2019届二轮复习短文改错解题指导课件（31张）

2019届二轮复习短文改错解题指导课件（31张）

2019 届二轮复习短文改错解题指导 录 考 纲 摘 写作是语言运用能力的重要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。考生应能： 1. 准确使用语法和词汇； 2. 使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。 该部分由第一、二两节组成，主要考查考生的书面表达能力。 第一节：满分 10 分。本题给出一篇约 100 个单词的短文，文中有 10 处错误，错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错即将其改正。 秘 命 题 揭 长度： 短文有 6 ～ 10 句话，含 92 ～ 119 个 词。 2. 内容： 类似学生习作，贴近学生生活。 3. 体裁： 除 2013 年 Ⅱ 卷是说明文外，其 余都是记叙文。 4. 考点： 几乎涉及高考大纲所列的所有语法项目：名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词、数词、谓语动词 ( 包括时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气 ) 、非谓语动词、词性误用、比较等级、常用词语辨析等。 各卷考点无差别，备考时必须复习考纲所列所有语法项目。 5. 考法： (1) 错误类型：错 1 个词、多 1 个词、少 1 个词的比例是 8:1:1 。 (2) 每句话中最多设 2 处错。即有的句子无错，有的句子有 1 处错，有的有 2 处错。 (3) 需要变形的词通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词。 (4) 少了一个词，要求添加的词有冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号 to 、人称代词、物主代词等。 (5) 多了一个词，要求删除的词有冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号 to 、助动词、副词等。 (6) 标点符号、单词拼写、大小写和词序等不设错。 略 解 题 方 改错要容易，考点须牢记；根据考点找错误，逐一排查高速度。 三个步骤 1. 浏览全文，弄懂文意，标出明显错误。 2. 逐句阅读，依据考点，逐句寻找错误。 3. 重读全文，仔细推敲，解决个别难题。 三个维度 词法： 介词、冠词、连词的多用或少用；词性误用、现在分词与过去分词的混用等。 句法： 主谓一致、平行 ( 并列 ) 一致、时态一致、指代一致、名词的单复数一致。 (5 个一致 ) 行文逻辑： 因果关系、转折关系、递进关系，意义的肯定与否定等。 考点考法顺口溜 增加 人称 ( 代词 ) 和 物主 ( 代词 ) ， 可能删除 副 和 助 。 1. 八种情况，可能增删 ( 6 增 6 减 ) 连 、 冠 、 介 ， ( 不定式 ) 符号 to ， 可能增加和删除； △ 连词 ： (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. (2013 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. and (1) 连冠介 ， 符号 to ，可能增加和删除。 △ 冠词 ： (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ) At the first, I thought I knew everything and… (2016 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )But in that case, we will learn little about world. the △ 介词 ： (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )They have also bought for some gardening tools. (2014 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music. to △ 符号 to ： (2012 课标卷 ) I could make my toys to last. (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables! to (2) 增加 人称 代词和 物主 代词。 △ 人称 代词： (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 )At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. △ 物主 代词： (2015 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. I his (3) 可能删除 副 词和 助 动词。 △ 副 词： (2017 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. △ 助 动词： (2015 全国 Ⅰ 卷 ) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.( 变被动为主动 ) 注： 需要增删的 8 个考点也可这样记：介连冠，符号 to ，人称物主和副助。 常用词，要辨析， 还有 其他 比较级 。 2. 十一情况，考虑修改 动词 形 ，名词 数 ， 连、冠、介、代、数， 再加 词性误； (1) 动词 形， 名词 数。 △ 动词 形： 无论是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，动词错误就是原形、一般现在时、第三人称单数形式、一般过去时、现在分词、过去分词、动名词等动词形式的错误。如： (2017 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. went (2017 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house. interested Turn △ 名词 数： 主要考查单复数的错误。如： (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 )Besides ， they often get some useful informations from the Internet. (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ) The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. years information (2) 连冠介代数 ，再加 词性误 。 △ 连 词： (2016 全国 Ⅱ 卷 ) If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. △ 冠 词 ： (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 ) My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time. △ 介 词： (2015 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. a and with △ 代 词 ： (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant … Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steadily. △ 数 词 ： (2017 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. eighteenth his △ 词性误 ： 考得最多的是形容词与副词的混用。如： (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. (2017 全国 Ⅲ 卷 )I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums. steadily different (2016 全国 Ⅰ 卷 ) My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. honesty (3) 常用词，要 辨析 。 (2016 全国 Ⅱ 卷 ) It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. much (4) 还有 其他 比较级 。 △ 其他 ： 主要指 anything 与 everything, somewhere 与 everywhere 等。如： (2014 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )Since then—for all these years—we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere. (2013 全国 Ⅰ 卷 )She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. everywhere well △ 比较等级 ： 指形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级之间的误用。如： (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ) They were also the best and worse years in my life. worst (2012 课标卷 ) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (2009 大纲 Ⅰ 卷 ) The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone. less old THANK YOU!