【英语】河南省开封市2020届高三第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

【英语】河南省开封市2020届高三第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

河南省开封市 2020 届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Students today have an important and wonderful advantage: social media. However, we should know that not all social media platforms are created equal. Twitter Advantage: Twitter is best for conducting quick surveys and advertising. Twitter is also great for keeping up with current events. By following active politicians, we are becoming more familiar with their policies and their faces. Twitter is also better for online debates because of the character limit. Disadvantage: Twitter’s disadvantage is that you can see so many things you’re not interested in because the people you follow retweet these posts. Facebook Advantage: Its best uses are keeping up with family and high school friends. Also Facebook makes it extremely easy to inform students about concerts and fairs. It’s the only big social media platform—where you can create specific albums for different things. Disadvantage: Facebook’s biggest downfall is that if you comment on anything, you get notifications for every other comment. Additionally, debates about everything under the sun. Snapchat Advantage: The best social media platform for socializing is actually Snapchat. Snapchat works quickly and gives you the freedom to be spontaneous (常心血来潮的) with your posts. It gives you the most insight into the people you follow or are friends with. In high school, my friends would always tell me, You’d probably know more about our lives if you were on Snapchat. Disadvantage: On Snapchat, stories disappear alter 24 hours and you can miss some great moment if you don’t check it regularly. Instagram Advantage: It’s like an online diary of our best moments. For many of us, posting on Instagram is like the college version of show-and-tell. Disadvantage: It has too many advertisements. Many times when you just want to see what your friends have recently posted, the app throws in an advertisement that looks like any other post. 1. Why is Twitter considered annoying? A. It always has various repetitive contents. B. It almost focuses too much on politicians. C. It seldom keeps up with current events. D. It often asks users to do quick surveys. 2. What is Facebook suitable for? A. Making contents. B. Doing quick surveys. C. Running advertisements. D. Producing different albums. 3. In which platform will you probably miss some posts after a day? A. Twitter. B. Facebook. C. Snapchat. D. Instagram. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同社交体平台的优缺点。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。由 Twitter 部分中的 Twitter’s disadvantage is that you can see so many things you’re not interested in because the people you follow retweet these posts.（Twitter 的缺点 是你可以看到很多你不感兴趣的东西，因为你关注的人会转发这些帖子。）可知，Twitter 上 有太多重复的信息让人讨厌。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。由 Facebook 部分中的 It’s the only big social media platform—where you can create specific albums for different things.（它是唯一的大型社交媒体平台，在这里你可以 为不同的东西创建特定的相册。）可知，Facebook 这个平台适合制作各种相册。故选 D 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。由 Snapchat 部分中的 Disadvantage: On Snapchat, stories disappear after 24 hours and you can miss some great moments if you don’t check it regularly（缺点:在 Snapchat 上， 故事会在 24 小时后消失，如果你不经常查看，你可能会错过一些精彩的时刻）可知，如果 你不及时查看 Snapchat 上的信息，一天后就没了。故选 C 项。 B I’m Amanda Gorman, I’ve been crazy about writing poetry since third grade. After polishing my skills for about a decade and having judges review my poetry and videos of my performances, I was named the country’s Youth Poet Laureate in 2017, I’ve read my work at the Library of Congress. It’s been an excellent journey especially since I used to have trouble saying half the alphabet. My twin sister Sarah and I were born very prematurely, which led to lots of ear infections. I didn’t have as much luck as Sarah and the ear infections left me with a severe hearing problem, making it difficult to understand speech, which caused me to develop a speech impediment. My sister would have to translate when I spoke because people had no idea what I was saying. Writing wasn’t just fun: it was a way to have my voice heard and to stop me from feeling pity for my disability. And I was determined to read my poetry in front of audiences. Our single mom couldn’t always afford medical help. Sometimes she had to choose: Shall I put food on the table or make sure Amanda can say this word? When we couldn’t pay, I’d spend about an hour a day recording my talking and correcting the mistakes gain and again. But poetry was a constant. I didn’t need expensive materials to train myself to be better at that. At age 20, I still suffer from self-doubt, but i have got a necklace which my grandmother gave me. When I’m nervous before performing, I hold it and say, “I am the daughter of black writers who fought for their freedom, broke their chains and changed the world” And 100 percent of the time after saying that, I’m ready to go. 4. Why was the visit to the Library of Congress special for Amanda? A. She received a big award after the visit. B. She was inspired to write poetry there. C. She did some reading for an audience. D. She succeeded in saying the alphabet there. 5. How is Sarah different from Amanda? A. Sarah is physically healthier. B. Sarah finds writing much more fun. C. Sarah likes public speaking a lot more. D. Sarah didn’t have ear infections as a baby. 6. What did Amanda think of her mom? A. Her mom didn’t like setting the table. B. Her mom struggled to support the family. C. Her mom showed little concern for her. D. Her mom was good at correcting her mistakes. 7. What can be inferred about Amanda from the last paragraph? A. She’s a black writer. B. She’s always confident. C. She has many necklaces. D. She aims to change the world. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 【分析】 本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了患有语言障碍的 Amanda 痴迷诗歌写作并获得巨大成功 的故事。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的 “I’ve read my work at the Library of Congress” 可知，Amanda 在美国国会图书馆给大家朗读了她的作品。故选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的“ I didn’t have as much luck as Sarah and the ear infections left me with a severe hearing problem（我没有萨拉那么幸运，耳部感染给我留下了严重的听力问 题）” 以及 “My sister would have to translate when I spoke because people had no idea what I was saying（当我说话时，我姐姐必须翻译，因为人们不知道我在说什么）” 可知，Sarah 比 Amanda 耳部的状况要好，身体要更健康些。故选 A 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中的“ Our single mom couldn’t always afford help. Sometimes she had to choose: Shall I put food the table or make sure Amanda can say this word（我们的单身母 亲不能总是提供帮助。有时她不得不做出选择：是把食物放在桌子上，还是确保阿曼达能说 出这个词）”可知，Amanda 的妈妈是单亲妈妈，她供养家人很艰难。故选 B 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“ I am the daughter of black writers who fought for their freedom, broke their chains and changed the world（ 我是黑人作家的女儿，他们为自由而战， 挣脱枷锁，改变世界）”可知，Amanda 是黑人作家，她以先辈的故事激励自己。故选 A 项。 【点睛】阅读理解之细节推理 细节推断题：要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物 身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。比如文章最 后一题： 4. What can be inferred about Amanda from the last paragraph? A. She’s a black writer. B. She’s always confident. C. She has many necklaces. D. She aims to change the world. 根据最后一段：At age 20, I still suffer from self-doubt, but i have got a necklace which my grandmother gave me. When I’m nervous before performing, I hold it and say, “I am the daughter of black writers who fought for their freedom, broke their chains and changed the world” And 100 percent of the time after saying that, I’m ready to go.（在 20 岁的时候，我仍然饱受自我怀疑的 折磨，但是我有一条我奶奶送给我的项链。当我在演出前感到紧张时，我会拿着它说:“我是 黑人作家的女儿，他们为自由而战，挣脱枷锁，改变世界。”说完这句话后，我百分之百地 准备出发。）可知，选项 B：She’s always confident 与原文“At age 20, I still suffer from self-doubt”相矛盾，B 项错误。选项 C：She has many necklaces.未忠于原文“I have got a necklace which my grandmother gave me.”，属于主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，C 项错误。D 项 She aims to change the world.与原文“…black writers who fought for their freedom, broke their chains and changed the world”张冠李戴，D 项错误。A 项 She’s a black writer 是在原文“I am the daughter of black writers”基础上的合理推断。A 项正确。 C Andrew Grey doesn’t fit most people’s idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope. Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science. “This is a collaborative ( 合 作 的 ) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist ( 天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics. “As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don’t stay focused on what they’re supposed to. And that’s good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in s data set. “And citizen science doesn’t have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citizen scientists,” she says. That’s what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels. Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people. As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.” 8. What made citizen scientists appear? A. The high level of science projects B. The development of technology. C. The support of the government. D. The foundation of Zooniverse. 9. What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines? A. Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly. B. Humans focus their attention on data. C. Humans can observe uncommon things. D. Humans have stronger emotions. 10. What is Lincon’s attitude towards citizen science? A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. 11. What would be the best title of the text? A. Citizen scientists can be intelligent. B. Science is important to everyone. C. Anyone can be a scientist. D. Science is everywhere. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了这样的观点：科学研究并不专属于科学家，平民科学 家对科学研究也有很大的帮助。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中的 For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization to science. （几个世纪以来，只有少数普通人对科学作出了贡献，但技术的进步使科学的民主化程度提 高了。）可知，由于科技的发展使得科学趋于民主化，更多的平民才能接触到科学。故选 B 项。 【9 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 第 四 段 中 的 Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don’t stay focused on what they’re supposed to. And that’s good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set. （机器学习允许计算机进行一些模式识别。但是人类，尤其是业余科学家，不会专注于他们 应该做的事情。这很好，因为这样做的人会注意到数据集中不寻常的东西。）可推知，和机 器相比，人更能注意到数据里一些特殊的东西。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的 As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that we’re intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help”（作为一名专业的科学家， Lintott 说:“人们认为我们很聪明，但是科学很简单，我们需要你的帮助。”）可推知，Lintott 认为科学家需要这些平民科学家的帮助，因此 Lintott 对平民科学是非常赞同的。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过对 Andrew Grey 这位平民科学家的介绍来引出全文；第二 段中的 Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.说明这样的平民科学家目前有很多；第五段中的 And citizen science doesn’t have to be directed by a scientist 说明想成为平民科学家并不难。再通过下文中 regular people, help from everyday people, science is easy 这些字眼可判断，文章主要讲述了普通人也可以研 究科学，成为科学家，C 项 Anyone can be a scientist.很好地概括了全文的主旨大意。故选 C 项。 【点睛】阅读理解技巧之态度推理好判断 态度只分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。识别 态度有以下方法：找文中带有感情色彩的名次、动词、形容词、副词；根据作者举的例子判 断等。比如文章第 3 小题： 3. What is Lincon’s attitude towards citizen science? A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. 在涉及本题的文段中：As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.” “we need your help（我们需要你们 的帮助）”揭示了他的态度：接受支持平民科学家。因此，不难选择，A 项为正确答案。 D Don’t like seeds in your tomatoes? You might be pleased to know that seedless ones have been created by gene editing. This could create a wide range of seedless fruits, but few may ever be seen in the supermarket if regulators decide to treat gene-edited crops in the same way as genetically engineered ones. Several seedless fruits, from bananas to grapes, are already available, but have mostly come about by luck rather than design. And although there are a few seedless varieties of tomatoes, they’ve taken researchers many years to create. Now it can be done very quickly, as Keishi Osakabe at Tokushima University in Japan has shown. His team used the CRISPR gene editing technology to make fruits develop even though no seeds had begun to form. “We haven’t tasted them yet, but in theory they should taste the same,” says Osakabe. There have been a few efforts to create seedless tomatoes using earlier genetic-engineering techniques. These methods take longer time compared with CRISPR. Some “seedless” fruits just have very small seeds, and still require pollination (授粉). But completely seedless fruits like the edited tomato do not require pollination at all. Such plants could improve food security by reducing our reliance on smaller bee populations, says Saul Cunningham at the Australian National University. Many fruit growers buy bees to pollinate their crops. There is a deficiency for farmers, however. Seedless plants usually have to be grown from cuttings, which involves more labor than planting seeds. CRISPR could be used to develop other types of fruit that don’t require pollinator, as well as introduce beneficial mutations (突变), says Osakabe. But to make it on to the supermarket, gene-edited plants may have to meet the same standards as genetically engineered plants, which would greatly increase costs. Some argue chat since gene editing is used to introduce mutations already found in some of the plants we eat, it should not require such strict regulations. 12. What has been the problem with tomatoes created in the past? A. Their taste was not very good. B. They still had a few big seeds. C. Their genes could not be recognized. D. They took quite a long time to create. 13. What did Keishi Osakabe’s team do? A. They edited tomatoes’ genes. B. They changed the taste of tomatoes. C. They made seedless bananas and grapes. D. They created genetically engineered tomatoes. 14. Why is CRISPR better than previous methods? A. It will still require pollination. B. It will remain unaffected without bees. C. It will reduce people’s reliance on food security. D. It will make many growers buy bees for pollination. 15. What does the underlined word “deficiency” in Paragraph probably mean? A. Danger. B. Disadvantage. C. Benefit. D. Solution. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过基因技术培育出无籽西红柿。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的 And although there are a few seedless varieties of tomatoes, they’ve taken researchers many years to create.（虽然有一些无籽品种的西红柿，但研究人员花 了很多年才创造出来）可知，之前的无籽西红柿生长培育周期相当的长。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中的 His team used the CRISPR gene-editing technology to make fruits develop even though no seeds had begun to form.（他的团队使用了 CRISPR 基因编辑技 术，使水果得以生长，尽管还没有种子开始形成）可知， Keish Osakabe 的科研队伍为了获 得无籽西红柿而编辑了西红柿的基因。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。由第六段中的 But completely seedless fruits like the edited tomato do not require pollination at all.（但是像编辑过的番茄这样完全无籽的水果根本不需要授粉）可知， 无籽西红柿不需要授粉，所以即使没有蜜蜂，这项技术也不会受到影响。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 词义猜测题。划线单词所在句有转折副词“however”存在，因此可推知后文讲述的是无 籽西红柿给农民带来的不利之处。且后文“Seedless plants usually have to be grown from cuttings, which involves more labor than planting seeds.（无籽植物通常要从插枝开始生长，这比播种要 耗费更多的劳力）可知，无籽植物需要投入更多的劳动力，所以对农民而言是不利的，故 deficiency 在此处的意思和 disadvantage 一致。故选 B 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 The Millennial Trains Project is a non-profit organization that enables young people to get involved in creative projects. The organization leads crowdfunded train journeys. ____16____ The organization has already completed two journeys, through the northern and central United States. Twenty-four people are now getting ready to be a part of the third. To earn a place on the train, each person has to raise $5,000. ____17____ At each stop, they get off the train to explore a different town or city. The idea is to visit small businesses, community centers, schools -or wherever their projects take them. ____18____ He knows that universities are becoming more and more expensive each year, and many people think higher education is no longer affordable. Over the next 10 days he is visiting seven universities. He wants to see what they are doing to meet these challenges. Catherine Tsavalas is planning to explore how bookstores and libraries improve local communities. ____19____ She also wants to know if they are using social media to connect with people. Hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, floods—research suggests these are going to happen more and more. Jenny Gottstein thinks she can address these challenges. At each stop, she is planning to interview local leaders, emergency workers, and computer game designers. ____20____ She believes people are more likely to remember something important when the information is fun and game-like. These 24 people are strangers now, but not for long. The next week is going to be a life-changing learning experience for many. A. She then plans to create a game to help people prepare for disasters. B. Trevor Eagle wants to make s difference to the education system. C. Besides money, they also need to have an idea for a project. D. Community leaders will travel by train across American South. E. These journeys provide the young with the chance to help different communities. F. Tyson Foods had supported the project for a 10-day journey across the US. G. She wants to find out what they are doing to encourage more people to read. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. A 【解析】 本文是说明文，文章介绍了 Millennial Trains Project 这个组织，旨在鼓励年轻人通过旅 行参与到一些有创造性的活动中去。 【16 题详解】 所填空在段中，承前启后的作用。根据名词复现原则，由上文“The organization leads crowdfunded train journeys.”以及下文“The organization has already completed two journeys,”可 知 train journeys 为这三句话的主题，因此所填空应继续讨论 train journeys。E 项“These journeys provide the young with the chance to help different communities.（这些旅程为年轻人提供了帮 助不同社区的机会）中的 these journeys 指代上文中的 train journeys，the young 指代下文中 的 young people。故选 E 项。 【17 题详解】 所填空在段中，承前启后。由上文中的 each person has to raise $5,000 和下文中的 The idea 可知，该组织的成员不仅需要等集资金，同时还需要为活动献计献策。C 项“Besides money, they also need to have an idea for a project.”（除了钱，他们还需要有一个项目的想法）符合语境表 达。故选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 所填空在段首，中心主旨句。由下文中的内容可知，该段主要介绍了一位男性成员希望 自 己能在高等教育方面做些事情，B 项“Trevor Eagle wants to make s difference to the education system.（特雷弗·伊格尔想要改变教育系统）”概括了本段主旨要义。故选 B 项。 【19 题详解】 所填空在段中，承前启后。由下文中的 “She also wants to know if they are using social media to connect with people（她还想知道他们是否在使用社交媒体与人联系）”可知，设空 处应当还介绍了有关“她”想做的某件事情。再由上文中 的 bookstores 和 libraries 可知，G 项“She wants to find out what they are doing to encourage more people to read.”中 encourage more people to read 与其为同现关系。故选 G 项。 【20 题详解】 所填空在段中，承前启后。A 项“She then plans to create a game to help people prepare for disasters.”中的 plans to create a game 及 disasters 和上文中的 is planning to 及 Hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, floods 相呼应。因此 A 项符合语境。故选 A 项。 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On a Monday morning, back in 2015, I remember parking my car outside my doctor’s clinic in Broadwater, Western Australia. I felt ____21____ and I carefully practiced what I wanted to tell my doctor. Heartbreak, sorrow and the loss of the idea of a complete family left me not coping well. I was ____22____. I had tried to pick myself up, tried to throw myself into my work as an educator in before-and-after school care, and also tried to focus on my art. ____23____ these efforts, my depression hadn’t gone away. It kept ____24____ like a cancer in my inner world. I wanted a(n) ____25____. I wanted to be as healthy as my son, Kai, who was ____26____ me. I took a few deep breaths and went to my ____27____. After I returned to my car, I shut the door and started ____28____ uncontrollably. My doctor said I had severe depression. I needed to take antidepressant. I had to make some big ____29____ to get better. Still sobbing, I was _____30_____ to hear a knock on my car door. A slim lady with short fair hair _____31_____ opened it and began to speak calmingly and kindly to me. “I don’t know what you’re _____32_____ right now. But know this, I will pray for you, you are being _____33_____ and what you are going through will pass,” she Said. “Can I give you a hug?” There I was, a weeping mess, _____34_____ accepting this kind stranger’s comforting hug. All I _____35_____ to reply in a choked-up (哽咽的) voice was “thank you”. This was the most significant act of _____36_____ that I’ve ever experienced from a stranger. It gave me hope. My _____37_____ started right there. About a year later, I bumped into the same kind _____38_____ at the opening of an art exhibition. She _____39_____ me and smiled. She said she could tell I was doing well. We _____40_____ again, and once more I could express my appreciation for her gesture. 21. A. confident B. proud C. nervous D. patient 22. A. ashamed B. astonished C. depressed D. confused 23. A. Without B. Despite C. Beyond D. Through 24. A. growing B. surviving C. moving D. wandering 25. A. excuse B. life C. job D. reward 26. A. looking for B. waiting for C. walking around D. depending on 27. A. school B. neighborhood C. house D. appointment 28. A. coughing B. weeping C. laughing D. shaking 29. A. preparations B. comments C. changes D. contributions 30. A. surprised B. delighted C. disappointed D. excited 31. A. quickly B. madly C. gently D. casually 32. A. describing B. observing C. determiningD. experiencing 33. A. left behind B. looked afterC. called on D. turned off 34. A. calmly B. eagerly C. unwillingly D. gratefully 35. A. managed B. decided C. failed D. attempted 36. A. courage B. kindness C. wisdom D. devotion 37. A. treatment B. experiment C. recovery D. adventure 38. A. lady B. doctor C. educator D. girl 39. A. recognized B. forgave C. understood D. comforted 40. A. met B. nodded C. acted D. hugged 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D 【分析】 本文是记叙文。作者心情极度抑郁，一位陌生女士给了地一个温暖的拥抱，从那以后作 者的心情开始好转起来。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意： A. confident 有信心的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. nervous 紧 张的；D. patient 有耐心的。由下文中的 I carefully practiced what I wanted to tell my doctor 和 第二段中的 I took a few deep breaths 可推断，去见医生让作者感到紧张（nervous）。故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧。A. ashamed 羞愧的；B. astonished 震惊的；C. depressed 抑郁的；D. confused 困惑的。由下文中的 my depression hadn’t gone away 可知，作 者心情抑郁（depressed）。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管做了这些努力，我的抑郁并没有消失。A. Without 在没 有……的情况下；B. Despite 尽管；C. Beyond 超过；D. Through 通过。根据语境可知，此处 表示转折，付出了这些努力，作者的抑郁还是挥之不去。these efforts 指的是 I had tried to pick myself up…focus on my art。故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的内心世界里，它就像癌细胞一样不断生长。 A. growing 生长；B. surviving 幸存；C. moving 移动；D. wandering 漫步；徘徊。分析可知，“It”指的是 depression。抑郁就像癌症一样在我的内心世界里不断生长（growing）。故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要好好生活。 A. excuse 借口；B. life 生命；生活；C. job 工作；D. reward 报酬；回报。根据后文“I wanted to be as healthy as my son, Kai…（我想和我 儿子凯一样健康……）”可知，作者想要的是正常的生活。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我想和依赖我的儿子凯一样健康。A. looking for 寻找； B. waiting for 等待；等候；C. walking around 四处走动；D. depending on 依赖。所填空在从 句中，从句主语为 who,先行词为之前的名词“my son”，宾语为“me”，因此可推知之间动作 应为儿子依赖我。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了几次深呼吸，然后去赴约。 A. school 学校；B. neighborhood 附近；街区；C. house 房子；D. appointment 任命；约定。根据前文第一段提及 “I remember parking my car outside my doctor’s clinic”，可知，作者与医生有预约。故选 D 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到车上后，我关上车门，开始控制不住哭泣。A. coughing 咳嗽；B. weeping 哭泣； C. laughing 大笑；D. shaking 颤抖。由下文中的 Still sobbing 可知， 作者回到车里之后开始不由自主地哭泣（weeping）起来。故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要服用抗抑郁药。我得做些大的改变才能好起来。 A. preparations 准备；B. comments 评论；C. changes 改变；零钱；D. contributions 贡献。根据 前文“I needed to take antidepressant.（我需要服用抗抑郁药）”可知，为了康复，作者必须做 出一些大的改变（change）。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还在抽泣，听到有人敲我的车门，我感到很惊讶。A. surprised 惊讶的；B. delighted 高兴的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. excited 激动兴奋的。根据 句意和语境可知，听到有人敲车门，作者感到意外（surprised）。故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位身材苗条、金黄色短发的女士温柔地打开门，开始对我 说着柔和亲切的话。“我不知道你现在在经历什么。 A. quickly 快速地；B. madly 疯狂地； 发狂地；精神失常地；C. gently 温柔地；D. casually 随便地；偶然地；临时地。根据后文“began to speak calmingly and kindly to me.（开始对我说着平静而亲切的话）”可知用于描述这位女 士的动作的副词为褒义词“calmingly, kindly”，因此这位女士应是轻轻的打开了车门。故选 C 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位身材苗条、金黄色短发的女士温柔地打开门，开始对我 说着柔和亲切的话。“我不知道你现在在经历什么。A. describing 描述；B. observing 观察； C. determining 决定；D. experiencing 经历。根据句意和语境可知，这位女士看到了作者在哭 泣，应是就发生了的事情表示慰问。D 项 experiencing（经历）符合句意。故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：但你要知道，我会为你祈祷，你会得到照顾，你所经历的一 切都会过去的。”“我能拥抱你一下吗?” A. left behind 留下；遗留；B. looked after 照顾；照看； C. called on 拜访；D. turned off 关闭。根据句意和语境可知，这位女士在为作者祈祷，作者 会感受到被关怀照顾。故选 B 项。 【34 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我泪流满面，满怀感激地接受了这个陌生人的拥抱。A. calmly 冷静地；平静地；B. eagerly 急切地；渴望地；C. unwillingly 不情愿地；勉强地；D.gratefully 感激地；感谢地。根据句意和语境可知，这位女士要给作者一个拥抱以表安慰。作者的态度 应是感激的。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能哽咽着回答“谢谢”。A. managed 管理；经营；控制； 设法；B. decided 决定；C. failed 失败，不及格；破产；缺乏；衰退；D. attempted 企图，试 图；尝试。根据句意和语境可知，此处表达作者向这位女士表示感谢。manage to do 意为“设 法完成某事；勉强做成某事”，符合语境要求。故选 A 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我从陌生人那里得到的最重要的善举。A. courage 勇气； B. kindness 仁慈；好意；C. wisdom 智慧；才智；D. devotion 献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱。根 据句意和语境可知，作者认为这位陌生女上的拥抱是作者经历过的最有意义的善举 （kindness）。故选 B 项。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我希望。我的康复就在那里开始。 A. treatment 治疗； B. experiment 实验；C. recovery 恢复，复原；痊愈；D. adventure 冒险。根据前文“It gave me hope（它给了我希望）”表明作者的病情有所改善或好转。结合句意和语境可知，recovery （痊愈）符合要求。故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，我在一个艺术展的开幕式上遇到了这位善良的 女士 A. lady 女士；B. doctor 医生；C. educator 教育者；D. girl 女孩。由 bumped into the same kind 可知，大约一年以后，作者又遇到了这位善良的女士（lady）。故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认出了我，笑了。A. recognized 辨认；认出；B. forgave 原谅；C. understood 理解；D. comforted 安慰。根据后文“……and smiled”表明，这位女士认 出了作者。故选 A 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们再次拥抱，我再次对她的举动表示感谢。A. met 遇见； B. nodded 点头；C. acted 行动；D. hugged 拥抱。根据句意和语境，以及之后的“again”可以 判断，作者和这位女士再次拥抱。故选 D 项。 【点睛】完形填空题—基调一致原则 在使用形容词或副词描述事物或动作时，作者往往会保持基调一致原则—即，对一个人 的褒贬态度一致。比如文章第 11 小题： A slim lady with short fair hair ____11____ opened it and began to speak calmingly and kindly to me. 11. A. quickly B. madly C. gently D. casually 作者在描述这位女士时使用了褒义词：fair, calmingly 和 kindly， 因此在选择 11 题副词 时，要保持基调一致，选择褒义词 gently。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1，5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答 案填写在答题卡的相应位置。 One place that has left a lasting ____41____ (impress) on me is the island of Lesvos in Greece, I went there for ____42____ holiday with some of my friends. We felt that we deserved a bit of sun and a chance ____43____ (relax) after having studied so hard. Strangely enough, even though I went there for a well-earned rest. I ____44____ (actual) worked harder than I had ever done before. Instead of spending my days on the beach sunbathing and swimming in the sea, I ended up ____45____ (help) the locals deal with the endless arrival of refugees ( 难民), many of ____46____ were struggling to get to the beach after their boats had turned over. Anyway, this holiday turned out to be one of the most ____47____ (forget) of my life, but for all the wrong reasons. Often, when I’m alone these days, I ____48____ (disturb) by the memories of the faces of parents who couldn’t find their children, and the sound of people screaming ____49____ help. ____50____ the people of Lesvos did to help these people, opening their homes to them and sharing the few possessions they themselves owned, was absolutely amazing. I was completely touched by the generosity of the people of Lesvos. 【答案】41. impression 42. a 43. to relax 44. actually 45. helping 46. whom 47. unforgettable 48. am disturbed 49. for 50. What 【分析】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己在希腊度假期间和当地人一起帮助难民的经历。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。句意：有一个地方给我留下了深刻的印象，那就是希腊的莱斯沃斯岛，我和 一些朋友去那里度假。设空处作 left 的宾语，需用名词，由空前不定冠词可知，此处使用名 称单数形式。故填 impression。 【42 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：有一个地方给我留下了深刻的印象，那就是希腊的莱斯沃斯岛，我和 一些朋友去那里度假。go for a holiday 为固定结构，表示“去度假”。故填 a。 【43 题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：我们觉得在如此努力学习之后，我们应该有机会晒晒太阳，放 松一下。chance to do sth.为固定搭配结构，表示“做某事的机会”。故填 to relax。 【44 题详解】 考查副词。句意：事实上，我比以前更努力地工作了。设空处作状语，修饰动词 worked。故填 actually。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我没有在海滩上晒日光浴，也没有在海里游泳，而是帮助当地 人应对源源不断的难民，他们中的许多人在船翻后挣扎着去海滩。end up doing sth.为固定结 构，意为“最终做某事”。故填 helping。 【46 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我没有在海滩上晒日光浴，也没有在海里游泳，而是帮助当地人 应对源源不断的难民，他们中的许多人在船翻后挣扎着去海滩。“many of+设空处”引导非限 制性定语从句，修饰先行词 refugees，指人，先行词 refugees 在从句中作 of 的宾语，应使 用关系代词 whom 引导。故填 whom。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：不管怎样，这个节日是我一生中最难忘的节日之一，如果没有所有 错误的理由的话。分析可知，the most _________设空处应为形容词最高级形式，所给词 forget 动词，意为“忘记”，其形容词为 forgettable(易被忘记的);unforgettable(难忘的），结合句意和 语境可知，设空处需填形容词 unforgettable。故填 unforgettable。 【48 题详解】 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：这些天，当我独自一人的时候，我常常被那些找不 到孩子的父母的面孔和人们的呼救声所困扰。由 “Often, when I’m alone these days”可知，此 处需用一般现在时，又因 I 与 disturb 之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故 填 am disturbed。 【49 题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些天，当我独自一人的时候，我常常被那些找不到孩子的父母的面 孔和人们的呼救声所困扰。分析句意可知，所填空应为介词。scream for help 表示“大声喊救 命”，符合句意。故填 for。 【50 题详解】 考查连接词。句意：莱斯沃斯人民为帮助这些人所做的一切，为他们开放家园，分享他 们自己拥有的少量财产，绝对令人惊叹。分析可知，“_______ the people of Lesvos did to help these people”为主语从句，设空处作主语从句中的宾语，又表物，应使用 what 引导。故填 What。 【点睛】语法填空题技巧—形容词位置好判断 形容词在语法填空题中多考查作定语和作表语的情况。即，位置考查较为固定： 1）形容词作定语：a/an+adj.+名词 2）形容词作表语: 系动词+adj. 3）one of the+形容词最高级 在判断为形容词之后，还需要注意根据语境和语意判断是否需要级别或词义的转化。 比如文章第 7 题： Anyway, this holiday turned out to be one of the most ________ (forget) of my life, but for all the wrong reasons. 此处判断为方法 3）one of the+形容词最高级，因此要将所给单词转化为形容词： forgettable（健忘的）和 unforgettable（难忘的），结合语境可知，此次经历是最难忘的经历 之一。因此填写答案 unforgettable。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Keeping a good habit are very important’ but I’m a little lazy and find that hard to keep a good habit. Last Sunday, I went to play football with some friends as the usual. It was already ten o’clock when I get home. I was so tired that I went straight to bed instead taking a bath first. The next morning, we went to take a bath and then went to school. However, it was very cold that morning and I didn’t dry my hairs, I got a bad cold and felt terribly the whole day and I started to regret how I had done. If I had taken a bath the moment I arrived home, I wouldn’t have got a cold. See, a good habit is true important. 【答案】1.are→is 2.that→it 3.去掉 the 4.get→got 5.instead 之后加 of 6.we→I 7.hairs→hair 8.terribly→terrible 9.how→what 10.true→truly 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的亲身经历讲述了保持好习惯的重要性。 【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：保持一个好习惯很重要，但是我有点懒，很难保持一 个好习惯。分析可知，句子主语为“keeping a good habit”，动名词作主语，相当于第三人称 单数，谓语应用单数形式。故将 are 改为 is。 2.考查代词。句意：保持一个好习惯很重要，但是我有点懒，很难保持一个好习惯。分 析可知，“to keep a good habit”应为 find 真正宾语，在 find 构成的 find it+adj.+to do 结构中， 动词不定式作宾语，用 it 作形式宾语。故将 that 改为 it。 3.考查冠词。句意：上周日，我像往常一样和一些朋友去踢足球。分析可知，as usual， 固定结构，意为“像往常一样”，中间无需冠词。故将 the 去掉。 4.考查时态。句意：我到家时已经十点钟了。分析可知，讲述的事情发生在上周日（last Sunday），时态应是一般过去时。故将 get 改为 got。 5.考查介词。句意：我太累了，所以没有先洗澡，直接上床睡觉了。分析可知，instead of 固定结构，意为“代替；而不是”，之后接动名词作宾语。故在 instead 之后加 of。 6.考查人称代词。句意：第二天早上，我去洗澡，然后去上学。分析可知，此处的主语 应为作者本人，第一人称单数。故将 we 改为 I。 7.考查名词。句意：然而，那天早上很冷，我没有吹干我的头发，我得了重感冒，感觉 糟糕了一整天，我开始后悔我所做的。分析可知，hair 做“头发”这个整体概念的时候，为不 可数名词；强调几根头发的时候，是可数名词。此处为整体概念。故将 hairs 改为 hair。 8.考查形容词。句意：然而，那天早上很冷，我没有吹干我的头发，我得了重感冒，感 觉糟糕了一整天，我开始后悔我所做的。分析可知，felt 的原形为 feel, 是感官系动词，之 后接形容词作表语。故将 terribly 改为 terrible。 9.考查宾语从句。句意：然而，那天早上很冷，我没有吹干我的头发，我得了重感冒， 感觉糟糕了一整天，我开始后悔我所做的。分析可知，regret 之后接的 how I had done 句子 为宾语从句，从句中动词 do 缺少宾语, 因此需用 what 引导。故将 how 改为 what。 10.考查副词。句意：你看，一个好习惯真的很重要。分析可知，应用副词修饰形容词 important。故将 true 改为 truly。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，作为校英文报的记者，你打算与外教 Terry 预约一次采访。请你给他 写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 采访时间：周五下午三点整； 2. 采访地点：外教办公室； 3. 采访内容：如何提高英语阅读能力。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Terry, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Terry, I’m Li Hua, a reporter from our school English newspaper. I’m writing to ask whether you can meet me for an interview at three this Friday afternoon in your office. Improving reading ability is very important to us students. Some of us have great trouble reading English materials, especially famous original works. You know a good part of our exam consists of reading and this is where we easily lose marks. We need some advice on how to improve our reading ability. I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time and give us some advice. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，提出对外教 Terry 的采访请求及采访 相关情况的告知。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：三段式结构。第一段写信目的—提出采访请求。第二段介绍采访内容。第三段寒 暄结束。 要求：1. 提出采访请求（an interview at three this Friday afternoon in your office） 2. 介绍采访内容 1）英语阅读能力的重要性。（important） 2）为什么提高英语阅读能力。（have trouble；exam ） 3) 提出建议请求（give some advice） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） meet sb. for an interview; have trouble (in) doing; consist of; advice on how to do sth.; spare some time; give sb. advice; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m writing to ask whether you can meet me for an interview at three this Friday afternoon in your office. 2. Some of us have great trouble reading English materials, especially famous original works. 3. You know a good part of our exam consists of reading and this is where we easily lose marks. 4. We need some advice on how to improve our reading ability. 5. I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time and give us some advice. 6. Looking forward to your early reply. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯， 符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如： 1) I’m writing to ask whether you can meet me for an interview at three this Friday afternoon in your office. 这 句 话 运 用 了 whether 引 导 的 宾 语 从 句 ： whether you can meet me for an interview at three this Friday afternoon in your office。 2) You know a good part of our exam consists of reading and this is where we easily lose marks.这句话使用了 where 引导的表语从句：where we easily lose marks. 3) I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time and give us some advice.这句话使用了 it 作 形式宾语，if 引导宾语从句：if you could spare some time and give us some advice. 使用了一些固定词组，如 meet sb. for an interview; have trouble (in) doing; consist of; advice on how to do sth.; spare some time; give sb. advice; look forward to 等。 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、 层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。