2018-2019学年河南省南阳市高二下学期期中考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年河南省南阳市高二下学期期中考试英语试题 解析版

南阳市2019年春期高中二年级期中质量评估 英语试卷 说明：‎ ‎1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎2．将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共1 00分）‎ 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the man want to do?‎ A. Help Judy. B.Borrow some money. C.Make friends with Judy.‎ ‎2. Where are the two speakers going?‎ A. To a restaurant. B.To a zoo. C.To a shop.‎ ‎3．What's the time now?‎ A. 11:15. B.11:25. C.11:40.‎ ‎4. How many colds has the man had?‎ A．One. B．Two. C．Four.‎ ‎5. What can we leam about the man fiom the conversation?‎ A. He will probably wait to go to Canada until summer.‎ B. He will probably go to Mexico for his vacation.‎ C. He will probably go to Canada for his vacation.‎ 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ A. Hiring a taxi B. The way to Wind Street. C. A train timetable ‎7. How much will the woman and her friend pay?‎ A.$ 90 B.$ 45 C．$135‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9小题。‎ ‎8. How old is Lucia now?‎ A. Seventeen. B. Sixteen C. Nineteen ‎9. Why does Lucia like playing the piano?‎ A To make a lot ofmoney. B. To attend weddings. C.To relax herself 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What are the two speakers?‎ A. They are foreigners. B. They are teachers C. They are students.‎ ‎11. What do the kids do with the boy from Brazil?‎ A. They excuse him B. They hate him C. They welcome him.‎ ‎12. What is rewarding according to the woman?‎ A. Her students' progress in the end.‎ B. Her students' praises for their teacher C. Her students' efforts to catch up 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What is Jack probably going to be?‎ A. A doctor. B. A businessman. C. A lawyer.‎ ‎14. What did Li Hua plan to do at first?‎ A. A doctor. B.A business woman C．A lawyer.‎ ‎15. Why does Li Hua want to leam English now?‎ A. Because English is very important for China.‎ B. Because English is very interesting.‎ C. Because English is easier to learn.‎ ‎16. What are the two speakers?‎ A. Doctors. B. Lawyers C. Students 听下面一段对话，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What is the speaker mainly telling the listeners about?‎ A. Vacation arrangements. B. College facilities. C. Dormitory management.‎ ‎18. How long will most ofthe dormitories be closed?‎ A. For about 5 days B. For about 10 days C. For about 15 days ‎19. What will remain open as usual?‎ A. The post office and the college office B. The library and the computer center.‎ C. The college store and the dining halls ‎20 What do we know about the speaker?‎ A. He is the president of the college B. He normally lives in Butler Hall.‎ C. He is in charge ofgeneral affairs 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。‎ A Four books that will change your life If you're already working 9-5, you might not have much time to read. With the Blinkist app, you can get the key information from the best nonfiction books in minutes, not hours or days. Start with the four most-read titles on self-improvement.‎ Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don't Do by Amy Morin You can't escape misfortune in life. But you can change how you respond to it.Do you struggle to get over your failures? Or live with things out of your control? Getting over these troubles can have a great influence on your everyday life, Morin shares how her most successful therapy（治疗）patients overcame these difficulties.‎ How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Carnegie Ever wondered why you can't stop worrying about something? No matter how hard you try, do you focus on the same issue? By defining the source of your stress, you can get over it once and for all. Camegie came up with an effective way that helps you deal with any over-thinking situation.‎ Finding Your Element by Ken Rotoinson Society often encourages us to follow a certain linear plan. Everyone has a passion. If you don't know what yours is, it just means you haven't discovered it yet. Or perhaps you have, buth disappeared early in life. Find out how you can break free of society's strict rules and find your calling in life.‎ Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman Did you know if your pulse rate rises above 100 bpm, you're considered too emotional to think rationally（理智地）? You probably let feelings cloud your judgment more often than you know. Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life.‎ ‎1. What is Amy Morin's book mainly about?‎ A. Unavoidable failures in life.‎ B. Life stories of successful people C. Methods of treating mental diseases D. Approaches to handling challenges in life.‎ ‎2. What does the book by Ken Robinson encourage us to do?‎ A. Draw up our own plans. B. Discover what we truly love.‎ C. Follow a certain linear plan. D. Obey society's strict rules.‎ ‎3. Whose book helps us learn how to control our emotions?‎ A. Amy Morin's B. Dale Carnegie's C. Ken Robinson's D. Daniel Goleman's ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于说明文，介绍四本会改变人生的书籍以及相关信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段Getting over these troubles can have a great influence on your everyday life, Morin shares how her most successful therapy（治疗）patients overcame these difficulties.可知，克服这些麻烦将会对你有重要的影响，Morin将会分享她的那些最成功的病人是怎样克服困难的，故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段Find out how you can break free of society's strict rules and find your calling in life.可知，找出你能够摆脱严厉的社会规则，找到你一生的欲望，故可知，这本书的作者鼓励大家找到自己的真正喜欢的东西，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life.可知，Goleman告诉怎样避免让你的情绪控制你自己，在生活中做出更好的决定，故可知，这本书是关于情绪控制的，故选D。‎ B My wife and I went to this vegan(严格的素食主义的) restaurant to give it a try. As we were eating our pepper and salt tofu, a young lady named Debra walked in. She wasn't aware that the place is vegan and was looking for some meat. My wife and I talked up the place and invited her over to try some of our tofu. Debra tried it, nodded and went out.‎ After a few minutes, she and her mother both walked back in. We were having the rest of our meal at that time, so we told her what we had ordered. Debra then asked the waitress to just repeat our order for them. Next , Debra said. "And we want to pay for their meal", pointing to my wife and me. We tried to say no, but Debra wouldn't listen.‎ That was not the end ofit. Hugs were in order. Debra came over to our table and my wife got up to hug her. Debra hugged my wife and put $ 100 into her hand. My wife firmly said NO, but Debra insisted. Debra kept talking about our kindness, and we did the same about hers and her mother's.With tears in the eyes, the workers were blown away by this whole exchange between four strangers.I left the waiters and waitresses a tip that would cover all ofour meals and we were on our way.‎ I've been witnessing so much kindness, especially over the last few years, as I began to pay more attention. We now have a new favorite restaurant and every time we go there my plan is to pay for someone else's meal.‎ ‎4. Why did Debra go out after trying some tofu?‎ A. To bring her mother in B. To look after her mother.‎ C. To get away from the food. D. To Iook for another restaurant ‎5. What did Debra insist on?‎ A. Hugging the author's wife B. Ordering a meal for the author C. Treating the author and his wife D. Tipping the waiters and waitress ‎6. How did the workers feel when seeing the exchange between four strangers?‎ A. Curious B. Funny C. Surprised D. Touched ‎7. What can we know about the author and Debra?‎ A. They've been friends. B. They were both vegan C. They met forvthe first time D. They once worked together ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者与妻子在素食餐馆吃饭时遇见了Debra, 他们对她表现出的善意让Debra坚持为他们付饭钱。这件事之后，作者每到新的餐馆吃饭，就会把这种善意传递下去，请别人吃饭。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话“After a few minutes, she and her mother both walked back in.”可知Debra出去几分钟后，和妈妈一起进了餐厅，由此可以推断Debra出去是为了将妈妈带过来。选A项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段“Next, Debra said, "And we want to pay for their meal", pointing to my wife and me. We tried to say no, but Debra wouldn’t listen.”以及第三段的“Debra hugged my wife and put $100 into her hand. My wife firmly said NO, but Debra insisted”可知尽管作者和妻子拒绝了，Debra坚持要为他们付饭钱。选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“With tears in the eyes, the workers were blown away by this whole exchange between four strangers.”可知服务员看到作者他们之间的交流后流泪了，故选D项 touched（受触动的，感动的）。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中“She wasn’t aware that the place is vegan and was looking ‎ for some meat.”可知这是Debra第一次进那个素食餐馆，后文“With tears in the eyes, the workers were blown away by this whole exchange between four strangers.”可知服务员感动于陌生人之间的善意，综合上下文可知这是作者和Debra第一次见面，故选C项。‎ C Engineers have put a huge garbage collector to gather plastic material in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii, the world's largest spread of garbage, twice the size of the state of Texas.‎ The Ocean Cleanup organization created the collector. The group's founder, Boyan Slat, an inventor born in 1994, was just 16 when he was moved to clean up the oceans when he was on a dive and saw more plastic bags than fish Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped floating barrier left San Francisco. Attached to it is a screening skirt that hangs three meters down in the water. The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water. Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier The cleanup system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices, so the system can communicate its position at all times. That way a support ship can find it every few months to remove the plastic that has been collected.‎ Shipping containers will hold all the plastic gathered , including bottles and fishing equipment and are expected to be back on land within a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. The free-floating barriers are made to survive extreme weather conditions and damage from continual use. They will stay in the water for twenty years , thus collecting 90% ofthe garbage in the area.‎ The Ocean Cleanup has received $ 35 million in donations to pay for the project, hoping to put 60 free-floating barriers in the Pacific Ocean by 2020. "It's important to turn off the taps on plastic entering the ocean, but I also think people can do more than one thing at a time to deal with this problem," Slat said.‎ ‎8. What drove Slat to invent the collector?‎ A. The interest in invention B. His failure to dive due to rubbish.‎ C. The sight oftoo many plastic bags D. His knowledge ofgarbage in the Pacific Ocean ‎9. How does the floating barrier work?‎ A. It reaches into the water to collect the plastic B. It has large containers to produce power C. 'It forms barriers to protect sea animals D. A ship drags it along in the ocean.‎ ‎10. Which does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. The support ship.‎ B. The floating barrier C. The plastic to be recycled.‎ D. The position of special devices.‎ ‎11. What is important for protecting the ocean according to Slat?‎ A. Sending more collectors into the ocean B. Inventing more ocean cleanup devices C. Stopping plastic from entering the ocean D. Banning the use ofplastic bags in boats ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于新闻，介绍一个青少年创造了海洋垃圾收集器及相关信息。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据题干的"发明这个垃圾收集器"，答案定位在第二段。该段说" The group's founder, Boyan Slat when he was on a dive and saw more plastic bags than fish",由此可知，这促使他决定清洁海洋,因此选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第三段说" Attached to it is a screening skirt that hangs three meters down in the water through the water"，这种垃圾收集器的下面部分是一个屏障，能够延伸到水下三米的地方，并且在水中移动的同时收集塑料，因此选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。从画线词所在的语境看,这里的it指前面提到的清洁系统,也就是悬浮屏障，因此选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段提到Slat说的话”It's important to turn off the taps on plastic entering the ocean, but I also think people can do more than one thing at a time to deal with this problem" ,即他认为重要的是关掉塑料进人海洋的龙头，由此推断他认为关键是不让塑料进入海洋，故选C。‎ D When people find themselves in difficult conflicts, they often turn to mediation(调解). Mediator are advised to listen attentively, avoid favoring the ideas of one party, and make both sides feel at ease. Surprisingly, new research that my colleagues and I conducted shows that, to effectively help people settle their conflicts, mediators should adopt a hostile(敌对的 ) attitude rather- than a calming one. A hostile mediator, we find, brings better results than a nice one Why would adding more negativity to an already hostile situation prove beneficial? Consider how parents typically react when they can't get their children to stop quarreling: "I don't care who started it, both of you, go to your rooms!" At first sight, a calm mediator seems likely to be more effective. But as anyone with brothers or sisters knows, parents' seemingly unsympathetic treatment ofthe situation can have an unusual effect,‎ In our research, we created situations in which pairs ofnegotiators were part ofa heated conflict.In some cases, the mediator had a "nice" approach-calm and polite. In others, he was hostile-aggressive and somewhat rude. Across different types of conflicts, we found that negotiators were more willing and able to reach an agreement in the presence of a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one.‎ The main result ofthe test is not that hostility pays off. In fact, recent research has documented the social costs of negative behavior. For example, being the target ofrude behavior reduces people's performance on a variety oftasks. Other research shows the social benefits ofpositive behavior.People are more likely to close deals ‎ and become future business partners.‎ Even with the widespread social benefits ofpositive behavior and costs ofnegative behavior, hostility can pay offin certain situations.‎ ‎12. What is the parents' settlement ofconflicts in paragraph 2?‎ A. It's calming and wise B. It's arbitrary but effective.‎ C. It's commonly adopted.‎ D. It harms family relationship ‎13. How does the author support his viewpoints?‎ A. By giving examples and experimenting.‎ B. By analyzing causes and effects.‎ C. By presenting facts.‎ D. By making comparison/‎ ‎14. Which best describes the author's attitude in the text?‎ A. Concerned. B. Doubtful.‎ C. Objective D. Positive.‎ ‎15. What could be the title ofthe text?‎ A. The Significance of Effective Mediation B. The Costs ofNegative Behavior C. The Benefits ofPositive Behavior D. The Surprising Power of Hostility ‎【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。当人们发现自己陷入困难的冲突时，他们往往求助于调解。建议调解员认真听取意见，避免偏袒一方的意见，使双方感到放心。即使积极行为有广泛的社会效益和消极行为的代价，敌意也能在某些情况下得到回报。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的" I don't care who started it both of you, go to your rooms" "parents' seemingly unsympathetic treatment of the situation can have an unusual ‎ effect. Children become more reasonable due to their unkind parents" 可知,第二段中提到的父母的方法虽然有些武断，但是对孩子之间矛盾的解决很有效，故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题题。根据第二段中的" Consider how parents typically react when they can't get their children to stop quarreling"和第三段中对所做实验的介绍可知,作者通过提供例子和做实验来证明观点，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文中作者在第二、三段讨论了调解者采取敌对态度的这种消极行为的作用和力量，同时在第四段也指出了积极行为的好处以及消极行为的代价。所以作者的态度是客观的, 故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的" A hostile mediator, we find, brings better results than a nice one" ,第二段中的”Why would adding more negativity(消极性) to an already hostile situation prove beneficial" ，第三段中的"we found that negotiators a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one"以及最后一段中的" hostility can pay off in certain situations"可知，作者主要介绍调解者采取的敌对态度的出乎意料的力量，所以The Surprising Power of Hostility 作文章的标题最佳, 故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。‎ ‎1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。‎ ‎2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。‎ ‎3.) 无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。‎ 比如小题4，根据第一段中的" A hostile mediator, we find, brings better results than a nice one" ,第二段中的”Why would adding more negativity(消极性) to an already hostile situation prove beneficial" ，第三段中的"we found that negotiators a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one"以及最后一段中的" hostility can pay off in certain situations"可知，作者主要介绍调解者采取的敌对态度的出乎意料的力量，所以The Surprising Power of Hostility 作文章的标题最佳, 故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A Housewarming Party A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person or people who bought the apartment or house or moved are the ones who throw the party.___16___It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. It is an opportunity to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.‎ It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party___17___Some common items(物品) people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and items like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like, a piece of art or a plant.___18___It is often appreciated since at a housewarming party there isn't a lot of food served, usually just appetizers or sandwiches.‎ ‎___19___The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into a new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. This isn't usual though.‎ Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually britng firewood to a new home as a gift so that the person could keep the home warm for the winter.___20___‎ A. You can also bring food or drinks to share.‎ B. Different activities are held to make guests satisfied C. There are usually no planned activities at a housewarming party.‎ D. Now most homes replace fires with central heating to keep warm.‎ E. Different people hold or attend housewarming parties for various reasons.‎ F.Some people register a list ofthings they need for their new home at local stores.‎ G. The party is an opportunity for friends and family to congratulate the person or ‎ people on the new home.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F ‎ ‎18. A 19. C ‎ ‎20. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文属于说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的概念和意义，以及人们怎么庆祝乔迁聚会。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 文章第一段介绍了"乔迁聚会"的概念及意义，空后的"It also gives people a chance to see. . . like"说明这种风俗习惯的意义，其中的"also"表明空处也是说明其意义的。故G项(这个聚会让朋友和家人有机会祝贺这个人或这些人乔迁新居)符合语境,故选G。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 该段的第一句引出该段主题，即参加这种聚会是要带礼物的，所以接下来就应该说明如何选礼物。空后一句中的items和put on a gift registry与F选项中的" register" "a list of things" 呼应, 故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据第37题的解释,这一段是介绍礼物的选择的。礼物的选择有两种方式,一是主人列出的,二是客人自己选择的。空处前一句介绍的是客人可以自行选择的礼物,A项中的also 表明客人也可以选择其他的礼物,符合上下文的逻辑。同时，下文中的" there isn't a lot of food served"说明可以带食物作为礼物的原因。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空后内容可知，本段介绍了这种聚会的活动安排,空后一句中的however说明此处存在转折关系,故C项(乔迁聚会通常没有安排好的活动)符合语境。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 该段说明了这一风俗习惯的由来。空前讲到了送木柴以供取暖,结合选项可知,D项符合语境。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。‎ 比如小题2，该段的第一句引出该段主题，即参加这种聚会是要带礼物的，所以接下来就应该说明如何选礼物。空后一句中的items和put on a gift registry与F选项中的" register" "a list of things" 呼应, 故选F。‎ 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Two years ago I was a typical girl with a rather plain life. When___21___to a local voluntary organization called "Peer-to-Peer" by a poster, I had no idea what this group was about.___22___,to learn more about it, I decided to attend a___23___, which changed my life.‎ Just like the___24___ suggests, everyone is considered a peer, including regular members and our leaders, This means we can___25___our leaders by their first names. We can also ask our leaders for help in___26___life situations, which we know they will never___27___ ! When it comes to conversations about awkward topics like love, we are____28____not to be ashamed of ourselves.‎ This organization's meetings___29___in our Iocal library. We usually gather and communicate about___30___topics concerning our society: education, equality and safety This kind of communication helps us to make the right choice and___31___0ur mind. Sometimes we've gone outside in order to participate in___32___events. One event we had,___33___, was "Give a cigarette -Take a candy" intending to___34___smoking.‎ At this organization we are friends with each other and are a___35___community. I've also gained a lot of___36___experience by communicating with people and working in the team.‎ With time going by, I have found an abundance of other___37___organizations such as "Give Good" and "Youth Initiative Center". All of them have___38___me a great chance to develop my own personality and make my life___39___. I'm sure I'll have a lot of wonderful___40___about my youth with me getting older ‎21. A. invited B. transformed C. promoted D.‎ ‎ introduced ‎22. A. Besides B. Accidentally C. Therefore D. Luckily ‎23. A. party B. meeting C. competition D. program ‎24. A. name B. poster C. organization D. aim ‎25. A. address B. assist C. inform D. avoid ‎26. A. simple B. difficult C. familiar D. similar ‎27. A. accept B. understand C. realize D. reject ‎28. A. forced B. requested C. encouraged D. reminded ‎29. A. carry on B. take place C. set down D. turn up ‎30. A. light B. rare C. hot D. plain ‎31. A. broaden B. correct C. polish D. support ‎32. A. powerful B. cheerful C. hopeful D. meaningfu ‎33. A. in short B. as usual C. for example D. in effect ‎34. A. criticize B. spread C. decrease D. ignore ‎35. A. famous B. tight C. workable D. good ‎36. A. original B. particular C. potential D. precious ‎37. A. voluntary B. individual C. professional D. social ‎38. A. cost B. guaranteed C. owed D. prepared ‎39. A. irregular B. comfortable C. unbelievable D. attractive ‎40. A. memories B. impressions C. secrets D. dreams ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于记叙文，讲述一个叫“同龄人”的志愿者组织改变了作者的生活，让其变得不可思议。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. invited邀请；B. transformed变形，转变；C. promoted促进；D.‎ ‎ introduced介绍，使初次了解。依据下文的"by a poster"'可知一幅海报让作者知道了"Peer-to-Peer"这个当地志愿者组织，因此该空用introduced"使初次了解"，故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. Besides另外；B. Accidentally意外地；C. Therefore因此；D. Luckily幸运地。上文的"I had no idea what this group was about"表明作者不了解这个志愿者组织，下文的"to learn more about it, I decided to attend life"表明前后是因果关系，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. party派对；B. meeting会议；C. competition比赛；D. program节目。依据第三段的" This organization's meetings" 可知，此处指作者参加志愿者组织的一次会议，故选B。‎ ‎24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. name名字；B. poster海报；C. organization组织；D. aim目标。依据第一段的" Peer-to-Peer" 和空后的" everyone is considered a peer"可知，此处表示正如这个志愿者组织的名字表明的那样, 这里的每个人都被认为是同龄人，因此该空用name，故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. address称呼；B. assist帮助；C. inform通知；D. avoid避免。依据本句中的"by their first names"可知, 作者他们直呼领导们的名字。address考察熟词新意，称呼某人，故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. simple简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. similar相似的。由句中的" ask our leaders for help"可知，在生活中有困难时可以向领导们求助，并且领导们从不拒绝, 因此该空用difficult，故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. accept接受；B. understand理解；C. realize意识到；D. reject拒绝。由句中的" ask our leaders for help"可知，在生活中有困难时可以向领导们求助，并且领导们从不拒绝, 故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. forced强迫；B. requested要求；C. encouraged鼓励；D.‎ ‎ reminded提醒。对于一.些话题让人尴尬的谈话,作者他们被鼓励不要觉得难为情，因此该空用encouraged，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. carry on继续，参与； B. take place发生；C. set down制定；D. turn up出现。由句意可知，志愿者组织的会议在图书馆召开，故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. light轻松的；B. rare稀少的；C. hot热门的；D. plain朴素的。下文谈到的" education, equality and safety" 是社会热门话题，因此该空用hot"热门的"，故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. broaden拓宽；B. correct修正；C. polish擦亮，润色；D. support支持。这种交流帮助作者他们作出正确的选择，开阔他们的眼界，因此该空用broaden"增长(经验、知识等)"，故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. powerful强有力的；B. cheerful欢乐的；C. hopeful满怀希望的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文提到的" Give a cigarette 一Take a candy"可知，作者参加的是一些有意义的活动，因此该空用meaningful"有意义的"，故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查介词短语词义辨析。A. in short简而言之；B. as usual像往常一样；C. for example例如；D. in effect生效。 Give a cigarette Take a candy" 是上文提到的活动中的报道，因此用for example"例如"，故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. criticize批评；B. spread传播；C. decrease减少；D. ignore忽视。依据活动的 主题" Give a cigarette 一Take a candy"可知用香烟换糖, 其目的当然是鼓励人们减少吸烟，因此用decrease"减少"，故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. famous著名的；B. tight紧张的，亲密的；C. workable可行的；D. good好的。由上文的" At this organization we are friends with each other"可知, 在这里作者他们彼此是朋友, 此处应表示他们是一个亲密的团体, 因此该空用tight"亲密的,密切的"，故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. original最初的；B. particular特别的；C. potential潜在的；D. precious宝贵的。据上下文可知，作者在这里收获颇丰，因此选precious "珍贵的"，故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. voluntary自愿的；B. individual个人的；C. professional专业的；D. social社会的。依据第段的" a local voluntary organization" 和本句中的 "other"可知，作者发现了许多其他的志愿者组织，故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. cost花费；B. guaranteed保证；C. owed欠；D. prepared准备。作者参加这些志愿者组织确保自已有发展个性的绝好机会, 因此该空用guaranteed"确保,保证"，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. irregular不规则的；B. comfortable 舒适的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. attractive有吸引力的。依据全文的感情色彩和第一段中的"which changed my life"可知，参加志愿者组织使作者的生活发生了巨大变化，因此此处指"让我的人生好得令人难以置信"，故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. memories记忆；B. impressions印象；C. secrets秘密；D. dreams梦想。作者相信随着年龄的增长，自己会有很多与青春有关的美好回忆( memories)，故选A。‎ 第II卷（非选择题，共50分 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。‎ Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation (导航) Satellite System (BDS)___41___(send) into space from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province on November 19, 2018.‎ The satellites entered the orbk___42___(safe) more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS-3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and ‎ 43rd___43___(member) of the BDS satellite family. China launched these satellites with___44___aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions___45___participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of 2018. This is a key step for BDS developing___46___a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a___47___(globe) navigation system. The positioning___48___(accurate) of the BDS-3 system has been improved to 5 meters.___49___(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough（北斗七星），the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years. The system is expected ___50___(provide) first-class servlces around the globe by the end of 2020.‎ ‎【答案】41. were sent ‎ ‎42. safely 43. members ‎ ‎44. the 45. which/that ‎ ‎46. from 47. global ‎ ‎48. accuracy ‎ ‎49. Named 50. to provide ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于新闻，介绍中国发射了北斗导航卫星系统的两颗新的卫星。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语on November 19 ,2018可知，本句要用一般过去时;send"发送"与句子主语Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation(导航) Satellite System ( BDS)是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态;且主语中心词是复数名词satellites,故谓语动词用复数形式，故用were sent。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词。本空修饰句子的谓语动词entered,故要用副词safely"安全地"。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。根据前面的"the 42nd and 43rd"可知，此处为复数概念，故用members。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。 with the aim of"目的是"为固定搭配，故用the。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考察定语从句。participate in the Belt and Road Initiative（倡议） by the end of ‎ 2018为定语从句修饰先行词countries and regions，从句缺乏主语，故用that或者which。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查介词。 根据空后" a Chinese experimental system to a regional.. navigation system"可知，此处表示”从一个中国的试验性系统到地区性导航系统再到全球导航系统"，故用from与to构成from to 从到，故用from。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词。 修饰名词navigation system应用形容词global"全球的"，故用global。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据空前的The positioning 和空后的 of可知,本空应填名词作主语，accuracy"精确性，准确性"，故用accuracy。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本空应填非谓语动词, name在此是动词，意为"给命名"，与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词Named。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。 根据sb./sth be expected to do sth."某人/某物被期望做某事"搭配可知，本空填不定式，故用to provide。‎ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Recently I sent a postcard to my sister who was living in other town. My sister didn't receive them and l was wondering why. Then one moming the postman brings a letter for me. It was from a girl who name I had never seen before.I looked the address and suddenly I realized what had happened to my sister's postcard. This girl lived ‎ in the same town and street as my sister, and in a different house.I must have written the wrongly address on the postcard. She explained in a letter that I had put my address on the card so that she decided to write to me.1 wrote back to her and quickly we became good fiiend.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文属于记叙文，讲述作者寄给姐姐明信片，结果却发现没有成功，寄错了人，最后与这个收信人成为好朋友。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查形容词。分析句子可知，another后接可数名词单数或者复数名词，other后接可数名词单数，本句中town为可数名词单数，故用another，故把other改为another。‎ 第二处：考查代词。分析句子可知，本句意思是姐姐没有收到作者寄的明信片，故用代词it，故把them改为it。‎ 第三处：考查一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，故把bring改为brought。‎ 第四处：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，who name I had never seen before为限制性定语从句修饰先行词girl，从句缺乏定语，故用关系代词whose，故把who改为whose。‎ 第五处：考查介词。look为不及物动词，后接宾语，故用介词at，故在looked后加at。‎ 第六处：考察连词。句意：这个女孩跟我姐姐住在同一个街道，但是不同的房子里。前后结构为转折，故把and改为but。‎ 第七处：考查形容词。修饰名词address用形容词wrong，故把wrongly改为wrong。‎ 第八处：考查冠词。在信中，特指作者收到的信件，故用定冠词the，把a改为the。‎ 第九处：考查连词。分析句子可知，前后句属于因果关系，故去掉that。‎ 第十处：考查名词。本句主语为复数名词we，宾语friend用复数形式，故把friend改为friends。‎ 笫二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tim的生日即将到来，你给他寄了一套关于中国春节的邮票作为生日礼物。请你用英语给他写一封邮件。‎ 要点包括： 1.祝贺生日； 2．介绍邮票内容 注意：1．词数100左右。‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Tim,‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours ,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tim,‎ Your birthday is just around the corner, so first let me wish you a happy birthday.‎ I know that you like collecting stamps from all over the world. Therefore, I've sent you a set of Chinese stamps as your birthday gift. These stamps are about how Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival, which is the most important festival for the Chinese. The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days, beginning with all family members getting together to enjoy a feast on Lunar New Year's Eve. In order to welcome ‎ the Chinese New Year, a lot of activities will take place, including those on the stamps.‎ I hope you will like the gift.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：①生日即将到来；②祝贺生日；③寄了一套关于中国春节的邮票作为生日礼物；④介绍邮票内容。‎ 第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：around the corner（即将到来），a set of Chinese stamps（一套中国邮票），celebrate the Spring Festival（庆祝春节），Lunar New Year's Eve（除夕）等。‎ 第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合书信的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。‎ 非限制性定语从句的使用These stamps are about how Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival, which is the most important festival for the Chinese.‎ 非谓语动词的使用The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days, beginning with all family members getting together to enjoy a feast on Lunar New Year's Eve.‎ ‎ ‎