2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修2高考提能练（4）

2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修2高考提能练（4）

‎2019届北师大版单元复习测验卷：　必修②　Unit 6　Design ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2019·河南省高考适应性测试]‎ The Manitoba Museum ‎ Set sail on thrilling voyage of excitement and discovery at the Manitoba Museum. Only here can you travel through time to the exciting 20's, explore a 17th century ship, and view treasures from around the world.‎ ‎▲Fun for the Brain Who says science can't be fun? Designed to educate, entertain, and inspire, the museum's travelling exhibits cover a wide range of subjects, including old warships replicating (复制，仿制), modern organic farming and so on. In our Science Gallery, you can make your own movie, design a racecar, and experience what it's like to be an astronaut on our microgravity trainer.‎ ‎▲Expand Your Horizons ‎ The Manitoba Museum is one of only five major planetariums (天文馆) in the country. You can see an amazingly realistic night sky containing more than 9,000 stars, the Milky Way, the sun, the moon and planets, which is created by 154 projectors (投影仪)．‎ ‎▲Programs ‎ The museum is a base of Manitoba's education system. Each year, nearly 90,000 school children come for curriculumbased guided and selfguided programs. Thousands more visit the museum with their families and the special event programs offered during the holidays. Hours of interactive entertainment for all ages and new exhibits are being added soon. Visit www. manitobamuseum. ca and find more information.‎ ‎▲Visiting time Monday － Friday: 10：00 AM － 4：00 PM Saturday, Sunday & Holidays: 10：00 AM － 5：00 PM ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Manitoba博物馆的特色项目及其功能，并给出了博物馆的开放时间。‎ ‎1．What can the visitors do in the Manitoba Museum?‎ A．Replicate ancient carts.‎ B．Be trained as an astronaut.‎ C．Direct their short music plays.‎ D．View the manmade night sky.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“You can see an amazingly realistic night sky containing more than 9,000 stars, the Milky Way, the sun, the moon and planets, which is created by 154 projectors (投影仪)．”可知，你可以在该博物馆看到令人惊叹不已的逼真的含有9 000多颗星星的夜空，这些都是通过154个投影仪创造出来的效果。故选D。‎ ‎2．What is the purpose of “Programs”？‎ A．To attract more visitors to come.‎ B．To advertise some holiday exhibits.‎ C．To encourage students to do science research.‎ D．To explain the education system of Manitoba.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查目的意图。通读最后一段内容可知，该段主要介绍了Manitoba博物馆的各种项目，目的是吸引更多的游客前来参观。故选A。‎ ‎3．How does the writer recommend “The Manitoba Museum” to readers?‎ A．By giving details of its location.‎ B．By introducing some of its contents.‎ C．By telling stories at the beginning.‎ D．By comparing it with other museums.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查写作手法。通读全文可判断出，作者是通过介绍博物馆的特色内容来向读者推荐该博物馆的。故选B。‎ B ‎[2019·泰安复习质量检测] If you've ever had to chop an onion, you probably know that it's one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and they've apparently come up with a tearless onion.‎ ‎ Called the “Sunion”， this new vegetable is the result of a natural crossbreeding program that's been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. It's supposedly a sweet, mildtasting onion that doesn't leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary eyes when it's chopped.‎ ‎ When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatoryfactor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored, so the older they are, the more you cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying compound drop the more time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.‎ ‎ That's what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they don't have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”．‎ ‎ So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but we'll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在切洋葱的时候，它散发出的辛辣的刺鼻味会导致人流泪。最近科学家们培育出了一种名叫Sunion的洋葱，让人感到惊奇的是，它不会导致人流泪。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. (第三段第一句)‎ 分析：本句为复合句。When you cut into a normal onion中的When引导的是时间状语从句；called lachrymatoryfactor synthase是定语，修饰compound；when that hits your eyes中的when引导的是时间状语从句。‎ Paraphrase/英英释义：In the process of chopping a normal onion, it lets out a compound called lachrymatoryfactor synthase, which can cause you to tear if it hits your eyes.‎ ‎【词汇积累】　chop v．切　annoying adj.恼人的，讨厌的　supposedly adv.大概，推测地　confirm v．证实 ‎4．What is special about the Sunion?‎ A．It's easily chopped.‎ B．It's sweet and tastes strong.‎ C．It's tearless and mild.‎ D．It's grown nationwide in the USA.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。由第二段第二句“It's supposedly a sweet, mildtasting onion that doesn't leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary eyes when it's chopped.” 可知，Sunion这种洋葱味淡且不会使人流泪。故正确答案为C。‎ ‎5．How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3?‎ A．By comparison.‎ B．By telling a story.‎ C．By giving examples.‎ D．By asking questions.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查写作手法。该题问的是在第三段中，作者是如何介绍Sunion这种洋葱的。根据第三段内容可知，作者先介绍了为什么普通的洋葱会使人流泪，然后介绍了Sunion这种洋葱为什么不会使人流泪。由此可判断出，作者主要通过对比来介绍Sunion这种洋葱。故正确答案为A。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A．Round shape.　　　　　　　B．Strong smell.‎ C．Special character. D．Medical function.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查词义猜测。该题问的是第四段的画线词“pungency”是什么含义。根据第四段最后两句“The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they don't have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them ‘like popcorn’．”‎ 可知，《赫芬顿邮报》的那三名记者在切Sunion这种洋葱时都没有流泪。由此可推断出，《华盛顿邮报》报道的是Sunion这种洋葱没有普通洋葱那种辛辣的刺鼻味，它们尝起来有些甜甜的，就像爆米花一样。因此，pungency指的是“辛辣的刺鼻味”。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?‎ A．The Sunion has been largely on the market.‎ B．The Sunion is still on trial at present.‎ C．The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.‎ D．The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。该题问的是从最后一段我们可以得出什么结论。根据最后一段可知，虽然目前Sunion这种洋葱的种植面积不大、总产量不是很高，它们的供应不是很充足，但是作者相信过不了几年人们就可以在大多数超市里买到。由此可推断出，作者对Sunion这种洋葱的未来充满信心。故正确答案为D。‎ C ‎[2019·重庆调研] New rules from the China National Tourism Administration prohibit guides from steering (操纵) their clients to illegal or immoral activities, such as gambling or drugs.‎ ‎ Guides are also prohibited from forcing clients to shop at businesses during a tour, or charging extra money against a client's wishes, through intimidation, restricting a person's freedom or using physical force. Those who violate the rules will have their licenses revoked (吊销), and income generated through such misbehavior will be confiscated (没收). In addition, violators will be fined between 2,000 and 20,000 yuan (about $ 300 to $3,000)．‎ ‎ The administration said the quality of tour guides and the services they provide are key to the way the industry is perceived in China and abroad. Through the rules, which will take effect on Jan. 1, the administration hopes to ensure healthy development of the domestic tourism market.‎ ‎ Mr. Wang, a professor of tourism administration at Beijing International Studies University, said the new rules act as a supplement to the existing tourism law. “They elaborate tour guides' responsibilities and will be very helpful for the national tourism administration in strengthening its governance of this group of professionals，” Wang said.‎ ‎ The 2001 regulations listed some prohibited behaviors,‎ ‎ and guides who were found in violation would have points taken away from their annual scores. In 2015 and 2016, many media reports appeared about misbehaved tour guides at popular destinations. Guide services start with 10 points each year. Points are required to maintain a license, so if all 10 points are lost, the guide service is shut down.‎ ‎ The new rules describe situations beyond what were in the 2001 regulations, and cover circumstances in which a tour guide would be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail, noting that some of the examples reflect situations that have been reported domestically in recent years. Forced shopping, verbal abuse at clients and even abandoning clients halfway through a tour were among the misdeeds.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了新颁布的有关导游行为的规章制度。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　The new rules describe situations beyond what were in the 2001 regulations, and cover circumstances in which a tour guide would be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail, noting that some of the examples reflect situations that have been reported domestically in recent years.‎ 分析：这是一个复合句。第一个and连接并列的谓语动词；what引导宾语从句，作beyond的宾语；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词circumstances；noting作伴随状语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰situations。‎ 译文：新的规章制度所描述的情形超过了2001年的规章制度(所描述的情形)，并且把导游违反规章制度的情形和相应的处罚也详细地进行了说明，同时也提到有些情形反映了近几年国内(媒体)报道的问题。 ‎ ‎8．Where does the passage probably come from?‎ A．A newspaper.‎ B．A tour guide's diary.‎ C．The 2001 regulations.‎ D．China National Tourism Administration.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查文章出处。文章介绍了有关导游的新的规章制度，起告知人们的作用。故该文应出现在报纸上，故选A项。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined word “They” in the fourth ‎ paragraph refer to?‎ A．The tourists.‎ B．The new rules.‎ C．The tour guides.‎ D．The 2001 regulations.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查代词指代。根据画线词前一句中的“the new rules act as a supplement to the existing tourism law”和代词They代替前面复数名词的作用可知，B项正确。本句表示“新的规章制度详述了导游的责任，将十分益于加强国家旅游局对这个导游群体的管理”。‎ ‎10．Which of the following statements about the new rules is true?‎ A．They will replace the 2001 regulations.‎ B．They are replacements for the existing tourism law.‎ C．They cover more detailed description as a supplement.‎ D．They will act as new tourism standards replacing the old ones.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据文中第四段中的“the new rules act as a supplement to the existing tourism law”和第六段中的“cover circumstances in which a tour guide would be in violation and punishments are laid out in detail”可知，新的规章制度作为对现行旅游法的补充，含有更详尽的描述，故选C项。‎ ‎11．From the passage, we can infer that ________.‎ A．there will be more misbehaved tour guides B．many travel agencies will go out of business C．more misdeeds will appear at popular destinations D．the domestic tourism market will be more normal 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了有关导游的新的规章制度，它是针对近几年旅游市场中的混乱现象制定的，其对导游的违反情形和相应的处罚措施描述得更加详细，再结合第三段中的“the administration hopes to ensure healthy development of the domestic tourism market”可推知，国内的旅游市场将更加规范。故选D项。‎ D ‎[2019·潍坊模拟] The Moth Café deserves praise on at least two fronts — for offering vegan (素食主义者) food that is both ‎ interesting and delicious, and for livening_up a section of east Jasper Avenue in desperate need of help.‎ ‎ The first accomplishment is no surprise. The familyowned new restaurant brings a new, all plantbased menu (without dairy or egg), but with the same focus on tasty, inventive food. Its brave location, next to what was once the Chinatown Mall but is now abandoned, gives further hope that this neighborhood is finally coming back to life. A new LRT station is under construction to the west.‎ ‎ The shopping mall that is home to The Moth has become a tiny oasis (绿洲) among these blocksintransition. On a recent Saturday night, only a month after opening, The Moth is doing a solid business with a mostly under30 crowd. Inside, the room is bright and airy, with high ceilings, exposed brick, light wood and touches of greenery.‎ ‎ The food menu isn't huge, covering a selection of small bites, allday breakfast, soups and mains. What is huge is the drinks menu. There are coffees and tea available. While there are plans to include beer and wine in the future, the present bar is limited to a variety of ginandtonics. There's also a nonalcoholic bar offering trendy tea in flavors.‎ ‎ In fact, I was impressed with the whole experience at The Moth, though I have yet to figure out the name. Is it an extraordinary superhero thing? A moth (飞蛾)toflame similarity? But then wouldn't the café be called The Flame, not The Moth? No matter, the family behind the new restaurant continues to do its own unique and special thing in an underserved part of the city, and for that, it deserves support.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要从食物、位置、环境等方面介绍了The Moth Café餐厅。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　Its brave location, next to what was once the Chinatown Mall but is now abandoned, gives further hope that this neighborhood is finally coming back to life. (第二段第三句)‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。what引导宾语从句；that引导同位语从句，解释说明hope。‎ 译文：旁边曾是唐人街购物中心，但现已被废弃了，这一独特的地理位置给这片街区带来了恢复生机的更大希望。‎ ‎【词汇积累】　praise n．赞扬，表扬　abandon v ‎．遗弃，抛弃，弃用　selection n．可供选择的事物　available adj.提供的，可获得的 ‎12．What does the underlined phrase “livening up” in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A．Setting up.‎ B．Keeping up.‎ C．Giving life to.‎ D．Making a living for.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“a section of east Jasper Avenue in desperate need of help”及第三段内容可知，Jasper Avenue之前并不热闹，亟须帮助，是The Moth Café为它带来了生机；由此可推断出，liven up的意思是“为……带来生机”。故选C。‎ ‎13．What can we learn from the menus?‎ A．Milk and eggs are served all day.‎ B．The menu focuses on traditional food.‎ C．Alcoholic drinks are limited at present.‎ D．Coffees are not included in the drinks menu.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。由第四段中的“While there are plans to include beer and wine in the future, the present bar is limited to a variety of ginandtonics.”可知，该餐厅目前供应的酒很少。故选C。‎ ‎14．What's the author's attitude towards The Moth Café？‎ A．Appreciative.　　　　　　　B．Tolerant.‎ C．Cautious. D．Uninterested.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查观点态度。由第一段中的“deserves praise”和最后一段第一句中的“I was impressed with the whole experience at The Moth”可知，作者很欣赏这个餐厅。故选A。‎ ‎15．What's the purpose of writing the text?‎ A．To promote an eating style.‎ B．To advocate a vegan diet.‎ C．To recover a declining business.‎ D．To introduce a new restaurant.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查写作意图。该题问的是作者写这篇文章的目的是什么。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了The Moth Café的相关信息。故选D。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·河南省高考适应性测试]‎ Travel Abroad Do's and Don'ts ‎ Planning a trip abroad with family or friends this summer break? Here are a few travel tips to keep you safe. ‎ ‎ 1.If you want to make your trip safe and easy, plan ahead. __1__ The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move. Besides, planning ahead will save your time and make sure you don't miss the best things.‎ ‎ 2.__2__No one wants bad things to happen but you'll feel better when you're ready for them if they do. When you travel abroad, you are in a place you don't know well and you can always be a target, especially your valuables. Don't keep large amounts of cash in your wallet. __3__ Also, take copies of your travel documents with you and leave your passport and other important documents in the hotel.‎ ‎ 3.Nothing ruins a trip faster than the unexpected crisis. __4__ It will insure yourself against unexpected accidents, so it is necessary to buy the insurance. But you need to be careful about the items in the contract (合同), so that you know what you are and are not covered for when you book travel insurance.‎ ‎ 4.While enjoying the moment in the bar, be cautious and keep an eye on your drink at all times. Besides, being on holidays doesn't mean you have the right to do what you want. __5__‎ ‎ Keep these tips in mind and make the most of your time. Have fun with family and friends and explore and enjoy your time away.‎ A．Take more in any case.‎ B．Expect the unexpected.‎ C．Don't leave your hotel alone.‎ D．Take the necessities with you.‎ E．Don't forget to buy the travel insurance.‎ F．Be respectful and don't do anything illegal.‎ G．Try putting smaller notes in several different pockets.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，向暑期到国外度假的人提出了一些有关安全的建议。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：D　根据空格后的“The less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move.”可知，你带的东西越少，你的行动就越便利；由此可知，D项“带一些必需品”引起下文，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：B　根据下一句“No one wants bad things to happen but you'll feel better when you're ready for them if they do.”可知，没有人希望发生不好的事，但是如果这些不好的事发生时，你已做好了准备，那你心里面就会好受一些。B项“预料到突发事件”引起下文，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：G　上文提到，不要把大量的现金放在钱夹里；下文提到，把旅行文件的复印件随身携带，把护照和其他重要文件留在酒店。G项“把小额面值的钱放在不同的口袋里”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：E　上文提到，没有什么比突发的危机更快地破坏一次旅行；下文提到，它会为你的一些突发事故提供担保。E项“别忘记买旅行保险”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：F　上文提到，度假并不意味着你有权做你想做的任何事情；F项“要有礼貌并别做违法的事”是与其相关的注意事项。故选F。‎ 课时练(二)　英语知识运用板块练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2019·陕西检测]Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan. He was __1__ to get to know an American. Yaser hoped that he and Steve would __2__ good friends.‎ At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser __3__ before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even __4__ Yaser to have lunch with him. But after the first term was over, Steve seemed __5__. One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn't seem very __6__ in talking to him. Yaser was hurt by Steve's change of attitude.‎ Yaser is a little __7__. He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn't understand the way Americans view __8__. Americans ‎ view the word “friend” in a very __9__ way. Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are __10__ on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may __11__. Now Steve and Yaser are no longer classmates, their friendship has __12__.‎ In some cultures friendship means a(n) __13__ lifelong bond between two people. In these __14__ friendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. But American __15__ is not always an offer of true friendship. American __16__ is one of those that change rapidly. Studies show that one out of five American __17__ moves every year.‎ People from the United States may at first seem friendly. Americans often chat easily with __18__. They exchange information about their families, __19__ and work. They may smile warmly and say, “Have a nice day.” However, American friendships __20__ quickly, and they may change just as quickly. So, it's necessary to do in Rome as the Romans do.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过叙述Steve和Yaser之间的经历，讲述了美国人对待友谊的观点，所以我们应该入乡随俗。‎ ‎【核心词汇】　warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地　distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的　fade vi.褪色；逐渐消失 ‎1．A.puzzled　　　　　　　　　　B．shocked C．excited D．worried 答案与解析：C　根据上文“Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan”的提示可知，他很兴奋(excited)能认识一个美国人。‎ ‎2．A.continue B．become C．advocate D．submit 答案与解析：B　根据上文“He was __1__ to get to know an American”的描述可知，Yaser希望他和Steve能成为(become)好朋友。‎ ‎3．A.anxiously B．nervously C．strongly D．warmly 答案与解析：D　根据上文“At first，Steve seemed very friendly”的描述可知，课前他总是热情地(warmly)问候Yaser。‎ ‎4．A.invited B．approved C．forbade D．rejected 答案与解析：A　根据上文“Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser”的提示可知，此处与上文语义上形成递进关系，所以此处为他甚至邀请(invited) Yaser和他一起吃午饭。‎ ‎5．A.optimistic B．familiar C．distant D．accessible 答案与解析：C　根据下文“One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn't seem very __6__ in talking to him”的提示可知，两人之间的关系发生了变化，所以此处为但第一学期结束后，Steve显得很冷淡(distant)。‎ ‎6．A.encouraged B．interested C．embarrassed D．inspired 答案与解析： B　根据上文“But after the first term was over，Steve seemed __5__”的提示可知他决定打电话给Steve，但Steve看起来对与他讲话不感兴趣(interested)。‎ ‎7．A.satisfied B．fascinated C．delighted D．confused 答案与解析：D　根据下文“He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn't understand the way Americans view __8__”的描述可知，此处为对此他有点困惑(confused)。‎ ‎8．A.friendship B．ownership C．scholarship D．citizenship 答案与解析：A　根据下文“Americans view the word ‘friend’ in a very __9__ way”的提示可知，此处为他不理解美国人看待友谊(friendship)的方式。‎ ‎9．A.regular B．usual C．general D．similar 答案与解析：C　根据下文“Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends”的描述可知，美国人对待不同的人有着不同的友谊观，所以此处为美国人以非常普遍的(general)方式看待“朋友”这个词。‎ ‎10．A.taken B．based C．grown D．made 答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，这些友谊是依据(based)他们共同的兴趣(而建立起来的)。be based on... 意为“以……‎ 为依据”。‎ ‎11．A.fail B．fall C．delay D．fade 答案与解析：D　根据上文“These friendships are __10__ on common interests. When the shared activity ends”的提示可知，此处为他们的友谊可能会逐渐消失(fade)。‎ ‎12．A.changed B．managed C．arranged D．ranged 答案与解析：A　根据上文“When the shared activity ends，the friendship may __11__”的描述可知，此处为现在他们不再是同学了，他们的友谊也变了(changed)。‎ ‎13．A.recent B．instant C．strong D．final 答案与解析：C　根据下文“American __16__ is one of those that change rapidly”的提示可知，美国人对待友谊的观点不同于其他文化，所以此处为在一些文化中，友谊意味着两个人之间牢固的(strong)终生的纽带。‎ ‎14．A.creatures B．cultures C．lectures D．pictures 答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“In some cultures friendship means a(n)．.. two people”可知，此处为原词复现，所以此处为在这些文化(cultures)中，友谊发展得很缓慢。‎ ‎15．A goodness B．happiness C．brightness D．friendliness 答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，但是美国人的友好(friendliness)并不总是真正的友谊。‎ ‎16．A.society B．activity C．authority D．quantity 答案与解析：A　根据下文“Studies show that one out of five American __17__ moves every year”的提示可知，这是一个社会问题，所以此处为美国社会(society)是一个快速变化的社会。‎ ‎17．A.apartments B．houses C．families D．departments 答案与解析：C　根据上文“American __16__ is one of those that change rapidly”‎ 的提示可知，此处为研究表明，每年有五分之一的美国家庭(families) 搬家。‎ ‎18．A.participants B．strangers C．colleagues D．members 答案与解析：B　根据上文“People from the United States may at first seem friendly”的提示可知，此处为美国人常常很容易与陌生人(strangers)聊天。‎ ‎19．A.offence B．forests C．prejudice D．hobbies 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“Americans often chat easily with __18__”可知，此处为美国人会与这些陌生人交流他们的家庭、爱好(hobbies)及工作信息。‎ ‎20．A.develop B．flow C．disappear D．revolve 答案与解析：A　根据上文“Americans often chat... and work”以及下文“and they may change just as quickly”的提示可知，美国人的友谊发展得很快，变化得也很快。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·福建省高三质量检查] No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Yet __1__ (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining __2__ (they)．‎ ‎ Most of the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book. Members may be friends or people __3__ live near each other. Some Americans belong to reading groups on __4__ Internet. These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read. They send electronic mails instead of gathering __5__ (discuss) books.‎ ‎ Most reading groups study books by __6__ (variety) writers. However, some groups read the work of a single writer, __7__ (usual) one that has been famous for a while. Other groups may __8__ (name) for an important person in the work of a writer, __9__ a Sherlock Holmes Club. Members of these book clubs often are experts on their __10__ (choose) reading materials. One member of a Holmes reading group, for example, can identify almost every ‎ person in every Sherlock Holmes story.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：publishers　考查名词。此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：them　考查代词。join表示“成为……的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：who/that　考查定语从句。先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。on the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：to discuss　考查非谓语动词。他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。此处动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：various　考查形容词。大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：usually　考查副词。空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。usually起强调作用，修饰代词one。部分副词起强调作用时，可修饰名词、代词、介词短语等，如：Even John agreed to come.(修饰名词)；Only she could come. (修饰代词)；He went to the party only because of his wife.(修饰介词短语)。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：be named　考查被动语态。此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：like　考查介词。其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：chosen　考查非谓语动词。这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材料方面的专家。提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填chosen。‎ 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎[2019·济南模拟] This morning, when I was walking in the street, I saw two traveler were reading a map, looked puzzled. It seemed that we were lost. I went up them and asked how I could help. They told me that they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I lead them to a nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, that could take them there directly. They appreciated my help great. Before long, the bus pulled out. They got on a bus and waved goodbye to me. Seeing them on the bus, and I felt a kind of satisfaction.‎ 答案：‎ ‎ This morning, when I was walking in the street, I saw two travele were reading a map, looke puzzled. It seemed that w were lost. I went up them and asked how I could help. They told me that they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I lea them to a nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, tha could take them there directly. They appreciated my help grea. Before long, the bus pulled ou. They got on bus and waved goodbye to me. Seeing them on the bus, I ‎ felt a kind of satisfaction.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·石家庄教学质量检测]假定你是李华，目前在美国你校的友好学校Wilson High School学习交流，将于下周一回国。请通过电子邮件给该校校长Mr. Smith写一封感谢信。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Mr. Smith，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours，‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎【范文赏读】‎ Dear_Mr._Smith，‎ I'm Li Hua, an exchange student from China visiting your school now. How time flies! ①I've been here for several weeks and will be back home next Monday. I'm writing to extend my sincere thanks to you.‎ During my stay, I've learnt so much about your school. ②To my amazement, your school possesses great learning resources and excellent teachers. ③Thanks to your proper arrangements, I attended many classes of different subjects, learning much knowledge. Meanwhile, I established good relationships with some students in ‎ your school and got to know your culture at the same time. I sincerely hope you can visit my school someday.‎ Thank you for your help and support again. Welcome to China.‎ ‎ Yours，‎ ‎ Li_Hua ‎【一句多译】‎ ‎①表达方式一：Having been here for several weeks, I will be back home next Monday.‎ 表达方式二：After several weeks of studying here, I will be hack home next Monday.‎ ‎②表达方式一：I'm amazed to find that your school possesses great learning resources and excellent teachers.‎ 表达方式二：It amazes me that your school possesses great learning resources and excellent teachers.‎ ‎③表达方式一：Thanks to your proper arrangements, I attended many classes of different subjects and learned much knowledge.‎ 表达方式二：Due to your proper arrangements, I attended many classes of different subjects, learning much knowledge.‎