2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州市第一中学高一5月月考英语试卷（解析版）

2018-2019学年甘肃省兰州市第一中学高一5月月考英语试卷（解析版）

兰州一中2018-2019-2学期高一年级5月月考 英语试题 第I卷 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共10 小题；每小题2分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ A Mother Teresa (August 26, 1910-September 5, 1997) was a great woman, who did a lot to improve the social condition of mankind. Due to her contribution in serving the society, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize aged 69.‎ She was brought up in a Catholic family. When she was only seven, she lost her father. Even as a young child, she was interested in the life of missionaries (传教士). At the age of 18, she decided that she would become a nun. She left her home and went to join the Sisters of Loreto. It was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind.‎ On the 7th of October in the year 1950, Mother Teresa received Vatican permission to start the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, the mission of which would be to take care of the needy, the homeless, and people who were shunned by the society. Then it had a number of branches all over the country. The journey of Mother Teresa’s Missionaries of Charity started with the setting up of homes for "the Dying".‎ In the year 1983, Mother Teresa suffered from a serious heart attack, while she was in Rome. However, she recovered. But, later in 1989, she again got an attack. Her health went worse and in the year 1991, she suffered from pneumonia. Taking her health problems into consideration, Mother Teresa decided to resign (辞职) from the post of head of the order.‎ A secret vote was conducted in which all the nuns voted for the stay of Mother Teresa except herself. So, she agreed to continue serving as head of the Missionaries of Charity. Day by day her health was getting worse. On September 5, 1997, exactly nine days after her 87th birthday, this great soul departed for heaven.‎ ‎1. Why did Mother Teresa devote her life to the religious life?‎ A. Because her parents had a deep influence on her.‎ B. Because she wanted to provide services for others.‎ C. Because she thought the life of missionaries simple.‎ D. Because she came to know the Sisters of Loreto.‎ ‎2. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word "shunned" ?‎ A. Cared. B. Concerned.‎ C. Ignored. D. Affected.‎ ‎3. Why did Mother Teresa decide to resign from her post?‎ A. She realized she couldn’t fully serve the people in need.‎ B. She was only worried about her health condition.‎ C. She wished to lead a more comfortable life.‎ D. She knew a heart attack would take her life away at any time.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍一位伟大的女性Mother Teresa 。Mother Teresa(‎1910年8月26日- ‎1997年9月5日)为改善人类社会状况做出了巨大的贡献。由于她对社会的贡献，69岁的她获得了诺贝尔和平奖。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句It was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind.“这是她为人类提供服务的第一步。”由此可知，Mother Teresa之所以献身于宗教生活是因为她想为别人提供服务。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中the mission of which would be to take care of the needy, the homeless, “它的使命是照顾穷人，无家可归的人，”再根据the needy, the homeless, and people who were shunned by the society.是并列关系，所以应该是“被社会忽视的人”，故划线部分的意思是“忽视”。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中Her health went worse and in the year 1991, she suffered from pneumonia. Taking her health problems into consideration, Mother Teresa decided to resign (辞职) from the post of head of the order.“她的健康每况愈下，1991年，她患了肺炎。考虑到她的健康问题，特蕾莎修女决定辞去教团团长的职务。”可知，Mother Teresa决定辞职是因为她意识到她不能完全为需要帮助的人服务。故选A。‎ B Genetic engineering, in its broadest definition, means to control a species so that a particular trait is increased in the population. A trait is how an organism (有机体) looks or acts or what it does. Having brown eyes is a trait. Flying in circles is a trait. Climbing trees is a trait.‎ The earliest forms of genetic engineering occurred on farms. People selected seeds from plants that had more ‎ fruit production or tastier leaves than other plants of their types. Then they chose to save the seeds from the best of that group to sow the next year. So, year by year, the farmers produced better and better crops. This type of activity probably has been going on since mankind first settled in villages and began making a life for themselves in one location, about 12,000 years ago!‎ The same sort of thing would have also happened with animals. For example, people chose to eat the animals that didn’t have favorable traits and let the animals with the favorable traits reproduce. It was thousands of years before mankind figured out how plants and animals reproduce themselves. With this knowledge, people could pollinate (授粉) plants by hand or keep a pair of animals together in order to deliberately cause an increase in a favorable trait.‎ It was only in the last 250 years that scientists began figuring out chromosomes (染色体) and genes and the role they play in the way one generation passes its traits on to the next. And it’s only been in the last 30 years that scientists have been able to cut out specific genes from one organism and put them in another. It is this 30- year-old technology that is described by the narrow definition of genetic engineering. Mankind has long been able to have a deliberate impact on the world around him. He now possesses the tools to deliberately impact himself. Some people are afraid of what might be done with that power.‎ ‎4. The text is mainly developed by ______.‎ A. asking questions B. examining differences C. making comparisons D. giving examples ‎5. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ______.‎ A. the spread of genetic engineering B. the advantage of genetic engineering C. the original application of genetic engineering D. the popularity of genetic engineering ‎6. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to ______.‎ A. specific genes B. special traits C. chromosomes D. scientists ‎7. What can we learn about genetic engineering from the last paragraph?‎ A. It has a history of 250 years by the narrow definition of genetic engineering.‎ B. Scientists don’t know how to make good use of it.‎ C. People have a misunderstanding of it in the past 30 years.‎ D. It is becoming a powerful tool of mankind.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一些例子来讲述基因工程，它正在成为人类的有力工具。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句The earliest forms of genetic engineering occurred on farms. People selected seeds from plants that had more fruit production or tastier leaves than other plants of their types.“最早的基因工程出现在农场。人们从那些比其他同类植物有更多水果产量或更美味叶子的植物中选择种子。”和第三段中The same sort of thing would have also happened with animals. For example, people chose to eat the animals that didn’t have favorable traits and let the animals with the favorable traits reproduce.“同样的事情也会发生在动物身上。例如，人们选择吃那些没有优良性状的动物，让具有优良性状的动物繁殖。”由此可知，本文主要是通过举例来展开的。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句The earliest forms of genetic engineering occurred on farms.“最早的基因工程出现在农场。”可知，第二段主要讨论基因工程的原始应用。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词义辨析题。根据最后一段中And it’s only been in the last 30 years that scientists have been able to cut out specific genes from one organism“直到最近30年，科学家们才能够从一种有机体中切割出特定的基因”和and put them in another.“把它们放在另一个里面。”由此推知，最后一段中的them指specific genes。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mankind has long been able to have a deliberate impact on the world around him. He now possesses the tools to deliberately impact himself. Some people are afraid of what might be done with that power.“人类长期以来一直能够对他周围的世界产生有意的影响。他现在拥有了故意影响自己的工具。有些人害怕用这种力量能做什么。”由此可知，关于基因工程，我们能从最后一段了解到“它正在成为人类的有力工具。”故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those 等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中And it’s only been in the last 30 years that scientists have been able to cut out specific genes from one organism“直到最近30年，科学家们才能够从一种有机体中切割出特定的基因”和and put them in another.“把它们放在另一个里面。”由此推知，最后一段中的them指specific genes。故选A。‎ C American high school students are terrible writers, and one education reform group thinks it has an answer: robots. Or, more accurately, robot-readers—computers programmed to scan students’ essays and spit out a grade.‎ Mark Shermis, professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron, is helping to hold a contest, set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (WFHF), which promises $ ‎100,000 in prize money to programmers who write the best automated grading software. “If you’re a high school teacher and you give a writing task, you’re walking home with 150 essays,” Shermis said. “You’re going to need some help.”‎ Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s, but computers back then were not up to the task. In the late 1990s, as technology improved, several textbooks and testing companies jumped into the field. Today, computers are used to grade essays on South Dakota’s student writing assessments and a handful of other exams, including the TOEFL test of English fluency, taken by foreign students.‎ The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as English teachers—only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink. “Automated essay scoring is objective,” Shermis said. “And it can be done immediately. If students finish an essay at 10 pm, they will get a result at 10: 01 pm.”‎ Take, for instance, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, a web-based tool marketed by Pearson Education, Inc. Within seconds, it can analyze an essay for spelling, grammar, organization, and help students to make revisions. The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic (语义的) patterns, and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader.‎ ‎8. The text is written to introduce ______.‎ A. education reform in America B. robot-readers C. Hewlett contest D. William and Flora Hewlett Foundation ‎9. From Paragraph 3, we know that in the 1960s ______.‎ A. Computers were not easy to get B. Automated grading software was popular C. Computers couldn’t grade essays automatically D. People refused automated essay grading ‎10. The Intelligent Essay Assessor can ______.‎ A. Rewrite essays B. Underline the mistakes in red ink C. Correct key words and patterns D. Understand the meaning of text ‎【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章是为了介绍一种电脑程序robot-readers，它可以被用来扫描学生论文并给出分数。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段American high school students are terrible writers, and one education reform group thinks it has an answer: robots. Or, more accurately, robot-readers—computers programmed to scan students’ essays and spit out a grade.“美国高中生是糟糕的写作者，一个教育改革组织认为它有一个答案:机器人。或者，更准确地说，机器人阅读者——经过编程后可以扫描学生论文并给出分数的计算机。”由此可知，文本是为了介绍robot-readers。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s, but computers back then were not up to the task.“论文自动评分在20世纪60年代首次提出，但当时的计算机无法胜任这项任务。”可知，从第三段我们知道，在20世纪60年代，计算机不能自动给文章打分。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic (语义的) patterns, and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader.“该程序扫描关键词并分析语义模式，Pearson声称它能像人类读者一样理解文本的意思。”可知，The Intelligent Essay Assessor能够理解文章的意思。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。本题第3小题，根据最后一段中The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic (语义的) patterns, and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the ‎ same as a human reader.“该程序扫描关键词并分析语义模式，Pearson声称它能像人类读者一样理解文本的意思。”可知，The Intelligent Essay Assessor能够理解文章的意思。故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Making Short Videos ‎“A picture is worth a thousand words or so”, they say. Well, motion (运动) pictures can contain even more memories. ___11___Here are some apps you can use to make your own short videos.‎ Qupeiyin.cn Reciting lines from movies is an effective and classic way to learn English. So what if you could dub(配音) recordings accompanied by movie clips(剪辑) and then share them with friends? ___12___You name it. By contributing your voice, you can either mimic(模仿) the original soundtrack or create something completely new of your own.‎ Shorts ‎___13___With the help of the Shorts app, you can make pictures in your album into a slide show. Choose from any of the off-the-shelf themes---“holiday”, “travel”, “friendship” and “party” for example—each matched with its own theme music and slide background. But if you’re not satisfied with the combinations, feel free to do a little change by adding text to the pictures or replacing the music with something in your own playlist.‎ Viva Video Video making and editing once seemed awfully hard.___14___But this app will ease you into the field with straight-forward functions and clear direction to help you “create your own video story”. Apart from filter, stickers and text, the coolest part of this app is that you can write the narratives yourself and add your own voice to the video.___15___Viva Video requires a relatively powerful phone to run smoothly.‎ A．But here is a little reminder.‎ B．This app has movies, cartoons, lectures, TV series.‎ C．These apps have a variety of identifications (识别).‎ D．That’s why short videos are becoming popular.‎ E. Videos and pictures aren’t only for separate purposes.‎ F. Newbies (网络新手) and amateurs didn’t dare to even give it a try.‎ G. Video making and editing is what Apple fans want to try.‎ ‎【答案】11. D 12. B ‎ ‎13. E 14. F ‎ ‎15. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何制作短视频。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 上文提示“他们说:“一张图片胜过千言万语。”嗯，电影可以包含更多的记忆。”承接上文，D项That’s why short videos are becoming popular.（这就是为什么短视频越来越受欢迎的原因。）切题。故选D。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 下文提示“你给它命名。通过贡献你的声音，你既可以模仿原声，也可以创造一些全新的东西。”承接下文，B项This app has movies, cartoons, lectures, TV series.（这个应用程序有电影，卡通，讲座，电视剧。）切题。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 下文提示“在Shorts的帮助下，你可以把相册中的图片做成幻灯片。”承接下文，E项Videos and pictures aren’t only for separate purposes.（视频和图片并不只是用于单独的目的。）切题。故选E。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 上文提示“视频制作和编辑曾经看起来非常困难。”再根据下文提示“但这款应用程序将让你轻松进入该领域，它具有直截了当功能和明确的方向，帮助你创建自己的视频故事。”承接上下文，F项Newbies (网络新手) and amateurs didn’t dare to even give it a try.（新手和业余爱好者甚至不敢试一试。）切题。故选F。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 下文提示“Viva Video需要一个功能相对强大的手机才能平稳运行。”承接下文，A项But here is a little reminder.（但这里有个小提示。）切题。该项中的little和下文中的powerful由but构成一种转折关系。故选A。‎ 第二部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ In 1957, Jane Goodall first met the famous anthropologist (人类学者) Dr Louis Leakey, who later played an important role in her life. With the ___16___ of gaining insight into humans’ evolutionary (进化的) past, Dr Leakey ___17___ a pioneering long-term field study on ___18___ chimps. Even though Jane had no formal ___19___, her patience and determination to understand animals___20___him to choose her for the study. ___21___ it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa, going there ___22___the fulfillment (实现) of her childhood dream. In ‎ the summer of 1960 she ___23___ in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) on Lake Tanganyika’s eastern shore. This marked the ___24___ of the longest continuous field study of animals in their ___25___ habitat(栖息地). Five years ___26___, she earned a doctor’s degree at Cambridge University and then ___27___ to Tanzania to found the Gombe Stream Research Center. And in 1977, to provide on- -going ___28___ for chimp research, Dr Goodall ___29___ The Jane Goodall Institute.‎ Today, she ___30___ most of her time traveling around the world, giving lectures on her ___31___ at Gombe and speaking to school groups about Roots && Shoots, her environmental education and humanitarian program for the ___32___‎ ‎“Chimps have given me so ___33___ The long hours spent with them in the ___34___ have enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my ___35___ of human behavior, of our place in nature.”‎ ‎16. A. knowledge B. idea C. way D. method ‎17. A. argued B. achieved C. suggested D. changed ‎18. A. rude B. special C. modest D. wild ‎19. A. living B. training C. exercise D. practice ‎20. A. made B. let C. devoted D. led ‎21. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Once ‎22. A. intended B. stopped C. meant D. inspired ‎23. A. reached B. left C. arrived D. went ‎24. A. happening B. beginning C. end D. achievement ‎25. A. man-made B. old C. new D. natural ‎26. A. ago B. before C. later D. behind ‎27. A. returned B. referred C. connected D. turned ‎28. A. time B. evidence C. environment D. support ‎29. A. founded B. built C. created D. set ‎30. A. pays B. spends C. costs D. devotes ‎31. A. experiences B. presence C. bravery D. appearance ‎32. A. human B. youth C. animals D. adults ‎33. A. much B. many C. little D. few ‎34. A. institute B. university C. field D. forest ‎35. A. understanding B. desire C. imagination D. protection ‎【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的动物专家Jane Goodall深入非洲大森林研究黑猩猩的情况。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. knowledge知识；B. idea想法；C. way方式；D. method方法。指Leakey有要对人类的进化进行研究的观点，他建议Jane对非洲野外的大猩猩进行研究，故B 正确。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 动词辨析。A. argued辩论；B. achieved取得，获得；C. suggested建议；D. changed改变。解析同上。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 形容词辨析。A. rude粗鲁的；B. special特殊的；C. modest 谦虚的；D. wild野生的。解析同1。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. living生活；B. training训练；C. exercise 运动；D. practice练习。指Jane没有接受正式的训练，故B正确。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 动词辨析。A. made制造；B. let让；C. devoted献身于；D. led引领。lead sb to do sth带领他去做某事，指他的决心让她去研究大猩猩。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 连词辨析。A. Although尽管；B. Because因为；C. If 如果；D. Once一旦。尽管女性在非洲森林中工作是非同一般，但去非洲就意味着实现了梦想。故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 动词辨析。A. intended打算；B. stopped停止；C. meant意味着；D. inspired鼓舞。解析同上。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 动词辨析。A. reached够到，到达；B. left离开；C. arrived到达；D. went去。指在1960年她到达了坦桑尼亚。arrive in到达------。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. happening意外的事情；B. beginning 开始；C. end结束；D. achievement成就。这就标志着在猩猩自然栖息地研究的开始。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 形容词辨析。A. man-made人造的；B. old旧的，老的；C. new新的；D. natural自然的。解析同上。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 副词辨析。A. ago以前；B. before在------以前；C. later后来；D. behind在------之后。later放在一个时间段的名词以后，发生在一段时间以后。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 动词辨析。A. returned返回，归还；B. referred提到；C. connected连接；D. turned使变成。指她回到了Tanzania建立保护区。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. time时间；B. evidence证据；C. environment环境；D. support支持。指对黑猩猩的研究提供支持。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 动词辨析A. founded 建立，成立；B. built建造；C. created创造；D. set树立，点燃。指Dr Goodall建立了The Jane Goodall Institute.故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 动词短语。A. pays支付；B. spends 某人花费；C. costs花费；D. devotes致力于。根据本句的traveling说明是spend…in doing 的结构。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. experiences经历；B. presence存在，出席；C. bravery 勇敢；D. appearance外貌，出现。她向年轻人作关于自己的经历的演讲。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. human人类；B. youth青年；C. animals 动物；D. adults成年人。解析同上。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 名词辨析。指黑猩猩给了我们很多。much指代不可数名词。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. institute研究所，学会；B. university大学；C. field 领域；D. forest森林。根据上文可知她是在森林中和黑猩猩在一起的。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 名词辨析。A. understanding理解；B. desire欲望；C. imagination想象；D. protection保护。她从黑猩猩身上学到的知识形成了她对人类行为的理解。故选A。‎ 第II卷 注意事项：‎ 用0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第一节 用单词的适当形式填空 ‎36. She wanted to i_________her students by having them listen to this instructive speech.‎ ‎37. All of us should mind our b_________ in public places.‎ ‎38. Would you mind writing a s___________of the passage? About 200 words are OK.‎ ‎39. Please be more c___________and don’t play loud music late at night.‎ ‎40. Swimming helps to get the blood __________ (循环) through our body.‎ ‎41. Farmers produce millions of tons of_________ (粮食，谷物)to feed the nation.‎ ‎42. An outbreak of fire or an accident is an _____________(突发事件).‎ ‎43. Do you have any___________(评论)on the proposal?‎ ‎44. I felt a great sense of a__________ when I reached the top of the mountain.‎ ‎45. We all found his _________(争论) convincing and interesting.‎ ‎【答案】36. inspire ‎ ‎37. behavio(u)r ‎ ‎38. summary ‎ ‎39. considerate ‎ ‎40. to circulate/ circulating ‎ ‎41. grain 42. emergency ‎ ‎43. comment ‎ ‎44. achievement ‎ ‎45. argument ‎【解析】‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 句意：她想让学生们听这个有教育意义的演讲来激励他们。固定搭配：want to do sth.“想做某事”，故答案为inspire。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 句意：我们都应该注意在公共场所的行为。形容词性物主代词our修饰名词，故答案为behavio(u)r。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 句意：你介意为这篇文章写个摘要吗?大约200字就可以了。此处用名词，根据所给首字母可知答案为summary。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 句意：请多体谅别人，不要在深夜放吵闹音乐。be动词后面用形容词作表语，结合所给首字母可知答案为considerate。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 句意：游泳有助于血液在体内循环。固定结构：get sb. to do /doing sth.结合所给汉语可知答案为to circulate/ circulating。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 句意：农民生产数百万吨粮食来养活国家。结合所给汉语可知答案为grain。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 句意：火灾或事故的爆发是一种紧急情况。根据an可知此空填名词，再根据所给汉语可知答案为emergency。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 句意：你对这个建议有何评论?固定词组：have any comment on对------评论，故答案为comment。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 句意：当我到达山顶时，我感到一种巨大的成就感。此处用名词形式，结合所给汉语可知答案为achievement。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 句意：我们都觉得他的论点令人信服而且有趣。此处用名词形式，结合所给汉语可知答案为argument。‎ 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ Yuan Longping is one of the most famous scientists in the world. He___46___ (struggle) for the past five decades for the Chinese farmers. He grows ___47___ is called super hybrid rice. This special strain of rice makes ___48___ possible to produce one third more of the crop in the same fields. ___49___(use)his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.‎ Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal since he graduated from college in 1953. At that time, hunger was___50___disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Therefore, he wanted to help his motherland rid of hunger___51___increasing the rice output without___52___(expand) the area of the fields, and he ‎ finally made it.‎ ‎___53___ a great scientist, he leads a very simple life. He believes that a person with too much money has more rather than___54___ (few) troubles. He has another dream ___55___ his rice can be grown around the globe and no hunger is in the world.‎ ‎【答案】46. has struggled ‎ ‎47. what 48. it ‎ ‎49. Using 50. a ‎ ‎51. by 52. expanding ‎ ‎53. As 54. fewer ‎ ‎55. that ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍水稻之父袁隆平及他的超级杂交水稻。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：过去50年来，他一直在为中国农民而奋斗。根据for the past five decades可知句子用现在完成时态，再根据主语he单数第三人称，故答案为has struggled。‎ ‎47题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：他种植所谓的超级杂交水稻。此处动词grow后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句缺少主语，故答案为what。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查it用法。句意：这种特殊的水稻品种使在同一块土地上多生产三分之一以上的作物成为可能。此处it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，故答案为it。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：使用他的杂交水稻以后，农民的收成是以前的两倍。句子主语farmers和use之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，故答案为Using。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词。句意：当时，饥饿在农村的许多地区是一个令人不安的问题。结合句意可知答案为a。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：因此，他想通过增加水稻产量，而不扩大土地面积，来帮助他的祖国摆脱饥饿，他终于做到了。by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故答案为by。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：因此，他想通过增加水稻产量，而不扩大土地面积，来帮助他的祖国摆脱饥饿，他终于做到了。介词without 后面用doing 做宾语，故答案为expanding。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：作为一个伟大的科学家，他过着非常简单的生活。结合句意可知答案为As。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查比较级。句意：他认为：有太多钱的人有更多而不是更少的麻烦。根据than可知句子用比较级，故答案为fewer。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查同位语从句。句意：他有另一个梦想，他的水稻可以种植在世界各地，世界上再没有饥饿。此处dream后面是同位语从句，由that引导，故答案为that。‎ 第三节 短文改错（满分10分）‎ ‎56.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My neighbor Mrs. Li is a curious lady. Yesterday morning, a mailman rang my doorbell. Hear the bell, Mrs. Li put her head out of the windows immediately and asked in a loud voice, “What’s the matter?” “Are you Li Xia? There’s package for you,” answer the man. “Where is it come from?” Mrs. Li asked. “It’s from London.” Then Mrs. Li asked the mailman to open it. Feeling puzzling, he replied that he couldn’t open the package and asked Mrs. Li to come down and open it herself. Mrs. Li refused polite. The mailman was a little bit angry but asked impatiently, “Why?” “Because I’m not Li Xia. She lives next door. I played a joke of you.”‎ ‎【答案】第二行. ... rang my doorbell. my → her 第二行 Hear the bell ... Hear → Hearing 第二行 out of the windows ... windows → window 第四行 There’s package ... package前加a 第四行 ... answer the man. answer → answered 第四行 ... is it come from ... is → does或去掉come ‎ 第六行 Feeling puzzling ... puzzling → puzzled 第七行 ... refused polite. polite → politely 第八行... but asked impatiently ... but → and 第九行 ... a joke of ... of → on ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居李太太和一名邮递员开的一个小玩笑。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我的邻居李太太是一位好奇的女士。昨天早上，一个邮递员按了她的门铃。结合句意可知把rang my doorbell中的my → her。‎ ‎2.考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：听到铃声，李太太立刻把头探出窗外，大声问道:------。此处句子主语Mrs. Li和hear之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，故把Hear → Hearing。‎ ‎3.考查可数名词。句意：听到铃声，李太太立刻把头探出窗外，大声问道:------。结合句意可知此处“窗户”应该用单数形式，故把windows → window。‎ ‎4.考查不定冠词。句意：有你的一个包裹。此处表示泛指，结合句意可知在package前加a。‎ ‎5.考查时态。根据Yesterday morning可知句子用一般过去时态，所以answer the man中的answer → answered。‎ ‎6.考查固定词组。句意：它来自哪里?固定词组：be from/come from“来自------”。故把is → does或去掉come。‎ ‎7.考查形容词。句意：他感到很困惑，回答说他打不开这个包裹，让李太太亲自下来打开。此处puzzling“令人疑惑的”；puzzled“感到疑惑的”。人做主语用puzzled,故把puzzling → puzzled。‎ ‎8.考查词形转换。句意：李太太礼貌地拒绝了。此处是副词修饰动词，故把polite → politely。‎ ‎9.考查并列连词。句意：邮递员有点生气，不耐烦地问。此处表示并列的递进关系。故把but → and。‎ ‎10.考查固定词组。固定词组：play a joke on“开------的玩笑”。故把of → on。‎ ‎【点睛】表示情感的现在分词和过去分词 surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving令人感动的， moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored感到厌烦。现在分词的主语通常指事物；过去分词的主语通常指人。‎ 第四节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎57.每年的‎10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日”。假设你是李华，你最近给你在美国的朋友Mike的一封email中专门讨论了“勤俭”的问题。你的email内容应包括：‎ ‎1)指出校园内中学生花钱如水，没有节约的概念；‎ ‎2)分析产生这一现象原因(独生子女；生活水平的提高；追求时髦等)；‎ ‎3)你对“节俭”的看法。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．字数：110左右。‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已写好，不计入总字数。‎ ‎3．参考词汇：世界勤俭日：World Thrift Day; 花销：expenditure; 现象：phenomenon Dear Mike，‎ How's everything going?‎ As you know, World Thrift Day falls on October 31. So this time I'd like to discuss thrift with you. In recent years, the monthly expenditure of middle school students has been on the sharp rise.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ How about your point about thrift?‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours faithfully Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mike，‎ How's everything going?‎ As you know, World Thrift Day falls on October 31. So this time I'd like to discuss thrift with you. In recent years, the monthly expenditure of middle school students has been on the sharp rise. Many of them spend money like water and have no concept of thrift in their minds. This phenomenon is caused by the following factors.‎ First of all, nowadays most of students are the only children of their families. Naturally, they get more care and pocket money. Secondly, with the improvement of living standard, parents can afford higher expenditure of their children. Thirdly, some students like to pursue fashion and trends, which tends to need more money.‎ From my point of view, middle students should learn to be thrifty. We should limit our expenditure in our daily life.‎ The habit of thrift can help us form right values and is favorable to our future development.‎ How about your point about thrift?‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours faithfully Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：每年的‎10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日”‎ ‎。假设你是李华，你最近给你在美国的朋友Mike的一封email中专门讨论了“勤俭”的问题。你的email内容应包括：1)指出校园内中学生花钱如水，没有节约的概念；2)分析产生这一现象的原因(独生子女；生活水平的提高；追求时髦等)；3)你对“节俭”的看法。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：World Thrift Day（世界勤俭日）；on the sharp rise（急剧上升）；caused by the following factors（被下面的因素引起）；with the improvement of living standard（随着生活水平的提高）；等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。As you know, World Thrift Day falls on October 31.句中as引导非限制性定语从句；This phenomenon is caused by the following factors.句中使用被动语态；some students like to pursue fashion and trends, which tends to need more money.句中使用定语从句；另外，As you know, In recent years, First of all, Secondly, Thirdly, From my point of view,等的运用为文章增色添彩。‎