【讲练测】高考英语一轮复习UnitFirstaid(讲)(含解析)新人教版必修-精

【讲练测】高考英语一轮复习UnitFirstaid(讲)(含解析)新人教版必修-精

Unit 5 First aid ‎ 单元知识预览 ‎ 项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）‎ 重点单词 ‎1．aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助 2．temporary adj.暂时的；临时的 3．injury n．损伤；伤害→injure v．受伤 4．bleed vi. & vt.流血→bled(过去式)→bled(过去分词)‎ ‎5．choke vi. & vt.‎(使)噎住；(使)窒息 6．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 7．variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．变化 8．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地 9．swell vi. & vt.‎(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的 10．squeeze vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨 11．symptom n．症状；征兆 ‎12．pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌 13．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地 14．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 15．treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待；待遇 16．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请(书) 17．pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)‎ 重点短语 ‎1．first aid　急救 2．fall ill 生病 3．prevent...from... 阻止…… 4．get burned 烧伤 5．electric shock 触电；电休克 6．squeeze out 榨出；挤出 ‎7．over and over again 反复；多次 8．in place 在适当的位置；适当 9．a number of 若干；许多 10．put one’s hands on 找到 11．make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 经典句型 ‎（高考书面表达必备）‎ ‎1．If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的话，把它们抬得高于心脏。 2．John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ ‎3．It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. 正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。 4．There is no doubt_that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。‎ 必备语法（高级句型）‎ 非谓语动词 晨读范文背诵 背诵这篇范文 假设你是李华，你新买的某外国品牌iPhone 5出了故障，现你写信到其公司反映问题。‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎1．购买日期：上个月；‎ ‎2．故障：一周前屏幕(screen)坏了，看不见显示内容；‎ ‎3．已向当地销售商家投诉，但其不能解决；‎ ‎4．要求：更换一台新的，如不行则要求退货，拿回货款。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。‎ Dear_Sir_or_Madam，‎ Thanks_for_your_attention._I'm_writing_to_complain_about_your_product.‎ Last month，I bought an iPhone 5 made by your company，which brought me enjoyment for some time. But last week，something went wrong with the screen and I can't see anything on it. I have complained about this to the shop which sold me this iPhone 5，but they/it couldn't do anything about it. Having no choice，I turn to you for help. I hope you can get me a new one or return my money to me.‎ I_am_looking_forward_to_your_early_reply.‎ Li_Hua 语言知识精析 重点单词精讲 考点1．aid　n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助 ‎【教材原句】First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种暂时的帮助。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）He aided me in business.‎ 他在生意上帮助我。‎ ‎（2）He was too busy to come to my aid.‎ 他太忙了，不能来帮我。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ with the aid of...在……的帮助下 in aid of sth./sb.以支援或帮助某物/某人 be a great aid to sb.对某人有极大的帮助 come to one's aid来帮助某人 first aid急救 aid sb.in sth./doing sth.在某方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth.以某事物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎（1）He should be able to read this without ________________ a ‎ dictionary．他不用词典应该能读懂这个。‎ ‎（2）He came to ______________ when I was in difficulty. 我有困难时，他来帮助我。‎ ‎（3）My professor __________continue my study.我的教授帮助我继续做研究。‎ ‎【答案】（1）the aid of　（2）my aid（3）aided me to 考点2．injury　n．伤害；损害 ‎【教材原句】Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.‎ 通常情况下这些患者的伤病都不太严重，但有些时候，给予紧急援助会挽救人的生命。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) Two players were out of the game because of injury.‎ 两名队员因伤退出了比赛。‎ ‎(2) Your words do an injury to the little girl.‎ 你的言语伤害了这个小女孩。我仅在一周之内就读完了那本书。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ injure vt.　损害；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的 escape injury 幸免受伤 do an injury to sb 伤害某人 ‎【易混辨析】‎ injure，wound，hurt与damage ‎(1)injure “损害，伤害”，多指身体上因意外受到的伤害，也可指感情上的伤害。如：‎ She was badly injured in the accident.‎ 她在事故中受了重伤。‎ ‎(2)wound “受伤，伤害”，多指战斗中对身体造成的刀伤或枪伤，也可指“伤口”。如：‎ He died after receiving two bullet wounds in the head. ‎ 他因头部中了两颗子弹而死。‎ ‎(3)hurt “伤害，受伤”，多用于有生命的东西，常指肉体上的伤害，也可以比喻精神或感情方面的伤害。作不及物动词时表示“疼痛”。如：‎ I hope we haven't offended him; he sounded rather hurt on the phone. ‎ 但愿我们没有得罪他， 他在电话里听起来像是受了委屈。‎ ‎(4)damage“损坏”，指物的损失或价值的损失，也可指感情的伤害。如：‎ The flood did a lot of damage to the crops.‎ 洪水严重地毁坏了农作物。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) After the big earthquake，__________ had no access to the medical rescue immediately.‎ 大地震后，伤员不能立即获得医疗上的救援。‎ ‎(2) He didn't mean to _______ her feelings.我没打算伤害你的感情。‎ ‎(3) In that accident, three were killed and four got ________________．在这次意外事故中，3人丧生，4人受伤。‎ ‎(4) The heavy rain __________ many houses.大雨毁坏了许多房屋。‎ ‎【答案】(1) the injured 　(2) hurt (3) injured　(4) damaged ‎ 考点3．bleed (bled，bled)　vi.& vt.流血 ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) My nose began to bleed.‎ 我的鼻子开始流血。‎ ‎(2) All the young soldiers are ready to bleed for the country.‎ 所有的年轻战士都愿意为祖国洒热血。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ blood n．血，血液； 血统 bloody adj. 血腥的，残忍的；流血的 bleed to death 流血致死 bleed for sth 为……而流血；为……而悲痛 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) She was almost after she gave birth to a child. 生完孩子后，她几乎因流血不止而死去。‎ ‎(2) The cut on my arm _________for a long time.‎ 我胳膊上的伤口流了好长时间的血。‎ ‎（3）You____________ at the nose.(＝Your nose is bleeding.)你在流鼻血。‎ ‎【答案】（1）bleeding to death（2）bled（3）are bleeding 考点4．variety　n. 变化，多样(化)，多变(性)；(同一事物的)不同种类，多种多样 ‎【教材原句】You can get burned by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation(by being close to high heat or fire，etc.)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.‎ 你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电和化学物品。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) There are a variety of flowers in the garden.‎ 花园里有各种各样的花。 (2) She made the children glad in a variety of ways.‎ 她用各种各样的方法使孩子们高兴。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ a variety of＝varieties of ＝various adj.各种各样的；不同种类的 vary v．变化多；变化；使多样化 vary from...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动 vary with...随……而变动 ‎【温馨提示】‎ ‎ “a variety of＋复数名词”用作主语，谓语要用复数；“the variety of＋复数名词”用作主语，谓语要用单数。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Beijing is filled with people from __________of China. 北京遍布来自全国各地的人。‎ ‎(2) Opinions on this matter________.‎ 在这个问题上，(人们的)意见不一致。‎ ‎(3) ________is the spice of life.‎ ‎[谚]变化是生活的调味品。‎ ‎【答案】 (1) various parts　(2) vary (3) Variety 考点5．swell vi.&vt.‎(swelled，swollen)(使)膨胀；隆起；(使)增加 ‎【教材原句】...dry，red and mildly swollen干燥、发红、微肿 ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.‎ 她的胳膊上被蜜蜂蜇了的地方开始肿了起来。‎ ‎(2) The sails swelled (out) in the wind.‎ 船帆鼓满了风。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ swell up 膨胀，肿胀 swell out鼓起，凸出 swell with...(心中)充满……‎ swollen adj.肿胀的 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Her heart ________happiness. 她心中充满了幸福。‎ ‎(2) Last year's profits ____________a fall in production costs.‎ 去年因生产成本下降而使利润有所增加。‎ ‎【答案】 (1) swelled with　(2) were swollen by 考点6．electric adj.电的；导电的；电动的 ‎【教材原句】Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes ，or severe petrol fires.例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的严重烧伤。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) This heavy truck is driven by two electric motors.‎ 这辆重型卡车是由两台电动机驱动的。 (2)I want to buy an electric cooker.我想买一个电炉。‎ ‎【易混易错】‎ electric/electrical electric 用电的，指“用电操作的或生电的”。‎ electrical 表示与电有关的人或事物，指“电的，电气的”。‎ electric fan 电风扇 electric current电流 electrical engineer电机工程师 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Please connect the two wires.请把两个电线接起来。 (2) All the work was done by my younger brother.所有的电工活都是我弟弟做的。‎ ‎【答案】(1) electric (2) electrical 考点7．squeeze vt.‎& vi.榨；挤；压榨 ‎【教材原句】For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.‎ 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) There's room for one more, but it'll be a squeeze.‎ 这里还能容下一个人，但是会挤一点儿。‎ ‎(2) He squeezed an orange to get the juice out.‎ 他挤压橘子以便榨出橘汁。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ squeeze out榨出；挤出 squeeze from从……榨取 squeeze out of从……中挤出/榨出 squeeze through挤着通过 squeeze sth.into...将某物挤成某形状 squeeze one's way推开别人通过；挤过 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Tom took off his wet clothes and _________the water out.汤姆脱下了湿衣服，拧出了水。 (2) The dog ____________the small hole in the wall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。 (3) He was so fat that he could not _________________________．他太胖了不能挤进公共汽车。 【答案】(1) squeezed (2) squeezed through (3) squeeze into the bus 考点8．vital　adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎【教材原句】If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) To be able to cope with change is vital for survival.‎ 能够应对变化对生存极为重要。 ‎ ‎(2) Richard played a vital role in the team's success.‎ 理查德对团队的成功起了至关重要的作用。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ be of vital importance至关重要的 be vital to...对……很重要 It is vital to do sth.做……是很重要的 It is vital that...……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即should do，should可以省略)‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Skilful employees __________the success of any company.‎ 技术好的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。‎ ‎(2) ____________that school teach students to use computer technology.‎ 学校应该教会学生使用计算机技术，这是至关重要的。‎ ‎(3) _________ to master at least a foreign language at college. 在大学掌握至少一门外语是非常重要的。‎ ‎【答案】(1) are vital to 　(2) It is vital (3) It is vital ‎ 考点9．pour vt.‎& vi.倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨 ‎【教材原句】Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.‎ 山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) The river pours into the sea.‎ 这条河奔流入海。‎ ‎(2) The crowd poured out of the concert hall.‎ 人群从音乐厅涌出来。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ pour in/into涌进 pour out of从……中涌出来 pour down(雨)倾盆而降 pour out倾诉 pour cold water on给……泼冷水，使扫兴 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Some students often ___________their trouble to their teachers.有些学生经常向老师倾诉他们的烦恼。‎ ‎(2) Some people cold water on others' plan.‎ 有些人总是爱给别人的计划泼冷水。‎ ‎【答案】(1) pour out　(2) are always pouring ‎ 考点10．treat　vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待，招待 ‎【教材原句】John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands.约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎(2) This young couple treat their neighbours very well.‎ 这对年轻夫妇对他们的邻居很好。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ treat sb badly/well　　虐/善待某人 treat sb as 把某人看作 treat sb to (to用作介词)…‎ ‎ 用……招待/款待某人 ‎(It's) My treat. 我请客。‎ ‎【易混辨析】treat/cure/heal treat ‎“治疗”。含义最广，指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治疗病人或治病，强调治疗过程，treat sb.for sth.医治某人……病。‎ cure ‎“治愈；治疗”。多指病后恢复健康，其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也可接sb.of再加表示疾病的名词。另外，还可作“矫正，纠正”解，借喻，指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等。‎ heal ‎“(伤口或断骨)愈合；复原”，多指创伤，外伤， 也可指矛盾，分歧。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) She __________one of her family members. ‎ 她把我当成了家人来看待。‎ ‎(2) Let's go out for dinner—__________this time.‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧——这次我请客。‎ ‎(3) Cancer is hard___________. 癌症很难治疗。‎ ‎【答案】(1) treats me as (2) my treat (3) to treat ‎ 考点11．apply　vt. 涂，敷，搽；应用，运用；(后常接oneself)使致力(于)；(后接不定式)使专心从事 vi.申请，请求；使用；有效 ‎【例句研读】He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.‎ 护士把药膏敷到伤口上。‎ ‎(2) We should apply both theories to the language teaching.‎ 我们应把两种理论都运用到语言教学中去。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ application n．请求，申请，申请书；应用，运用 applicant n. 申请人 apply sth to sth 将某物应用于某物 apply oneself to 专心致志于，致力于 apply to sb for sth 向某人申请某物 apply to do sth 申请做某事 be applied to 适用于， 应用于， 施加于 apply for 申请， 请求 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) You will pass the exam if you __________________ your work. 如果你专心致志，就会通过考试。‎ ‎(2) The boy ________ to both surfaces.小男孩把两面都涂上了胶水。‎ ‎(3) He ____________ the job.他申请获得这份工作。‎ ‎【答案】(1) apply yourself to (2) applied the glue (3) applied for ‎ 重点短语精讲 考点1．over and over again反复；多次 ‎【教材原句】For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）He read the poem over and over again till he could recite it.‎ 他一遍又一遍地朗读那首诗，直到他会背诵为止。‎ ‎（2）I have pointed it out to you over and over again.‎ 我已经一遍又一遍地给你指出了它。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎(all) over again　　　　　再次，重新 over and over 一再地，反复地 again and again 反复地，再三 once again 再次，又一次 time and again 多次，一再地 time after time 多次，不断地 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎（1）He broke his word _____________．他又一次违背了他的诺言。‎ ‎（2）If he isn't sure about something，he will ask the same question until he is sure about it. 如果他对某事没把握，他会反复地问同一个问题直到有把握为止。‎ ‎（3）Children are forgetful and must be told ________how to behave.孩子们没有记性，必须反复告诉他们如何表现自己的举止。‎ ‎【答案】　（1）once again　（2）over and over again　（3）time and (time)again 考点2．in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎【教材原句】Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）The librarian put the returned books in place.‎ 图书管理员把归还的图书放到原处。‎ ‎（2）The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.‎ 下周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ out of place　　　在错误的位置；在不适当的位置 ‎ in place of 代替 ‎ give place to 让位于 take place 进行，发生 take the place of 代替 in one's place 处于某人的境况；代替 take one's place　　　 就座；代替 in the first place 起初，首先，第一 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎（1）She has a habit of having everything__________.她有把每件东西都放在适当的位置的习惯。‎ ‎（2）These clothes are___________.Please put them away，Lucy.这些衣服摆乱了。露西，请把它们放好。‎ ‎（3）Do you think the Internet can __________of newspapers？你认为因特网能代替报纸吗？‎ ‎【答案】（1）in place　（2）out of place　（3）take the place 考点3．a number of　许多，若干 ‎【教材原句】He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages，but when nobody could put their hands on any，his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.他立即问旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) A number of people have left. ‎ 许多人已经离开了。‎ ‎(2) Quite a number of world－famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.‎ 许多世界名画在本次展览会上展出。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ a large/great number of　　许多的，大量的 a small number of 少量的 a great/good many(后接可数名词复数) 许多的，大量的 a lot of/plenty of(后接可数名词复数或不可数名词) 许多的，大量的 ‎【易混辨析】‎ a number of与the number of ‎(1)a number of相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。number前可用large，small等修饰，以表示程度。‎ ‎(2)“the number of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，中心词是number，所以其后的谓语动词要用单数形式。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)________________ computers were bought in by the company.这家公司购进了大批量的电脑。‎ ‎(2) ______________the students of the school is increasing.这个学校的学生数量在增加。‎ ‎(3) ______________ sheep are eating grass on the hill.许多羊在山上吃草。‎ ‎【答案】 (1) A great number of (2) The number of (3) A number of 考点4. put one's hands on　找到，得到 ‎【教材原句】He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages，but when nobody could put their hands on any，his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.他立即问旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) I'll bring some tapes if I can put my hands on them.‎ 如果能找到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。‎ ‎(2) Have you put your hands on any help from her?‎ 你从她那里得到帮助了吗？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ get one's hands on弄到；抓到 by hand亲自；手工 at hand在手边；即将来临 in hand在手中；有关系 hand in hand手拉手；密切关联 on one hand...on the other hand一方面……另一方面 hand down把……传递下来 hand in交上；递交 hand over移送；移交 hand out分发 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) Fifty years later，she finally __________on her missing families in the war.‎ 五十年之后，她最终找到了在战争中失散的家人。‎ ‎(2) Soon school will end and the summer vacation will be__________.学期快结束了，暑假即将到来。‎ ‎(3) We shall _________these written statements to the reporters.我们将把这些书面声明发给记者。‎ ‎【答案】(1) put her hands　(2) at hand (3) hand out 考点5．make a difference　有影响，区别对待，起(重要)作用 ‎【教材原句】It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这表明急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) The sea air has made a difference to her health.‎ 海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。‎ ‎(2) Flowers make no difference to this room.‎ 这房间有没有花没什么区别。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ make a noise　　　　　　喧闹 make a living 谋生 make money 挣钱 make a fortune 发财 make no difference 没有关系，没有区别 make no/some difference(to/in sb./sth.)没有/有些作用/关系/影响 make all the difference(to sb./sth.)关系重大；大不相同 tell the difference between A and B辨别A和B的差异 make a difference between区别对待 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) I can __________in the world!‎ 世界因我而不同！‎ ‎(2) It ______________to me whether you come here or not.‎ 对我来说，你来不来都无所谓。‎ ‎(3) It's easy to _________between butter and margarine.区别黄油和人造黄油是很容易的。‎ ‎【答案】(1) make a difference　(2) makes no difference/doesn't make any difference (3) tell the difference 经典句型剖析 考点1状语从句的省略 ‎【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ ‎【句法分析】‎ 在表示时间、条件、地点、比较、方式或让步的状语从句中，如果谓语动词是be，从句的主语和主句的主语一致或主语是it时，从句常省略主语和be动词。如：‎ if possible　如有可能 if necessary　必要时， 如果必要的话 if any　若有的话 if ever　如果有过的话， 如果发生过的话 if anything　如果有什么的话 if not 　不然的话， 要不是， 如果不 Remove clothing using scissors if (it is) necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服粘在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) If necessary，you can ask him for help.‎ 如果有必要的话，你可以向他求助。‎ ‎(2) David seldom asks his father，if ever，for help when in trouble.‎ 当遇到麻烦时，(如果曾经有)戴维也很少求助于父亲。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. ________________， we'd better take it to the garage immediately.听上去汽车的发动机好像坏了。如果真的是这样的话，我们最好立刻把它送到修理厂。‎ ‎(2) _________ should happen to him, that would be too bad.如果有什么意外的事降临到他的头上，那可就糟了。‎ ‎(3) They were ready to die, ________________， for their country.必要时，他们愿为国捐躯。‎ ‎【答案】 (1) If so (2) If anything unexpected (3) if necessary ‎ 考点2 “be doing...when...”句型 ‎【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在屋里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。‎ ‎【句法分析】‎ 句中使用了“be doing...when...”句式，意为“正在/正要做某事，这/那时(突然)……”，其中when作并列连词相当于and then，and at that time，连接两个并列分句，其前面分句的谓语动词常用过去进行时，而后面分句的谓语动词多用一般过去时。‎ 相关的结构还有：‎ 主语+be about to do...when...即将做……这时(突然)……‎ 主语+be doing...when...正要/正在做……这时(突然)……‎ 主语+be just going to do...when...正要做……这时(突然)……‎ 主语+be on the point of doing...when...正要去做……这时(突然)……‎ 主语+had done...when...刚刚做完……这时(突然)……‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) They were having classes when the earthquake happened.他们正在上课，那时突然地震发生了。‎ ‎(2) Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door.莉莉正要学习，这时有人敲门。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) I was playing computer games _______electricity was cut off.昨晚我正在玩电脑游戏，这时停电了。‎ ‎(2 I was _______going/________ go out when the telephone rang.我正要出去，这时电话铃响了。‎ ‎(3) I my homework when my mother asked me to help her clean the house.我刚做完作业，妈妈就叫我帮她打扫房间。‎ ‎【答案】(1) when (2) on the point of;　 was about to (3) had just finished ‎ 考点3 There is no doubt that…　毫无疑问……‎ ‎【教材原句】There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ There is no doubt that…　毫无疑问……‎ There's some doubt whether...……值得怀疑 sb.have/has no doubt that...＝sb.don't/doesn't doubt that...某人相信……‎ sb.have/has some doubt whether...＝sb.doubt/doubts whether...某人怀疑……‎ out of/beyond doubt毫无疑问 without doubt无疑地 ‎【句法分析】‎ ‎(1)There is no doubt that…是一个固定句型，that引导的是同位语从句，no 也可以换成little。若把no换成some，则that要换成whether。如：‎ There is some doubt whether he can win.‎ 人们怀疑他是否能赢。‎ ‎(2)此外，后接名词或代词时要用介词about。There is no doubt about…意为“坚信……”；There is some doubt about…意为“……不太确定”。如：‎ Well, I have no doubt about it.‎ 噢，对此我坚信不疑。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）There is no doubt that nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.‎ 在我们国家，年轻人近视无疑是一个严重的问题。‎ ‎（2）There's some doubt whether the meeting will be held as planned.会议能不能按计划召开还值得怀疑。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎（1）There is _________that China is a growing powerhouse.‎ 毫无疑问中国是个日益强大的国家。‎ ‎（2）I ___________that he is honest.＝I________- he is honest.我相信他是诚实的。‎ ‎（3） no doubt that our educational system is unsatisfactory. 毫无疑问，我们的教育制度是不太令人满意的。‎ ‎【答案】（1）no doubt（2）have no doubt; don't doubt that（3）There is ‎ 考点4 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom…‎ ‎【教材原句】It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.正是约翰快捷的动作和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ ‎【句法分析】‎ ‎(1)强调句的一般疑问句：‎ Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom…？‎ ‎(2)强调句的特殊疑问句：‎ 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that…？‎ ‎(3)对not until时间状语从句的强调：‎ It is/was＋ not until…＋that…‎ It was Tom who/that I met last week.‎ 我上周见到的是汤姆。‎ Was it ten years ago that his father died?‎ 他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？‎ When is it that you will set off?‎ 你到底什么时候出发？‎ It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.‎ 直到昨天我才知道那条消息。‎ ‎【温馨提示】‎ ‎(1)强调句型的判断方法：将It is/was和that/who同时去掉，看剩下的部分句式是否仍然完整。若完整，则是强调句型；若不完整，则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句。‎ ‎(2)强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时，应注意其形式仍用主格或宾格形式。‎ ‎(3)强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）It was hard work rather than luck that determined his success.是勤奋而非运气决定了他的成功。‎ ‎（2）It was when my mom came back home that I went to sleep.等妈妈回到家时，我才睡觉的。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎（1）I wonder if ______________ I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道是否因为我这么长时间没能够到户外去，以至于我对大自然中的一切变得这么狂热。‎ ‎（2）__________________ Hawking does not like about his speech computer?霍金对他的语音电脑不满意的地方是什么呢？‎ ‎（3）It was____________ that I knew it.直到昨天我才知道此事。‎ ‎【答案】（1）it's because（2）What is it that（3）not until yesterday