasters can't be avoided sometimes. But at least we can do our ‎ best to help the people in the striken area. We are very proud about what we did. ‎ 7‎