天津市静海区第一中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

天津市静海区第一中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

静海一中2019-2020第一学期高一英语期末 学生学业能力调研试卷 考生注意：‎ 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）和第Ⅲ卷（听力）三部分，满分120分。‎ 第I卷 （选择题）‎ 第一部分： 英语知识运用（共两节）（满分40分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（每小题1分，共10分；学法题每小题2分，共6分; 满分16分）‎ 从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1.---- I wouldn’t agree with David if I were you.‎ ‎---- ________ The suggestion he put forward at the meeting is very practical.‎ A. Well done! B. Why not? C. Forget it. D. It depends.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意：——如果我是你，我就不会同意大卫的观点。——为什么不呢?他在会上提出的建议很实用。A. Well done!做得好！B. Why not?为什么不呢？C. Forget it.不必在意；D. It depends.视情况而定。结合句意故选B。‎ ‎2.Every student in our class took part in the activity which is aimed to make the public ________ of the importance of protecting the environment.‎ A. realize B. original C. formal D. aware ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我们班的每个学生都参加了这次活动，目的是让公众意识到保护环境的重要性。A. realize及物动词，意识到；了解；B. original原来的；C. formal正式的；D. aware意识到的。短语aware of sth.“意识到某事”，realize为及物动词后可直接跟宾语，故选D。‎ ‎3.We ought to concentrate our mind on our study in order to be admitted to the ideal university to ________ our parents’ expectations.‎ A. come across B. pick up C. live up to D. belong to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了考上理想的大学，不辜负父母的期望，我们应该集中精力学习。A. come across偶遇；无意中发现；B. pick up捡起；获得；C. live up to不辜负；做到；D. belong to属于。结合句意故选C。‎ ‎4.Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.‎ A. need have practised B. might practise C. must have practised D. could practise ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。‎ ‎5.The government is taking action to protect natural ________ and call on the public not to waste them.‎ A. sources B. functions C. resources D. symbols ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：政府正在采取行动保护自然资源，并呼吁公众不要浪费它们。A. sources来源；B. functions功能；C. resources资源；D. symbols符号；标志。结合句意故选C。‎ ‎6.Mr. Zheng is a patient teacher ________ I have the greatest respect and he is popular with the students.‎ A. who B. with whom C. whose D. for whom ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：郑老师是一位耐心的老师，我非常尊敬他，他很受学生们的欢迎。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词teacher，且根据短语have respect for sb.“尊敬某人”可知介词应用for，先行词指人做介词的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义。‎ ‎1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。‎ I never forget the day on which I came to this school. (on the day)‎ ‎2.二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。‎ This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan. (spend money on sth.)‎ ‎3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。‎ This is my pair of glasses, __without which_ I cannot see clearly.‎ ‎7.If you want to know more about the course, you can ________ me and I am available at any time.‎ A. honour B. contact C. adapt D. represent ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：如果你想了解更多的课程，你可以联系我，我随时有空。A. honour尊敬；B. contact联系；接触；C. adapt适应；D. represent代表。结合句意故选B。‎ ‎8. __________ in the new on-line game , he missed the final boarding call of his flight .‎ A. Absorbed B. Absorbing C. Having absorbed D. Being absorbed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：专注于新的网络游戏，他错过了最后一次登机的广播。固定搭配be absorbed in…专注于……；absorbed是过去分词转换的形容词，通常对人的情况进行说明。本句中使用的形容词短语absorbed in the new on-line game，对句子主语he的情况进行说明。故A正确。‎ ‎9.________ the news, they immediately set off for the station.‎ A. Heard B. Hearing C. Having heard D. Hear ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，他们立马动身去车站。本句中已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故hear在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。‎ ‎10.In the past 10 years, great changes ________ in my hometown with the development of tourism under the leadership of the government.‎ A. took place B. take place C. are taking place D. have taken place ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的10年里，在政府的领导下，随着旅游业的发展，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据上文In the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，且take place表示“发生”没有被动语态，主语为changes，助动词应用have。故选D。‎ 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每题1分, 共20分；学法题每小题2分，共4分，满分24分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11--30题中所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。‎ After all of these years, I still remember my first moment of kindness. It was the first day of kindergarten. I walked in with my mom and was ___11___ at all the toys against the walls. I ___12___ ran over to play. Most of the other kids were doing the same.‎ In the corner ___13___, I saw one girl, sitting by herself. She was small and looked ___14___. She was the only one in the class shorter than me. Her ___15___ eyes looked like she had been crying. None of the other children seemed to ___16___ her there.‎ I went back to ___17___ the toy cars but after a minute, I looked up at her again. She seemed so ___18___. Something inside started to stir(搅动). After a moment, I ___19___ two of the toy cars and ___20___ her. “Do you want to play?” I asked. She smiled and ___21___ her head yes.‎ What made me remember that first unselfish act was a ___22___ that little girl wrote me after we were both grown. She told me how her illness made the other kids ___23___ her and how that moment ‎ of kindness had ___24___ her life. She had valued the ___25___ I had offered her and carried it in her ___26___ even after she moved away. I wrote her back and we continued our friendship through the mail for several years ___27___ the disease finally took her life.‎ Today I still thanked my unselfish little heart for ___28___ me to be kind to a little girl who needed a friend. I thought of how a moment of kindness can ___29___ so much to another, and of how ___30___ act can make the world so much better. May your life be full of giving, caring and helping that bring joy to you while you bring joy to others.‎ ‎11. A. disappointed B. amazed C. bored D. mad ‎12. A. slowly B. worriedly C. carefully D. immediately ‎13. A. though B. still C. ever D. also ‎14. A. weak B. strict C. tired D. angry ‎15. A. grey B. black C. bright D. red ‎16. A. ignore B. praise C. notice D. forget ‎17. A. break up B. play with C. find out D. put away ‎18. A. patient B. friendly C. lonely D. curious ‎19. A. picked up B. lent C. handed out D. bought ‎20. A. visited B. introduced C. pushed D. approached ‎21. A. shook B. held C. turned D. nodded ‎22. A. poem B. letter C. note D. message ‎23. A. avoid B. beat C. admire D. cheat ‎24. A. created B. changed C. enriched D. continued ‎25. A. difference B. appointment C. friendship D. agreement ‎26. A. journey B. plan C. dream D. heart ‎27. A. unless B. before C. though D. when ‎28. A. permitting B. wishing C. driving D. causing ‎29. A. reply B. prove C. mean D. show ‎30. A. simple B. skillful C. wonderful D. creative ‎【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A ‎ ‎ 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者第一天去幼儿园时主动和一个被人忽视的小女孩玩耍，长大后女孩告诉作者他当时的一个小小举动改变了自己的生活。作者感悟到片刻的善意也可以对另一个人是意义重大的，简单的行为也可以让世界变得更美好。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈一起走进来，看到所有的玩具都靠在墙上，我感到很惊讶。A. disappointed失望的；B. amazed吃惊的；C. bored厌倦的；D. mad疯狂的。结合上文It was the first day of kindergarten.作者第一天去幼儿园，看到玩具都在墙上，因此感到吃惊。故选B。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻跑过去玩。A. slowly缓慢地；B. worriedly担心的；C. carefully仔细地；D. immediately立即。结合后文ran over to play可知作者看到玩具立即跑过去开始玩。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：然而在角落里，我看到一个女孩独自坐着。A. though尽管；然而；B. still仍然；C. ever曾经；D. also也。结合后文I saw one girl, sitting by herself可知别的孩子都在玩，然而这个小女孩一个人坐着。此处表示转折关系，表示“然而”，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她个子矮小，看上去很虚弱。A. weak虚弱的；B. strict严格的；C. tired疲惫的；D. angry生气的。结合上文She was small 可知女孩个子矮小，看上去很虚弱。故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的红眼睛看上去像是哭过。A. grey灰色的；B. black黑色的；C. bright明亮的；D. red红色的。结合后文looked like she had been crying可知女孩好像是哭过，因此眼睛是红的。故选D。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他孩子似乎都没注意到她。A. ignore忽视；B. praise赞美；C. notice注意到；D. forget忘记。结合上文None of the other children seemed to 可知其他的孩子都在玩儿，似乎没注意到她。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我回去玩玩具车，但过了一会儿，我又抬头看了看她。A. break up破碎；B. play with玩耍；C. find out查明；D. put away放好。结合后文the toy cars可知作者看到了小女孩，又接着回去玩玩具车。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她似乎很孤独。A. patient耐心的；B. friendly友好的；C. lonely孤独的；D. curious好奇的。结合上文小女孩独自在一边，没有注意到她，她似乎很孤独。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我捡起两辆玩具车向她走去。A. picked up捡起； B. lent借给；C. handed out分发；D. bought购买。结合后文two of the toy cars可知作者拿起了两辆玩具车。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我捡起两辆玩具车向她走去。A. visited拜访；B. introduced介绍；C. pushed推；D. approached接近；走进。结合后文“Do you want to play?” I asked.可知作者拿着玩具向女孩走去了。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她笑了笑，点了点头。A. shook摇晃；B. held拿着；C. turned转向；D. nodded点头。结合上文smile可知女孩笑着点头同意和作者一起玩。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我想起第一次无私行为的是我们长大后那个小女孩写给我的一封信。A. poem诗歌；B. letter信；C. note纸条；D. message信息。结合后文little girl wrote me可知长大后那个小女孩给作者写了一封信。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她病如何让其他孩子避开她，那一刻的善意如何改变了她的生活。A. avoid避开；B. beat打败；C. admire钦佩；D. cheat欺骗。结合上文作者看到女孩孤独一个人，其他人好像没有注意到她，可知是因为她的病让其他孩子都避开她。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻善意如何改变了她的生活。A. created创造；B. changed改变；C. enriched丰富；D. continued继续。结合上文女孩长大了还仍记得作者那一次的善行，可知作者的善意对女孩的影响很大，也改变了她的生活。其他选项与语境不符。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很珍惜我给予她的友谊，即使在她搬走之后，她也一直铭记在心。A. difference差异；B. appointment约定；C. friendship友谊；D. agreement同意。结合下文we continued our friendship可知是珍惜作者给予她的友谊。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她很珍惜我给予她的友谊，即使在她搬走之后，她也一直铭记在心。A. journey旅程；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. heart心脏。女孩即使是在搬走了之后，作者给予她的友谊，她也一直铭记于心。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：我给她回了信，在疾病最终夺走了她的生命之前，我们通过信件保持了多年的友谊。A. unless除非；B. before在……之前；C. though尽管；D. when当……时候。本句为时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我仍然感谢我那颗无私的小爱心，感谢它驱使我善待一个需要朋友的小女孩。A. permitting允许；B. wishing希望；C. driving驱使；D. causing造成。作者是在无私的爱心驱使下善待了一个需要朋友的小女孩。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，片刻的善意对另一个人来说是多么意义重大。A. reply回答；B. prove证明；C. mean意味着；意义重大；D. show展示。结合上文女孩的信中对作者的感谢可知，作者的善举改变了她的生活，因此片刻的善意对另一个人来说也是意义重大的。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想到了简单的行为可以让世界变得更美好。A. simple简单的；B. skillful熟练的；C. wonderful极好的；D. creative创造性的。结合全文作者一个邀请女孩玩耍玩具的简单动作彻底改变了女孩的生活，可知简单的行为可以让世界变得更美好。故选A。‎ 第二部分： 阅读理解（31-45小题，每小题2分，共30分；学法题每小题2‎ 分，共4分，满分34分）‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 A Branksome Hall Class Size: 12 to 22‎ Grades: JK to Gr. 12‎ Gender(性别): All girls Living: day, Boarding(提供住宿的）‎ Founded in 1903, Branksome Hall is Toronto’s only all-girls, all-years International Baccalaureate (IB）World School. From the earliest grades, students learn to become leaders and to understand the value of serving the community. Discover Branksome hall’s programs at www.brunksome.on.ca.‎ Stanstead College Class Size: 13‎ Grades: Gr. 7 to Gr.12‎ Gender: Open to both sexes Living: Boarding Stanstead College is a private boarding school for boys and girls in Grades 7 through 12. It is an English school that embraces (包含) French in and out of the classroom. It is also uniquely placed to open doors to top universities and colleges in the United States, Canada and around the world.‎ Oakwood Academy Class Size: 1 to 4‎ Grades: JK to Gr. 12.‎ Gender: Open to both sexes Living: Day Oakwood Academy is a private school for students who require an individualized education plan and small class size to meet their unique learning styles. Direct Instruction is used to teach academics in small groups and a meaningful curriculum (课程) allows students to truly learn.‎ TEAM School Class Size: 8 to 12‎ Grades: Gr. 1 to Gr.12‎ Gender: Open to both sexes Living: Day TEAM School provides an academic program for students in Grades 1 through 12. Students from ages 6 to 14 benefit from small class sizes (8 students) and an individualized academic program to provide an educational upgrading.‎ ‎31. Which of the following is a single-gender school？‎ A. TEAM School. B. Branksome Hall.‎ C. Stanstead College. D. Oakwood Academy.‎ ‎32 How is Stanstead College different from the others？‎ A. It is for preschoolers.‎ B. It involves two languages in class.‎ C. It is characterized by small class sizes.‎ D. It provides places for students to stay overnight.‎ ‎33. What can we learn from Oakwood Academy?‎ A. It has a small class size. B. It’s a boarding school.‎ C. It offers job opportunities. D. It has its own website.‎ ‎34. Which of the following is TRUE about TEAM School?‎ A. There are at least 12 students in a class.‎ B. It is just open to children of school age.‎ C. Students can. learn how to work together as a team there.‎ D. Most of its students enter top universities after graduating.‎ ‎35. What do Oakwood Academy and TEAM School both value?‎ A. Personalized ways of studying.‎ B. A sense of serving the community.‎ C. Preparing students for top universities.‎ D. Designing meaningful lessons for students.‎ ‎【答案】31. B 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四所学校的情况，分别是Branksome Hall、Stanstead College、Oakwood Academy以及TEAM School。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细推理判断题。根据Branksome Hall部分中Gender(性别): All girls（全部是女孩）。可知Branksome Hall是单性别学校。故选B。‎ ‎32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Stanstead College部分中It is an English school that embraces (包含) French in and out of the classroom.（这是一所在教室内外都接受法语的英语学校）可知Stanstead College与其他学院不同之处在于Stanstead College在课堂上涉及两种语言。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Oakwood Academy部分中Class Size: 1 to 4（班级人数:1至4人）以及分析其他学校可知Oakwood Academy的班级规模很小。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据TEAM School部分中TEAM School provides an academic program for students in Grades 1 through 12. Students from ages 6 to 14 benefit from small class sizes (8 students) and an individualized academic program to provide an educational upgrading.（TEAM School为1到12年级的学生提供学术项目。面向6岁到14岁的学生的小班(8名学生)和个性化的学术项目提供教育升级）可知TEAM School只对学龄儿童开放。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Oakwood Academy部分中Oakwood Academy is a private school for students who require an individualized education plan and small class size to meet their unique learning styles. （Oakwood Academy是一所私立学校，学生需要个性化的教育计划和小班教学来满足他们独特的学习风格。）以及TEAM School部分中Students from ages 6 to 14 benefit from small class sizes (8 students) and an individualized academic program to provide an educational upgrading.（面向6岁到14岁的学生受益于小班(8名学生)和个性化的学术项目提供教育升级）可知Oakwood Academy和TEAM School两者都看重个性化的学习方式。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题的类型：‎ ‎1、直接信息题 对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。如第二小题，就是可以直接在文中找到有关信息。根据Stanstead College部分中It is an English school that embraces (包含) French in and out of the classroom.（这是一所在教室内外都接受法语的英语学校）可知Stanstead College与其他学院不同之处在于Stanstead College在课堂上涉及两种语言。故选B。‎ ‎2、间接信息题 做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。‎ ‎3、数字计算题 数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。‎ ‎4、排列顺序题 这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。‎ ‎5、图表图画题 在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。‎ B Buddy or Friendship Benches (长椅)are needed because playgrounds can be lonely places sometimes. When a school places the bench, they teach a little lesson to the kids on how it is to be used. Then when a child sits on the bench, it sends out a message to others that basically says, “ Hey, I’m alone right now and would welcome the company (陪伴) of others.” Kids in the playground see this and from their training, they see there is a fellow student in need. They are encouraged to come over and sit on the bench and make a new friend.‎ Benches like this have been around for a while now in many schools. But in Ireland, they are trying to do something different with them. This school in Cork in the south of Ireland is the 247th to ‎ get benches from a social organization called “Buddy Bench Ireland” that doesn’t just provide schools with benches, but also runs special projects with trained child psychiatrists (精神病专家).They use the bench as an opportunity to start conversations about mental health. They talk about the importance of knowing and understanding your feelings and those of others.‎ Judith Ashton, a co-founder of Buddy Bench Ireland said, “The children need to understand what the bench is about, what it represents ----friendship, understanding, listening to each other and the most important thing is that it’s important to express feelings.”‎ But do children really use the bench? It’s a matter of great public concern. Sinead Mcgilloway from Maynooth University carried out a study and said, “ We found that 40% of the children told us that they had actually used the benches at the time of the study. And over 90% said that they would talk to a child if that child was sitting on the bench. So, there’s nothing to worry about.‎ Children’s mental health and safety at school is increasingly a concern in many countries. In Ireland, they’re hoping these benches will not only tackle problems like school violence and school bullying (校园暴力和校园欺凌), but also give students the confidence to open up about their feelings.‎ ‎36. According to the passage, buddy benches might _________.‎ A. make students feel relaxed B. help students feeling lonely to find friends C. be a symbol of psychology classes D. appear in schools filled with problem children ‎37. The organization “Buddy Bench Ireland” _________.‎ A. makes buddy benches more popular B. brings more new-pattern benches to schools C. encourages more students to choose buddy benches D. provides psychological care projects along ‎38. In Judith Ashton’s opinion, what students most need to know is _________.‎ A. how to understand each other B. what buddy benches are about C. the importance of expressing themselves D. the necessity of listening to their friends ‎39. From what Sinead Mcgilloway said, we can know that _________.‎ A. 60% of the children in the study disliked these benches B. over 90% of the children in the study once felt lonely C. he once worried about children with mental problems D. the public don’t have to worry about the use of buddy benches ‎40. What does the underlined word “tackle” mean?‎ A. Deal with. B. Check out.‎ C. Keep a record of. D. Leave out.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在操场放置伙伴长椅能够帮助孤独的学生找到朋友，一个名为“爱尔兰伙伴长凳”的社会组织不仅为学校提供长凳，还提供心理护理项目。他们希望这些长椅不仅能解决校园暴力和校园欺凌等问题，还能让学生有信心敞开心扉表达自己的感受。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Buddy or Friendship Benches are needed because playgrounds can be lonely places sometimes. （伙伴或友谊长椅是需要的，因为操场有时可能是孤独的地方）以及下文They are encouraged to come over and sit on the bench and make a new friend.（他们被鼓励过来坐在长凳上，结交新朋友）可知伙伴长椅可以帮助感觉孤独的学生找到朋友。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中…a social organization called “Buddy Bench Ireland” that doesn’t just provide schools with benches, but also runs special projects with trained child psychiatrists.（……一个名为“爱尔兰伙伴长凳”的社会组织不仅为学校提供长凳，还与训练有素的儿童精神病学家一起开展特殊项目）可知一个名为“爱尔兰长凳伙伴”的组织提供心理护理项目。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Judith Ashton, a co-founder of Buddy Bench Ireland said, “The children need to understand what the bench is about, what it represents ----friendship, understanding, listening to each other and the most important thing is that it’s important to express feelings.”（Buddy Bench Ireland的联合创始人Judith Ashton说:“孩子们需要理解这张长椅的意义，它代表着什么——友谊、理解、相互倾听，最重要的是表达自己的感受。”）可知在Judith Ashton 看来，学生们最需要知道的是表达自己的重要性。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中We found that 40% of the children told us that they had actually used the benches at the time of the study. And over 90% said that they would talk to a child if that child was sitting on the bench. So, there’s nothing to worry about.（我们发现40%的孩子告诉我们，他们在学习时确实使用过这些长椅。超过90%的人表示，如果孩子坐在凳子上，他们会和他说话。所以，没什么好担心的）可知从Sinead Mcgilloway所说的，我们可以知道，公众不必担心伙伴长椅的使用问题。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文problems like school violence and school bullying, but also give students the confidence to open up about their feelings.可知在爱尔兰，他们希望这些长椅不仅能解决校园暴力和校园欺凌等问题，还能让学生有信心敞开心扉表达自己的感受。故划线单词意思为“处理”。故选A。‎ C For 63 percent of Americans, coffee is one of their daily essentials. This number has been this high since 2017, according to the National Coffee Association. The rise of coffee is due to its numerous benefits like preventing DNA damage, but it works best if you do this simple thing first: Eat.‎ ‎“Drinking coffee on an empty stomach, or early in the morning before you’ve had breakfast, can raise the level of cortisol (皮质醇) in your body. From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, your body starts releasing cortisol. It’s a hormone (激素) that’s responsible for ruling your immune response, metabolism (新陈代谢), and stress response,” says Dr. Nikola Djordjevic, MD.‎ ‎“If you pump your body with caffeine(咖啡因) when your cortisol is at its peak,” Djordjevic says, “you’ll be forcing your body to bear even more stress.” In a study that evaluated preference for caffeinated drinks among medical students, it’s shown that 25 percent of students drank coffee in the morning on an empty stomach.‎ These students are at an increased risk of mood changes and possible long-term effects on their health, as explained in the study. “Drinking coffee on an empty stomach can greatly encourage the acid in your stomach, producing a more acidic environment,” says Dr. Jamie Long, a licensed clinical psychologist. Thus, a full stomach is important to control the amount of stomach acid produced.‎ Since coffee increases your stomach acid, you’re highly likely to experience heartburn and even develop gastric ulcers (胃溃疡), Djordjevic says. Clearly, drinking coffee on an empty stomach affects physical health. But it does harm to mental health, too. The overproduction of acid in the stomach can cause mood swings, nervousness, shaking and other withdrawal symptoms (症状). “And if you’ve already had the sign of experiencing anxiety, you’re even more possible to be attacked by the effects of coffee,” says Long.‎ Base line: Know your limits so you can fully experience what coffee can offer, because here’s exactly what happens to your body when you drink coffee daily.‎ ‎41. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to？‎ A. The coffee. B. The DNA damage.‎ C. The stomach. D. The National Coffee Association.‎ ‎42. What does the author tell us about coffee in Paragraph 2？‎ A. It can help to reduce our stress.‎ B. It will slow down our metabolism.‎ C. It might contain some kind of hormone.‎ D. It may increase the cortisol in our bodies.‎ ‎43. What do Dr. Nikola Djordjevic’s words in Paragraph 3 imply?‎ A Cortisol in the body is at a high level in the morning.‎ B. 75 percent of the medical students dislike coffee.‎ C. Medical students usually suffer more stress.‎ D. Most people drink coffee in the afternoon.‎ ‎44. According to Djordjevic and Long, the over- production of stomach acid can ______.‎ A. be good for our hearts B. make us feel less hungry C. relieve our nervousness and anxiety D. harm our physical and mental health ‎45. What can be the best title for this text?‎ A. Why so many Americans are coffee lovers.‎ B. What you can do to keep your stomach healthy.‎ C. Why you shouldn’t drink coffee on an empty stomach.‎ D. How you can control the level of cortisol in your body.‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究人员指出不应当空腹喝咖啡，因为空腹喝咖啡会增加我们体内的皮质醇，从而迫使你的身体承受更多的压力。同时空腹喝咖啡会促使胃酸的过度分泌，从而损害我们的身心健康。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文The rise of coffee is due to its numerous benefits like preventing DNA damage可知咖啡的兴起得益于它的诸多益处，如防止DNA损伤，但如果你先做一件简单的事情：吃，那么咖啡的效果最好。可知it此处指代上文提到的“咖啡”。故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Drinking coffee on an empty stomach, or early in the morning before you’ve had breakfast, can raise the level of cortisol (皮质醇) in your body.（空腹喝咖啡，或者在早餐之前喝咖啡，都会提高体内的皮质醇水平）可知作者在第二段告诉了我们咖啡可能会增加我们体内的皮质醇。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段“If you pump your body with caffeine when your cortisol is at its peak,” Djordjevic says, “you’ll be forcing your body to bear even more stress.” In a study that evaluated preference for caffeinated drinks among medical students, it’s shown that 25 percent of students drank coffee in the morning on an empty stomach.（Djordjevic说:“如果你在皮质醇达到峰值的时候给你的身体注入咖啡因，你将迫使你的身体承受更多的压力。”在一项评估医学院学生对含咖啡因饮料偏好的研究中，有25%的学生早上空腹喝咖啡）可知Nikola Djordjevic博士在第3段的话暗示着人体内的皮质醇在早上处于高水平。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Drinking coffee on an empty stomach can greatly encourage the acid in your stomach, producing a more acidic environment,” says Dr. Jamie Long, a licensed clinical psychologist.（“空腹喝咖啡会极大地刺激胃里的酸性物质，产生更酸的环境，”执业临床心理学家Dr. Jamie Long说）以及第二段中Since coffee increases your stomach acid, you’re highly likely to experience heartburn and even develop gastric ulcers, Djordjevic says.（Djordjevic说，由于咖啡会增加你的胃酸，你很可能会胃灼热，甚至出现胃溃疡）可知Djordjevic和Long认为，胃酸的过度分泌会损害我们的身心健康。故选D。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“If you pump your body with caffeine when your cortisol is at its peak,” Djordjevic says, “you’ll be forcing your body to bear even more stress.” In a study that evaluated preference for caffeinated drinks among medical students, it’s shown that 25 percent of students drank coffee in the morning on an empty stomach.（Djordjevic说:“如果你在皮质醇达到峰值的时候给你的身体注入咖啡因，你将迫使你的身体承受更多的压力。”在一项评估医学院学生对含咖啡因饮料偏好的研究中，有25%的学生早上空腹喝咖啡）以及文章主要说明了空腹喝咖啡会有损健康，故C选项“为什么不应该空腹喝咖啡。”符合文章标题。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第一小题，根据上文The rise of coffee is due to its numerous benefits like preventing DNA damage可知咖啡的兴起得益于它的诸多益处，如防止DNA损伤，但如果你先做一件简单的事情：吃，那么咖啡的效果最好。可知it此处指代上文提到的“咖啡”。故选A。‎ 第II卷（非选择题）‎ 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。‎ If you seek happiness, then you need to know what happiness is for you. I don’t believe there is one universal definition of happiness. Happiness is a very subjective emotion, according to me. Put two people in identical situations: same amount of money, life experiences. etc. and you can be pretty ‎ sure that they both wouldn’t feel equally happy or equally sad. I believe this is so because there are two kinds of happiness. There is one kind of happiness, which is kind of universal and then there is the other kind, which is very individual to each one of us. It is this kind of happiness that I find more interesting.‎ The second kind of happiness that I talk about comes from our expectations out of our lives, which vary from person to person. For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find. They are constantly in search of these things in life, which always seem to elude (逃避) them. Those things may be money or fame or power or any of the other pursuits (追求) that humans have, but it would be likely that such people are less likely to be happy, if their goals are not met. In most cases, even after their goals are met， they don’t find happiness, because they seek more--- new goals, new wish lists, and it’s a seemingly never- ending process for them！‎ On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc. Of course, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn't have any expectations at all. You should keep those expectations reasonable and manageable.‎ ‎46. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎47. What do the underlined words “these things” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎48. Why don’t some people still feel happy even if their goals are met? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎49. In the author' opinion, what kind of people are likely to be happy? (no more than 16 words)‎ ‎50. What is happiness to you? What will you do to achieve your happiness? (no more than 20 words)‎ ‎【答案】46. Every individual has his own happiness. ‎ ‎47. Expectations out of life. ‎ ‎48. Because they have new goals that need achieving. ‎ ‎49. People who can find fun from their daily life. ‎ ‎50. To me, happiness is to go to my dream university. To achieve my dream, I will devote myself to my study.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要论述了幸福没有普遍的定义，作者认为每个人都有自己的幸福。有一种幸福是普遍存在的，而另一种幸福则是来自于我们对生活的期望，这种期望因人而异。在作者看来，能从日常生活中找到乐趣的人更有可能是幸福的。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中I don’t believe there is one universal definition of happiness. Happiness is a very subjective emotion, according to me.（我不相信幸福有一个普遍的定义。在我看来，幸福是一种非常主观的情感）可知作者想在第一段告诉我们幸福对每个人的定义是不一样，每个人都有自己的幸福。故答案为Every individual has his own happiness.。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文The second kind of happiness that I talk about comes from our expectations out of our lives, which vary from person to person. For example, a person who expects a lot out of his or her life may find that happiness is hard to find.（我所说的第二种幸福来自于我们对生活的期望，这种期望因人而异。例如，一个对自己的生活期望过高的人可能会发现幸福是很难找到的）可知在生活中人们不断地寻找着对生活的期望，划线短语指代的是“对生活的期望”，故答案为Expectations out of life.。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中In most cases, even after their goals are met， they don’t find happiness, because they seek more--- new goals, new wish lists, and it’s a seemingly never- ending process for them！（在大多数情况下，即使他们的目标实现了，他们也找不到幸福，因为他们追求更多——新的目标，新的愿望清单，这对他们来说似乎是一个永无止境的过程！）可知有些人即使他们的目标实现了也不开心，因为他们有新的目标需要实现。故答案为Because they have new goals that need achieving.。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中On the other hand, a person who takes life as it comes along and makes the best of each day is more likely to be happy every day. They have no pressure or goals to occupy their minds and they can achieve happiness from the simple pleasures of everyday life, finding love, making time for the family and kids, seeing their kids grow, etc.（另一方面，一个对生活顺其自然、充分利用每一天的人更有可能快乐每一天。他们没有压力或目标来占据他们的思想，他们可以从日常生活的简单快乐中获得幸福，找到爱，为家庭和孩子腾出时间，看着他们的孩子成长，等等）可知在作者看来，能从日常生活中找到乐趣的人很可能是幸福的。故答案为People who can find fun from their daily life.。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 本题为开放性题目，题干意思为“幸福对你来说是什么?为了获得幸福，你会做些什么?”。言之有理即可。例如可答“对我来说，幸福就是去我梦想中的大学。为了实现我的梦想，我将致力于我的研究。”故答案为To me, happiness is to go to my dream university. To achieve my dream, I will devote myself to my study.。‎ 第二节：书面表达（学法题8第1小题2分，2-4小题每题3分，共11分；52题15分；共计26分）‎ ‎51.《新西线无战事》是一部经典的反战电影，曾获奥斯卡最佳影片等大奖。请根据下列提示以An Antiwar Film为题写一篇100词左右的英语短文来评论这部电影。‎ 片名：All Quiet on the Western Front 导演：Delbert Mann 主演：Richard Thomas 主角：Paul Baumer 剧情：以保罗为首的一批德国青年，在爱国老师的号召下，热情地奔赴第一次世界大战的战场。但还未到达前线，就已在伤病医院目睹了战争的残酷，内心开始产生疑问。亲临前线后，逐渐认识到真正的战争是饥饿和死亡。‎ 评论：这是一部我看过的最令人难忘的优秀反战影片，确实值得再看一遍。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】An anti-war film All Quiet on the Western Front is an anti-war film, which is directed by Delbert Mann. The main character is Paul Baumer, played by Richard Thomas.‎ ‎ A group of German youths, headed by Paul Baumer, took part in World War I enthusiastically in answer to the patriotic teacher's call. But before they arrived at the frontline, they saw with their ‎ own eyes the cruel reality that the war brought about in a hospital for the wounded. After reaching/Having reached the battlefield, they came to realize that the true war is just hunger and death.‎ Through the experiences of the leading character, the story shows the terribleness of the war. This is a really unforgettable excellent anti-war film.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一篇短文；《新西线无战事》是一部经典的反战电影，曾获奥斯卡最佳影片等大奖。请根据下列提示以An Antiwar Film为题写一篇100词左右的英语短文来评论这部电影。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组） ：in answer to（响应）；take part in （参与）；come to realize that…（开始意识到……）；terribleness（可怕）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般过去时。‎ 第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如But before they arrived at the frontline, they saw with their own eyes the cruel reality that the war brought about in a hospital for the wounded. 运用了同位语从句；Having reached the battlefield, they came to realize that the true war is just hunger and death.运用了非谓语动词做状语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎52.假如你是新华中学高一学生李津，你的同学王明总是说因为学习忙而没有时间锻炼，最近天气变化，他生病了。请你根据下列要点给他写一封建议信：‎ ‎(1)写信的原因；‎ ‎(2)提出加强锻炼的建议并说明好处；‎ ‎(3)表达祝愿。‎ 注意：(1)短文须包括上述要点，应适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎(2)词数：100左右。短文开头已给出（不计词数）。‎ Dear Wang Ming,‎ I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you are better now.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Jin ‎【答案】Dear Wang Ming,‎ I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you are better now.‎ As is known to us all, spring is the best season of growing. It is such a refreshing time that we are filled with the hope and promise. Yet it is also the best time for the bacterium, so we should take care and exercise more especially when we are busy and hard-working, which means more outdoor activities. You are always saying that you have studied so hard that you had no time for exercise. This is harmful to your health. I feel it would be more beneficial to your health if you could take more exercise in future.‎ Exercise can improve your physical health and refresh your mind. After one or two hours of exercise you can study better. Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling tired. Otherwise your study will be interrupted from time to time by sickness.‎ Exercise is as useful and important as your study. I hope you can take at least one hour’s exercise every day after you are recovered .‎ Best wishes !‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你是新华中学高一学生李津，你的同学王明总是说因为学习忙而没有时间锻炼，最近天气变化，他生病了。请你根据下列要点给他写一封建议信：(1)写信的原因；(2)提出加强锻炼的建议并说明好处；(3)表达祝愿。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组） ：as is known to us all（众所周知）；refreshing（提神的）；be filled with（充满）；outdoor activities（户外活动）；be harmful to（对……有害）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如It is such a refreshing time that we are filled with the hope and promise.运用了结果状语从句；Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling tired.运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。‎