专题08+定语从句（仿真押题）-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

专题08+定语从句（仿真押题）-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题

一、语法填空 ‎1．Meanwhile，other robot teachers, ________can teach math，science and art，have also been developed.‎ ‎【解析】考查非限制性定语从句连接词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，连接词在从句中充当主语，且先行词是other robot teachers“机器人教师”，不是“人”。故填which。‎ ‎【答案】which ‎2．．..he announced the birth of his first child and the creation of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, ________will focus on personalized learning，curing disease...‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．To the world，he is an “abnormal creature” belonging to a minority that includes those ________can't see，talk or hear.‎ ‎【解析】使用定语从句，先行词是those，指人，定语从句中缺少主语，用who引导定语从句。故填who。‎ ‎【答案】who ‎4．Cao is a deeply committed writer, ________difficult childhood has a great influence on his writing.‎ ‎【解析】此处为定语从句，先行词是writer，空格处相当于“the writer's”。故填whose。‎ ‎【答案】whose ‎5．When Elias met Mandela，the black people were in a situation ________they were treated badly.‎ ‎【解析】该句中先行词为situation，关系词在定语从句中充当状语，可还原为they were treated badly in the situation，表示“情况”，属于“空间性的概念”，故使用关系副词where。‎ ‎【答案】where ‎6．The reason ________he refused to attend the meeting was that they didn't give him an invitation earlier.‎ ‎【解析】该句中关系词指代先行词the reason并在定语从句中充当状语，可还原为he refused to attend the meeting for the reason，表示“原因”，故使用关系副词why。‎ ‎【答案】why ‎7．How many students are there in your class ________homes are in the countryside?‎ ‎【解析】先行词为students，定语从句 ________homes are in the countryside中缺少 homes的定语，还原为the students' homes are in the countryside，表示所属关系，故使用关系代词whose。‎ ‎【答案】whose ‎8．The characters and events ________the author described in his book are very interesting.‎ ‎【解析】该句中关系词指代先行词The characters and events，并在定语从句中作describe的宾语，可还原为the author described the characters and events in his book；且先行词中既有人也有物，故只能使用关系代词that。 ‎ ‎【答案】that 二、单句改错 ‎1．My house is about three kilometers away from Xi'an Moslem Street，where is full of local foods. ____________‎ ‎【解析】关系副词where引导定语从句时，连接词在从句中作表语或状语指地点，而本句的关系词在从句中作主语，因此应该用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎【答案】where→which ‎2．Above all，they hosted an American student last year，through that they gained lots of experience. ____________‎ ‎【解析】这里应该用“介词＋which”引导定语从句，表示“从这段经历中”，which指代主句内容。‎ ‎【答案】that→which ‎3．At that moment，the person that footsteps had frightened me walked by，looking curiously at us. ____________‎ ‎【解析】根据句意和句子成分可知，这里应为关系代词，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，指人，故用whose。‎ ‎【答案】第二个that→whose ‎4．I chose five candy bars，what brought my total to 75 cents. ____________‎ ‎【解析】从句意和句子结构看，此处应该用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎【答案】what→which ‎5．This is the factory where I visited last week. ____________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6．We will start at the point which we left off last time. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：我们将从上次停下来的地方开始。分析句子的结构可知，句中包含一个定语从句，先行词point表示抽象的地点，故把which改为where。‎ ‎【答案】which→where ‎7．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard，that didn't work. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：汤姆的母亲不断地告诉他应该认真学习，这没有起任何作用。此处是which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，不能用that。‎ ‎【答案】第二个that→which ‎8．The problem about that I consulted you has now been solved. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：我向你请教的那个问题现在已经解决了。此处是“介词＋which”构成的定语从句。介词后只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)，不能用that和who，但当介词放在后面时，在限制性定语从句中，可用that代替which/whom，并且that可省略。在非限制性定语从句中只能用关系代词which/whom。‎ ‎【答案】that→which ‎9．He told us about the countries where he had visited. ____________‎ ‎【解析】关系词在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故使用关系代词that或which，也可省略。‎ ‎【答案】where→that/which或去掉where 三、选择题 ‎1．After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.‎ A. which B. that C. when D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：在巴黎住了50年后，他返回到孩时生长的小镇。句中包含定语从句，先行词是small town，在定语从句中做状语用关系副词，指在那里长大。故选D.‎ ‎2．What do you think of the materials ______ these clothes are made?‎ A. of which B. with which C. into which D. up of which ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：你认为制成这些衣服的材料如何？从句涉及了be made of词组“由…制成”，介词提到关系代词前面，故选A.‎ ‎3．This is the deepest swimming pool _____ I have ever seen in China.‎ A. which B. what C. where D. that ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎4．When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying.‎ A. what B. when C. where D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词，故不缺主干成分，用关系副词；先行词为house，指地点，故用关系副词where。句意：当我到达时，Bryan带我看了我将要待的房子。‎ ‎5．Sichuan is home to giant pandas, ________ are China’s national treasure loved by people all over the world.‎ A. whose B. that C. where D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处是前面整个句子作先行词，用which引导非限制性定语从句，故选D。句意：四川是大熊猫的故乡，大熊猫是中国的国宝，被全世界人民所喜爱。‎ ‎6．I’ve become good friends with some of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.‎ A. who B. where C. when D. which ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎7．The way ________ was thought of by him of doing the experiment was ‎ similar to the way ________ you carried it out.‎ A. that; which B. which; in which C. what; that D. it; that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查the way的用法和定语从句。第一空引导定语从句，在定语从句中做得是主语，修饰the way，故填which或that；第二空引导定语从句，因为也是修饰the way的，但是定语从句中缺少方式状语，所以可以是in which也可以是that或者不用关系代词。故选B。句意：他想出的做实验的方法与你实施的方法很相似的。‎ ‎8．They have finished the work by themselves, ________ I told you.‎ A. what B. as C. that D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查as引导的定语从句。句意：正如我告诉你的，他们已经靠自己完成了工作。故选B。‎ ‎9．Andrew lives alone and enjoys the company of a pet cat _______ he’s grown so fond.‎ A. which B. in which C. of which D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：Andrew单独生活，享受一只她渐渐喜欢上的宠物猫的陪伴。be fond of喜爱，a pet cat做先行词，在定语从句中做be fond of的介词宾语，故选C。 考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎10．As a student of Senior Three, he has very little free time _________ he can spend developing his own interest.‎ A. when B. in which C. at which D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。此处选用关系代词that作及物动词spend的宾语。time是先行词，little修饰先行词，故选D。‎ ‎11．The man______is standing on the playground is my maths teacher．‎ A．when B．which C．who D．where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句，The man是先行词，指人，从句缺少引导词，缺少主语，故选C。‎ ‎12．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.‎ A. what B. which C. when D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是the environment，定语从句中动词live是不及物动词，后面不能直接加宾语，也就是说定语从句的结构很完整，要使用关系副词where引导这个定语从句。A项不能引导定语从句，B项在定语从句中作主语、宾语等，when作先行词通常指时间。故D项正确。句意：现今人们对自己生活在其中的环境越来越关注。‎ ‎13．We students should appreciate our teachers, ________ help will certainly get us to achieve our dreams some day.‎ A. their B. whose C. whom D. who ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非限制性定语从句及关系词的使用。英语句子中不能直接用逗号连接两个完整的句子，故选项A排除；who和whom在定语从句中分别做主语和宾语，whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。句意：我们应该感谢我们的老师，他们的帮助一定能够让我们在未来的某一天实现我们的梦想。故B项正确。‎ ‎14．This factory produces about one million pairs of shoes each year, 60% ________ are sold abroad.‎ A. of them B. of that C. of whom D. of which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是one million pairs of shoes，关系代词which指代先行词。A项不是定语从句，whom的先行词必须是人，that不能放在介词的后面。句意：每年这家工厂生产大约100万双鞋子，其中百分之60销往海外。故D项正确。‎ ‎15．People have the belief _______ factories should produce fewer things from raw materials, _______ the supply is growing smaller and smaller.‎ A. which; that B. that; of which ‎ C. that; whose D. which; whose ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎16．It is important to maintain clear channels of communication _________ to make complaints so as to guarantee the quality of our service.‎ A. in which B. in thatC. by whichD. through which ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意上：保有清楚的沟通渠道很重要，通过这些渠道可以提出意见以保障我们服务的质量。此题定语从句的考查，涉及到“介词+关系代词”的使用；空格处表示的是“通过这些渠道”故需要用到介词through；定语从句的先行词为“channels of communication”故使用D项正确。其中B项表示的“因为”之意。定语从句中考查到“介词+关系代词”的时候，一定要注意介词的选用，通常要依据先行词在从句中做的成分而定。‎ ‎17．Shenzhou I, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, was launched in November, 1999.‎ A. what B. that C. as D. one ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查连接词。句意：神舟一号，正如你们许多人记得的，是在1999年十一月发射的。as“正如……”，故选C项。‎ ‎18．—Where did you meet him while in Nanjing?‎ ‎—It was in the hotel ________ I stayed ________ I met him.‎ A. that, that B. which, that C. when, where D. where, that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句及强调句。句中where引导定语从句，先行词为the hotel，在从句中作地点状语；that引导强调句，强调地点状语。句意：——你在哪里遇到他的？——我在我住的宾馆遇到他的。故选D。‎ ‎19．Our class teacher has a gift for creating an atmosphere for us students ‎ ‎________ allows us to communicate freely with each other.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. who ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们的老师有为学生营造一种良好（课堂）氛围的天赋,这种氛围能够令学生交流自如。先行词是atmosphere（气氛），是物，而定语从句又缺少主语，所以用which。‎ ‎20．—Have you heard that our primary school will be torn down next year?‎ ‎—Really? I suppose it is such bad news ________ most of its former and present students will feel upset about.‎ A. that B. which C. as D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——有没有听说我们的小学明年要被拆除了？——是吗？我想大多数以前和现在的学生知道这个坏消息都会感到伤心难过的。第二个句子中依照句子中的“such”一词可以判定出后面是接“that”或“as”；接着判断后面的句子是否完整，很明显后面的句子“most of its former and present students will feel upset about.”中about后面没有宾语，故只能用as充当宾语成分从而构成定语从句来修饰前面的“news”一词。如果在后一句中about后接了宾语则需要考虑为“such…that”的结果状语从句，故C项正确。‎ ‎21． Have you ever had a case ______ you were accused of not making the greatest efforts to do something well?‎ A. that B. where C. which D. when ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎22．—Have you heard any news about Sarah?‎ ‎—Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.‎ A. who B. that C. which D. it ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你听到关于莎拉的消息了吗？——是的，她被提升为公司的董事长，这使每个人都很惊讶。前面整个句子作先行词，后面用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。‎ ‎23．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ________ are beyond our control.‎ A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查对句子结构及定语从句的理解和应用。根据句子结构——逗号前面为一个完整的句子，后面句子与前面没有连词连接，故只能是从属成分，从而排除选项A；逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，关系代词不能用what或that，因此答案选B。若横线前有and则选A。‎ ‎24．—Where did the professor made the speech yesterday?‎ ‎—It was in the hall ________ the students often have a meeting ________ the professor made the speech yesterday.‎ A. that; which B. where; that C. that; when D. where; when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查强调句式和定语从句。分析句子可知，答句首先是个强调句，强调in the hall；the students often have a meeting是定语从句，先行词是hall，在从句中作状语，所以第一空填where；第二空填强调句的标志that。句意：是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅教授昨天做的演讲。故选B。‎ ‎25．Jane is the only one of the students who ________ a little Chinese and is one of my friends who ________ studying in China now.‎ A. know; have B. knows; has C. knows; are D. know; is ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句。此句包含了两个定语从句，关系代词都在从句中作主语。关系代词的单复数应与定语从句的先行词的单复数保持一致。第一个从句的先行词是the only one of the ‎ teachers，指唯一的老师，从句谓语动词应用单数形式；第二个定语从句先行词是my friends，表示的是复数概念，所以从句谓语用复数，因此答案为C项。‎ ‎26．Ray Kurzweil is a computer scientist and an employee of Google, ________ specializes in Internet-related services.‎ A. that B. when C. where D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Ray Kurzweil是一位计算机科学家和谷歌的一名员工，谷歌专业从事互联网相关服务。Google是先行词，故后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，故选D。‎ ‎27．Could you imagine a future changed by technology ________ our lessons are taught by robots rather than human teachers?‎ A. at which B. that C. which D. in which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。a future是先行词，后面是定语从句，“在未来我们的课被机器人教而不是人类”。in the future在未来，是固定短语；先行词是future，故后面的定语从句用in which引导，故选D。‎ ‎28．Last year, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects the people are still suffering．‎ A．that B．whose C．which D．what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：去年，东南亚部分地区被洪水袭击，人们现在仍受到它（指洪水）的影响。空格所在句子是非限制性定语从句，关系词是floods，选择关系代词whose，修饰限制effects，表示“洪水的影响”，故选B。‎ ‎29．On my way home in the street I saw a lady ________ I thought was your aunt.‎ A. who B. whom C. which D. whose ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查定语从句。a lady是先行词，I thought是插入语，根据was my aunt可看出，空格处需要一个可作主语的词语。whom不可以。故选A。‎ ‎30．Is there a bar around ________ I can have something to eat?‎ A. that B. what C. which D. where ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎