2018-2019学年浙江省湖州市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年浙江省湖州市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

‎2018学年第二学期期末调研测试卷 高二英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必用2B铅笔按“正确涂写”要求涂写答题卡。‎ ‎2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。‎ ‎3.考试结束，考生将答题卡交回。‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. How long has the woman’s tooth been aching?‎ A. For a day. B. For a week. C. For a year.‎ ‎2 Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A In a store. B. In a house. C. In a hotel.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. Whether to keep doing a part-time job.‎ B. Where to go on weekends.‎ C. When to go to school.‎ ‎4. How did the man go to work?‎ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.‎ ‎5. What is the woman trying to say?‎ A. Her son tried his best.‎ B. The math exam is too hard.‎ C. She is disappointed in her son.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. How long will the exam last?‎ A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours.‎ ‎7. What exam are the students probably taking?‎ A. English. B. History. C. Math.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. When does the man listen to music online?‎ A. When he does his homework.‎ B. When he tries to find new music.‎ C. When he gets tired of listening to his records.‎ ‎9. What has the man been doing for years now?‎ A. Running a store.‎ B. Collecting records.‎ C. Downloading music online.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What’s the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Workmates.‎ B. Teacher and student.‎ C. Interviewer and interviewee.‎ ‎11. How long has the woman taught history?‎ A. For ten years. B. For eight years. C. For five years.‎ ‎12. What is the man’s attitude toward the woman?‎ A. Proud. B. Unsure. C.‎ ‎ Interested.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. When did Julie leave for Mexico?‎ A. In June. B. In July. C. In August.‎ ‎14. What did Julie like best about Mexico?‎ A. The nice and helpful people.‎ B. The cheap and delicious food.‎ C. The exciting and fun culture.‎ ‎15. Which languages does Tom speak?‎ A Spanish and English.‎ B. Spanish and French.‎ C. French and English.‎ ‎16. Why doesn’t Tom leave his country?‎ A. He doesn’t have a passport.‎ B. He doesn’t know where to travel.‎ C. He thinks it is expensive to visit other countries.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What is the average height of Salt Lake City?‎ A. 4327 feet above sea level.‎ B. 200 feet above sea level.‎ C. 110.4 feet above sea level.‎ ‎18. What was Salt Lake City officially called before 1868?‎ A. “Great Salt Lake”.‎ B. “Great Salt Lake City”.‎ C. “Crossroads of the West”.‎ ‎19. What brought economic growth to Salt Lake City in the early 1900s?‎ A. The tourist industry and the construction of railroad.‎ B. The construction of railroad and immigration.‎ C. Immigration and the tourist industry.‎ ‎20. What is Salt Lake City surrounded by?‎ A. Bike paths. B. Rivers. C. Mountains.‎ 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A In 1999, 36-year-old Tori Murden McClure became the first woman to row also (单独地) across the Atlantic Ocean, from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean. The journey of just over 5,300 kilometers took the American 81 days. Her boat, The American Pearl, was only 7 meters long.‎ McClure is a real adventurer. She has been on many mountaineering expeditions, including climbs in Alaska, Kenya and Antarctica. She was also the youngest person in a team that skied 1, 200 kilometers across Antarctica to the South Pole in 1989, and became one of only two women ever to travel to the Pole by land.‎ The journey across the Atlantic was her third attempt. The first time she failed because of illness, and during her second attempt, in 1998, she nearly died. She had rowed nearly 5,000 kilometers when her boat was hit by Hurricane Danielle. McClure was suddenly in the middle of 80 kph wind, and surrounded by waves that were 20 meters high. Her little boat turned over five times. McClure was sure that she was going to die-she took the video recorder that she had brought with her and recorded a farewell message to her family and friends. The hurricane continued into night, and The American Pearl turned over five more times. McClure was determined not to send a signal asking to be rescued-she didn’t want other people to risk their lives, too. But after the eleventh turning over of her boat, she finally sent it and a large ship came and found her. However, they couldn’t get her boat out of the rough sea-it was found months later near the coast of Portugal.‎ Tori McClure had concussion (脑震荡) and a dislocated shoulder when she got home. Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again. This time she was ‎ successful-and although she again met a hurricane on the journey, which stopped her from breaking the record for the fastest transatlantic (横渡大西洋的) rowing crossing, she only overturned once!‎ ‎1. What can we learn about Tori McClure’s 1998 journey?‎ A. It was her third attempt.‎ B. She finished it successfully.‎ C. It was a near-death experience.‎ D. She got seriously ill during the journey.‎ ‎2. Why did Tori McClure fail to break the transatlantic rowing crossing record?‎ A. She stopped to repair her boat.‎ B. There was a problem with her shoulder.‎ C. Her boat turned over many times.‎ D. She ran into a hurricane during the journey.‎ ‎3. Which of the following words can best describe Tori McClure?‎ A. Friendly and brave.‎ B. Adventurous and strong-willed.‎ C. Humorous and tough.‎ D. Honest and ambitious.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了Tori Murden McClure划船横渡大西洋的三次经历，在经历无数磨难之中,在1999年36岁的Tori Murden McClure成为第一个划船横渡大西洋的女人。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“and during her second attempt, in 1998, she nearly died.McClure was sure that she was going to die-she took the video recorder that she had brought with her and recorded a farewell message to her family and friends”可知，在1998年,她的第二次尝试中,她差点死了。McClure确信自己快要死了——她拿起随身带来的录像机，录下了给家人和朋友的最后的遗言。所以关于McClure 1998年的旅程，我们可以学到，那是一次濒死的经历。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题题。由最后段“This time she was successful-and although she again met a hurricane on the journey, which stopped her from breaking the record for the fastest transatlantic rowing crossing”可知，这次她成功了——尽管她在行程中再次遭遇飓风，这次飓风使她未能打破最快横渡大西洋的记录。所以为什么McClure没能打破划船横渡大西洋的记录是因为她在行程中遭遇了飓风。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段“McClure is a real adventurer.”以及最后段“Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again.”可知，McClure是一个真正的冒险家。许多人可能在经历了这样的经历后就放弃了，但一年后，McClure又重新踏上修好的船，再次尝试横渡大西洋。所以通过关键词“real adventurer， back in her repaired boat and trying again”可知，McClure敢于冒险且意志坚强。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。‎ 由第二段“McClure is a real adventurer.”以及最后段“Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again.”可知，McClure是一个真正的冒险家。许多人可能在经历了这样的经历后就放弃了，但一年后，McClure又重新踏上了修好的船，再次尝试横渡大西洋。所以通过关键词“real adventurer， back in her repaired boat and trying again”可知，McClure敢于冒险且意志坚强。故B选项为小题3的正确选项。‎ B Japanese technology giant Toshiba has built a huge “clean” factory farm where it is growing various types of lettuce (莴苣) leaves without sunlight or soil for sale in its new healthcare business.‎ Located in a disused 21,000-square-foot electronics factory in Yokosuka, Toshiba announces to have created a perfect “bacteria-free” environment where it will grow three million bags of lettuce a year.‎ Completely cut off from conditions outside the temperature controlled tank, lettuce inspectors wear full body suits while making notes on the quality and growth of the leaves on their iPads in order to prevent the air around the plants becoming contaminated.‎ Each plant is given man-made lighting to trick it into believing it is exposed to sunlight, while vitamin and nutrients are put directly into its roots, meaning the lettuce does not need soil.‎ Toshiba’s new high-tech farm may produce the world’s highest quality lettuce. The final product will be free of any form of bacteria or insect life before being placed into sealed (密封的) bags, which should ensure the product has a longer shelf life than other lettuces.‎ The gardening technique aims to have a bacteria amount of no more than 1/1000th-much lower than that found in normal gardening soil.‎ Toshiba aims to harvest three million bags of leaf lettuce, baby leaf greens, cabbages and other kinds of vegetables every year-with each bag likely to cost people £1.‎ The most important thing in organic vegetables, the lettuce requires no pesticides (杀虫剂) but is expected to have a similar shelf to plants that have been heavily treated with chemicals.‎ The lettuce factory is no marketing trick by Toshiba, however. Instead it represents the company’s latest attempt to expand its technology-led business.‎ There are already plans for the technology giant to build similar factories around the world over the coming years and it will also be selling the high tech equipment that allows factories to produce similar products of exceptionally high quality.‎ ‎4. What is the purpose of Toshiba in planting the new type of lettuce?‎ A. To do scientific research. B. To increase the production.‎ C. To improve the healthcare. D. To make a profit.‎ ‎5. The underlined word “contaminated” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _________.‎ A. polluted B. reduced C. controlled D. dried ‎6. We can learn from the text that the lettuce in Toshiba’s factory farm ___________.‎ A. needs soil to grow B. has to be exposed to sunlight C. can be stored longer than the normal D. gains vitamins and nutrients from man-made lighting ‎7. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The brief introduction of Toshiba.‎ B. The process of planting lettuce.‎ C. The development of a factory farm.‎ D. The new way of planting lettuce.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了日本科技巨头东芝建立了高科技农场，在农场中种植的生菜以及其它绿叶菜是在没有阳光和没有土壤的环境下生长的，这些有机蔬菜具有无农药，无污染，低菌，储存时间更长等优点。这家科技巨头已经计划在未来几年在世界各地建立类似的工厂，它还将销售高科技设备，使工厂能够生产出高质量的类似产品。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最倒数第二段“The lettuce factory is no marketing trick by Toshiba, however. Instead it represents the company’s latest attempt to expand its technology-led business”以及最后段“it will also be selling the high tech equipment”可知，东芝的生菜工厂并不是营销伎俩。相反，它代表着该公司扩大其技术主导业务的最新尝试。还将销售高科技设备。所以东芝公司想通过建立生菜工厂，来销售高科技设备。故判断出东芝种植新型生菜的目的是为了获利。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第三段“Completely cut off from conditions outside the temperature controlled tank, lettuce inspectors wear full body suits while making notes on the quality and growth of the leaves on their iPads in order to prevent the air around the plants becoming contaminated ‎.”可知，完全与温度控制箱外的条件隔绝，生菜检查员穿着全身防护服，同时在iPad上记录叶子的质量和生长情况，以防止植物周围的空气受到污染。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第3段中带下划线的“contaminated”一词可替换为pollute“污染”。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段“ The final product will be free of any form of bacteria or insect life before being placed into sealed (密封的) bags, which should ensure the product has a longer shelf life than other lettuces.”可知，最终的产品在放入密封的袋子之前，不会残留任何种类的细菌或昆虫，这确保产品的保质期比其他莴苣更长。所以我们可以从短文中得知，东芝工厂的生菜储存的时间比正常生菜的储存时间长。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文介绍了日本科技巨头东芝建立了高科技农场，在农场中种植的生菜以及其它绿叶菜是在没有阳光和没有土壤的环境下生长的，这些有机蔬菜具有无农药，无污染，低菌，储存时间更长等优点。这家科技巨头已经计划在未来几年在世界各地建立类似的工厂，它还将销售高科技设备，使工厂能够生产出高质量的类似产品。所以短文主要是关于种植生菜的新方法。故D选项正确。‎ C One of the most outspoken supporters that I know of women and girls is actually a man. As co-founder of the ONE Campaign, my friend Bono spends a lot of time speaking out against global poverty (贫困). Together, we’re working to get out a simple, powerful message: poverty is sexist.‎ Women and girls are more likely to be in poverty, less likely to get an education and more likely to suffer bad health. And when they are born into poverty, it is much more difficult for them to lift themselves and their families out of it.‎ Why? One reason is that breaking out of poverty takes time-and that is a resource women around the world are short on. On average, women spend about twice as much time as men in doing the unpaid work that makes life possible for everyone, like cooking, washing, cleaning, shopping and caring. In developing countries, the gap is even much bigger. As a result, women have no time to finish their education, learn new skills, open a business, develop personal relationships or even go to the doctor. They dream of creating a better future for their children, but they can not spare the hours to put those dreams that they have into action.‎ The fact that the potential of so many women and girls is going unrealized is a sad thing-but it is also an opportunity for us. We need to recognize, reduce and redistribute the burden of work that is holding them back. Because if women have time to invest (投资) in themselves and their ideas, they could transform the world.‎ ‎8. According to the author, what makes it more difficult for women to climb out of poverty?‎ A. Sexist prejudice. B. Heavy burden of housework.‎ C. Impossible dreams. D. Bad health.‎ ‎9. What seems to be the author’s attitude toward reducing female poverty?‎ A. Casual. B. Doubtful.‎ C. Optimistic. D. Unconcerned.‎ ‎10. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A. Why poverty is sexist.‎ B. What global poverty is.‎ C. How to reduce female poverty.‎ D. How to break down sexist prejudice.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。贫穷是性别歧视者，短文阐述了女性为什么更容易陷入贫穷的原因。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“On average, women spend about twice as much time as men in doing the unpaid work that makes life possible for everyone, like cooking, washing, cleaning, shopping and caring.”可知，平均来说，女性花在无薪工作上的时间大约是男性的两倍，就是这样的工作得以让生活正常运转，比如做饭、洗衣、打扫、购物和看孩子。所以根据作者的说法，繁重的家务负担使妇女更难摆脱贫困。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后段“Because if women have time to invest (投资) in themselves and their ideas, they could transform the world.”可知，因为如果女性有时间对自己和她们的想法进行投资，她们就能改变世界。所以通过关键词“they could transform the world”可以判断出，作者对减少女性贫困的态度是乐观的。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段“poverty is sexist”可知，贫穷是性别歧视者。以及下文阐述了女性为什么更容易陷入贫穷的原因。所以短文主要是为围绕着“为什么贫穷是性别歧视者”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“为什么贫穷是性别歧视者”。故A选项正确。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ways to Fight and Overcome Laziness You read productivity tips you’ve used a million to-do list apps, and you promise yourself every month that you’re going to start being productive, but it never happens. Here’s how to break the cycle when you feel like your problem is just laziness.‎ Simple things first: It’s important to get started with the task you’re willing to perform in order to fight laziness. ____11____ Doing so will help you to break your inner resistance.‎ Step-by-step: ____12____ And it will keep us motivated to perform these tasks one after the other in a relaxed manner. Once you have completed one sub-task you can tell yourself that you’re on a roll and that you will soon have finished the next sub-tasks as well.‎ Remove distractions: Whatever it is that distracts you (TV, the Internet, etc.), remove it! ___13___ Make sure that once you have started with one of your tasks, you will not get distracted from it by any means.‎ Reward yourself: Every time you manage to overcome laziness and successfully complete a task you should reward yourself, as this will give you positive feeling about making efforts to get things done. ___14___ Little reward for small efforts and vice versa (反之亦然).‎ Don’t give up: It’s one thing to find your motivation. ____15____ Rather than letting difficulties demotivate you, see them for what they are and refuse to be beaten by them. You’re not alone and staying focused on working through challenges is one of the best ways to fight them.‎ A. Turn off distractions and focus on your goals.‎ B. Just make sure to adapt the reward to the efforts you made.‎ C. A list of weekly goals will help you stay focused and motivated.‎ D. A method that helps you do so is to start with the simple things first.‎ E. Occasional rewards will sweeten the tasks and help keep you on track.‎ F. But it’s quite something else to keep it going when running into difficult problems.‎ G. Breaking down tasks into smaller tasks helps us to reduce the pressure of deadlines.‎ ‎【答案】11. D 12. G ‎ ‎13. A 14. B ‎ ‎15. F ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了战胜懒惰的方法。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 由“It’s important to get started with the task you’re willing to perform in order to fight laziness. ____1____ Doing so will help you to break your inner resistance.”可知，为了战胜懒惰，从你愿意完成的任务开始做起是很重要的。这样做会帮助你冲破内心的阻力。所以小题1要起到承上启下的作用。故D选项“有一种方法可以帮助你做到这一点，那就是先从简单的事情做起”符合句意。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 由“And it will keep us motivated to perform these tasks one after the other in a relaxed manner.”可知，它会让我们保持动力，以轻松的方式一个接一个地完成这些任务。所以小题2要承接下一句来共同说明，怎么样一步一步来做，以及这种做法所起到的效果。故G选项“把任务分解成更小的任务可以帮助我们减少截止日期的压力”符合句意。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 由“Whatever it is that distracts you (TV, the Internet, etc.), remove it! ___3___ Make sure that once you have started with one of your tasks, you will not get distracted from it by any ‎ means.”可知，不管是什么让你分心（电视、互联网等），都要去消除它！关掉干扰，专注于你的目标。确保一旦你开始了你的一项任务，你就不会因为它而分心。所以小题3起到承上启下的作用。故A选项“关掉干扰，专注于你的目标”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 由“Every time you manage to overcome laziness and successfully complete a task you should reward yourself, as this will give you positive feeling about making efforts to get things done”可知，每次你克服懒惰并成功完成一项任务时，你都应该奖励自己，因为这会给你积极的感觉，让你努力把事情做好。所以小题4要强调努力的和奖励的关系，也为了承接下文。故B选项“确保奖励与你所付出的努力相适应”符合句意。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 由“It’s one thing to find your motivation.”可知，找到动力是一回事。所以小题5要与前一句构成转折关系，且要承接下文。故F选项“但是当遇到困难时，让它继续下去却是另外一回事”符合句意。故F选项切题。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Mrs. Doyle was a hero. She will be awarded the Legion of Honor, France’s highest decoration, in honor of her in ___16___ helping to liberate the country from the Nazis.‎ Mrs. Doyle was one of the female agents ___17___ for the Special Operations Executive (SOE). She engaged in gathering ___18___ ahead of the D-Day landings. “It wasn’t until after my first round of ___19___ that I was told to become a member of it,” she said in a rare interview.‎ ‎“We ___20___ how to get in a high window, and how to climb over roofs without being ___21___,” she recalled.‎ After the training, she was ___22___ behind enemy lines under a code name, Paulette. ___23___ aged 23, she dressed up like a poor 14-year-old French girl to make the Germans less suspicious. She used bicycles to ___24___the area, passing information through coded messages.‎ The ___25___ would take half an hour to send and the Germans need an hour and a half to pick up the ___26___. She would have just enough time to send her message ‎ and move on before being ___27___.‎ She would sleep rough in forests and was ___28___ to hunt for food, or stay with our supporters. “One family I stayed with told me we were ___29___ a squirrel,” she told the Army News, “I found out later it was a rat. I was half ___30___ so I didn’t care.”‎ It wasn’t until the last 15 years or so that Mrs. Doyle made known her career as a ___31___ “My eldest son found out by ___32___ something on the Internet, and my children ___33___ I send off for my medals,” she said.‎ ‎“I was asked if I wanted them to be ___34___ presented to me, and I said no, I didn’t, it was my family who wanted them.”‎ Laurent Contini, the French ambassador to New Zealand, said, “I have deep ___35___ for her bravery and it will be with great honor that I will present her with the award.”‎ ‎16. A. courage B. generosity C. judgment D. dignity ‎17. A. working B. hiding C. waiting D. learning ‎18. A. newspapers B. information C. medicine D. equipment ‎19. A. fighting B. training C. voting D. interviewing ‎20. A. learned B. desired C. appointed D. programmed ‎21. A. followed B. cheated C. caught D. searched ‎22. A. killed B. saved C. dropped D. buried ‎23. A. Although B. Because C. Unless D. Therefore ‎24. A. protect B. change C. attack D. tour ‎25. A. letters B. messages C. emails D. orders ‎26. A. passenger B. news C. bicycle D. signal ‎27. A. recognized B. blamed C. discovered D. transformed ‎28. A. appealed B. addicted C. persuaded D. forced ‎29. A. eating B. catching C. drawing D. feeding ‎30. A. dead B. starved C. allergic D. frozen ‎31. A. woman B. teacher C. spy D. doctor ‎32. A. reading B. posting C. selling D. inventing ‎33. A. declared B. predicted C. insisted D. adopted ‎34. A. flexibly B. typically C. formally D. safely ‎35. A. ambition B. admiration C. anxiety D. sympathy ‎【答案】16. A 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了第二次世界大战期间为法国获得独立，摆脱纳粹统治做出卓越贡献的女特工Mrs. Doyle 传奇的特工生涯。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. courage勇气；B. generosity慷慨；C. judgment判断；D. dignity尊严。句意：她将被授予荣誉军团，法国最高的勋章，以表彰她帮助国家从纳粹手中解放出来的勇气。由下文可知，Mrs. Doyle作为特工人员，不惧艰险，深入敌后，开展敌后工作。可见，Mrs. Doyle很有勇气，所以表彰她帮助国家从纳粹手中解放出来的勇气。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. working工作；B. hiding躲藏；C. waiting等待；D. learning学习。句意：Mrs. Doyle是为SOE工作的女性特工之一。Mrs. Doyle是SOE的女特工之一，为SOE工作，work for“为.工作”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. newspapers报纸；B. information信息；C. medicine药；D. equipment装备。句意：她从事于在诺曼底登陆前收集敌人情报的工作。由下文“passing information”可知，她从事于在诺曼底登陆前收集敌人情报的工作。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. fighting打仗；B. training训练；C. voting选举；D.‎ ‎ interviewing采访。句意：她在一次罕见的采访中说：“我接受了第一轮训练后，就被告知被接纳为其中一员。由下文“After the training”可知，作者接受了第一轮训练后，就被告知被接纳为其中一员。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. learned学习；B. desired渴望；C. appointed任命；D. programmed设定。句意：她回忆说:“我们学习如何从高窗爬进去，以及如何在不被抓住的情况下爬过屋顶”。作者参加训练的目的，就是为了学习一些关于特工方面的知识。这些知识，以前是不曾学到的。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. followed跟随；B. cheated欺骗；C. caught抓到；D. searched搜寻。句意：她回忆说:“我们学习如何从高窗爬进去，以及如何在不被抓住的情况下爬过屋顶”。根据常识可知，训练的内容就是执行一些任务而不被抓到。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. killed杀死；B. saved挽救；C. dropped投下；D. buried埋葬。句意：训练结束后，她以代号“Paulette”被空降到敌后。作为特工人员，作者被空降到敌后。这样做是为了安全，也是为了更好地执行任务。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。A. Although尽管；B. Because因为；C. Unless除非；D. Therefore因此。句意：尽管年仅23岁，她却打扮得像个可怜的14岁法国女孩，以减少德国人的怀疑。分析句意可知，本句为although引导的让步状语从句。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. protect保护；B. change改变；C. attack袭击；D. tour游历。句意：她骑自行车游历在这个地区，通过编码信息传递信息。作者是一个特工人员，在敌后方游历以此搜集敌占区的信息，同时也为了防止被敌人发现，经常地换地点。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. letters信；B. messages信息；C. emails邮件；D. orders命令。句意：发送这些信息需要半个小时，而德国人需要一个半小时才能接收到信号。由上文“ coded message”可知，发送这些信息需要半个小时。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. passenger乘客；B. news新闻；C. bicycle自行车；D.‎ ‎ signal信号。句意：发送这些信息需要半个小时，而德国人需要一个半小时才能搜到信号。因为作者使用的是加密信息。所以要通过电台来发出信息。只要使用电台，德国在一定时间内就能获取信号。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. recognized认出；B. blamed责备；C. discovered发现；D. transformed使变形。句意：在被发现之前，她会有足够的时间发送信息并继续前进。由上文可知，德国人能需要一个半小时才能搜到信号。也就是被发现了。但是作者被发现之前，她会有足够的时间发送信息并继续前进。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. appealed恳请；B. addicted使沉溺；C. persuaded说服；D. forced通过努力获取。句意：她会在森林里露宿，努力获取食物，或者和我们的支持者呆在一起。战争时期物资短缺。所以只能通过各种渠道，努力获取食物。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. eating吃；B. catching抓到；C. drawing勾画；D. feeding喂养。句意：和我住在一起的家人诉我，我们在吃松鼠，她告诉Army News，后来我发现那是一只老鼠。由下文“it was a rat”可知，作者吃的是老鼠。那家人在骗作者，说她吃的是松鼠。所以 eating“吃”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. dead死的；B. starved饥饿的；C. allergic对过敏；D. frozen结冰的。句意：我饿得半死，所以我根本不在乎。由“so I didn’t care”可知，饿得半死，根本不在乎吃的是什么了。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. woman女人；B. teacher教师；C. spy间谍；D. doctor医生。句意：直到最近15年左右，Mrs. Doyle才把自己的特工生涯公之于众。作者是一名特工，所以作者把自己的特工生涯公之于众。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. reading读；B. posting 邮寄；C. selling卖；D. inventing发明。句意：我的大儿子通过阅读网上的信息才知道的，我的孩子们坚持要送我勋章。作者的大儿子通过阅读网络上的信息，才得知了母亲过去的信息。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. declared宣称；B. predicted预测；C. insisted坚持；D. adopted采纳。句意：我的大儿子通过读网上的信息才知道，我的孩子们坚持要送我勋章。由“ I send off for my medals”可知，本句是虚拟语气。只有insisted符合用法和句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. flexibly灵活地；B. typically典型地；C. formally正式地；D. safely安全地。句意：有人问我是否想正式被授予勋章，我说不，我不想，是我的家人觉得我值得这样的殊荣。由“She will be awarded the Legion of Honor”可知，这是一种非常正式且官方的授勋。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. ambition野心；B. admiration羡慕；C. anxiety焦虑；D. sympathy同情。句意：法国驻新西兰大使Laurent Contini表示:“我对她的勇敢深感钦佩，我将非常荣幸地授予她这个奖项。法国驻新西兰大使对Mrs. Doyle的勇敢深感钦佩。所以have deep admiration for“对钦佩”符合句意。故B选项切题。‎ 第Ⅱ卷 第Ⅱ卷共2页，用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，答在试题卷上无效。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It seems that artificial ___36___ (intelligent) can do much more than what we have ever imagined. From controlling the lighting in our homes to ___37___ (help) us order pizza, AI has become an important part of our everyday life. But what about the more creative works of mankind? Art, music, poetry-these are inspired not by logic or reason, ___38___ by emotion.‎ In 2017, researchers in Switzerland created the “deep artificial composer (DAC)”, ___39___ can create original music all by ___40___ (it). The scientists trained it to “listen” to over 2,000 different folk songs and ___41___ (base) on this input, the AI taught itself how to get the pitch (音高) and timing and choose the right notes. Besides music, AI already ___42___ (enter) the world of poetry as well. In 2018, Chinese and Japanese researchers wrote an AI program that uses images ‎ to write poems. Then the poems were sent to 500 human judges, who were asked to tell ___43___ they were written by a human or a computer. The result showed that as ___44___ as 200 judges mistakenly thought they were written by a human.‎ So if you were ___45___ artist or a musician, would you watch out?‎ ‎【答案】36. intelligence ‎ ‎37. helping ‎ ‎38. but 39. which ‎ ‎40. itself 41. based ‎ ‎42. has entered ‎ ‎43. whether ‎ ‎44. many 45. an ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。似乎人工智能能做的事情比我们想象的多得多，除了应用在我们的日常生活中，它也已经被应用到了艺术领域，即使是艺术家也很难区分作品是人类所写的还是计算机所写的。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：似乎人工智能能做的事情比我们想象的多得多。artificial为形容词修饰名词intelligence。故填intelligence。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：从控制家里的灯光到帮我们点披萨，人工智能已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。to 为介词后接动名词helping。故填helping。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查删除多余词。句意：艺术、音乐、诗歌——这些灵感并非来自逻辑和理性，而是来自情感。notbut “不是而是”为固定短语。且符合句意。故填but 。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。句意：在2017年，瑞士的研究人员创造了“智能作曲家”，它可以自己创作原创音乐。分析句子可知，deep artificial composer 为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which 。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：在2017年，瑞士的研究人员创造了“智能作曲家”，它可以自己创作原创音乐。这里表示智能作曲家自己能创作原创音乐。所以用反身代词itself。故填 itself 。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：科学家训练它“听”2000多首不同的民歌，基于这些输入，人工智能自学如何获得音高和调速，选择正确的音符。be based on“以为基础”，为固定短语。在本句中为形容词短语作状语。故填 based 。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查现在完成时。句意：除了音乐，人工智能已经进入了诗歌的世界。由“already”以及句意可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为AI,谓语为has entered。故填has entered 。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查连接代词。句意：然后这些诗被发送给500名人类评委，他们被要求告诉它们是由人类还是计算机写的。分析句子的可知，tell后接宾语从句，空处缺少连接词，由“or”可知，空处应填whether。whetheror 是还是。故填whether。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：结果显示，多达200名评委错误地认为这些作品是由人写的。as many as “多达”修饰可数名词复数。故填many。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：所以如果你是艺术家或音乐家，你能判断出吗。artist为可数名词,本句表示泛指，且首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用冠词an。故填an。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。‎ ‎(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 分析小题4的句子可知，deep artificial composer 为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which。‎ 第四部分：写作（共两节；满分40分）‎ 第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，得知现在正在招募亚运会志愿者，你有意应聘。请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 表示感兴趣；‎ ‎2. 说明优势（英语水平、合作精神、相关经历）；‎ ‎3. 希望得到回复。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,‎ Knowing you are in need of volunteers for the coming Asian Games, I’m writing to apply for it.‎ I have a good command of English, which will surely be of great help in communicating with foreigners. I also enjoy cooperating with others and am easy to get along with. More importantly, I once worked as a volunteer for the International X-sports Games, making me quite qualified for the job.‎ I’d be grateful if my application could be taken into consideration. Please reply at your earliest convenience.‎ Yours faithfully Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 表示感兴趣；2. 说明优势（英语水平、合作精神、相关经历）；3. 希望得到回复。第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态以一般现在时为主，兼用一般过去时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，写信表明目的。第二段，表示感兴趣；说明优势（英语水平、合作精神、相关经历）。第三段， 希望得到回复。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: grateful, volunteers，in need of，apply for ，Asian Games，have a good command of ，be of help，communicate with, cooperate with, get along with, be qualified for ,take sth into consideration。‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:现在分词作状语Knowing you are in need of volunteers for the coming Asian Games, which引导的非限制性定语从句I’m writing to apply for it. I have a good command of English, which will surely be of great help in communicating with foreigners。‎ 第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:现在分词作状语Knowing you are in need of volunteers for the coming Asian Games, which引导的非限制性定语从句I’m writing to apply for it. I have a good command of English, which will surely be of great help in communicating with foreigners。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ 第二节：概要写作（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ What is eco-fashion? Eco-fashion is about making clothes that considers the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.‎ A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides; sheep-farming and wool-cleaning bring about global warming. Secondly, every stage of clothing production consumes a great deal of energy and some also involve chemicals which obviously do harm to the surroundings. In addition, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing purchasing power and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.‎ Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are a great many ways these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycling and minimizing waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all play our part by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing buying.‎ There is some concern that eco-friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn’t happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also do good to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Eco-fashion concerns the environment, consumers’ health and people’s working conditions when making clothes.(要点1) Various problems arise in traditional fashion production, including environmental pollution and energy waste, worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits. (要点2) To solve the problem, producers should reduce, reuse and recycle, while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less.(要点3) Benefiting the health of both the earth and people, eco-fashion will surely be a lasting trend.(要点4)（72 words）‎ ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 这是一篇概要写作。短文阐述了生态时尚的定义。传统时装产品的问题，解决这些问题的措施。以及生态时尚的益处。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：阅读 ‎ ‎1．认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。 ‎ ‎2．划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。 ‎ ‎3．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。‎ 第二步：写作步骤 ‎ ‎1. 浏览课文，找出主题：短文阐述了生态时尚的定义。传统时装产品的问题，解决这些问题的措施。以及生态时尚的益处。‎ ‎2. 分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为四部分。第一部分：Eco-fashion concerns the environment, consumers’ health and people’s working conditions when making ‎ clothes。第二部分：Various problems arise in traditional fashion production, including environmental pollution and energy waste, worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits。第三部分：To solve the problem, producers should reduce, reuse and recycle, while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less。第四部分：Benefiting the health of both the earth and people, eco-fashion will surely be a lasting trend。‎ 第三步：修改成文 ‎ 草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。‎ 首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。‎ 其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。‎ 最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。‎ ‎ ‎