【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十三（15页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十三（15页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十三 ‎[一]‎ ‎"Old wives' tales" are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example，most of us remember our parents' telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking，but others have not passed the test of time.‎ Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜)is good for you，too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.‎ Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems？Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.‎ Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.‎ ‎[语篇解读]我们大多数人都记得父母告诉我们要吃某些食物或者不要去做某些事情。这些告诫是对的吗？实际上，其中一些是与现在的医学思想相符合的，而另外一些却经不起考验。文章举了例子，并指出即便当我们寻找明确的科学证据来证明它的对错时，我们也应该尊重这类知识。‎ ‎5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?‎ A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.‎ B. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.‎ C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.‎ D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。从第三段最后一句Sticky sweels made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.可以看出，sticky sweets的确可以对牙齿造成危害。‎ ‎[答案]B ‎6．The author develops the third paragraph mainly________.‎ A. by cause and effect B. by order in space C. by order in time D. by examples ‎[解析]推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句。随后，举了饭后一小时内游泳和吃糖这两个例子来证明主题句。因此，这一段是通过举例来构成段落的。‎ ‎[答案]D ‎7．The phrase" hold water" in the last paragraph most probably means"________"．‎ A. to be believable B. to be valuable C. to be admirable D. to be suitable ‎[解析]猜测词义题。从最后一段第一句可知，虽然科学告诉我们有一些传统观念不可信，但是这些老妈妈们的说法还是有一些正确的地方。hold water指"可信的"。[答案]A ‎8．What is the author's attitude toward "old wives' tales" in the text?‎ A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Dissatisfied. D. Curious.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。纵观全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法的正确性，又说明了一些传统观念没有科学依据。尤其是文中最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重，因此可以看出作者的态度是客观的。[答案]B ‎[二]‎ Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.‎ Recite and repeat in conversation.‎ When you hear a person' s name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.‎ Ask the other person to recite and repeat.‎ You can let other people help you remember their names. After you've been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names.‎ Admit you don' t know.‎ Admitting that you can' t remember someone' s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say, "I' m working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again？"‎ Use associations.‎ Link each person you meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note："Vicki Cheng - tall, black hair." To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.‎ Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.‎ When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering everyone. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.‎ Go early.‎ Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others - an automatic review for you.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　文章讲述了记住别人的名字是一项重要的社交技能，并就此提供了一些方法技巧。‎ ‎5．How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?‎ A. They will be moved.‎ B. They will be annoyed.‎ C. They will be delighted.‎ D. They will be discouraged.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。由文章提到的第二种方法中的"Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names"内容就可得出答案，pleased＝delighted[答案]C ‎6．If you can't remember someone's name, you may ________.‎ A. tell him the truth B. tell him a white lie C. ask him for pity D. ask others to help you ‎[解析]细节判断题。由文章提到的第三种方法的内容，即可得出答案。[答案]A ‎7．When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember________.‎ A. all their names B. a couple of names first C. just their last names D. as many names as possible ‎[解析]细节判断题。由文章提到的第五种方法中的"When meeting a group of people，concentrate on remembering just two or three names."内容即可得出答案。[答案]B ‎8．What does the text mainly tell us?‎ A. Tips on an important social skill. B. Importance of attending parties.‎ C. How to make use of associations. D. How to recite and repeat names.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。由文章首段即可得出答案。[答案]A ‎[三]‎ We have met the enemy, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, it' s hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. "Most of the infections (感染) we think of as human infections started in other animals，" says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.‎ It' s not just that we' re going to where the animals are；we' re also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen' s pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. "I don' t think it' s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them，" says Isaksen.‎ ‎"Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，" says Peter Schantz. Monkey pox may be the wake up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful (有害的). Monkey pox doesn' t look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.‎ ‎[语篇解读]饲养宠物可能被传染疾病。猴痘本是非洲雨林中的一种疾病，现在突然出现在美国西部的孩子们的身上。我们认为的大多数只有人类才会感染的疾病其实就是来自动物。国家要制定严格的法律，控制外来动物把疾病传播给人类。‎ ‎1．We learn from Paragraph 1 that the pet sold at the shop may ________.‎ A. come from Columbia B. prevent us from being infected C. enjoy being with children D. suffer from monkey pox ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段的第一、二两句话可知，我们从宠物商店购买的动物身上携带疾病，这种动物能将之传播给人类。下文以猴痘为例说明作者的观点。[答案]D ‎2．Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?‎ A. They attack human beings.‎ B. We need to study native animals.‎ C. They can' t live out of the rain forest.‎ D. We do not know much about them yet.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。从第二段中的"A strange illness killed Isaksen's pets，and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.' I don't think it's fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them"可知答案为D。[答案]D ‎3．What does the phrase "the wakeup call" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?‎ A. a new disease B. a clear warning C. a dangerous animal D. a morning call ‎[解析]词义猜测题。根据文章的内容可知，猴痘是一种从非洲的动物身上传播到人类身上的疾病，这种情况给人类带来了一种警示：不要随意把野外的动物带回家中饲养，以免使宠物主人感染疾病。"the wakeup call"表示"一种警示"。[答案]B ‎4．The text suggests that in the future we________.‎ A. may have to fight against more new diseases B. may easily get infected by diseases from dogs C. should not be allowed to have pets D. should stop buying pets from Africa ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后三句可知，人类今后可能面临更多疾病的挑战。[答案]A ‎[四]‎ Runners in a relay(接力)race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.‎ The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A. D. 1300, when sea travel offered new routes (路线). It was sometimes called the world's longest highway. However，the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.‎ The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to worldwide business 2000 years before the World Wide Web.‎ The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy(外交)，and religion (宗教)．‎ ‎5. It's probable that traders along the Silk Road needed________.‎ A. to remember the entire trade route B. to know the making of products C. to receive certain special training D. to deal with a lot of difficulties ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据"The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun，deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe."可知D项正确。‎ ‎[答案]D ‎6. The Silk Road became less important because________.‎ A. it was made up of different routes B. silk trading became less popular C. sea travel provided easier routes D. people needed fewer foreign goods ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据"It was used from about 200B.C.，to about AD1300，when sea travel offered new routes"能找到原因是"sea travel provided easier routes"。[答案]C ‎7. New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people________.‎ A. learned from one another B. shared each other's beliefs C. traded goods along the route D. earned their living by traveling ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据"The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy，and religion"能看出人们彼此之间能学习一些东西。[答案]A ‎8. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Silk Road：Past and Present B. The Silk Road: East Meets West C. The Silk Road：Routes Full of Dangers D. The Silk Road：Pathways for Learning ‎[解析]主旨大意题。根据"The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China，across Central Asia and the Middle East，and ended in the Mediterranean Sea."可知The Silk Road：East Meets West是最佳标题。[答案]B ‎[五]‎ Four people in England ，back in 1953, stared at Photo 51.It wasn' t much - a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed - the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.‎ Her name was Rosalind Franklin. "She should have been up there，" says historian Mary Bowden." If her photos hadn' t been there, the others couldn' t have come up with the structure." One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.‎ At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA' s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King' s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.‎ But Wilkins and Franklin's relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.‎ What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return，" Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place."‎ As Franklin's competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina AbirAm. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that "Franklin was only two steps away from the solution."‎ No, Franklin was the solution." She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer，" AbirAm says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the "Dark Lady of DNA"， Franklin is finally coming into the light.‎ ‎[语篇解读]谁发现了DNA，仅仅只有James Watson，Francis Crick和Maurice Wilkins吗？本文作者告诉我们，功劳也有Rosalind Franklin的一份。‎ ‎1．What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.‎ B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.‎ C. The process of discovering DNA.‎ D. The race between two teams of scientists.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文，可知Franklin在DNA的发现中也做出了重要贡献，但却由于某些原因而不为人知。由此答案选B项：她受到了不公正的对待。[答案]B ‎2．Watson was angry with Franklin because she________.‎ A. took the lead in the competition B. kept her results from him C. proved some of his findings wrong D. shared her data with other scientists ‎[解析]逻辑推理题。从第五段前两句可知，Franklin直言不讳地指出他们犯的错误，这引起了Watson的不满。答案选C。[答案]C ‎3．Why is Franklin described as "Dark Lady of DNA" ?‎ A. She developed pictures in dark labs.‎ B. She discovered the black X- the shape of DNA.‎ C. Her name was forgotten after her death.‎ D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.‎ ‎[解析]逻辑推理题。从全文可知，作者认为Franklin的贡献被忽略掉了，她的贡献理应得到人们的承认。所以答案选D。[答案]D ‎4．What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins ，Watson and Crick?‎ A. Disapproving. B. Respectful. C. Admiring. D. Doubtful.‎ ‎[解析]态度推测题。从全文知，作者肯定了Franklin的贡献，对另外三个科学家的行为表示"不满，不赞成"，所以答案选A。[答案]A ‎[六]‎ This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: "an interesting week of poetry." This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?‎ The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing-the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn't write anything on the board.‎ The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers(层次) of meaning. Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface；other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn't happen much in undergraduate (本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文学科)．‎ Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using careful，clear definitions (定义)when he explains a poem. He also plans to be more informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, "We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students."‎ But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.‎ ‎5. What do we know about this unusual class?‎ A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board.‎ B. The teachers were invited to attend several lectures.‎ C. The students were professors from a university.‎ D. The students were studying science and humanities.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据"This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University"可知C项正确。[答案]C ‎6. The experiment was designed to find out________.‎ A. how to teach the students in the science class B. whether poetry is difficult for science students C. what to be taught in the humanities class D. why many humanities students find science hard ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据"why is science difficult for many non-science students？"找到答案。‎ ‎[答案]D ‎7. Finding levels of meaning is________.‎ A. important for graduate students in humanities B. difficult for graduate students in humanities C. common for undergraduate students in science D. easy for undergraduate students in science ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"And it is always important in humanities"可知选A项。‎ ‎[答案]A ‎8. What did the science professors learn after the experiment?‎ A. They should change the way they teach.‎ B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.‎ C. A poetry class could be more informative.‎ D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。由"But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better."我们可知道全文的中心思想。[答案]A ‎[七]‎ People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you're wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here，people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.‎ How do people climb the wall? To climb，you need special shoes and a harness (保护带) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you don't fall. A beginner's wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it's easy to see the next piece of metal. Sometimes, it's not. The most difficult part is to control your fear. It's normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it's difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you，and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.‎ Climbing attracts people because it's good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs.This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger.‎ ‎5. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays.‎ B. It is impossible to build up one's body by climbing.‎ C. People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors.‎ D. It is always easy to see holding places in climbing.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。由本文第一段中"People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then"和第三段中"Climbing attracts people because it's good exercise for almost everyone."可推断出答案。[答案]A ‎6. The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is________.‎ A. to tie ropes to your harness B. to control your fear C. to move away from the wall D. to climb straight up ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段"The most difficult part is to control your fear."可以推断出应该控制一下恐惧心理。[答案]B ‎7. The word "workout" underlined in the last paragraph most probably means________.‎ A. settlement B. exercise C. excitement D. tiredness ‎[解析]词义猜测题。由文中最后一段最后一句"When you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger."可知，该词意为"锻炼"。[答案]B ‎8. Why does the author write this passage?‎ A. To tell people where to find gyms. B. To prove the basic need for climbing.‎ C. To encourage people to climb mountains. D. To introduce the sport of wall climbing.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可以判断出作者主要介绍了wall climbing这项运动。[答案]D ‎[八]‎ Despite the fact that it has never been seen, almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn (独角兽)．Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn-the socalled Indian Ass and the Oryx，a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn.‎ According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers，in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn，was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully，the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree.‎ When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorn's horn was said to have the power to offer protection against poison. It was believed that nobody could be harmed by drinking the contents of a unicorn's horn. Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used cups made of "unicorn" horn in order to protect the king. In addition, the horn was said to have medicinal value, so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold. What, then, was "unicorn" horn? We know ‎ at times the rhino (犀牛) was confused with this legendary creature. A drinking cup supposedly made of "unicorn" horn was discovered to be made of the horn of a rhino.‎ ‎4. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn?‎ A. It was not historically recorded.‎ B. Its horn was first used in France.‎ C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx.‎ D. It could be the symbol of a university.‎ ‎[解析]判断正误题。由第一段"Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family，town council or university as their special sign."可知，独角兽是贵族家庭、城镇理事会或大学的一个特殊标志。[答案]D ‎5. To catch a unicorn, the unicorntrappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT________.‎ A. tempting the unicorn to attack B. making use of the tree as a protection C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn D. having the unicorn horn stuck in the tree ‎[解析]细节理解题。由文中第二段可知，选项C在该段中没被提到。[答案]C ‎6. The last paragraph is mainly about________.‎ A. the properties of the unicorn horn B. the users of the unicorn horn C. the price of the unicorn horn D. the comparison between the unicorn horn and the rhino horn ‎[解析]主旨大意题。由文中最后一段的首句"...the unicorn's horn was said to have the power to offer protection against poison."可知，该段都是围绕着独角兽的角展开叙述的，说明独角兽的角是重要的财产。[答案]A ‎7. In the last paragraph, the word "unicorn" is in quotation marks(引号) because________.‎ A. the cup is designed only for a royal family B. the unicorn does not exist in reality C. the unicorn is the rarest animal in the world D. the medicinal value of the horn is appreciated ‎[解析]推理判断题。最后一段的最后两句可知，犀牛角的产品是真实存在的，而独角兽并不真正存在。‎ ‎[九]‎ Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting. But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by ‎ providing instruction for 10 15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day - which really for handwriting is pretty much.‎ Many adults remember learning that way - by copying letters over and over again. Today' s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself. Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.‎ Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility, which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency - writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.‎ But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about one fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.‎ But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board, which administers the SAT college admission test. More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.‎ ‎[语篇解读]文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。‎ ‎1．We can learn ________ from Paragraph 1.‎ A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching job B. most teachers prefer to teach handwriting C. teachers spend little time in teaching handwriting D. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段中"90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting"可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，A项为正确推论。根据"One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting"可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，B项错误；根据第一段末句可知C项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，D项错误。[答案]A ‎2．Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA?‎ A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.‎ B. The letters are repeated many times.‎ C. Handwriting includes two skills.‎ D. To write in cursive is taught first.‎ ‎[解析]细节认定题。根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B两项内容正确。根据第三段第一句可知C项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D项内容错误。[答案]D ‎3．The underlined word "legibility" in Paragraph 3 means ________.‎ A. easy to read B. complex C. unexpected D. unreadable ‎[解析]推测词义题。根据下文"which means forming the letters so they can be read"可推测画线词的意思是"清楚，易读"。[答案]A ‎4．The best title for the passage is ________.‎ A. How to improve handwriting in school B. Right or wrong: the death of handwriting C. Handwriting involves two skills D. Handwriting lessons are on the way out ‎[解析]标题归纳题。作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择B。A项没有涉及，C项只是其中一部分内容，D项只是一部分人的观点。[答案]B ‎5．The author' s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is________.‎ A. negative B. objective C. critical D. optimistic ‎[解析]态度判断题。根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。[答案]B ‎[十]‎ Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence, a Cardiff University study has found.‎ A team from the School of Dentistry' s Violence Research Group studied drinking habits in children aged 11 - 16 in England. They found not only a link between drink and violence but also that children who drank were more likely to be hit, even if they weren' t violent themselves.‎ The researchers are now calling for measures to prevent alcohol misuse to reduce injury risk. Current policy focuses on reducing aggression but this research shows that there should be equal effort to reduce victimization.‎ More than 4,000 children were surveyed at 13 schools at four local authorities in the North, the Midlands, London, and the South. The study found that 25% of 11-year-olds were drinking monthly and 3.6% daily, with 12.8% admitting to getting drunk 3 to 5 times a year. By the age of 16, 40% were drinking weekly and 6.2% were drinking every day. The research also showed 22.6% of 16-year-olds were getting drunk more than 21 times a year.‎ The study, which has just been published in the Journal of Adolescence, found a strong link between frequency of drinking and frequency of hitting other people.‎ However, children who reported drinking monthly were also three times more likely to be hit. Adolescents who drank but didn't get into fights were more likely to be hit than those who did fight.‎ Professor Jonathan Shepherd, who led the research, said a lot of previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offenders rather than the victims. His team is calling for more prevention work from parents and teachers in the first two years of secondary school by taking ‎ advantage of the "teachable moment"，that is, immediately after a student has missed school because of drunkenness.‎ Previous work by Professor Jonathan Shepherd has shown drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of reduced physical co-ordination, poor decision-making in threatening situations and isolation while out late at night.‎ He said, "This new study seems to be the first to show a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization. There now needs to he much more effort put into reducing alcohol misuse in order to reduce injury."‎ ‎[语篇解读]本文介绍了一项关于青少年酗酒的研究。该研究发现，酗酒的青少年更容易成为暴力的受害者。‎ ‎1. The main idea of the passage is that teenagers who drink alcohol________.‎ A. often offend other people B. often become injured C. are more likely to become victims of violence D. are more likely to fight with others ‎[解析]主旨大意题。根据第一段中的"Teenagers who drink alcohol are at higher risk of becoming victims of violence"可知答案为C。[答案]C ‎2．The underlined word "aggression" in the third paragraph probably means "________"．‎ A. violence B. sad feelings C. bad manners D. drunkenness ‎[解析]词义猜测题。根据上下文尤其是本句后半句可知，aggression与victimization意思相反，所以aggression是"暴力行为"的意思。[答案]A ‎3．The research argues that more effort should be made to________.‎ A. reduce aggression B. prevent fighting C. reduce victimization D. prevent drinking alcohol ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中的"this research shows that there should be equal effort to reduce victimization"可知答案为C。[答案]C ‎4．Drinkers may be more at risk of violence because of all the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A. reduced physical co-ordination B. isolation while out late at night C. a higher frequency of hitting other people D. poor decision-making in threatening situations ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知答案。[答案]C ‎5．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Professor Shepherd' s research?‎ A. The frequency of children getting drunk increases with age.‎ B. His previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offenders.‎ C. Some children missed school because of drunkenness.‎ D. This new study shows a direct link between alcohol misuse and victimization.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。B项偷换概念，原文为"a lot of previous alcohol-related violence work had focused on the offenders"，这些研究不一定就是这位教授以前的研究。[答案]B