2021版高考英语一轮复习导学案：Unit5Meetingyourancestors导学案新人教版选修8

2021版高考英语一轮复习导学案：Unit5Meetingyourancestors导学案新人教版选修8

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors 阅 读 词 汇 ‎1.excavate vt.　　　　挖掘;发掘 ‎2.mat n. 席子;垫子 ‎3.quilt n. 被子;棉被 ‎4.beast n. 野兽 ‎5.onion n. 洋葱 ‎6.skateboard n. 滑板 ‎7.yogurt n. 酸乳酪;酸奶 ‎8.melon n. (各种)瓜 ‎9.wrinkle n. 皱纹 ‎10.spear n. 矛;枪 ‎11.eyebrow n. 眉毛 ‎12.arrowhead n. 箭头 ‎13.hammer n. 铁锤;锤子 ‎14.craftsmanship n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作 ‎15.punctuation n. 标点符号 识 记 词 汇 ‎1.identify vt.　　　　确认;识别;鉴别 ‎2.alternative n. 可能的选择 adj. 供选择的;其他的 ‎3.archaeology n. 考古学(<美>archeology)‎ ‎4.archaeological adj. 考古学的;与考古学有关的(<美>archeological)‎ ‎5.archaeologist n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist)‎ ‎6.starvation n. 挨饿;饿死 ‎7.tentative adj. 试探性的;不确定的 ‎8.accuracy n. 精确;准确 ‎9.interrupt vt.& vi. 打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止 ‎10.acute adj. 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的 ‎11.assume vt. 假定;设想 - 10 -‎ ‎12.regardless adv. 不管;不顾 ‎13.centimetre n. 厘米(<美>centimeter)‎ ‎14.sharpen vi.&vt. (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰 ‎15.sharpener n. 磨具;削具 ‎16.kindergarten n. 幼儿园 ‎17.ample adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的 ‎18.messy adj. 凌乱的;脏的 ‎19.primitive adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的 识 记 词 汇 ‎20.seashell n.　　　海贝壳 ‎21.category n. 种类;类别;范畴 ‎22.botany n. 植物学 ‎23.botanical adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的 ‎24.analysis n.(pl.analyses)‎ ‎ 分析 ‎25.ripen vt.& vi. 使……成熟;成熟 ‎26.significance n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义 ‎27.somehow adv. 以……方式;不知怎么地 ‎28.systematic adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的 ‎29.spit vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)‎ vi. 吐痰 ‎30.delete vt. 删;删除 ‎31.album n. 相册;集邮册;唱片 ‎32.scratch n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠 vt. 搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏 ‎33.academy n. 学院;学会;学术团体;院校 ‎34.receptionist n. 接待员;招待员 ‎35.radioactive adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的 ‎36.radioactivity n. 放射性 ‎37.division n. 分割;划分;分配;分界线 - 10 -‎ ‎38.pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动 n. 脉搏;节拍 ‎39.applaud vi.&vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏 ‎40.howl vt.&vi. 嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫 n. 长嚎;嗥叫 ‎41.accelerate vi.&vt.‎ ‎ 加速;促进 ‎42.arrest vt. 逮捕;吸引 n. 逮捕;拘留 ‎43.dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的;眩晕的;使人发晕或困惑的 ‎44.worship vt.& vi. 崇拜;敬奉 n. 崇拜;敬神 ‎45.skilful adj. 有技巧的;熟练的(<美>skillful)‎ 拓 展 词 汇 ‎1.identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性 ‎2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.(使)挨饿;饿死 ‎3.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.准确的;精确的→accurately adv.准确地;精确地 ‎4.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止→interruption n.打断;打岔;中止 ‎5.assume vt.假定;设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption n.设想;假定;担任 ‎6.sharpen v.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰;削尖→sharp adj.锋利的→sharpener n.磨具;削具;铅笔刀 ‎7.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的→mess n.凌乱;脏 ‎8.analysis n.分析→analyses (pl.)→analyse vt.分析 ‎9.ripen v.使……成熟;成熟→ripe adj.成熟的 ‎10.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant adj.重要的 ‎11.systematic adj.有系统的;有计划的;有条理的→system n.系统;制度 ‎12.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校→academic adj.学术的;理论的 - 10 -‎ ‎13.receptionist n.接待员;招待员→receive v.接收→reception n.接待;接收 ‎ 拓 展 词 汇 ‎14.division n. 划分;分割;分配;分界线→divide v. 分开;分割;划分 ‎15.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause n. 鼓掌 ‎16.accelerate v.加速;促进→acceleration n. 加速度 ‎17.skilful adj.有技巧的;熟练的→skilled adj.熟练的;有技能的→skill n.技能;技巧 短 语 记 忆 ‎1.regardless of　　　　不管;不顾 ‎2.cut up 切碎 ‎3.fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦 ‎4.date back (to...) 追溯到;始于 ‎ ‎5.at most 至多;最多 ‎6.look ahead 向前看;为将来打算 句 型 整 理 ‎1.If only it could be just like last year!‎ 要是能像去年那样该有多好呀!‎ ‎2.Abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,Luna.‎ 她突然坐了下去,结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。‎ 重点 语法 Revise the verb tenses(including the Present Perfect Continuous Tense)‎ ‎[复习动词的时态(包括现在完成进行时)]‎ ‎1.alternative n.可能的选择 adj.供选择的;其他的 归纳拓展 ‎①have no alternative but to do sth.‎ 别无选择只好做某事 ‎②there’s no alternative...……别无选择 - 10 -‎ ‎③an alternative to...……的替代品 完成句子 ‎①但幸运的是,有一种替代品:玉米粉。‎ But fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour.‎ 一句多译 除了向警察举报他,我别无选择。‎ ‎②I have no choice but to report him to the police.‎ ‎③I can’t help but report him to the police.‎ ‎④I can do nothing but report him to the police.‎ ‎⑤I have no alternative but to report him to the police.‎ ‎ 表示“别无选择,只得……”的表达方式还有:have no choice but to do; can’t choose but do; can’t (help) but do; can do nothing but do。 ‎ ‎2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止 归纳拓展 ‎①interrupt sb.打断某人讲话或正在做的事 ‎②without interruption 不间断地 ‎③be interrupted by被……打断 单句填空 ‎①Does the words“get bogged down” mean “be interrupted (interrupt)”? (2018年11月浙江,阅读理解C)‎ ‎②Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption(interrupt).‎ ‎③Suddenly,the old lady’s work was interrupted(interrupt) by the cackling of her hen.‎ 词语辨析:‎ interrupt 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为,使其不能继续。‎ disturb 较正式用词,多用被动语态。指扰乱,使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序,是程度较深的烦恼。‎ 用interrupt,disturb的适当形式填空 ‎①It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.‎ 在别人讲话时插嘴是不礼貌的。‎ - 10 -‎ ‎②He was disturbed to hear of her illness.‎ 听说了她的病情,他很焦虑。‎ ‎3.assume vt.假定,设想;采用,承担 归纳拓展 ‎①assume sb.∕sth. to be 假定∕假设某人∕某事为 ‎②It is assumed that...……被认为……‎ ‎③assuming (that)...=supposing (that)...假设∕假定……‎ ‎④make an assumption认为;假定 完成句子 ‎①一会儿之后,他们发现了(人和狼),他们也认为是一条狗跟在骑自行车的人后面跑。‎ A bit later,they spotted what they,too,assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike.(2017年6月浙江,读后续写)‎ ‎②假如下雨的话,我们该怎么办?‎ Assuming∕Supposing (that) it rains,what shall we do? ‎ ‎ 在英语中,有些看上去是动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式的词,实际上可直接用作介词或连词。例如:considering prep.& conj.“鉴于,考虑到”;including prep.“包括,包含”;supposing conj.“假设,假如”;provided∕providing conj.“假设,如果”;concerning prep.“关于”;given prep.“鉴于,考虑到”等。‎ ‎4.somehow adv.以……方式;不知怎么地,不知为什么 归纳拓展 ‎①anyhow 无论如何 ‎②anyway 无论如何;不管怎样 ‎③somewhat有点儿,有几分;颇为 选词填空(somehow/anyhow/anyway/somewhat)‎ ‎①婴儿的玩耍在某种程度上类似于科学家的实验。‎ A baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment.‎ ‎②不管怎样,你今天必须完成这项工作。‎ Anyway you must finish the work today.‎ ‎③这价格比我预料的高了一点。‎ The price is somewhat higher than I expected.‎ ‎5.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义 - 10 -‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①the significance of...……的重要性∕含义 ‎②be of (great)significance=be (very) significant有(重大)意义∕(非常)重要 ‎③be of no significance无意义∕不重要 ‎④be of little significance不太重要 ‎⑤attach great significance∕importance to (doing) sth.认为做某事有重大意义∕很重要 单句填空 ‎①As a child,Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant (significance).　(2019年6月浙江,阅读理解A)‎ ‎②I was dumbfounded at the significance(significant) of it.‎ ‎③So far,research has not produced anything of very great significance.‎ ‎1.regardless of 不注意;不顾;不管(强调不认为某事非常重要,从而对其不理会、不重视)‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①in spite of 尽管,不顾=despite ‎②as regards=regarding=in∕with regard to 关于,至于 ‎③regard sb.as 把某人看作 完成句子 ‎①不管你选择了什么课程,你的语言能力都会迅速有效地提高。‎ Regardless of your choice of course,you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.‎ ‎②But if he’s out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses (无论他的队伍是输还是赢).　(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)‎ ‎2.cut up 切碎;剁碎;使伤心,使难受 归纳拓展 ‎①cut off 切断,中断;使与外界隔绝 ‎②cut down 砍倒;缩减 ‎③cut through 剪断,凿穿,开辟(出路或通道)‎ ‎④cut in (on sb.∕sth.)打断;打搅;插嘴 用cut的相关短语填空 - 10 -‎ ‎①当所有的朋友都拒绝帮助他时,他极为难过。‎ He was really cut up when all his friends refused to help him.‎ ‎②由于地震,电力中断。‎ The electricity was cut off due to the earthquake.‎ ‎③然后我问他是否削减了小鸡们的食量。‎ Then I asked him if he had cut down the amount of feed he had given the chickens.‎ ‎3.fed up with受够了;饱受;厌烦 归纳拓展 ‎①feed sth.to sb.∕sth.喂……给……‎ ‎②feed sb.∕sth.on sth.用……喂养……‎ ‎③feed on sth.以……为食 ‎④feed back反馈 用feed的相关短语填空 ‎①人们厌烦所有这些交通堵塞。‎ People are fed up with all these traffic jams.‎ ‎②你满脸不高兴的样子,怎么啦?‎ You look fed up.What’s the matter?‎ ‎③这只鸟以什么为食?‎ What does this bird feed on?‎ ‎4.date back (to...)追溯到……;始于 归纳拓展 ‎①date from = date back to追溯到;始于 ‎②up to date时髦的 ‎③out of date过时的 完成句子 ‎①这可以追溯到她学弹钢琴的童年时期。‎ It can date back to her childhood when she learned to play the piano.‎ ‎②The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date from the Middle Ages(它的藏品可以追溯到中世纪).(2018江苏,阅读理解A)‎ ‎①date back to∕date from一般无进行时态,也无被动语态。‎ - 10 -‎ ‎②当谈论现在的某一物品时,虽然该物品生产于过去某一时间,但时态用现在时态。‎ ‎③在句中作定语时,因为date back to∕date from实际表示“历史多久的状态”,所以用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎1.If only it could be just like last year!‎ 要是能像去年那样该有多好呀!‎ 归纳拓展 if only的用法:‎ ‎①表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.+did∕were sth.结构。‎ ‎②表示与将来事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.could∕would do∕be sth.结构。‎ ‎③表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.had done∕been sth.或if only sb.could have done∕been sth.结构。‎ 完成句子 ‎①要是我有辆车,我就能离开这个地方了。‎ If only I had a car,I could get out of this place.‎ ‎②要是她没把手机留在Tom身上的包里该多好呀!‎ If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom.‎ 词语辨析:‎ if only ‎“但愿……,要是……就好了”,常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。‎ only if ‎“只有……”,引导陈述语气的真实条件句,重点在only上。‎ 选词填空(if only/only if)‎ ‎①If only I could speak several foreign languages!‎ 我要是能讲几种外语就好了!‎ ‎②Only if you try your best can you study English well.‎ 只有当你竭尽全力时,你才能学好英语。‎ ‎2.Abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,Luna.‎ 她突然坐了下去,结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。‎ only to do∕only to be done 表示出乎意料的结果。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①to do一般表示目的状语(为了……)或结果状语(如be too...to do∕be... enough to do)‎ - 10 -‎ ‎②doing 则常表示自然而然的结果。‎ 完成句子 ‎①那些猪太紧张而吃不下东西。‎ The pigs were even too nervous to eat.‎ ‎②不幸的是,他的父亲去世了,这使他的家庭更加困顿。‎ Unfortunately,his father died,leaving the family even worse off.‎ ‎③他赶往车站,发现∕被告知火车几分钟前开走了。‎ He hurried to the station,only to find∕be told the train had left minutes ago.‎ - 10 -‎