2020届译林版高中英语复习选修6学案：Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou

2020届译林版高中英语复习选修6学案：Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou

Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．comedy n．　　　　　　　　　喜剧 ‎2．visual adj. 视觉的 ‎3．mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼，忧伤 ‎4．initial adj. 最初的，初始的 n. (人名的)首字母 ‎5．alongside prep.& adv. 在……旁边；与……一起 ‎6．cosy adj. 暖和舒适的，惬意的 ‎7．tease vt. 取笑；揶揄；戏弄 ‎8．polish vt. 提高；修改；润色 ‎9．dash vi. 急奔，急驰，猛冲 n. 急奔，猛冲；匆忙，仓促 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．burst vi. 猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 ‎2．guarantee vt.& n. 保证；担保 ‎3.behave vi.& vt.　表现 ‎4．attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到 ‎5．glare vi. 怒目而视；发出炫目的光 ‎6．previous adj. 先前的，以往的 ‎7．positive adj. 积极的；正面的；肯定的 ‎8．tear vt. 撕，扯 ‎9．invitation n. 邀请 ‎10．crowded adj. 拥挤的 ‎11．stage n. 舞台；阶段，时期 ‎12．affection n. 喜爱，钟爱 ‎13．style n. 风格；方式；样式 ‎14．trip vi.& vt. 绊，(使)绊倒 ‎15．negative adj. 负面的，消极的；否定的；坏的，有害的 ‎16．bow vi.& vt. 鞠躬；低头；(使)弯曲 n. 鞠躬；船头 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．variety n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→vary v．变化；改变 ‎2．perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转→performance n．表演，演出；表现，业绩→performer n．表演者；演员 ‎3．fitness n．健壮，健康；适合→fit adj.健康的；合适的v.适合 ‎4．technical adj.技术的；技能的→technically adv.技巧上地，与技术有关地→technician n．技师，技术人员→technique n．技术，技巧；技能→technology n．技术；科技 ‎5．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amusement n．消遣，娱乐，乐趣→amusing adj.有趣的；引人发笑的→amused adj.愉快的；被逗乐的 ‎6．strengthen vt.& vi.增强；巩固→strength n．力量，力气→strong adj.坚强的，强壮的 ‎7．participate vi.参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参加者，参与者 ‎8．instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知→instruction n．教授；指示，命令；说明→instructive adj.有教育意义的；有启发性的→instructor n．教练，导师 ‎9．anger n．怒，怒火，怒气→angry adj.发怒的，生气的→angrily adv.生气地，气愤地 ‎10．foolishness n．愚蠢→foolish adj.愚蠢的→fool n．傻子 vt.愚弄 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．In the live courses, students and an instructor meet in the online classrooms for instruction.(instruct)‎ ‎2．Nearly 60 participants from Beijing and neighboring areas participated in the competition last summer.(participate)‎ ‎3．There are various goods in the new supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety of them attracts many customers.(vary)‎ ‎4．Recently, Samuel, an American Jazz performer succeeded in performing at his college. The audience were impressed by his amazing performance.(perform)‎ ‎5．Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger,_because saying something angrily can make them comfortable.(anger)‎ ‎6．To the audience's amusement,_the actor's amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused.(amuse)‎ ‎7．Many technical experts at that time had doubts about the new technology of making paper.(technique)‎ ‎8．You are not strong and you'd better strengthen with rich food. Then you'll have enough strength to work.(strong)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.stand_up_for　　　　支持，维护 ‎2．a_variety_of 种种；各种各样的 ‎3．trip_over 绊倒 ‎4．make_fun_of 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 ‎5．have_affection_for 喜爱，钟爱 ‎6．come_up_with 想出；拿出 ‎7．pass_away 去世，亡故 ‎8．drive_away 赶走；驱赶 ‎9．take_on 接纳 ‎10．make_room_for 为……腾出地方 ‎11．burst_in 闯进；突然闯入 ‎12．glare_at 对……怒目而视 ‎13．hold_out 递出；拿出；伸出 ‎14．later_on 后来，过后 ‎15．make_up 组成；编造；化妆；弥补 ‎16．depend_on 依靠，依赖 ‎17．be_popular_with 受……欢迎 ‎1.Try as he might, he could not come_up_with an idea for his mother's Christmas gift.‎ ‎2．His image is still fresh in my mind though my grandfather passed_away ten years ago.‎ ‎3．People like to make_fun_of each other on April Fool's Day.‎ ‎4．These charities depend_on the compassionate feelings and generosity of the general public. ‎ ‎5．He looked at me with a smile, held_out his right hand and was ready to shake hands with me.‎ ‎6．The father glared_at the naughty boy and scolded him for his behaviour.‎ ‎7．It's polite for the youth to make_room_for the old in the bus.‎ ‎8．The bus pulled up by the roadside to take_on more passengers.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.Which of the events above do you think might be the funniest?‎ 你认为上面这些事件中哪一件是最有趣的？‎ 特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分？‎ 你认为她可能会出什么事？‎ What_do_you_think might have happened to her？‎ ‎2.One such person is Billy Crystal.‎ 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。‎ 数词或不定代词(no/some/any ...)＋ such＋名词。 ‎ ‎(2015·北京高考)但是记住这一点很有用：所有这些变化都来自科技。‎ But it is useful to bear in mind that all_such_changes ‎ come from the technology.‎ ‎3.It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films!‎ 他从无声电影起步似乎是恰当的！‎ It seems ... that ...意为“……似乎/好像……”。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。 ‎ 网上购物似乎更方便。‎ It_seems_more_convenient_that we purchase online.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．variety n．[C]品种，(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式； [U]变化，多样化 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As we can see, the prices of vegetables vary with the season.‎ ‎②We may have various (vary) ways to deal with such a situation.‎ ‎③The two pairs of clothes vary in price.‎ 完成句子 ‎④House prices vary_from_place_to_place and are usually high where there are famous schools.‎ 各个地方的房价都不同，在有名校的地方房价通常很高。‎ ‎⑤With the help of this technique, providing various/a_variety_of/varieties_of suggestions on appropriate ways of exercise for examinees becomes much easier.‎ 在这种技术的帮助下，给检查者提供各种合适的锻炼方式的建议变得容易多了。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)a variety of ＝ varieties of 种种，各种各样的，各种不同的 the variety of ……的品种 ‎(2)various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 ‎(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变更；变化；不同 vary with ... 随着……而变化 vary in 在……方面不同/有差异 vary from ... to ... 由……到……情况不等 ‎[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎ ‎⑥The variety of foods at the restaurant are limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large.are→is 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2012·辽宁高考书面表达)这些书有很多优点。 其中之一是我们可以从中找到各种话题，例如科学、文化和历史。‎ These books have many advantages. One of them is that we can find a variety of topics, such as science, culture and history.‎ ‎[名师指津]　a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the variety of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎2．behave vi.& vt.表现 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 用behave的适当形式填空/单句改错 ‎①The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of the class.‎ ‎②Mom disliked it when I behaved bad in front of the guests. bad→badly 完成句子 ‎③Behave_yourself (规矩点). You should be setting your little sister a good example. ‎ ‎④Parents should educate their children to behave_well (行为规矩). ‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)behave well/badly　 行为规矩/不规矩；表现好/不好 behave oneself　　　　　　　　　 守规矩；表现得体 wellbehaved/badlybehaved adj. 表现好/差的 ‎(2)behaviour n. 举止；行为 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤They were expected to behave oneselves.oneselves→themselves 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2011·浙江高考书面表达)同时，应鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，举止更加得体。‎ At_the_same_time,_students_should_be_encouraged_to_develop_good_habits_and_better_behave_themselves.‎ ‎3．perform vt.& vi.履行，做；表演，演出；表现；运转，工作 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中perform的含义 ‎①Although she had never been interviewed on TV before, she performed well.表现 ‎②Irene is so incredibly musical and has a natural instinct to perform.表演 ‎③An engine has many parts, each performing a different function.执行 ‎④“Stateowned industries will always perform poorly，” John Moore informed readers.运转，运行 完成句子 ‎⑤You'd better perform_your_promise (履行承诺) that you will finish your task on time.‎ ‎⑥The doctor is going to set out to_perform_the_operation (做手术), so please keep quiet.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)perform one's duty/promise 履行职责/诺言 perform an experiment/operation　 做实验/手术 ‎(2)performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行 give/put on a performance 演出；表演 performer n. 执行者；表演者，演奏者 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑦On National Day, our class put on wonderful performance.第二个on后加a 佳句时时写 ‎⑧(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)此外，那里有著名的艺术家将现场表演如何剪纸。‎ In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot.‎ ‎4．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused with/by her stories.‎ ‎②We were amused to_learn (learn) that he had made a foolish mistake.‎ 完成句子 ‎③Parks provide people with a place to amuse_themselves (自娱自乐)．‎ ‎④To_my_great_amusement (使我感到极其好笑的是), his false beard fell off.‎ ‎　‎ ‎[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)amuse sb. by/with ...　　 用……逗某人开心 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 ‎(2)amused adj. 被逗笑的，愉快的 be amused at/by 被……逗乐，以……为乐 be amused to do ... 觉得做……好笑 amusing adj. 有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的 ‎(3)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐 to one's amusement 令某人开心的是 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎ ‎⑤However amused the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.amused→amusing 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)根据消费排名，我买了心爱的背包，看了好玩的电影，品尝了美味的食物。‎ Based_on_the_ratings,_I_bought_my_beloved_backpack,_saw_amusing_films_and_tasted_delicious_foods.‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示“使欢乐，使娱乐”的词还有entertain, excite, delight, fascinate, please等。‎ ‎5．participate vi.参加，参与 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.‎ ‎②The participants (participate) are required to perform English programmes in ten minutes.‎ ‎③Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation (participate) rules for people to obey.‎ 句型转换 ‎④Everyone in the class is expected to take an active part in these discussions. ‎ ‎→Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤You should participate_with_your_friend_in his sufferings.‎ 你应当分担朋友的苦恼。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)participate in　　　　　　　 参加 participate in sth. with sb. 和某人一起参与某事 ‎(2)participant n. 参加者，共享者 participation n. 参与；分担；共享 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The students wondered what extracurricular (课外的) activities to participate this year.participate后加in 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2016·天津高考书面表达)按计划，我们参加了几项有教育意义的活动。‎ As_scheduled,_we_participated_in_several_instructive_activities. ‎ ‎6．guarantee vt.& n．保证；担保 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I guarantee to_pay (pay) off my debts on time, no matter what happens.‎ ‎②The fridge is_guaranteed (guarantee) for three years and it is under guarantee now.‎ 完成句子/一句多译 ‎③Going out with friends is_guaranteed_to_cheer_you_up (肯定会让你振作起来)．‎ 你能向我保证按时完工吗？‎ ‎④Can you guarantee_to_me that the work will be finished on time？(guarantee v．)‎ ‎⑤Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on time？(guarantee n．)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)guarantee to do sth.　　　　　　 保证做某事 guarantee sb. sth.‎ ‎＝guarantee sth. to sb. 保证某人得到某物 guarantee that ... 保证……‎ be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事 ‎(2)give sb. a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺 under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥If I borrow ＄10,000 from the bank, will you be my guarantee？担保人 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2015·四川高考书面表达)我保证它能够显著提高你对外语的信心。‎ I_guarantee_it_will_be_able_to_give_you_a_significant_increase_in_your_confidence_in_a_foreign_language.‎ ‎[名师指津]　“保证某人做某事”不能用guarantee sb. to do ...，只能用guarantee to do ... 或guarantee that ...。‎ ‎7．instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I believe, under the instruction (instruct) of their father, the children must be very sensible.‎ ‎②The students need a teacher to instruct them to_paint (paint)．‎ ‎③It is the most instructive (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The technical school will need an additional teacher to instruct the students in cooking.‎ 这所技术学校需要增加一名教员来向学生传授烹调技术。‎ ‎⑤Take your time; don't cut corners and follow_instructions to the letter.‎ 慢慢来，不要图省事，要严格按照说明去做。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)instruct sb.to do sth.　　 指导/指示某人做某事 instruct sb.in sth. 指导某人某事 ‎(2)instruction n. [C](常用复数)命令，指示；‎ ‎ (复数)说明书，使用指南；[U]指导 obey/follow instructions 遵从指令/指示；按照说明 ‎(3)instructive adj. 有教育意义的，有启发性的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The general instructed that all the soldiers must arrive at the front before dark.must→should或去掉must 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这部电影被认为具有指导意义并且充满情感。‎ The_film_is_believed_to_be_instructive_and_full_of_emotion.‎ ‎[名师指津]　instruct作“命令”讲，后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。‎ ‎8．burst (burst, burst) vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He almost burst with pride when his son began to excel at football.‎ ‎②A burst of clapping followed the ending of the song.‎ ‎③He was just about to leave when someone burst into his room.‎ ‎④Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.‎ 一句多译 看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然大哭起来。‎ ‎⑤Seeing her classmates burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_out_crying.(burst out)‎ ‎⑥Seeing her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears.(burst into)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)burst in/into　　　　　　　　 闯入/破门而入……‎ ‎(2)burst out 突然迸发；爆发 突然哭起来/笑起来 burst with (anger/joy) 充满，满怀(愤怒/喜悦)‎ ‎(3)a burst of 一阵……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(burst in/burst into)‎ ‎⑦The police burst_in and arrested the thief.‎ ‎⑧She burst_into tears and ran from the kitchen.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑨(2013·湖北高考书面表达)听到这个，全班同学哄堂大笑，我同桌的脸变红了。‎ Hearing_this,_the_whole_class_burst_into_laughter_and_my_deskmate's_face_turned_red.‎ ‎[名师指津]　burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst into后接宾语。‎ ‎1．come up with 提出，想出；拿出(钱款)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ keep up with　　　　　 与……同步，跟上(强调状态)‎ catch up with 跟上(强调动作)‎ put up with 忍耐，忍受；熬过 end up with 以……结束 ‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①Specialists can come_up_with new ways to solve the problem of air pollution.‎ ‎②Commercial advertisement is one of the things we have to put_up_with when watching TV.‎ ‎③The world has been developing very fast, and every country must keep_up_with the time.‎ ‎④Without your help, the experiment will end_up_with failure.‎ ‎⑤After being out of school so long, she had to work hard in order to catch_up_with the others.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们班想出了一个办法来更好地利用二手材料。‎ Our_class_came_up_with_an_idea_to_make_better_use_of_used_materials.‎ ‎[名师指津]　come up with意为“提出”，主语(多是人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容；come up意为“被提出”，其主语(多是物)是被提出的内容，无被动语态。‎ ‎2．hold out 递出；拿出；伸出；坚持；维持；坚守，守住 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ hold back　　　 隐瞒；退缩；阻止，抑制 hold on 别挂断；等一等；坚持 hold on to 坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住 hold up 举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①He walked to her and held_out a small bunch of wild flowers.‎ ‎②He has determined to hold_on this job whatever difficulties he might run into.‎ ‎③The traffic police held_up the traffic to allow the pupils to cross the road.‎ ‎④If we believed something was true, good and beautiful, we should hold_on_to it.‎ ‎⑤No one can hold_back the wheel of history.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我们在组织课堂活动时可能会有不同的意见。当我有更好的想法时，我会选择坚持。‎ We_may_have_different_opinions_in_organizing_class_activities._When_I_have_a_better_idea,_I_would_choose_to_hold_on_to_it.‎ ‎3．特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分？‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest? ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①When_do_you_suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem?‎ 你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？‎ ‎②Why_do_you_think the earth's temperature keeps rising?‎ 你认为地球的温度为什么会持续上升？‎ ‎③It is impossible, I_think,_that we should finish the job in such a short period of time.‎ 我认为在这么短的时间内我们完成这项工作是不可能的。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)do you suggest/think是插入语，能用作插入语的动词还有：hope, believe, suppose, guess, say等。常见的句型结构有：‎ ‎①特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)?‎ ‎②特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序)？(2)I think, I believe, I suppose, I guess, I imagine, I find, I say, I know等也可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。‎ 注意事项 do you suggest 作插入语时，其后的句子应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋) do”。‎ Where do you suggest we (should) put these things?‎ 你建议我们把这些物品放在什么地方？‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)How do you think I will spend my summer vacation?‎ ‎②(精彩收尾句)(2017·北京高考写作佳句)That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.‎ ‎4．数词或不定代词(no/some/any ...)＋such＋名词 ‎　[教材原句]　One such person is Billy Crystal.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①There is no_such_thing as a genius born with knowledge. ‎ 世界上不存在所谓生而知之的天才。 ‎ ‎②He is not such_a_fool_as he looks.‎ 他并不像看上去的那样蠢。‎ ‎③My younger brother is such_a_diligent_student_that he never gives up easily.‎ 我弟弟是一个如此勤奋的学生，他从不轻易放弃。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)such作形容词，意为“那样的，这样的，如此的”。当它与数词或不定代词one, no, all, some, any, few等连用时，常置于这些词之后。‎ ‎(2)such ... as ...“像……这样的……”，as在句中引导定语从句。‎ ‎(3)such＋＋that ...意为“如此……以至于”‎ 注意事项 such作代词位于句首时，句子须倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。‎ Such is our monitor, who always helps others.‎ 我们的班长就是这样一个人，他总是帮助别人。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2015·安徽高考写作佳句)I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.‎ ‎②(精彩收尾句)(2017·浙江高考写作佳句)I do hope that you could join us because Green Hill is such a fun place that we can relax and surely we will have a great time.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．I thought he always felt great affection (喜爱，钟爱) for his sister, but in fact, he disliked her.‎ ‎2．That dress is such a good style (样式，风格) that it will be fashionable for years.‎ ‎3．I can't attend her birthday party because of a previous (先前的) engagement.‎ ‎4．At every stage (时期) of life we take losses and grow in the process.‎ ‎5．The statement was carefully polished (润色) and checked before release.‎ ‎6．Most of our students attained (获得) five “A's” in the last exam.‎ ‎7．If a teacher gives the student positive (积极的) attention, the bad behaviour on him/her will disappear.‎ ‎8．Delegates from the warring sides held a new round of peace talks but went away emptyhanded (空手)．‎ ‎9．He was filled with anger (怒火) at the way he had been treated.‎ ‎10．The woman glared (怒目而视) at the man after he shouted rudely at her.‎ ‎11．Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed (保障)．‎ ‎12．With a final burst (猛冲) of speed she overtook the leading runner and won the race.‎ ‎13．They began to draw the interest of the public as they performed (表演) their exciting dance in cafes.‎ ‎14．Parents are humiliated if their children behave (表现) badly when guests are present.‎ ‎15．She's got such a negative (消极的) attitude that it's depressing to be with her.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．We guarantee to_refund (refund) your money if you're not delighted with your purchase.‎ ‎2．With my English teacher's patient instruction (instruct) and help, I made great progress in my English learning.‎ ‎3．Your behaviour (behave) does not come up to the expected standard.‎ ‎4．A close friend of mine passed away last weekend, and I went to mourn him.‎ ‎5．He wanted to satisfy himself that he had given his best performance (perform)．‎ ‎6．Each child should participate in extracurricular activities at school.‎ ‎7．The headmaster said they would strengthen (strength) the care about the students.‎ ‎8．The island offers such a wide variety (various) of scenery and wildlife.‎ ‎9．He often amuse himself (he) with his violin in his simple home at weekends.‎ ‎10．The rescue team hoped the men on the boat could hold out till they arrived.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．There are the variety of animals and plants in the world.But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.第一个the→a ‎2．You should follow the instruction while you operate the new machine.instruction→instructions ‎3．The computer is still under the guarantee, so you can return it to the shop.去掉第二个the ‎4．I didn't find the story amused; in fact, I thought it was rather boring.‎ amused→amusing ‎5．This ballet group also goes to the countryside to put performances for peasants.put后加on ‎6．We positively participated performance match last month.participated后加in ‎7．The plane was returning to the airport soon after takeoff when it burst out flames.out→into ‎8．I turned around and glared the person who was speaking loudly.glared后加at ‎9．The whole village moved away to make a room for the construction.去掉a ‎10．He is so a welleducated professor that every one of us respects him.so→such Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the goods will be delivered before Friday?‎ 你能给我保证这批货可以在星期五之前交货吗？‎ ‎2．We must dare to stand_up_for the truth and dare to correct mistakes.‎ 我们必须要勇于维护真理并纠正错误。‎ ‎3．When people told him the sad news, he_burst_out_crying/burst_into_tears.‎ 当人们告诉他这个不幸的消息时，他突然大哭起来。‎ ‎4．What_do_you_think lead him to make such great progress in such a short time?‎ 你认为什么使他在如此短的时间内取得了这么大的进步？‎ ‎5．There_is_no_such_thing as free lunch in the world.‎ 世界上没有免费的午餐。‎ ‎6．It_seems_that green living is surprisingly easy and affordable.‎ 看来绿色生活是出人意料地容易和可以负担得起的。‎ ‎7．It took a lot of imagination to come_up_with_such_an_ingenious_plan.‎ 想出如此巧妙的方案需要极大的想象力。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“喜剧”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——喜剧 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①character　　②dialogue　　 ③director　　④comedy ‎⑤choose ⑥laugh ⑦shine ⑧artistic ‎⑨excellent ⑩applaud ⑪nervous ⑫amuse ‎⑬vivid ⑭humorous ⑮attractive ⑯confident ‎⑰audience ⑱theatre ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①cast n．全体演员　　　　　　 ②lines n．台词 ‎③playwright n．编剧，剧作家 ④scene n．场景 ‎⑤script n．剧本 ⑥conductor n．乐队指挥 ‎⑦opera n．歌剧 ⑧style n．风格 ‎⑨naturally adv.自然地 ⑩works n．作品 ‎⑪signature n．签名 ⑫uniquely adv.独特地 ‎⑬abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 ⑭extraordinary adj.非凡的 ‎⑮magnificent adj.壮观的 ⑯relaxed adj.放松的 ‎⑰splendid adj.辉煌的；壮丽的 ⑱infect v．感染 ‎⑲compete v．竞争 ⑳challenging adj.挑战性的 comforting adj.安慰的；令人欣慰的 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①be popular with　　　　　 受……欢迎 ‎②be different from 不同于 ‎③have no ear for comedy 对喜剧没有鉴赏力 ‎④play a role/part in 在……扮演角色 ‎⑤be of importance 重要的 ‎⑥give sb.a smile 给某人一个微笑 ‎⑦think highly of 高度评价 ‎⑧be of great help 很有帮助 ‎⑨show up 出现 ‎⑩be on show 上演 ‎⑪appeal to 吸引 ‎⑫be faced with 面对；面临 ‎⑬adapt from 根据……改编 ‎⑭come into being 产生，形成 ‎⑮the universal language 通用语言 ‎⑯find out 弄清楚 ‎⑰be worried about 担心 ‎⑱stay healthy 保持健康 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①In general, I prefer a comedy to a tragedy.‎ ‎②Comedy has always fascinated us in the way that it communicates.‎ ‎③As a kind of TV entertaining program, comic sketch is one of the major forms in the modern Chinese comic art.‎ ‎④Some classical works not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 ‎(2010·湖北高考)请你根据以下提示，结合生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈微笑的作用。‎ The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile.A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can open doors and tear down walls.‎ 注意：1.无须写标题；‎ ‎2．内容只需涉及一个方面；‎ ‎3．词数为100左右。‎ ‎　　　‎ ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 nervous, find, difficult, follow, speak, totally, be different from, take lessons, read ...aloud, come to, listen to, give sb.a smile, shine, volunteer to do, take charge of, because of, confident　　‎ ‎1．我还记得第一天时我是多么的紧张。‎ I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day.‎ ‎2．我发现很难跟上老师。‎ I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher.‎ ‎3．老师讲英语。‎ The_teacher_spoke_English.‎ ‎4．这完全不同于我以前上过的课。‎ This_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.‎ ‎5．早自习时我正在大声读课文。 ‎ I_was_reading_the_text_aloud_in_the_morning_class.‎ ‎6．英语老师走到我身边。‎ The_English_teacher_came_to_me.‎ ‎7．她听了一会了后，给了我一个微笑，并说她喜欢我的声音。‎ After_listening_to_me_for_a_while,_she_gave_me_a_smile_and_said_she_liked_my_voice.‎ ‎8．那个微笑照亮了那一整天以及随后的日子。‎ That_smile_shone_on_the_whole_day_and_the_following_days.‎ ‎9．我自愿当英语课代表。‎ I_volunteered_to_take_charge_of_English_study_in_my_class.‎ ‎10．因为这个笑容，我开始自信起来。‎ Because_of_the_smile,_I_began_to_be_confident.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎11．在句1中加入状语“三年前”“在新学校”。‎ I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day_in_the_new_school_three_years_ago.‎ ‎12．在句2中加入状语“在第一节英语课上”。‎ I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class.‎ ‎13．在句3中加入状语“整节课”。‎ The_teacher_spoke_English_throughout_the_class.‎ ‎14．在句5中加入状语从句“像其他学生那样”。‎ I_was_reading_the_text_aloud_as_other_students_in_the_morning_class.‎ ‎15．在句7中加入修饰语“大大的”“非常”。‎ After_listening_to_me_for_a_while,_she_gave_me_a_big_smile_and_said_she_liked_my_voice_very_much.‎ ‎16．在句10中加入修饰语“安慰的”“在我的第一节早读课”。‎ Because_of_the_comforting_smile_in_my_first_morning_class,_I_began_to_be_confident.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎17．用非限制性定语从句合并句11和句12。‎ I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day_in_the_new_school_three_years_ago,_when_I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class.‎ ‎18．用非限制性定语从句合并句13和句4。‎ The_teacher_spoke_English_throughout_the_class,_which_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.‎ ‎19．用while引导的时间状语从句合并句6和句14。‎ The_English_teacher_came_to_me_while_I_was_reading_the_text_aloud_as_other_students_in_the_morning_class.‎ ‎20．用高级词汇thanks_to升格句16中的because of。‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 用时间线索词the next day， a week later及all in all等词汇连句成文 I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day_in_the_new_school_three_years_ago,_when_I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class.The_teacher_spoke_English_throughout_the_class,_which_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.‎ The_next_day,_the_English_teacher_came_to_me_while_I_was_reading_the_text_aloud_as_other_students_in_the_morning_class.After_listening_to_me_for_a_while,_she_gave_me_a_big_smile_and_said_she_liked_my_voice_very_much.That_smile_shone_on_the_whole_day_and_the_following_days.A_week_later,_I_volunteered_to_take_charge_of_English_study_in_my_class.‎ All_in_all,_thanks_to_the_comforting_smile_in_my_first_morning_class,_I_began_to_be_confident.‎ Ⅰ.根据提示填空 The firstever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego.The contest requires the ❶chosen (choose) laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has the most ❷attractive (attract) laugh.Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people ❸competing (compete) in the contest.He is hoping to be a ❹winner (win) of the title of top laugher.The contest includes the belly laugh (捧腹大笑), the crazy laugh and the diabolical (魔鬼般的) laugh.The last one is the most ❺challenging (challenge), according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is ❻to_make (make) the audience laugh with your laugh. “The solo (单人表演的) laughing requires a good voice.However, the other laugh ❼styles (风格) require someone to get the audience ❽laughing (laugh); a good diabolical laugh ‎ requires the laugher to ❾infect (使感染) himself and start laughing naturally (nature)，” he explained, “The person who wins isn't always the best, but the top three people are always the best.” he added.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 stay healthy， the universal language， start， adult， find out， be worried about， relax， work， feel happy， nervous ‎ Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world — just to ❶stay_healthy.‎ The first Laughter Club ❷was_started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr Madan Kataria. “Young children laugh about 300 times a day.❸Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day，” says Dr Kataria. “Everyone's naturally good at laughing — it's ❹the_universal_language.We want people to ❺feel_happy with their lives.” There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide.‎ So, what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to ❻find_out.I was quite ❼nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest — I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I ❽was_worried_about looking stupid.Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha，” while looking at each other.‎ Surprisingly, it ❾works! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real — and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed and comfortable I felt.So if you're under stress, then start laughing.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.‎ ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.‎ ‎3．(2016·浙江高考)Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best performance (perform) to this day.‎ ‎4．(2016·浙江高考)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry ‎ tears (tear), none of which has been proved.‎ ‎5．(2016·江苏高考)If it had not been for his invitation (invite) the other day, I should not be here now.‎ ‎6．(2015·浙江高考)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 variety, perform, tear, participate in, instruction, anger, come up with, hold out, crowded　　‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club __47__ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me.____________‎ ‎2．(2014·江西高考)“I'm never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum？”James asked sadly, almost in __39__.____________‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北高考)The park was __36__， so it took us some time to find an available site.____________‎ ‎4．(2013·陕西高考)Then I closed my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of __34__.Instead, he said “It's OK” to comfort me before he disappeared into the washroom.____________‎ ‎5．(2012·福建高考)One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur.I stated my destination.The driver acknowledged my __48__ but did not move off.Instead, he looked fixedly at me.____________‎ ‎6．(2010·天津高考)“Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer (同龄人) pressures in high school，” says Michelle, 17, who __32__ the first program.“And I was able to help my little brother avoid drugs.”____________‎ ‎7．(2010·浙江高考)So I __31__ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help.We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party.____________‎ ‎8．(2009·天津高考)Then one day the mystery was solved.As I approached the school he was standing in the middle of the road __24__ his stop sign.I was in line behind four cars.____________‎ ‎9．(2009·北京高考)That was the beginning of James's oddjob (零工) business.For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework.He was amazed by the __46__ of jobs that people found for him to do.____________‎ 答案：1.performed　2.tears　3.crowded　4.anger ‎5．instructions　6.participated in　7.came up with ‎8．holding out　9.variety 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：喜剧是戏剧的一种类型，以夸张的手法、诙谐的台词在带给人们笑声与快乐的同时，引发人们对现实生活的思考，对美好事物的向往。喜剧故事、喜剧人物以及喜剧背景的产生都可作为高考阅读选材的来源。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.‎ National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese This great occasion (盛会) will be the National Theatre of China's first visit to the UK. The company's productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.‎ Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April, 1.30pm & 6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre　Tbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed (指导) by the company's Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.‎ Date & Time: Friday 18 May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19 May, 7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre　London|British Sign Language (BSL)‎ By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.‎ Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May, 7.30pm Habima National Theatre　Tel Aviv|Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrewlanguage theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了全球的艺术家将聚集到一起用他们自己的语言表演莎士比亚的戏剧的相关内容。‎ ‎21．Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?‎ A．Richard Ⅲ.　　　　　 B．Love's Labour's Lost.‎ C．As You Like It. D．The Merchant of Venice.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据题干中的“the National Theatre of China”可将答案定位于National Theatre of China部分，由此部分中的“Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ”可知，选A项。‎ ‎22．What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?‎ A．It has two groups of actors.‎ B．It is the leading theatre in London.‎ C．It performs plays in BSL.‎ D．It is good at producing comedies.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据Deafinitely Theatre部分中的“By translating ...into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy”可知，Deafinitely Theatre的特别之处就是使用BSL表演戏剧，创造出了一种对莎士比亚喜剧的新的诠释。故选C项。‎ ‎23．When can you see a play in Hebrew?‎ A．On Saturday 28 April. B．On Sunday 29 April.‎ C．On Tuesday 22 May. D．On Tuesday 29 May.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据题干中的“Hebrew”可将该题答案定位在最后一部分中。根据最后一部分中的“Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm”可知，该题应选D项。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 抓住5大特点，全取应用文体 应用文是指通知、布告、公告、海报、广告等。这类文章中可能有个别较难的词，省略句式较多，句子不易理解。但设题一般是直接信息题，文难题易，主要考查考生的“查读(scanning)” 能力。‎ 其文体特点主要有以下5方面：‎ ‎(1)选材特点：信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最短的篇幅表达最大量的信息。‎ ‎(2)内容特点：生活化、实用化、多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启事、招生招聘等。‎ ‎(3)形式特点：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各种符号使文章结构更鲜明。‎ ‎(4)语言特点：人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。‎ ‎(5)命题特点：主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。‎ 本文一共有4处小标题，做题前先浏览一遍首句和加黑的小标题，然后阅读题目，根据题干中的关键词定位不同的小标题，有选择地去对应标题下找答案，不必进行全文阅读。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Theaters of the Past The Greek Theater Theaters developed in many parts of Greece.Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural openair sites on conveniently shaped hills.This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time.Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech.And colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.‎ The Medieval Theater The Medieval theater started in churches.That's why medieval plays were about Bible stories.At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter.These acts attracted large crowds.Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside.Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.‎ The Elizabethan Theater The England's theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Armada.The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage.It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes.The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play.Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues.This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.‎ The Restoration Theater Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny.Many specialized machines were used to create the scene.The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了几家过去的剧院。‎ ‎1．Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?‎ A．To hold a large audience.‎ B．To build a big and strong stage.‎ C．To have a better sound effect.‎ D．To emphasize exaggerated performances.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time”可知，希腊剧院依山而建是为了可以容纳大量的观众，故选A。‎ ‎2．In which theater could actors' voices and speeches help create scenes?‎ A．The Greek Theater. B．The Medieval Theater.‎ C．The Elizabethan Theater. D．The Restoration Theater.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues”可知，在伊丽莎白一世时代的剧院里，演员们必须运用声音和对白才能够创造场景，故选C。‎ ‎3．What is special about the Restoration Theater?‎ A．Colorful masks were used.‎ B．The stage was smartly designed.‎ C．Most of its plays were sorrowful.‎ D．Ordinary people were the performers.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院的特别之处在于其巧妙的舞台设计，故选B。‎ B ‎(2019·湖北八校联考)Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.‎ The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to live during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.‎ As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt (沥青). It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma (哮喘) and other breathing problems.‎ Of course, L．A. will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops — at least ‎ those not already covered in solar panels. While L. A. is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees. L．A. is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.‎ ‎“This is an urgent challenge, and it's much bigger than one person，”said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement.“Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洛杉矶采取的降温方法，除了种植树木外，更主要的是将道路漆成灰白色、将房顶漆成白色，这些措施有效而环保，不仅降低了降温成本，还改善了空气质量，降低了哮喘等呼吸性疾病的发病率。‎ ‎4．Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?‎ A．Planting more trees in the streets.‎ B．Covering the streets with gray paint.‎ C．Applying reflective paint to rooftops.‎ D．Furnishing every house with air conditioners.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“air conditioning sends power bills soaring”可推知，夏天人们大量使用空调；又根据常识可知，空调外机的运行会导致气温上升，从而导致热岛效应，故D项符合题意。‎ ‎5．What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer?‎ A．How to make the city cooler.‎ B．Where to wear a white shirt.‎ C．Why to coat the roads with black paint.‎ D．When to cut off the electricity supply.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler”可知，为了保护人们的身体健康，在炎热的夏季，城市的官员们着重考虑如何降低城市的温度，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?‎ A．Increasing the indoor activities.‎ B．Promoting the sale of air conditioners.‎ C．Making life easier and more comfortable.‎ D．Reducing the number of cold days.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段，尤其是该段第二、三句可知，使用CoolSeal不仅有助于降低温度，还能在夏季节省空调开支和改善空气质量从而让人们过得更舒适，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．L.A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat.‎ B．L.A. calls on people to fight against global warming.‎ C．More and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets.‎ D．L.A.is painting its streets gray to keep the city cool.‎ 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了洛杉矶为了降低城市气温，除了种植树木外，还将道路漆成灰白色，并将房顶漆成白色，这些措施有效而且环保，不仅降低了降温成本，还改善了空气质量，降低了哮喘等呼吸性疾病的发病率。据此可知，D项最能概括文意。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2019·福州质检)Growing up, I always hid my thumbs (拇指) in my fists because of their unusual shape. __1__ they do look more like big toes (脚趾) __2__ thumbs. And from an early age, my thumbs __3__ another name “toe thumbs”．‎ In high school, I served as a cashier in a grocery store. One day, I was __4__ the bill of a sweet little old lady and as I __5__ her change back to her, she suddenly took my hands and said in a thick Polish __6__， “You are Polish! Look at those __7__ Polish thumbs! They match mine！” She raised her hands and __8__ her thumbs to me that __9__ weathered and wrinkled, looked exactly like mine! She __10__ my hands again and said, “Be __11__ of those thumbs！”‎ I'll never forget that 30second __12__ with a stranger that forever __13__ my view of a part of me I once was __14__ at and now accept. As I was eating dinner with my son, Samuel, that night, he looked down at my hand __15__ on the table next to his and said, “Mommy! Our thumbs __16__！” I smiled and answered, “Yes, they do, buddy! Those are strong Polish __17__ you have! Take pride in them! Maybe someday you'll have a little boy or girl who will have the same thumbs！” I __18__ my son never hides his thumbs like I did. I hope he'll be proud of their “unusualness” and the __19__ behind them. He inherits a(n) __20__ part from me and that for me will always be beautiful!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位好心的老太太促使“我”勇于面对自己异常的大拇指，建立自己“独特”的自尊、自爱和自豪感的故事。‎ ‎1．A.Fortunately B．Admittedly C．Normally D．Basically 解析：选B　不可否认，它们的确看起来更像大脚趾，而不是大拇指。fortunately“幸运地”；admittedly“诚然，不可否认地”；normally“正常地”；basically“基本地，本质上”。‎ ‎2．A.other than B．due to C．instead of D．along with 解析：选C　参见上题解析。instead of“代替……，而不是……”符合语境。other than“除了……以外”；due to “由于……，因为……”；along with“与……一起，与……同样地”。‎ ‎3．A.earned B．cloned C．found D．deserved 解析：选A　根据前一句中的“they do look more like big toes (脚趾)”可知，“我”的大拇指赢得了另外一个名字“toe thumbs”。earn“赚得，挣得，赢得”；clone“克隆”；deserve“应得，应受到”。‎ ‎4．A.checking out B．hunting for C．talking with D．watching over 解析：选A　一天，“我”正在核实一位和蔼可亲的、身材娇小的老太太的账单。check out“检查，核实”；watch over“照管，监督”。‎ ‎5．A.paid B．charged C．donated D．counted 解析：选D　正当“我”数好零钱给她的时候，她突然抓住“我”的手。charge“收费，要价”；donate“捐赠，捐献”；count“数数”。‎ ‎6．A.tune B．voice C．language D．accent 解析：选D　她用浓重的波兰口音说：“你是波兰人。”accent“口音”符合语境。tune“曲调，调子”；voice“声音，嗓音”；language“语言”。‎ ‎7．A.beautiful B．strange C．long D．clumsy 解析：选A　根据下文可知，老太太是在赞美这些独特的大拇指，且文章最后一句出现了beautiful，故此处选beautiful。clumsy“笨拙的，不灵活的”。‎ ‎8．A.passed B．showed C．recommended D．offered 解析：选B　她举起她的手，把她的大拇指给“我”看。show“给……看”；recommend“建议，推荐”。‎ ‎9．A.till B．unless C．although D．once 解析：选C　尽管她的大拇指历经岁月风霜，皱纹斑斑，但是它们看起来和“我”的完全一样。根据语境，此处应为although引导的让步状语从句，在although与weathered之间省略了“her thumbs were”。‎ ‎10．A.raised B．inspected C．examined D．held 解析：选D　根据上文中的“she suddenly took my hands”和空处后面的“my hands again”可知，她又一次抓住“我”的手，故选held。raise“举起，抬起”；inspect“视察，检查”；examine“检查”。‎ ‎11．A.proud B．skeptical C．afraid D．sure 解析：选A　根据下文中的“Take pride in them”和“be proud of”可知，此处应选proud, be proud of“对……感到骄傲/自豪”。skeptical“怀疑的”。‎ ‎12．A.appointment B．bargain C．conversation D．deal 解析：选C　根据上文可知，“我”与这位陌生人进行了30秒的交谈。conversation“交谈”符合语境。appointment“约会”；bargain“讨价还价”；deal“交易”。‎ ‎13．A.supported B．changed C．proved D．hurt 解析：选B　这次交谈永远改变(changed)了“我”对自己的身体的一部分(大拇指)的看法，“我”曾经为这一部分(大拇指)感到尴尬，现在“我”接受了。support“支持”；prove“证明”；hurt“伤害”。‎ ‎14．A.amazed B．terrified C．delighted D．embarrassed 解析：选D　参见上题解析。be embarrassed at“对……感到尴尬”。amazed“惊讶的”；terrified“非常害怕的”；delighted“高兴的”。‎ ‎15．A.scratching B．resting C．knocking D．drawing 解析：选B　那天晚上当“我”和“我”的儿子Samuel一起吃饭的时候，他低头看“我”的手，“我”的手靠在桌子上，紧挨着他的手。他说：“妈咪，我们的大拇指一样。”rest“支撑，倚靠”。‎ ‎16．A.differ B．fit C．fight D．match 解析：选D　参见上题解析。且根据文章第二段中的“They match mine”可知，此处应选match“相配，相一致”。differ“有区别”；fit“适合”；fight“打斗，争吵”。‎ ‎17．A.fists B．thumbs C．toes D．hands 解析：选B　根据上下文的内容可知，此处应选thumbs。‎ ‎18．A.guarantee B．figure C．pray D．insist 解析：选C　根据语境，此处表示“我”祈祷(pray)“我”的儿子不要像“我”一样藏起他的大拇指。guarantee“保证”；figure“认为，以为”；insist“坚持认为”。‎ ‎19．A.scene B．lesson C．history D．moment 解析：选C　“我”希望他将会为他的大拇指的“独特之处”和其背后的历史(history)感到骄傲。‎ ‎20．A.unique B．elegant C．authentic D．sensitive 解析：选A　根据文章第一段第一句中的“unusual shape”和空前一句中的“unusualness”可知，他遗传了“我”身体中独特的部分，故选unique“独特的”。elegant“优雅的”；authentic“真实的”；sensitive“敏感的”。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·大同质检)No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs.Yet __1__ (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining __2__ (they)．‎ Most of the clubs work the same way.Members read the same book at the same time.Then they meet to talk about the book.Members may be friends or people __3__ live near each other.Some Americans belong to reading groups on __4__ Internet.These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read.They send electronic mails instead of gathering __5__ (discuss) books.‎ Most reading groups study books by __6__ (variety) writers.However, some groups read the work of a single writer, __7__ (usual) one that has been famous for a while.Other groups may __8__ (name) for an important person in the work of a writer, __9__ a Sherlock Holmes Club.Members of these book clubs often are experts on their __10__ (choose) reading materials.One member of a Holmes reading group, for example, can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。‎ ‎1．publishers　考查名词。此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。‎ ‎2．them　考查代词。join表示“成为……的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。‎ ‎3．who/that　考查定语从句。先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。‎ ‎4．the　考查冠词。on the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎5．to discuss　考查非谓语动词。他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎6．various　考查形容词。大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。‎ ‎7．usually　考查副词。空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。usually起强调作用，修饰代词one。‎ ‎8．be named　考查被动语态。此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。‎ ‎9．like　考查介词。其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。‎ ‎10．chosen　考查非谓语动词。这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材料方面的专家。提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填chosen。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·昆明质检)This weekend I realized a fantastic dream: I was dressed as Mickey Mouse and wander along the streets of downtown doing a random act of kindness.I was quite unsure why people would like it.But after the brief hesitation, I took a handful of “Smile” cards and candies, and then went to work.It made me delighting that people loved it! Many smiles, free hugs, and photos brought a city of stranger together.We shared a moment of cosplay and happy.I even danced with the crowd.Certain, it was an interesting experience! I would thank for those who encouraged I to experience this kind act.All the cards, candies and clothes donated by them.‎ 答案：第一句：wander→wandered 第二句：why→whether/if/how 第三句：the→a 第四句：delighting→delighted 第五句：stranger→strangers 第六句：happy→happiness 第八句：Certain→Certainly 第九句：去掉for; 第二个I→me 第十句：donated前加were