专题09动词短语-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

专题09动词短语-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

专题 09 动词短语 关键词：动词短语辨析,动词搭配 难度系数：✱✱✱✱ 推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱‎ ‎【基础回顾】‎ 考点归纳：‎ 考查动词短语辨析。主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，出现频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外,更注重动词短语的新义和引申意，如:polish抛光， 磨光（本意）→修正，文饰（引申）；sniff嗅，闻（本意）→鄙视地说，嗤之以鼻（引申）；stir移动，搅拌（本意）→煽动（引申）； break down发生故障，失灵，失效（本意）→坍塌；崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止（引申），同时还有“恸哭”之意； look into向里面看（本意）→调查；研究（引申），同时还有“浏览”之意；再如：work out的基本词义为“解决；算出；制定出”，较生词义为“锻炼”。]‎ 基础必读：‎ 动词短语的固定的搭配 动词短语的辨析是动词考查的重中之重，甚至有些形式上单个动词的辨析也是考查所构成短语的辨析。总的来说，动词短语的辨析可分为三种：一是以动词为主体词的辨析；二是以副词或介词为主体词的辨析；三是无关联的动词短语的辨析。‎ 近三年常见的动词短语有：‎ break：break away from脱离；break down坏掉；分解；垮下来；谈判(破裂)；break out爆发；break in打断；闯入；break into闯入；break through突破；break up打碎；分解；分手 ‎ bring：bring about引起，导致；bring down使降低，使下降；bring in引进；赚进；bring up抚养；养育；呕吐；bring out取出；出版；生产；阐明 ‎ come：come along跟随；come out 出现；出版；结果是；come about发生；come across偶遇；come to共计；come up出现；被提出；come up with提出 ‎ cut：cut in插嘴；cut off切断；cut up切碎；cut down砍倒，削减 ‎ get：get away外出度假；get in收割；get into进入；养成；get through完成；通过；解决；接通电话；get over克服；get across被理解；使通过；get off下车/船/马/飞机等；get down to着手作；get up起床；起身 ‎ go：go against违背；go over预习；复习； go out外出；熄灭；go without没有……也行；没有……也可以勉强对付 ‎ look：look through 浏览；透过……看；look into调查；look up向上看；查找；look up to尊敬；敬仰；look round/around环顾 ]‎ make：make out辨认出；make up组成；编造；make up with弥补；make the best of充分利用 ‎ put：put in放进，写进；put away收起；储存；put out扑灭；出版；生产；put down写下；镇压；put off 推迟；put on穿上；上演；put up张贴；举起；建造；put forward提出 ]‎ set：set aside拨出；置于一旁；set up建立；竖立；set out着手；出发；set about着手；set off出发；引爆 take：take up开始从事；占据；拿起；take apart拆卸；take in欺骗；吸收；take off起飞；腾飞；脱掉；take on呈现；雇用take over接管 turn：turn out 结果证明；turn to求助于；转向；turn in上交；turn down拒绝；把音量开小；turn on打开；turn off关掉；turn up出现；把音量开高；turn over翻开 out：wear out穿烂；用坏；work out解出；进展顺利；let out放出；发出；泄露；leave out遗漏；figure out弄清；burst out爆发；rule out排除；point out 指出；carry out贯彻 up：build up增强；keep up保持；鼓起；speed up加速；pick up拾起；收听/看；用车接送/装运；无意学会；send up发射；use up用完；hang up挂断；end up结束；split up分裂；分手；stay up熬夜 off：pay off还清；回报；show off炫耀；give off放出]‎ 另外考查到的动词短语还有：see to处理；解决；fight for为……而战；agree with同意；适合；do without 没有……也勉强对付；fit in适合；live up to达到；不辜负；run away from逃走；避开]]‎ ‎【技能方法】‎ 解题建议：‎ 一、必须从各个动词短语的语意差别、用法特点等方面入手，然后通过题干关键词来把握语境，选择符合句意的动词。‎ 二、对于动词的熟词生义用法，要进行专门积累，并强化复习和运用。‎ 三、对于动词短语，尤其是高频的动词短语一定要概括与总结，并通过练习进行强化。]‎ ‎【基础达标】‎ ‎1．The total darkness made it impossible to make________ what the notice said.‎ ‎【答案】out　‎ ‎2．Jenny is quite good at taking notes. She can set________ almost every word her teachers say in class.‎ ‎【答案】down　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。set down记下，写下。句意：珍妮非常擅长记笔记，她几乎能记下课堂上老师说的每个单词。‎ ‎3．Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she makes________ for it with hard work. ‎ ‎【答案】up　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。make up for意为“弥补”。句意：卡罗琳没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。]‎ ‎4．We needn't have cooked so much food for the party. Quite a few guests didn't turn ________ for various reasons.‎ ‎【答案】up　]‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。turn up出现，露面。句意：我们本不必为聚会准备那么多食物的，(因为)有一些客人因为种种原因没有来。‎ ‎5．Among all the applicants for the position, my cousin Lily stands ________ for her pleasing personality and strength of character.‎ ‎【答案】out　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。stand out 突出，引人注目。句意：在申请这一职位的所有求职者中，我表妹莉莉因为她讨人喜欢的个性和人格力量脱颖而出。‎ ‎【能力提升】]‎ ‎1．Mr Brown's condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will pull ________．‎ ‎【答案】through　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。pull through“康复，痊愈”，与语境Mr Brown's condition looks very serious呼应。‎ ‎2．It was unfortunate that their new car broke ________ halfway to the airport.‎ ‎【答案】down ‎【解析】考查动词短语。与语境“It was unfortunate…”呼应可知，新汽车在去机场的半路上抛锚了。break down意为“抛锚”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．The lack of health facilities and necessary protection for medical workers partly accounted ________ the epidemic (蔓延) of Ebola.‎ ‎【答案】for　]‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的因果关系，与动词词组account for“是……的原因”呼应。‎ ‎4．May Day is an international holiday set________to remember the workers who fought for the 8hour workday.]‎ ‎【答案】aside　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。set aside意为“留出”，与语境an international holiday呼应。‎ ‎10．After that, he knew he could get ________ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.‎ ‎【答案】through　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。与语境emergency呼应，并结合动词短语get through意为“通过，完成，处理”可知，此处through符合语境。]‎ ‎【终极闯关】‎ ‎1．Don't let ________ the people who expect you too much. Just cheer up and move on.‎ ‎【答案】down　‎ ‎2．—Guess what? I've got a job in an international bank.]‎ ‎—Good news! This sort of work ________ for skill and speed, though. ‎ ‎【答案】calls　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。call for意为“要求”，与语境skill and speed呼应。‎ ‎3．He was two hours late for such a short trip. I wonder how it came ________！‎ ‎【答案】about　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。come about＝happen意为“发生”，与语境I wonder how呼应。‎ ‎4．—What should I do with my paper, Mr Jason?]‎ ‎—Well, what I have said about Peter's goes ________ yours.‎ ‎【答案】for　考查动词短语。go for意为“适合于”。‎ ‎5．Don't forget to return your room key to the front desk when you check________ of the hotel.‎ ‎【答案】out　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。check out意为“结账离开”，与语境“Don't forget to return your room key to the front desk…”呼应。‎