专题16 完形填空——夹叙夹议类-2019年高考英语备考艺体生百日突围系列（解析版）

专题16 完形填空——夹叙夹议类-2019年高考英语备考艺体生百日突围系列（解析版）

专题16 完形填空—夹叙夹议类 方法与技巧 （1） 考纲要求 ‎ 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最有难度的，也是最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。此类选材倾向于注重短文本身的教育意义。作者首先叙述一件事，在叙述过程中或结束后发表自己的看法或由此事引出一个深刻的社会问题。文章的显著特点是首句可能在传达一个事件信息或透视一种社会现象，而后对此进行高层次评价，或由此引发一种深层次思考，具有记叙与议论的双重性，文情并茂，发人深思。解题时，应借助上下文乃至全文的语境揣摩作者的心境，及其对各个角色、各个事件的态度。‎ （2） 命题规律 一、先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。‎ 二、作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。‎ 三、提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。‎ 夹叙夹议型完形填空的备考策略：‎ 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：‎ ‎(1)事例——观点。先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理；‎ ‎(2)观点——事例。先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明；‎ ‎(3)观点——事例——观点。提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。‎ 解题时，要做到：‎ ‎(1)读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。完形填空的首句一般不设空，是完整的一句话，信息就从这里开始，他暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确的利用首句信息对于把握文章的大意是极其重要和有效的；‎ ‎(2)感受文体风格，领会作者意图。文章的写作风格往往能表现出作者的思想倾向和情感态度，因此分析作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情，就能正确地把握反映作者思想情感的关键词。‎ 解题建议：‎ 一、抓住作者在第一句话中交代的人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点、事件的发生、发展以及最后得出的结果。‎ 二、不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，尤其要体味议论部分，因为该部分往往是文章的升华。‎ 三、要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。‎ 体验高考 ‎1.【2018·全国I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I___41___the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesn't want to___42___a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t___43___enough about free credits, news about our___44___was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster,which___45___I would be learning from one of the game's___46___.I could hardly wait to___47___him.‎ Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this___48___was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it___49___that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to___50___the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to___51___what we would learn in class to our future professions and,___52___,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that___53___and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the___54___.‎ Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he___55___me:“The absolute most important___56___that you learn when you play chess is how to make good___57___.On every single move you have to___58___a situation ,process what your opponent(对手）is doing and___59___the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my___60___as a journalist.‎ ‎41. A. put forward B. jumped at ‎ C. tried out D. turned down ‎42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay ‎43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired ‎44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor ‎ ‎45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant ‎46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest ‎47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat ‎48. A. chance B. qualification ‎ C. honor D. job ‎49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible ‎50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe ‎51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare ‎52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally ‎53. A. game B. presentation ‎ C. course D. experiment ‎54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation ‎55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised ‎56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill ‎57. A. grades B. decisions ‎ C. impressions D. comments ‎58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control ‎59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate ‎60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior ‎【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A ‎【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程——下棋及它对我生活的指导意义。‎ ‎41. 考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put forward提出；B. jumped at急于接收；C. tried out尝试；D. turned down拒绝。故选B。‎ ‎42. 考查动词辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. waste浪费；B. earn赚钱；C. save节省；D. pay付钱。故选C。‎ ‎43. 考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。A. excited激动的；兴奋的；B. worried担心的；C. moved感动的；D. tired劳累的。故选A。‎ ‎44. 考查名词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸引我。‎ A. title头衔；题目；B. competitor竞赛者；C. textbook教科书；D. instructor导师。故选D。‎ ‎45. 考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. urged督促；B. demanded要求；C. held握住；D. meant意味着。故选D。‎ ‎46. 考查词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest最快的；B. easiest最容易的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。故选C。‎ ‎47. 考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview面试；B. meet见面；C. challenge挑战；D. beat击败。故选B。‎ ‎48. 考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance机会；B. qualification合格；C. honor荣誉；D. job工作。故选D。‎ ‎49. 考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. possible可能的。故选C。‎ ‎50. 考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. skip跳跃；D. observe遵守。故选B。‎ ‎51. 考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把……运用于……‎ ‎52. 考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually最终；B. naturally自然地；C. directly直接地；D. normally正常地。故选A。‎ ‎53. 考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。A. game游戏；B. presentation介绍；陈述；C. course课程；D. experiment实验。故选C。‎ ‎54. 考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterion标准；B. classroom教室；C. department部门；系；D. situation情况。故选B。‎ ‎55. 考查动词词义辨析。和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught教；B. wrote写；C. questioned提问；D. promised承诺。故选A。‎ ‎56. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact事实；B. step步；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。故选D。‎ ‎57. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades等级；B. decisions决定；C. impressions印象；D. comments评论。故选B。‎ ‎58. 考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. control控制。故选A。‎ ‎59. 考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. announce宣布；B. signal发信号；C. block阻塞；D. evaluate评估。故选D。‎ ‎60. 考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. role角色；B. desire欲望；要求；C. concern涉及，关系到；D. behavior行为。故选A。‎ 点睛：高考复习时，注意熟词生意的短语是很重要的。本文的中的jump at意为：急于接收。此处jump是一个熟词，但这个短语的意思学生比较陌生，这样就会导致学生不知道意思而束手无策。‎ ‎2.【2018·浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much?‎ I___37___back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also ___38___a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ____39____‎ When I got into college, things ___40___ I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this ____41____ there was no sense of ____42____ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became ___43___. Once that happened, I just kept___44___my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was____45____really late at night to get my work alone.‎ One day I ____46____a former classmate of mine who was ____47____ a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was ____48____, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would ____49____ have too much time and would just do what I did back in____50____.He said that if he ____51____the job, he would lose his ____52____ to work and succeed.‎ So, try ____53____ your time with other work. This is why there is a ____54____ that if you want something done, ask a ____55____person to do it.‎ ‎36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible ‎37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect ‎38. A. watched B. loved. C. coached D. played ‎ ‎39. A.al last B. right away C. of course D. mattered ‎40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered ‎41. A. extra B .difficult. C. valuable D. limited ‎42. A. duty B. achievement C .urgency D. direction ‎ ‎43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit ‎44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling ‎45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off ‎46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired ‎47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making ‎48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding ‎49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply ‎50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business ‎51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept ‎52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way ‎53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading ‎54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact ‎55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind ‎【答案】36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B ‎【解析】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。‎ ‎36. 考查形容词。A. true真实的；B. fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D. possible可能的。句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的”，表示作者的疑问，故选D。‎ ‎37. 考查动词。A. remember记得；B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期望。此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是remember back，故选A。‎ ‎38. 考查动词。A. watched观察；B. loved热爱；C. coached训练；D. played玩。此处指自从我进行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校，表示“进行体育锻炼”是play sport，故选D。‎ ‎39. 考查固定短语。A.at last最后；B. right away立刻，马上；C. of course当然；D. mattered因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文do my school work immediately给了提示，故选B。‎ ‎40. 考查动词。A. happened发生；B. repeated重复；C. changed改变；D. mattered要紧。大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选C。‎ ‎41. 考查形容词。A. extra额外的；B .difficult.困难的；C. valuable有价值的； D. limited 有限的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选A。‎ ‎42. 考查名词。A. duty责任；B. achievement成就；C .urgency紧急；D. direction方向。大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选C。‎ ‎43. 考查名词。A. burden负担；B. relief救济；C. risk冒险；D. habit习惯。由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选D。‎ ‎44. 考查动词。A. pushing推；B. taking拿；C. setting放置；D. calling呼唤。与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选A。‎ ‎45. 考查动词短语。A. hanging out挂出，常去某处；B. staying up熬夜； C. jogging round慢跑；D. showing off炫耀。根据late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选B。‎ ‎46. 考查动词。A. met遇见；B. helped帮助；C. treated治疗；D. hired雇用。此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选A。‎ ‎47. 考查动词。A. raising举起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得。此处指经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是make money,故选D。‎ ‎48. 考查形容词。A. safe安全的；B. important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding有益的。因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选C。‎ ‎49. 考查副词。A. luckily幸运地；B. hardly几乎不；C. hopefully有希望地；D. simply简单地。朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎50. 考查名词。A. childhood童年时期；B. college大学；C. town城镇；D. business商业。他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选B。‎ ‎51. 考查动词。A. quit放弃；B. found发现； C. accepted接受； D. kept保持。如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选A。‎ ‎52. 考查名词。A. heart心脏；B. chance机会；C. drive驱动力；D. way方法。此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力”，故选C。‎ ‎53. 考查动词。A. saving节约；B. filling up装满；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易。句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选B。‎ ‎54. 考查名词。A. message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实。此处指if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选C。‎ ‎55. 考查形容词。A. careful小心的；B. busy忙碌的；C. reliable可靠的； D. kind善良的。此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选B。‎ ‎3.【2018·天津】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ___16___‎ I learned this lesson from a(n) ___17___ many years ago. I took the head ___18___job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.‎ It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the ___19___ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____20____the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't ___21___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ___22___ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____me. I had to change my ___24___about their ability and potential.‎ I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most important, I began to treat them like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and _____28_____passing and kicking the football.‎ Six months after suffering our _____29_____on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____31____for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____32____of my life！‎ From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and_____34_____them. I helped them to see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves into winners.‎ Winners are made, but born.‎ ‎16.A.luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature ‎17.A.experiment B. experience C. visit D. show ‎18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching ‎19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new ‎20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with ‎21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret ‎22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand ‎23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about ‎24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention ‎25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship ‎26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. leaners ‎27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor ‎28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced ‎29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake ‎30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend ‎31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor ‎32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers ‎33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect ‎ ‎34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed ‎35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently ‎【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的新队。作者开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作者感悟到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。‎ ‎16. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck幸运；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。‎ ‎17. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit参观；D. show展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。‎ ‎18. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。‎ ‎19. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful成功的；B. excellent杰出的；C. strong强壮的；D. new新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。‎ ‎20. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for为……欢呼；B. prepare for为……准备；C. help with 帮助某人做……；D. finish with结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。故选B。‎ ‎21. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regret后悔。根据前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。‎ ‎22. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize意识到；B. claim宣称；C. permit允许；D. demand要求。短语come to realize开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。‎ ‎23. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to对……起反应；B. looking for寻找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。‎ ‎24. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。‎ ‎25. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride自豪，自尊心；B. culture文化；C. fortune幸运；D. relationship关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。‎ ‎26. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders领导；B. partners伙伴；C. winners获胜者；D. learners学习者。根据后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。‎ ‎27. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward报酬；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor荣誉。根据That summer可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。‎ ‎28. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. considered考虑；D. practiced练习。根据上文The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game.提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。‎ ‎29. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat打败；B. decline跌落；C. accident事故；D. mistake错误。根据上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。‎ ‎30. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax放松；B. improve提高，改善；C. expand扩大；D. defend防御。根据前句we won our first game and our second可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。‎ ‎31. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame羞愧；B. burden负担；C. victory胜利；D. favor赞成。即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。‎ ‎32. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances机会；B. thrills激动；C. concerns关心；D. offers提供。根据前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。‎ ‎33. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise惊讶；B. serve服务；C. interest兴趣；D. offers 提供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。‎ ‎34. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed影响。根据I pushed可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。‎ ‎35. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly诚实地；B. individually个别地；C. calmly镇静地；D. differently不同地。根据后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。考生做题时，首先抓住文章开头的中心句，然后要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，领会作者的写作意图，注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。‎ ‎4.[2017·天津卷]‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to __16__ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of __17__ but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my __18__．‎ When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me __19__. I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this __20__ weight any more.‎ That year, I __21__ a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her __22__ story—she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25，000 for homeless children.‎ ‎__23__ by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals __24__. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50，000 __25__ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world __26__ me as the perfect solution.‎ ‎__27__ I began my own personal weight programme, I was filled with the fear that I would __28__ the same difficulties that beat me before. While the __29__ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right __30__. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began __31__ in from hundreds of people.‎ Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and __32__ meals. My fundraising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise __33__．‎ A year later, I __34__ my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! I feel that I've been given a second life ‎ to devote to something that is __35__ and enormous.‎ ‎16.A.add B. mix C. kill D. share ‎17.A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes ‎18.A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight ‎19.A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly ‎20.A.ideal B. extra C. normal D. low ‎21.A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned ‎22.A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science ‎23.A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed ‎24.A. project B. business C. system D. custom ‎25.A. in search of B.in need of C. in place of D. in support of ‎ ‎26.A.scared B. considered C. confused D. struck ‎27.A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless ‎28.A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside ‎29.A.excitment B. joy C. anger D. fear ‎30.A.row B. hall C. path D. street ‎31.A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping ‎ ‎32.A. heavy B. full C. expense D. healthy ‎ ‎33.A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly ‎ ‎34.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped ‎ ‎35.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过把减肥与为慈善事业做贡献结合在一起，成功地实现了自己的两个目标。作者以自己的减肥经历告诉我们：把减肥与一些有意义的、伟大的事情结合起来，就能取得成功。‎ ‎16. C　根据空格后的bad feelings以及“…make myself feel better…”可知作者是用吃来消除自己的不良感受，故答案为C。add增加；mix混合；kill消灭，扼杀，制止；share分享。‎ ‎17. A　根据上文中的food可知，此处指“我”尝试各种节食来减肥，但没用。‎ ‎18. D　根据作者减肥不成功以及第二段中的“…my weight problem began to…”可知“我”对自己的体重已无能为力。height高度；ability 能力；wisdom智慧； weight体重。 ‎ ‎19. C　“我”的体重问题开始严重影响“我”。temporarily 暂时地；recently 近来；seriously严重地；secretly秘密地。‎ ‎20. B　“我”肥胖，自然是有一些多余的体重了。ideal 理想的；extra多余的，额外的；normal正常的；low低的。‎ ‎21. A　根据后面的“…where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.”可知“我”参加了一个研讨会。attend参加；organize 组织；recommend 推荐；mention提及。‎ ‎22. B　根据一字线后的内容，她不但减了125磅，还为无家可归的孩子募捐，可知她是成功的，故此处是她分享了她的成功的故事。folk 人们；success成功；adventure冒险；science 科学。‎ ‎23. C　受她的故事的影响，“我”设立了一个项目。surprise 使吃惊；amuse 使娱乐；influence 影响；disturb打扰。‎ ‎24. A　根据下文的“…telling them about my project.”可知这是个项目。project工程，项目；business生意；system系统；custom风俗习惯。‎ ‎25. D　募捐的目的是支持一项运动。in search of 寻找，搜寻；in need of 需要；in place of 代替，取代；in support of 支持。‎ ‎26. D　治愈自己和治愈世人的结合作为一个完美的解决方案深深地打动了“我”。scare使害怕；consider 考虑；confuse使迷惑；strike打动。‎ ‎27. A　当“我”开始自己的项目时，“我”心中充满了恐惧。as当……时候。‎ ‎28. B　“我”担心遇到原来打败过“我”的那些相同的困难。get over克服，战胜；run into遇到；look for 寻找；put aside把……放到一边，储存。‎ ‎29. D　根据上一句中的“…the fear…”可知此处是这种“恐惧”一直在“我”脑中盘桓。‎ ‎30. C　根据后面的“I sent letters to everyone…”可知“我”沿着正确的路走着。‎ ‎31. B　根据空格后的hundreds of people可知，捐款就像洪水般涌来。‎ ‎32. D　因为减肥，自然要吃健康的食品了。healthy健康的。‎ ‎33. A　有规律地锻炼。regularly有规律地；limitlessly 无限地；suddenly突然地；randomly随意地。 ‎ ‎34. B　根据冒号后的“我”减了150磅，还募集了五万美元，可知“我”实现了自己的目标。set树立，确立；reach达到；miss错过；drop落下。‎ ‎35. C　与enormous对应的是meaningful。帮助别人是件有意义的事。stressful压力大的；painful 痛苦的；meaningful 有意义的；peaceful和平的，祥和的。‎ ‎5. [2016·全国卷Ⅱ] ‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. And they've never actually __21__ you. Everything they know about you __22__ through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. __23__ they feel they can know you __24__ from the sound of your voice. That's how powerful the __25__ is.‎ Powerful, yes, but not always __26__. For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I'd never met __27__， got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really __28__ me. I sometimes wished to __29__ another agent. ‎ One morning, I had to __30__ an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani's office __31__. The woman sitting at the desk, __32__ my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a __33__ smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the __34__ immediately. “What a wonderful lady！” I thought. ‎ Rushing out __35__ I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what's your name？” “I'm Rani，” she said. I turned around and saw a __36__ woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was __37__！ Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so __38__. ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani's __39__ —her warm smile, her nods, her “I'm here for you” __40__ —were all silent signals that didn't travel through wires. ‎ ‎21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎25. A．telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant ‎37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skilfulness ‎40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D．behaviour ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主要通过讲述作者和Rani开始时，只通过电话联系，觉得她是个冷漠的人。但是后来见面之后作者才发现Rani是一个热情的人。这说明有的时候，电话给人留下的印象并不一定是准确的。‎ ‎21．D　根据空格前面的“…formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.”和后面的“Everything they know about you…”可知，他们了解你是通过你桌子上的电话，而不是通过和你见面而留下印象。accept接受； notice注意到； hear听见；meet见面。‎ ‎22．A　根据空格前面的“Everything they know about you…”和后面的through this device可知，他们对你的了解来自这个装置。‎ ‎23．B　根据上下文的意思“虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你”可知，这里是转折的关系，因此答案为B。‎ ‎24．C　别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。此处使用just表示强调。rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经。‎ ‎25．A　根据下文的only by phone以及第一段中的信息可知，此处指电话。‎ ‎26．D　结合文章倒数第二段的“Why had I thought she was cold？”可知，作者通过讲述这个故事，说明了有的时候电话联系不太准确。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate正确无误的。‎ ‎27．A　in person亲自；by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是“我”从来没有与Rani碰过面。‎ ‎28．A　结合前面的her cold voice“她冰冷的声音”可知Rani的声音让作者感到恼怒，甚至想过要换一个代理人，这说明“我”对她的声音很反感。‎ ‎29．C　与前面的annoyed呼应，由于这个代理人的声音让作者感到恼怒，所以作者想换一个代理人。因此与find 的意义一致。‎ ‎30．D　结合空格后面的“…an immediate flight home for a family emergency.”‎ 可知，因为家庭中的紧急情况，所以作者需要预订一个航班。‎ ‎31．A　因为情况紧急，所以作者第一次来到了Rani的办公室。‎ ‎32．B　结合空格前面的“The woman sitting at the desk…”和后面的“…my madness, sympathetically jumped up.”可知，坐在桌子旁边的那位女士，看见“我”的慌张，立即站了起来。‎ ‎33．B　结合后面的“…nodded while listening patiently…”可知这位女士对待作者的态度非常友好，因此B项符合语境。shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的。‎ ‎34．C　根据上文的an immediate flight home和下文的“Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport.”可知，这位女士马上给作者打印了机票。‎ ‎35．C　根据上文的“‘What a wonderful lady！’ I thought.”可知，作者认为这位女士帮了自己大忙，因此作者非常感激这位女士。hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地。‎ ‎36．D　根据空格后面的“…woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.”中的big smile可知，Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方，是一个令人愉快的相处对象。careful细心的；serious严肃的，认真的；nervous紧张的；pleasant令人愉快的。‎ ‎37．D　现实生活中的她是如此体贴大方，而“我”之前却认为她很冷漠，甚至有了要另找代理人的想法，“我”真是无话可说。这说明在电话中得到的印象有时很不准确。‎ ‎38．B　凭借在电话里的印象“我”认为Rani很冷漠，却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此善良。‎ ‎39．C　结合后文中的her warm smile, her nods, her “I'm here for you”可知，Rani对“我”非常友好，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。forgiveness谅解；eagerness渴望； skilfulness熟练。‎ ‎40．B　Rani友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani接待“我”的友好的态度。故B项正确。explanation解释；attitude态度；concept概念；behaviour行为。‎ ‎6. [2016·全国卷Ⅲ] ‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant __21__ Miller King, who was the best __22__ at our school. ‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for __23__. ‎ Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from __24__. He looked very __25__， but he didn't cry. ‎ That season, I __26__ all of Miller's records while he __27__ the home games from the bench. We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, __28__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's __29__. ‎ One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller __30__ going over a fence—which wasn't __31__ to climb if you had both arms. I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept __32__ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I __33__ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally __34__ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did __35__. Thank you for filling in for __36__．” ‎ His words freed me from my bad __37__. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was __38__ ahead of me. I was right to have __39__ him. From that day on，I grew __40__ and a little more real.‎ ‎21. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with ‎22. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player ‎23. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure ‎24. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training ‎25. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed ‎26. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried ‎27. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched ‎28. A. and B. then C. but D. thus ‎29. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice ‎30. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost ‎31. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit ‎32. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology ‎33. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed ‎34. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe ‎35. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally ‎36. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them ‎37. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams ‎38. A. still B. also C. yet D. just ‎39. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired ‎40. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler ‎【文章大意】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了“我”十三岁时的梦想是成为校足球队明星，后来校足球队一名种子选手意外失去一只手臂，“我”因此实现了梦想后的复杂心情。‎ ‎21. B　“我”唯一的目标是要成为头号种子选手，言外之意就是要战胜或者击败现在的最优秀的选手Miller King。beat out sb意为“打败某人”。‎ ‎22. D　由后文内容可知Miller King是学校足球队最棒的队员。“我”要想成为学校足球队的明星，就必须要战胜学校里最优秀的足球队员。‎ ‎23. A　由上文“…all summer long I worked out.”可知为了实现梦想，“我”随身带着足球随时 “练习”， 故选practice。‎ ‎24. C　由上文可知，就在九月份比赛开始之前，Miller被车撞了，失去了右臂，因此“我”是在Miller从医院(hospital)回来之后去看望他的。‎ ‎25. A　 病人刚出院时面色是苍白的(pale)。‎ ‎26. B　“我”打破了Miller所保持的全部纪录。break a record意为“打破纪录”。‎ ‎27. D　由语境可知此时Miller是坐在凳子上看“我”比赛。故选watch。‎ ‎28. C　“我”虽然被命名为最有价值的队员，可是“我”常常做噩梦。由句子间的逻辑关系可知，此处是转折关系。‎ ‎29. C　梦中“我”常常因Miller的事故受到责备。此处表明“我”虽然成为校足球队的明星，可是“我”心里并不好过。如果不是Miller因意外车祸丧失了右臂，也许“我”不会有今天的成功。‎ ‎30. A　一天下午“我”在经过运动场回家时，看到Miller在翻越栅栏时被困住了。由下文“如果你有两只手臂翻越栅栏不会有困难”可知，只有一只手臂的Miller此时遇到了困难。stick意为“卡住；困住；动不了”，符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎31. B　如果用两只手臂翻越一个栅栏是不困难的。故选hard。‎ ‎32. C　句意：“我”相信“我”是这个世界上他最不想要接受帮助的人。assistance意为“帮助”。‎ ‎33. B　由“But even that challenge he accepted.”可知，“我”帮助他慢慢翻过栅栏。‎ ‎34. D　由“…move slowly over the fence(慢慢翻过栅栏)…”可知，“我们”最终安全地到了栅栏的另一边。‎ ‎35. A　由“…I was named most valuable player…”可知，Miller夸“我”这个赛季表现得好。do fine意为“做得不错”。‎ ‎36. C　 Miller本来就是学校足球队的最优秀选手，只是因为车祸而与足球失之交臂，他感谢“我”‎ 为他完成了他没有完成的心愿。这里是直接引语，故用me。‎ ‎37. D　由“…I often had crazy dreams…”可知“我”经常做噩梦，现在他的话使“我”在精神上得以解脱。‎ ‎38. A　虽然伤残了但没有被残疾打败，他依然远远地超越“我”。 用still符合语境。‎ ‎39. D　“我”对Miller这位校足球队最优秀的选手一直是崇拜的。所以这里表达的意思是：“我”钦佩他是对的。故选D项。‎ ‎40. B　通过一连串的经历“我”更加成熟，内心更加强大，即“长大了”，而不是变得“更健康”“更聪明”或“更冷酷”。故选bigger。‎ ‎7.[2016·四川卷] ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read __41__ grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her __42__. But Lainey took one look at it, __43__ her eyes, and said, “Borrrring！”‎ Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. __44__ the youngest children in the class were __45__ by the story. They __46__ with great interest, and then __47__ joined in grand conversations about Harry's adventures.‎ ‎“How can you say it's __48__？Have you read it？” asked Aunt Dede.‎ ‎“No, it's too long and it doesn't have any __49__，” complained Lainey.‎ ‎“Oh, that's where you are __50__； there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to __51__ them. It's like magic.”‎ ‎“Nice try, Aunt Dede，” Lainey replied __52__ from the back seat.‎ Another __53__ was in order. “Well, if you don't want to read it, give it __54__. Maybe your mum would __55__ hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter，__56__ were coming from the back seat: “Please read a little __57__．”‎ Lainey is an example of an __58__ reader. As shown here, Lainey can become __59__ about reading when __60__ with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.‎ ‎41．A.within B．on C．to D. above ‎42．A.daughter B．niece C. student D．friend ‎43．A.opened B．dried C．rolled D．shaded ‎44．A.Even B．Still C. Just D．Yet ‎45．A.surprised B．annoyed C. puzzled D．attracted ‎46．A.read B．told C．listened D．wrote ‎47．A.suspectedly B．anxiously C．calmly D．enthusiastically ‎48．A.amazing B．boring C．ridiculous D．humorous ‎49．A.pictures B．stories C. adventures D．conversations ‎50．A.crazy B．foolish C. wrong D．different ‎51．A.see B. match C．show D．recognize ‎52．A.sourly B．patiently C. eagerly D．shyly ‎53．A.idea B．try C．belief D．behaviour ‎54．A.away B．out C．in D．back ‎55．A.enjoy B．admit C. mind D．finish ‎56．A.decisions B. requests C．comments D．promises ‎57．A.more clearly B．longer C. louder D．more carefully ‎58．A.unpleasant B．innocent C．unwilling D．independent ‎ ‎59．A.astonished B．worried C. confused D．excited ‎60．A.presented B. concerned C．disturbed D．replaced ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文通过Aunt Dede成功引导其侄女Lainey读书的事例向读者阐明了兴趣和榜样的力量会成功引导孩子进行阅读。‎ ‎41. D　她得到很好的分数而且能够读超过她那个年级水平的书，但是她并不喜欢阅读。此处but为关键词。above在……之上。‎ ‎42. B　由第六段中“‘Nice try, Aunt Dede，’ Lainey replied…”可知，阿姨给她的侄女一本《哈利波特》作为一个惊喜。‎ ‎43. C　根据后面Lainey所说的boring一词可以判断此处为短语roll one's eyes“翻白眼”，表示“不屑一顾，不感兴趣”。‎ ‎44. A　作为老师的Dede阿姨曾向她的学生读过这本书，学生很喜欢。甚至连班上最小的孩子也被其故事所吸引。even即便，甚至。‎ ‎45. D　由下一句中with great interest可知孩子们被这个故事所吸引。 attract吸引；surprise感到惊奇；annoy使烦恼，恼怒；puzzle感到疑惑不解。 ‎ ‎46. C　他们很感兴趣地听故事。Dede为孩子们读书，孩子们听。‎ ‎47. D　听了之后，他们热情地加入到对哈利的冒险的激烈讨论中。enthusiastically热情洋溢地，起劲地；suspectedly怀疑地， 猜疑地；anxiously急切地；calmly平静地。 ‎ ‎48. B　“你怎么能说它很无趣呢？你读过吗？”此处boring为前文复现。‎ ‎49. A　“没读过，它太长了而且没有图片。”根据下文“…there are lots of pictures.”可知。‎ ‎50. C　由下文中“…‘there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures’…”可知此处表示“那就是你错误的地方”。crazy疯狂的；foolish愚蠢的；wrong错误的；different不同的。 ‎ ‎51. A　每一页都充满了图片；你只是需要读这些文字才能看见它们而已。see看到；match比得上， 配得上；show给某人看， 展示；recognize认出。 ‎ ‎52. A　根据后文可知，Lainey还是不愿意读这本书。因此Lainey没好气地在后座上回答。sourly酸酸地，没好气地，不高兴地；patiently耐心地； eagerly 急切地；shyly害羞地。‎ ‎53. B　接着(Dede阿姨)又尝试了一番。此处表示一个方法不奏效，于是尝试另一种方法。‎ ‎54. D　“如果你不想读，那把它还给我吧。”根据后文的叙述，书被交还给Dede。‎ ‎55. A　“也许你的妈妈会喜欢听这个故事的。”根据后面的叙述，Dede开始读书。enjoy喜欢；admit承认；mind介意；finish完成。‎ ‎56. B　在第一章结束之时，后座上传来了要求：“请读稍微大声一点。”此处表达Lainey要求阿姨读大声一点。decision决定； request要求； comment评价；promise发誓，誓言。‎ ‎57. C　Lainey对此感兴趣了， 因此要求阿姨声音再大一点儿。‎ ‎58. C　Lainey是一个不愿意读书的人。unwilling不愿意的，不乐意的；unpleasant让人不愉快的；innocent天真的；independent独立自主的。‎ ‎59. D　Lainey可以对读书感到很兴奋。astonished震惊的；worried焦虑的；confused困惑的；excited兴奋的。‎ ‎60. A　正如此处所展示的，Lainey可以对读书很感兴奋——当呈现给她让她感兴趣的文学话题、当她周围的人向她示范参与这个阅读过程的时候。present呈现；concern涉及；disturb打扰；replace取代。‎ ‎8. [2016·浙江卷] ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be __21__ him. I hated the place.I had never __22__ been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was __23__—almost 125 even in the ‎ shade of a cactus(仙人掌). __24__ a soul to talk to. The wind blew nonstop, and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed，were __25__ with sand, sand, sand!‎ ‎ I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was __26__ and coming back home.I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer. I __27__ be in prison! My father answered my __28__ with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my __29__—two lines that completely changed my life：‎ ‎ Two men looked out from prison bars, ‎ ‎ One saw the mud, the other saw the stars. ‎ ‎ I read those two lines __30__. I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present __31__： I would look for the stars. ‎ ‎ I made friends with the natives, and their __32__ amazed me. They gave me presents of their favourite artworks which they had __33__ to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and __34__ for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean __35__. ‎ ‎ What brought about this __36__ change in me? The desert hadn't changed, __37__ I had.I had changed my __38__. And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing __39__ of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my selfcreated prison and __40__ the stars. ‎ ‎21．A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond ‎22．A. before B. already C. then D. still ‎23．A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D．unbearable ‎24．A. Only B. Not C. Many D．Such ‎25．A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged ‎26．A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D．getting up ‎ ‎27．A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D．had better ‎28．A.request B. call C. question D．letter ‎29．A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory ‎30．A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D．now and then ‎31．A. company B. occupation C. situation D．relationship ‎32．A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D．purpose ‎33．A. refused B. failed C. managed D．happened ‎34．A. asked B. hunted C. waited D．headed ‎35．A. floor B. surface C. rock D．level ‎36．A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D．astonishing ‎37．A. as B. but C. for D．or ‎ ‎38．A. attitude B. principle C. identity D．standard ‎39．A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure ‎40．A. sought B. counted C. found D．reached ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。作者随丈夫去加利福尼亚的沙漠地带随军。地处荒漠，百无聊赖，作者感觉到了一种窒息的绝望。由此，她写信告诉父母，而父亲只回了两行字：“两个囚徒看牢外，一个看到泥巴而另一个看到满天繁星。”作者忽然茅塞顿开，原来，世界的美在于自己看待世界的态度，而不是世界本身。‎ ‎21. C　从上文提到的“I went to live there…”以及下文的“I hated the place.”可知，作者随丈夫搬去了加利福尼亚。near him表示“靠近他”。‎ ‎22. A　从上下文可知，作者非常讨厌且憎恨这个鬼地方，所以这里表示她以前从来没有这么不开心过。before意为“以前”。‎ ‎23. D　从语境和下文的almost 125等可知，这里的天气实在是太热了，以至于作者难以忍受，故用unbearable，意为“难以忍受的”。inflexible僵硬的，不可弯曲的；incomprehensible不可思议的，难以理解的；uncontrollable难以控制的。‎ ‎24. B　句意表示“甚至没有一个可以说话的人”，故用not。‎ ‎25. B　从上文提到的“风不停地刮、吃的食物和呼吸的空气中到处都是沙子”可知，此处应用“be filled with”结构，表示“充满……”。‎ ‎26. C　根据上下文可知，作者感到很难过，所以写信告诉父母，她要放弃这里，准备回家了。give up放弃；catch up赶上；keep up保持；get up起床。‎ ‎27. C　根据上下文可知，作者觉得与其生活在这里，还不如坐牢。此处would rather是固定词组，表示“宁愿”。 ought to应该；might well可能；had better最好。‎ ‎28. D　从上下文可知，作者给父母写了信，故此处指父亲回了信。故选letter。 ‎ ‎29. D　从下文可知，对于这两行回信，作者这一辈子都会牢牢记住，同时下文也多次提到这封信对作者以后人生的影响，故根据语意选memory，表示“记忆”。comparison比较；imagination想象；consideration 考虑。‎ ‎30. A　从全文可知，作者对父亲回信中的这两行字一再地读。所以根据句意可知，选over and over，表示“一再，多次”，来突出作者对它的印象深刻。‎ ‎31. C　结合上下文可知，此时作者觉得要找出当前状况中的“优点”所在——就像父亲信中所说的“星星”。所以用situation表示“现在的处境”。company陪伴，公司；occupation占据，职位；relationship关系。‎ ‎32. B　从上文可知，作者学会了与当地人交朋友，而他们的“反应”也令她很吃惊，故用reaction，表示“反应，回应”。movement活动；guidance指导；purpose目的。‎ ‎33. A　根据语境可知，当地人把一些他们拒绝出售给游客的艺术品都当作礼物送给了作者，所以选refuse。fail失败；manage掌控；happen发生。‎ ‎34. B　此处hunt for是固定词组，表示“寻找，追寻”。‎ ‎35. A　结合上一空可知，百万年前的沙漠还是海床，故选floor。‎ ‎36. D　是什么让作者产生了令人吃惊的变化呢？此处astonishing表示“令人吃惊的”。shocking令人震惊的；challenging富有挑战性的；puzzling令人困惑的。‎ ‎37. B　根据句意可知，沙漠没有改变，但作者变了，所以根据语意选but表示转折。‎ ‎38. A　从前文可知，变的不是周边的环境，而是作者的人生态度，故选attitude。principle原则；identity身份；standard标准。‎ ‎39. D　根据语意可知，作者把这次不愉快的经历变成了其人生中令人吃惊的冒险历程，所以选adventure。‎ ‎40. C　根据全文可知，最终作者从自我的牢笼里挣脱了出来，发现了那些美丽的“星星”。‎ 模拟新题精选 ‎1. 【湖南省衡阳市2019届高三第一次联考（一摸）】完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给的四个述顶(A、B、C.和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ On a dark grey morning, my mom said in a quiet voice. "Your dad and I have decided that we’re moving to Singapore.”‎ These words did not___41___much in my five-year-old brain until the day we had to___42___ and say goodbye to our close friends.‎ Normally，mom always booked our___43___together. The___44___of sitting next to a stranger was never something I had to worry about, until now. Booking it late, we weren’t given___45___when buying the seats.‎ I was____46____as I walked on the plane and down the aisle. What I saw was something ___47___to an alien ‎ to me. It was an Indian lady dressed in a traditional Sari and having a massive bindi( 额前的人工痣) between her eyebrows. But her___48___wasn’t the only thing that___49___me away. I made a_____50_____ as if I had smelt something sour.‎ My mom_____51_____walked me to the back of the plane, and_____52_____she wasn’t any different from me and I should be respectful because it was her_____53_____and religion.‎ As we got prepared to_____54_____, the lady buckled(扣住 )her seatbelt and took out a book from her bag. At that point I am_____55_____that the book was in English! After a short sleep, I_____56_____to dinner time. I got spaghetti and so did the lady sitting next to me. She was eating the same thing as me!‎ Throughout the flight, I_____57_____in my young little mind that she was just a human being like me though she looked and_____58_____differently, which provided me with a_____59_____of being a human being who_____60_____all types of lifestyles.‎ ‎41. A. expect B. register C. fail D. find ‎42. A. meet B. stay C. leave D. settle ‎43. A. flights B. seats C. rooms D. tables ‎44. A. joy B. dream C. terror D. opinion ‎45. A. preference B. promise C. attention D. sympathy ‎46. A. ashamed B. relaxed C. tired D. fearful ‎47. A. equal B. superior C. known D. familiar ‎48. A. voice B. appearance C. attitude D. skin ‎49. A. gave B. put C. look D. scared ‎50. A. wish B. deal C. face D. decision ‎51. A. immediately B. fortunately C. excitedly D. sadly ‎52. A. worried B. argued C. explained D. shouted ‎53. A. culture B. accent C. question D. plan ‎54. A. take up B. take off C. take on D. take out ‎55. A. nervous B. relieved C. shocked D. upset ‎56. A. awoke B. paid C. slept D. skipped ‎57. A. confirmed B. predicted C. doubted D. realize ‎58. A. sang B. dressed C. sat D. lived ‎59. A. control B. trouble C. sign D. foundation ‎60. A. knows B. believes C. convinces D. accepts ‎【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. D 60. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文属于夹叙夹议文，讲述作者小时候坐飞机与印度妇女挨着坐，作者很害怕也很反感，结果受到母亲的教育，发现其实印度人和作者都一样。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些话语在一个五岁大的孩子大脑里留下多大印象，直到我们必须出发，跟朋友道别那一天的到来。A. expect期望；B. register 注册；C. fail失败；D. find找到。根据本句后文but可知，作者当时年龄太小，不能理解那些话的意思，故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些话语在一个五岁大的孩子大脑里留下多大印象，直到我们必须出发，跟朋友道别那一天的到来。A. meet遇见；B. stay保持；C. leave离开；D. settle解决。根据本句后文say goodbye to our close friends可知，作者要离开朋友了，故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，母亲会把我们的位置定在一起。A. flights航班；B. seats座位；C. rooms房间；D. tables桌子。根据后文可知，本文讲述作者与邻座印度妇女之间的事情，故可知预定飞机位置，故选B。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与陌生人坐在一起是我从来不会担忧的。A. joy高兴；B. dream梦想；C. terror恐惧；D. opinion观点。根据后文可知，作者很害怕与陌生人坐在一起，故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于预定晚了，买票的时候没有买到我们想要的位置。 A. preference偏爱；B. promise承诺；C. attention注意；D. sympathy同情。根据文章可知，作者他们没有买到能够坐在一起的位置，故选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我上飞机沿着通道走下去的时候，我满是害怕。A. ashamed羞耻的；B. relaxed 放松的；C. tired 疲惫的；D. fearful害怕的。根据前文，作者之前不用担心与陌生人一起坐飞机，故可知第一次很害怕，故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看的东西对我来说相当于一个外星人。A. equal等于；B. superior高级的；C. known著名的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文可知，作者对印度人根本不了解，对他来说，相当于外星人，故选A。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是她的外貌不是唯一能够吓跑我的东西。A. voice声音；B. appearance外貌；C. attitude态度；D. skin皮肤。根据前文可知，作者描述了印度妇女的外貌，与他自己很不一样，故选B。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是她的外貌不是唯一能够吓跑我的东西。A. gave给；B. put放；C. look 看；D. scared吓。根据后文可知，印度妇女身上的气味让作者很难受，故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一个脸相就好像闻到了一些馊的东西。A. wish祝愿；B. deal交易；C. face脸；D. decision决定。根据本句后文as if I had smelt something sour.可知，作者对印度妇女很反感，表现得很明显，故选C。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. immediately立刻；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据文章可知，作者父母立刻教育了作者，纠正其错误的观念，故选A。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. worried担心；B. argued争论；C. explained解释；D. shouted大叫。根据文章可知，母亲说明了尊重印度妇女的原因，故选C。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. culture文化；B. accent口音；C. question 问题；D. plan计划。根据前文可知，印度妇女的穿着和打扮是其文化的一部分，故选A。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们准备起飞，印度妇女把安全带系好，从包里拿出书来。A. take up开始从事；B. take off起飞；C. take on呈现；D. take out拿出。根据the lady buckled(扣住 )her seatbelt可知，作者乘坐的飞机准备起飞，故选B。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我很震惊，那本书是英语写的。A. nervous紧张的；B. relieved缓解的；C. shocked震惊的；D. upset沮丧的。根据后文可知，作者对自己的发现很惊讶，故选C。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：睡了一会儿之后，我醒来吃饭。A. awoke醒来；B. paid支付；C. slept睡觉；D. skipped跳过。根据前文After a short sleep可知，作者睡了一会儿就醒来吃饭，故选A。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过本次飞行，在我幼小的心灵上开始意识到她跟我一样是个人，尽管外貌和穿着不一样。A. confirmed确认；B. predicted预测；C. doubted怀疑；D. realize意识到。根据前文可知，作者通过这些事情意识到人与人之间不一样，故选D。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过本次飞行，在我幼小的心灵上开始意识到她跟我一样是个人，尽管外貌和穿着不一样。A. sang唱歌；B. dressed穿衣；C. sat坐；D. lived生活。根据前文可知，印度妇女在外貌和穿着不一样，故选B。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就为我成为一个人打好了基础，一个能够各种各样生活方式的人。A. control控制；B. trouble麻烦；C. sign迹象；D. foundation基础。根据前文可知，这次经历让作者认识到了世界人群的多样性，故选D。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就为我成为一个人打好了基础，一个能够各种各样生活方式的人。A. knows知道；B. believes相信；C. convinces说服；D. accepts接受。根据文章可知，作者从这次经历学到了一个道理，尊重别人的文化和生活方式，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】题旨在考察学生综合运用语言知识的能力。做此题时必须通篇考虑，先掌握大意，再综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行推理判断。通读全文，了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，充分利用各种线索答。千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配如take of 等短语的意思。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。‎ ‎2. 【山东省济南市2019届高三上学期期末】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When faced with difficult situations in their lives，many people find them too ___41___ and give up，especially on their life dreams.But not for Gabriel Heredia.‎ Gabriel is a 20-year-old Argentinian barber who was born without hands.___42___ his physical disability，he was able to grow up happy and ___43___.He also always had the support of friends and family，never feeling ___44___ treated at all by his schoolmates.At the age of 14，he ___45___ working as a barber，and learned all the techniques to perfect haircuts.Although he first saw it as a hobby，Gabriel quickly ___46___ that this was the profession he wanted to work in.‎ His family ___47___ him to open his first barbershop，which he worked at for one and a half years.There，he ___48___ the president of Argentina Corta，an organization for barbers to connect，do charity work in less fortunate ___49___ ，and teach hairdressing to those who are ____50____ .Gabriel is now part of Argentina Corta，offering his services to people of all ____51____ so they can build up the ____52____ they need to get decent jobs.‎ As a bright and caring young man，Gabriel ____53____ not only to be a barber，but also to make a ____54____ with the neighborhood:“The thing that I like most of my ____55____ is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me ____56____.”‎ Nowadays，Gabriel runs his own barber shop in Buenos Aires，where people ____57____ around the block for his services.Gabriel’s ____58____ shows that the barriers we face in life are never ____59____to deal with successfully.Whatever problem you face，you can ____60____ tackle it by adopting the right mindset，and never giving up.‎ ‎41. A. dangerous B. cruel C. 1arge D. challenging ‎42. A. Except B. Besides C. Despite D. Through ‎43. A. independent B. honest C. wealthy D. careful ‎44. A. equally B. fairly C. differently D. kindly ‎45. A. started B. continued C. stopped D. imagined ‎46. A. promised B. hoped C. determined D. predicted ‎47. A. advised B. forced C. inspired D. helped ‎48. A. introduced B. met C. found D. influenced ‎49. A. neighborhoods B. clubs C. schools D. organizations ‎50. A. lucky B. puzzled C. interested D. intelligent ‎51. A. 1evels B. abilities C. types D. ages ‎52. A. images B. trust C. skills D. respect ‎53. A. fails B. struggles C. happens D. refuses ‎54. A. connection B. conversation C. debate D. bargain ‎55. A. future B. shop C. dream D. job ‎56. A. special B. generous C. confident D. happy ‎57. A. turn up B. line up C. end up D. pack up ‎58. A. story B. 1esson C. decision D. choice ‎59. A. hard B. impossible C. likely D. useless ‎60. A. almost B. usually C. hardly D. never ‎【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. B 60. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，Gabriel天生就没有双手，但他经过努力成为了一名理发师，并投入到慈善工作中，他的故事告诉我们无论面对什么问题，你通常可以通过采取正确的心态，永不放弃来解决它。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. dangerous危险的；B. cruel残忍的；C. 1arge大的；D. challenging有挑战性的。当面对生活中的困难时，很多人认为它太具挑战性就放弃了，故D项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。A. Except除了；B. Besides况且；C. Despite尽管；D. Through通过。尽管身体有残疾，他还是快乐地长大并且很独立，故C项正确。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. independent独立的；B. honest诚实的；C. wealthy富有的； D. careful认真的。他独立性很强，故A项正确。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. equally平等地；B. fairly公平地；C. differently不同地；D. kindly 友好地。有了朋友和家人的支持，他从来没感到自己被同学们区别对待，故C项正确。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. started开始；B. continued继续；C. stopped停止；D. imagined想象。14岁时，他开始当理发师，故A项正确。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. promised承诺；B. hoped希望；C. determined决定；D. predicted预言。他很快就决定这是他想要从事的职业，故C项正确。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. advised建议；B. forced强迫；C. inspired鼓舞；D. helped帮助。他的家人帮助他开了第一家理发店，故D项正确。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. introduced介绍；B. met见面；C. found发现；D. influenced影响。他遇到了Argentina Corta的主席，故B项正确。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. neighborhoods社区；B. clubs俱乐部；C. schools学校；D. organizations组织。Argentina Corta是一个帮助理发师建立联系的组织，他们在不那么幸运的社区做慈善工作，故A项正确。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. lucky幸运的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. intelligent聪明的。他们还教那些感兴趣的人理发，故C项正确。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. 1evels水平；B. abilities能力；C. types类型；D. ages年龄。他现在是Argentina Corta的一员，为各个年龄段的人服务，故D项正确。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. images影像；B. trust信任；C. skills技能；D. respect尊敬。这样，他们就能学到获得体面工作所需要的技能，故C项正确。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. fails失败；B. struggles努力；C. happens碰巧；D. refuses拒绝。他不仅努力做一名理发师，而且还与社区建立联系，故B项正确。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. connection联系、连接；B. conversation谈话； C. debate辩论；D. bargain交易。他还与社区建立联系，故A项正确。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. future未来；B. shop商店；C. dream梦想；D. job工作。对我的工作，我最喜欢的一点是人们觉得我设计的发型既舒适又时尚，故D项正确。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. special特别的；B. generous大方的；C. confident自信的；D. happy快乐的。人们觉得我设计的发型既舒适又时尚会让我感到很快乐，故D项正确。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. turn up调高；B. line up排队；C. end up结束；D. pack up整理。人们在Gabriel的理发店排队等着他理发，故B项正确。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. story故事；B. 1esson教训；C. decision决定；D. choice选择。Gabriel的故事表明我们在生活中面对的困难从来都不是不可能成功地解决，故A项正确。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. hard艰难的；B. impossible不可能的；C. likely可能的；D. useless无用的。我们在生活中面对的困难从来都不是不可能成功地解决，故B项正确。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. almost几乎；B. usually通常；C. hardly几乎不；D. never从不。无论面对什么问题，你通常可以通过采取正确的心态，永不放弃来解决它，故B项正确。‎ ‎3. 【北京市昌平区2018-2019学年高三英语第一学期期末】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was a cold day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the ____11____ of the mountain.‎ So here I was ____12____ to make the two-hour journey through ____13____. By the time I saw how thick it was near the top, I’d gone too far to turn back.‎ ‎“I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,” 
I ____14____ when I arrived.‎ ‎“But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car,” Carolyn said. “Could we at least do that?”‎ ‎“How ____15____?” I asked.‎ ‎“About three minutes,” she said. “I’ll drive—I’m used to it.”‎ After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her ____16____. “I thought you said three minutes.”‎ She smiled. “This is a different route.”‎ Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and ____17____ out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green pines ____18____over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to ____19____ my mind.‎ When we stopped, I took a deep breath in ___20___.‎ From the top of the mountain were rivers of flowers in bloom. A mix of ___21___from white to lemon to red — unfolded like a carpet before us. At the center was a waterfall of purple flowers and here and there were coral-colored ones. And western bluebirds flew ____22____ the heads of the flowers happily.‎ A series of ____23____ came to my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?‎ As we approached home, we saw a sign that read: “I ____24____ Answers to Your Questions.”‎ The first answer was: “One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “____25____ in 1958.”‎ As we drove home, I was so ____26____ by what we had seen, I could hardly speak. “She changed the world,” I ____27____ said, “one flower at a time. She took her first step almost 60 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”‎ ‎“Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a(n) ____28____ like her and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have ____29____?”‎ Carolyn looked at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said. “ ____30____ yet, start today.”‎ ‎11. A. back B. bottom C. top D. corner ‎12. A. unwilling B. unable C. unlucky D. unfit ‎13. A. rain B. snow C. storm D. fog ‎14. A. announced B. criticized C. suggested D. complained ‎15. A. much B. many C. fast D. far ‎16. A. excitedly B. calmly C. nervously D. anxiously ‎17. A. checked B. looked C. got D. dropped ‎18. A. floated B. streamed C. towered D. skipped ‎19. A. empty B. fill C. disturb D. control ‎20. A. embarrassment B. amazement C. disappointment D. amusement ‎21. A. materials B. patterns C. colors D. shapes ‎22. A. over B. through C. within D. along ‎23. A. predictions B. decisions C. imaginations D. questions ‎24. A. Understand B. Know C. Doubt D. Forget ‎25. A. Started B. Continued C. Finished D. Quitted ‎26. A. troubled B. moved C. encouraged D. confused ‎27. A. frankly B. seriously C. frequently D. finally ‎28. A. promise B. story C. idea D. challenge ‎29. A. gained B. required C. regretted D. remembered ‎30. A. more B. better C. harder D. later ‎【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为夹叙夹议。女儿带作者去山顶，看到了一片各色水仙花像地毯一样在面前闪闪发光。作者为之吸引，得知这是一位女士多年努力的结果。作者扪心自问：如果自己设定一个目标然后为之努力去做，每天做一点，时间久了会收获什么。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. back背部；B. bottom底部；C. top顶部；D. corner角落。根据下文By the time I saw how thick it was near the top, I’d gone too far to turn back.可知，作者的女儿坚持要作者去山顶看些东西。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. unwilling不情愿的；B. unable不能的；C. unlucky不幸的；D. unfit不适宜的。根据上文I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.可知，作者不愿意开车去山顶上。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. rain雨；B. snow雪；C. storm暴风雨；D. fog雾。根据下文By the time I saw how thick it was near the top可知，作者不愿意在雾中走两个小时的路程。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. announced宣布；B. criticized批评；C. suggested建议；D. complained抱怨。作者到达后宣布“我会留下来吃午饭，但云雾散去之后我会尽快返回”。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. much大量的；B. many许多的；C. fast快的；D. far远的。根据下文“About three minutes,” she said. “I’ll drive—I’m used to it.”可知，作者问“有多远？”故D选项正确。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. calmly平静地；C. nervously紧张地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据上文提到山上的雾气很浓可知，在山路上走了十分钟后，作者焦虑地看着女儿说“我记得你说的是三分钟。”故D选项正确。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. checked检查；B. looked看；C. got得到；D. dropped掉下。根据下文We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles.可知，作者和女儿把车停在一条狭窄的小路上，从车里出来查看。check out“查看”故C选项正确。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. floated浮动；B. streamed流出；C. towered高耸；D. skipped跳过。根据空前Huge black-green pines可知，巨大的黑绿色松树高耸于我们之上。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. empty使……成为空的；B. fill填补；C. disturb打扰；D. control控制。渐渐地，这个地方的宁静充满了作者的脑海。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. amazement惊奇；C. disappointment失望；D. amusement乐趣。根据下文Who created such beauty? How? When? 可知，当他们停下来时，作者惊奇地深吸了一口气。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. materials材料；B. patterns图案；C. colors颜色；D. shapes形状。根据空后from white to lemon to red可知，从白色到柠檬色再到红色的各种颜色像地毯一样铺展在他们面前。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。A. over在……上方；B. through穿过；C. within在内部；D. along 沿着。根据语境可知，西方的蓝知更鸟快乐地飞过花朵的头顶。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. predictions预测；B. decisions决策；C. imaginations想象；D. questions问题。根据下文Who created such beauty? How? When? 可知，作者想起了一连串的问题。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. Understand理解；B. Know知道；C. Doubt怀疑；D. Forget忘记。根据下文The first answer was: “One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.”可知，他们看到一个牌子上写着：“我知道你的问题的答案。”故B选项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. Started开始；B. Continued继续；C. Finished完成；D. Quitted放弃。根据语境可知，此处指“开始于1958年。”故A选项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. troubled；B. moved感动；C. encouraged鼓励；D. confused（使）困惑。根据下文I could hardly speak.可知，当他们开车回家时，作者被眼前的景象感动得说不出话来。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. frankly真诚地；B. seriously严肃地；C. frequently经常地；D. finally最终。根据上文I could hardly speak可知，作者最后说“她改变了世界，”。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. promise许诺；B. story故事；C. idea主意；D. challenge挑战。根据语境可知，作者说“如果我有一个像她一样的想法，并付诸实践，每天一点点就好了”。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. gained收获；B. required要求；C. regretted后悔；D. remembered记得。根据语境可知，作者在想如果他有一个像她一样的想法，并付诸实践，每天一点点就好了，他能得到什么?故A选项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. more更多；B. better更好；C. harder更努力；D. later后来。作者的女儿告诉他“最好从今天开始。” better yet“更好的是”。故B选项正确。‎ ‎4. 【山西省太原市2019届高三上学期期末】阅读下面短文，用短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。‎ My 7-year-old daughter always has her nose in a book. She even continued ___21___ in the car on the long ‎ drive to summer camp, where she lost the book. This is the first lost ___22___ book in my life. In my childhood, my family had always been expected to be ___23___, but we were poor, and I didn’t ___24___ books. I had to borrow books. My library books lived on a ___25___ shelf while they were mine, and it ___26___ me when I had to return them to the library on the due day.‎ However, my daughter has ___27___ books now than I owned my whole childhood. So it’s probably my ___28___ that she didn’t cherish the books. “Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug, “we just pay $20 for the book. What’s the big___29___?” The missing library book just met with a cold ___30___ from her, but it met with nail-biting ___31___ from me. I walked into the library in a deep ___32___ as if I had lost the book.‎ Feeling the need to make her feel ___33___ for the book, I asked her to do the chores. She agreed to clean up all the pets’houses ___34___ my paying the library book. I’d meant the chore to be ___35___!‎ Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself. I took a picture of her lovely back. So, was I winning or losing at ___36___? Did I teach her the ___37___ of keeping a library book if the picture I took shows she is working ___38___?‎ To my ___39___, my little girl knew what ___40___ in her life. She could devote herself to the chores as much as books.‎ ‎21. A. driving B. thinking C. reading D. viewing ‎22. A. school B. reference C. story D. library ‎23. A. powerful B. practical C. academic D. employed ‎24. A. write B. own C. order D. love ‎25. A. wasted B. dusty C. present D. specific ‎26. A. pained B. companied C. abandoned D. lost ‎27. A. fewer B. better C. cheaper D. more ‎28. A. work B. reason C. fault D. duty ‎29. A. worry B. question C. case D. deal ‎30. A. shoulder B. power C. refusal D. excuse ‎31. A. impression B. effort C. effect D. concern ‎32. A. respect B. thought C. shame D. shock ‎33. A. eager B. responsible C. good D. suitable ‎34. A. in need of B. in trade for C. in terms of D. in favor of ‎35. A. punishment B. recovery C. encouragement D. promise ‎36. A. studying B. parenting C. arguing D. fighting ‎37. A. benefit B. method C. commitment D. demand ‎38. A. seriously B. unwillingly C. professionally D. constantly ‎39. A. disappointed B. relief C. regret D. sorrow ‎40. A. matters B. proves C. exists D. grows ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。讲述了作者想起自己小时候买不起书，对图书馆借来的书的珍惜和渴望，而自己的女儿却不在意丢失了图书馆的书。作者通过让女儿做家务的方式惩罚女儿丢书，并希望可以教会她懂得责任和承诺的重要性。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. thinking思考；C. reading 阅读；D. viewing 观察；查看。上文提到作者的女儿喜欢埋头读书，因此她在去夏令营路上的车里也继续阅读。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. school学校；B. reference参考；C. story故事；D. library图书馆。由下文可知，作者小时候总是去图书馆借书，因此是“我”人生中第一次丢失图书馆的书。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. powerful强大的；B. practical实际的；C. academic学术的；D. employed被雇佣的。句意：我的家庭一直被期望是学术型的，但是我们很穷。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. write书写；B. own拥有；C. order订阅。D. love热爱。由下文作者必须借书可知，作者自己没有拥有书。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. wasted浪费的；B. dusty 灰尘的；C. present目前的；D. specific特定的。句意：我从图书馆借来的书，在属于我的时候，都放在特定的书架上。此处特质作者的书放在特定的架子上。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. pained刺痛；B. companied陪伴；C. abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。作者非常喜欢书，因此每次归还书的时候都会刺痛作者。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. fewer更少；B. better 更好；C. cheaper更便宜；D. more更多。作者的女儿拥有比作者整个童年都更多的书。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. work工作；B. reason理由；C. fault错误；D. duty义务。句意：她不珍惜书籍可能是我的错。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. worry担心；B. question问题；C. case情况；D. deal交易。固定句式：What’s the big deal?“有什么大不了？”故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. shoulder肩膀；B. power力量；C. refusal拒绝；D. excuse借口。上文女儿找不到书只是耸了耸肩“shrug”，故此空对应上文女儿的反应，故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. impression印象；B. effort努力；C. effect影响；D. concern关心。句意：图书馆丢失的那本书刚遭到她的冷遇，但却引起了我的极大关注。对于女儿丢书的不在意，作者却非常关心，故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. respect尊重；B. thought想法；C. shame羞耻；D. shock震惊。作者非常在意图书馆丢失的书，因此带着仿佛是自己丢失了书的深深的羞愧感走进图书馆，故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. eager渴望的；B. responsible负责的；C. good好的；D. suitable适合的。女儿对丢书不在意，因此作者通过让女儿做家务，来让女儿对书富有责任感。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。A. in need of需要；B. in trade for以……换得；C. in terms of依据；D. in favor of支持。句意：她同意把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为替我付图书馆书钱的交换。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. punishment惩罚；B. recovery恢复；C. encouragement鼓励；D. promise承诺。作者是将做家务作为女儿的惩罚。故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. studying学习；B. parenting 父母对子女的养育；C. arguing争执；D. fighting打架。根据上文作者本想惩罚女儿做家务，结果发现女儿还很喜欢做家务。因此作者反问自己到底是赢了还是在育儿上输了。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. benefit 利益；B. method方法；C. commitment承诺；D. demand要求。句意：我教会了她保存图书馆书籍的承诺吗？故选C。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. seriously认真地；B. unwillingly不愿意地；C. professionally专业的；D. constantly持续的。由上文可知女儿喜欢做家务，做得很认真。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. disappointed失望；B. relief 安慰；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文可知女儿已经认识到生活中重要的事情，很让作者安慰。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. matters 重要；有关系；B. proves 证明；C. exists存在；D. grows成长。句意：我的小女儿知道她生命中最重要的是什么。故选A。‎ ‎5. 【河北省精英中学2018-2019学年度高三上学期第二次调研】‎ Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full ___18___ of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not ___19___ on obvious facts, and therefore ___20___ to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas ___21___ and makes experiments to prove them.‎ The rise of ___22___ science may perhaps be considered to ___23___ as far back as the ___24___ of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived ___25___ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle ages to suggest that we must learn science ___26___ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself ___27___ many important truths.‎ Galileo (15641642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, ___28___ began to show how many important ___29___ could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more ___30___ towards the earth than small ones, ___31___ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the ___32___ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, ‎ let fall two ___33___ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo’s ___34___ of going direct to nature, and proving our ___35___ and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.‎ What ___36___ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it clearly that successful scientists are those whose observations have ___37___ better results.‎ ‎18. A. use B. time C. speed D. trust ‎19. A. relied B. based C. insisted D. centered ‎20. A. refuses B. desires C. intends D. regrets ‎21. A. casually B. carefully C. quickly D. secretly ‎22. A. natural B. physical C. ancient D. modern ‎23. A. date B. keep C. look D. come ‎24. A. study B. time C. year D. birth ‎25. A. both B. each C. between D. among ‎26. A. in B. with C. on D. by ‎27. A. brought B. discovered C. took D. gave ‎28. A. who B. when C. that D. where ‎29. A. truths B. problems C. people D. subjects ‎30. A. slowly B. rapidly C. lightly D. heavily ‎31. A. although B. because C. when D. if ‎32. A. place B. foot C. top D. ceiling ‎33. A. big B. small C. equal D. unequal ‎34. A. spirit B. skill C. theory D. discovery ‎35. A. plans B. opinions C. world D. ability ‎36. A. makes B. prevents C. considers D. promises ‎37. A. foreseen B. rejected C. produced D. challenged ‎【答案】18. A 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为夹叙夹议。作者通过实例来说明自己的观点：一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目地相信他人，应该通过以观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。 use用处；time 时间；speed速度；trust相信。根据语境可知，此处是指“一个成功的科学家通常是一个好的观察者。他充分利用他所观察到的事实”。本处考查固定短语“make full use of ”，意为“充分利用”。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。relied信任，依赖；based以…为基础/根据；insisted坚持；centered集中，以….为中心。根据“He makes full use of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not ___2___ on obvious facts”可知， “作为一个科学家，要充分利用事实，自然不能接受不以明显事实为根据的想法”。因此本句考查的固定搭配”be based on…”意为“以….为基础/根据”。因此选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。refuses拒绝；desires渴望；intends意图，打算；regrets遗憾，后悔。根据空格前后的“He doesn’t accept ideas…and therefore ___3___ to accept”可知，“他不接受不基于显而易见的事实的观点，因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一理由”。此处指的“拒绝”，因此选A。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查 副词辨析。casually偶然地，漫不经心地；carefully仔细地，认真地；quickly快速地；secretly秘密地，偷偷地。结合空格前后的“He always checks ideas… makes experiments to prove them.”可知，此处是指他仔细地核查那些观点。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。natural天然的，自然的；physical物质的；ancient 古代的，过时的；modern现代的。根据第三段的最后一句“that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.”可知，此处表示的是modern science。故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。date从某时起计算日期；keep保持；look看；come来。根据下文的 “the years 1214 and 1292”，可知，现代科学的兴起可追溯到很早的时候，date back…为固定搭配，意为“追溯到…”，故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。study研究，学习；time时间，时代；year年； birth出生。根据空格后面的“the years 1214 and 1292”。可知，此处表示现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根时代，因此本题选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查语境。both和，两者都；each每个；between 在…之间； among在…中,在….之列。本句是指罗杰·‎ 培根，生活在1214年至1292年之间。因此处应用between…and…，意为“在…和….之间”。故选C项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。in 在…里面；with和，跟；on在…上面；by通过，由。根据后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处是指通过（by）观察和检验我们周围的事物，故选D项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。 brought带来；discovered发现；took带走；gave给。结合下文“many important truths.”可知。本句是指“他自己发现(discovered)了许多重要的真理”，可知选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。根据上文“…he greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, ___11___ began to show how many important”可知，本句是定语从句，其中的the greatest of several great men 是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作began 的主语，定语从句中指代前面的先行词“he”，指人要用关系词who。本句意为“伽利略（1564-1642）是意大利、法国、德国和英国几位伟人中最伟大的科学家，他通过逐步的观察，展示出许多重要的…。”因此选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。 truths事实； problems问题； people人们；subjects主题。由空格后的“could be discovered by observation by degrees”和第10小题所在的句子可知，“很多真理可以通过观察得到发现”。因此本空选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。slowly 缓慢地；rapidly 快速地；lightly轻轻地；heavily沉重地。根据空格前后的“large bodies fell more”和“towards the earth than small ones,”可知，在Galileo之前，学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快，因此选B 。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。although然而；because 因为；when当…时候； if如果。根据第14题后的“Aristotle said so”可知，这里表明因为（because）亚里士多德是这么说的。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。place地方；foot脚，底部；top顶部；ceiling天花板。根据空格后面的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two ___16___ stones”可知，伽利略去了比萨斜塔的顶部，扔下了两块石头。由此可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。big大的；small小的；equal相等的；unequal不相等的。根据第13小题的“large bodies fell ‎ more ___13___ towards the earth than small ones,”可知，此处表示扔下了两个不同重量的石头，故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。spirit精神；skill技巧，技能；theory理论；discovery发现。这是伽利略探索自然的精神（spirit），故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。 plans计划；opinions观点；world世界；ability能力。此处与后面的“and theories by experiment”中的theories（理论）相响应。此处是指通过实验证明我们的观点（opinions）和理论，故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。makes制造，使成为；prevents 阻止；considers认为，思考；promises许诺，答应。由下文的“…are those whose observations have ___20___ better results.”可知，此处是说“是什么使这些人成为优秀的科学家？”, make意为“使成为…..”， 因此选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。foreseen预知；rejected拒绝，排斥；produced生产，产生；challenged挑战。根据语境可知此处是指“我们清楚地知道，成功的科学家是那些其观测结果得出更好的结果的科学家。故选C。‎