专题01冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题01冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ 冠词是高考中的高频考点，主要以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主。预测今后考点分布在对不定冠词的考查；定冠词的考查；不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正确使用。‎ 从高考命题来看，冠词考点常以单项填空、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。‎ 建议在复习时：‎ ‎1．掌握冠词的基本用法；‎ ‎2．掌握冠词的习惯用法；‎ ‎3．在解答试题时，要从翻译的角度去做，如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思，就能够解答此题。‎ 复习建议 ‎1. 根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢，这是你做好试题的前提。‎ ‎2. 熟悉一些名词的用法，和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词，有时候被具体化的情况，也是考查的重点。‎ ‎ 3. 多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 冠词是历年高考的必考知识点，常出现在单项选择、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错中。 虽说只有两类，共三个（不定冠词a, an和定冠词the)，但其使用规则很复杂，一直是让考生感到很头痛的一类命题。需要说明的是：在近年高考试题中，冠词主要是在语法填空的语篇和短文改错中进行考查。‎ 但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及到冠词的运用。因而不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点知识。 纵观历年高考试题，冠词考点主要集中在以下内容：‎ ‎1.考查不定冠词a ，an表示个别或泛指的用法；‎ ‎2.考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法；‎ ‎3.考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法；‎ ‎4.考查零冠词（即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法；‎ ‎5.考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法；‎ ‎6.考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法；‎ ‎7.考查冠词在比较级前的用法；‎ ‎8. 考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 冠词是历年高考的常考点。主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。‎ 考点1 不定冠词的用法 ‎1．指人或事物的某一类，这是不定冠词的基本用法 A car runs faster than a truck．小汽车比卡车跑得快。‎ ‎2．表示数量“一个”，但一般不能与one互换 Rome was not built in a day．罗马不是一天建起来的。‎ ‎3．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物 A Mr Li is waiting for you outside．一位李先生在外面等你。(不知道那位李先生是谁)‎ ‎4．用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”‎ ‎①He goes home to see his parents once a month．他每月回家一次去看父母。‎ ‎②He can gain five yuan an hour in the shop．他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。‎ ‎5．表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时，用不定冠词 ‎①I only want a small supper because of cold．由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。‎ ‎②People usually have quite a good dinner on festivals．人们在过节时通常会吃一顿相当丰盛的大餐。‎ ‎6．有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再……又……”‎ ‎①She invited him to come to the party a second time．她再次邀请他来参加聚会。‎ ‎②Then a third boy came to join US．接着又一个孩子加人了我们。‎ ‎7．有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词 a paper一份报纸；a tea一杯茶；a beauty一个美人；a surprise一件意想不到的事；a pity一件遗憾的事；an honor一个(件)光荣的人(事)‎ ‎8．不定冠词还可以用于“a most+adj’．+n．”结构，注意在此结构中没有表示可比较的范围状语，“most”相当于“very”‎ Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city and I’11 come for a second time．厦门是个非常美丽的海滨城市，我还要再来一次。‎ ‎9．不定冠词还可以用于“a+比较级+名词”结构，与否定词连用时，表示“从来没有比这更……”，具有最高级含义 I have never spent a more worrying day．我从未有过比这更烦人的一天。‎ ‎10．用于短语搭配中 ‎(1)“have/take+a(n)+与动词同形的名词”，表示动作的一次。如：‎ have/take a rest休息一会儿 have/take a look看一下 have/take a bath洗个澡 ‎(2)“go out for a(n)+名词”，表示从事某项活动。如：‎ go out for a picnic去野餐 ‎(3)用于习惯搭配中。如：‎ come to an end结束；drop sb a line给某人写信；at a disadvantage处于不利地位；in a way从一方面说；in a word总之；in a sense就某种意义来说；with a view to为了，鉴于。‎ 典例： In order to find_______ better job, he decided to study______second foreign language.‎ A. the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】第一空泛指“一个更好的工作”；第二空的a second表示：再一次，又一次。句意：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学一门外语。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点2：定冠词的用法 ‎1．特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，这是定冠词的基本用法 ‎①The books on the desk were published last month．桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。‎ ‎②The factory I mentioned has installed a new assembly line．我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。‎ ‎③We were all lost in the beauty of nature．我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。‎ ‎2．再次提到前面已出现的人或事物，表示特指 He told us a story，but 1 was not interested in the story．他给我们讲了一个故事，但我对这个故事不感兴趣。‎ ‎3．指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。‎ We went to the station to see the manager off．我们去车站为经理送行。‎ ‎4．用在某些可数名词单数前，用来指事物的整体(总称)以将其与其他事物区别开来 ‎①The telephone was invented by Bell．电话是贝尔发明的。‎ ‎②The elephant is much stronger than the horse．象比马强壮得多。‎ ‎5．用在表示某国人的名词前 the Chinese中国人；the French法国人；the English英国人；‎ the Spanish西班牙人；the Japanese日本人。‎ ‎6．某些形容词或分词前加定冠词the表示一类人(表示复数)the homeless无家可归的人；the rich富人；the poor穷人；the blind盲人；the old老年人；the young年轻人；the strong强者；‎ the weak弱者；the sick病人；the wounded伤者。‎ ‎7．在序数词前要加定冠词the(有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再”“又”)‎ She lives on the twelfth floor．她住在十二楼。‎ ‎8．在形容词最高级及形容词only(唯一的)，very(正是那个)，same(同样的)等前加定冠词the ‎①This is the most interesting film I have ever seen．这是我看过的最有趣的电影。‎ ‎②He must be the only student who has ever been to the city in our class．他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的学生。‎ ‎③That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for．那正是我要找的东西。‎ ‎9．在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词the the earth地球；the moon月亮；the sun太阳；the sky天空；the universe宇宙；the world世界；the air空中；the ground地面。‎ It is the east，and Juliet is the sun．那是东方，而朱丽叶就是太阳。‎ ‎10．用于时间、重量等单位名词之前，表示每一个单位 ‎①The boat is hired by the hour．小船按小时出租。‎ ‎②There are two or three apples to the pound．每磅有两三个苹果。‎ ‎11．在表示方位、方向的名词前用定冠词the in the east/south/west/north在东/南/西/北方；on the right/left在右/左边。‎ ‎12．在表江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、海峡、海湾等专有名词前，要用定冠词the the Yellow River黄河；the Rhine莱茵河；the Pacific太平洋；the Red Sea红海；the Himalayas喜马拉雅山脉；the British Isles不列颠群岛；the Taiwan Strait台湾海峡；the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠。‎ ‎13．用在逢“十”的数词前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1980s/1980’s在20世纪80年代。‎ 14． 乐器名称前用定冠词the She plays the piano best in her class.她纲琴在班上弹得最好。‎ ‎1.在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“......一家”‎ the Browns布朗一家；the Lis姓李的一家。‎ ‎2.用在“动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位的名词”这一固定结构中 ‎ hit sb in the face打某人的脸；‎ take sb by the arm hand抓住某人的胳膊手； pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩； hit sb on the head打某人的头。‎ 特别提示：‎ 在该结构中，不能用物主代词替代定冠词，常用于该结构的动词有pat, strike, beat, hit, catch, put, take 等。‎ ‎3.在短语搭配中 in the end 最后；come to the point 谈到正题；on the contrary 相反；in the morning 在 早晨；in the distance 在远处；in the water 在水中；on: the subject of 关于 的主题；‎ on the air在广播。‎ 典例：The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.‎ A. the；a B. 不填；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点3 不用冠词的情况 ‎1．可数名词复数表示泛指时，以及抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时。‎ ‎①Where there’s smoke，there’s fire．[谚]无风不起浪。‎ ‎②Many hands make light work．[谚]人多好做事。‎ ‎2．三餐、球类运动、娱乐名称、节日、星期、月份和日期前一般不用冠词，表季节的名词前用不用the意思没有区别。‎ ‎①play football/basketball/volleyball踢足球/打篮影打排球；play chess/cards下棋/打牌；New Year’s Day元旦(“the Spring Festival春节”例外)。‎ ‎②He had nothing for breakfast this morning．他今天早上没有吃早饭。‎ 特别提示 有时在星期、月份和日期前加不定冠词，表示泛指。如：on a Monday在一个礼拜一；a very wet April一个雨水很多的四月。‎ ‎3．在学科、语言、称呼语、大部分疾病名称或表头衔的名词前，不用冠词。‎ ‎①I think physics is more interesting than maths．我认为物理比数学有趣。‎ ‎②What’s the matter，Granny?奶奶，出什么事了吗?‎ ‎③Cancer is a terrible disease．癌症是一种可怕的疾病。‎ ‎4．在turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的名词前，不用冠词 He has turned doctor．他已是名医生了。‎ ‎5．在as，though引导的倒装分句中，名词前不用冠词。‎ Child as/though Tom is，you can’t fool him．虽然汤姆是个孩子，但你不能欺骗他。‎ ‎6．在专有名词（洲名、人名、城市名、街道名、港口名、航空站名、火车站名、公园名、机关名及院校名）之前，一般不用冠词。‎ Asia亚洲；Mary玛丽；Shanghai上海；Wall Street华尔街；‎ Pearl Harbor珍珠港；Beihai Park北海公园；Beijing University北京大学。‎ ‎7．在一些固定短语中，名词前不用冠词 at night在夜里；at home在家；day after day 日复一日；by telephone打电话；in danger在危险中；on purpose故意地。‎ 典例：Mr．Peterson, headmaster of the high school, made speech at the opening ceremony of the competition.‎ ‎ A．不填；a B．不填；the C．a; 不填 D．the; 不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【解祈】第一空表示头衔的headmaster作同位语时，其前不用冠词；第二空make a speech是个固定短语，意为：做演讲。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ 考点4 有无冠词，意义不同 by day在白天 by the day按天计算 in case of以防 in the case of就……来说 in charge of 负责，管理 in the charge of 由……负责 in office 执政 in the office 在办公室 in sight(of)看见 in the sight(of)在 ……看来 go to sea去当水手 go to the sea到海边去 ‎ out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能 ‎ take advice征求意见 take the advice听从劝告 ‎ be of age 成年 be of all age 同龄 ‎ go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂 ‎ in prison 坐牢 in the prison 在监狱 特别提示 当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：‎ He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed. 他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。‎ 典例：George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr．Anderson，but she was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church．‎ A． ‎/；the B．the；/ C．a；/ D．/；a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解祈】不定冠词用于表示星期的名词前，泛指“某个星期几”；at church表示 “做礼拜”，at the church “在教堂”。故本题选C。句意：George记不清他第一次见到Mr．Anderson的时间了，但是她确信那是一个星期日，因为大家在做礼拜。‎ ‎【考点定位】考査冠词的用法。‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考试题 语法填空 ‎【2018·全国II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.‎ ‎【2018·全国III】I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs.‎ ‎61. 考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”‎ ‎62. 考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。‎ 短文改错 ‎【2018·全国I】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.‎ ‎1. countryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。‎ ‎【2018·全国II】As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.‎ 第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。‎ 第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。‎ 第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。‎ ‎【2018·全国III】I had done myself homework but I was shy.‎ 第五处：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself，或改为定冠词the也可以。‎ ‎2017年高考试题 语法填空 ‎【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.‎ ‎65. a　考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。‎ ‎【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64.________ top.‎ ‎63. laying　考查非谓语动词。此处用lay的动名词形式laying与前面的digging形成并列。该词填空难度较大，若考生未辨明lie—lying/lay/lain和lay—laying/laid/laid等特殊词形变化会导致错误。‎ ‎64. the　考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。‎ ‎【2017·全国卷Ⅲ】‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm 61.________ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.‎ ‎61. resting　考查非谓语动词。spend…(in) doing sth是固定句式，意为“花……做某事”。‎ ‎62. a　考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.‎ ‎65. a　考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要不定冠词a。‎ 短文改错 ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]I still remember how hard first day was.‎ ‎2. first前加the或my　考查冠词或物主代词。“我”依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾驶的第一天，所以在first前加上the，也可以加上my。my first day表示“我(学驾驶)的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.‎ ‎2.‎ ‎ 第一个a改为an或one　考查冠词用法。名词hour虽然是辅音字母开头，但发音为元音，用an或one均可。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ] Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.‎ ‎6. picture前加this/the　考查限定词。根据语境可知这张照片是上文提到的照片，是特指，故需要用限定词this/the修饰。‎ ‎2016年高考试题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.‎ A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别，定冠词the表示特指，不定冠词a/an表示泛指；对于冠词特指和泛指的考查是历年来高考的必考点，平时的学习要多进行积累，仔细分析特指还是泛指。同时，更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达，特殊表达，这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方。总而言之，多解题、多理解、多积累才是关键。做冠词的题目语感非常重要，平时阅读的时候，注意出现冠词的地方，体会是特指还是泛指。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ ‎【答案】46. studies 47. regularly 48. a ‎【解析】‎ ‎46.studies 考查名词单复数。本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词studies。‎ ‎47.regualrly 考查副词。在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。‎ ‎48.a 考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。‎ ‎2.【2016·上海】(B)‎ Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. ‎ ‎36. a  考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） ‎ My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.‎ ‎7. becoming前加of 8. the →a ‎7. becoming前加of 考查介词。 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。 ‎ ‎8. the →a 考查冠词。 固定短语：in a short time在短时间内。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ But in that case, we will learn little about world. ‎ ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.‎ ‎53. the去掉考查冠词。at first起初，是固定词组，不需要冠词，故把the去掉。‎ ‎4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.‎ ‎7.在in和kitchen之间加the 句意：我在厨房里做饭。此处特指在厨房里。故在in和kitchen之间加the。‎ ‎5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we’d greet her at the door.‎ ‎68.【答案】at后面加the ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： at the end of为固定搭配，意为“在……结束的时候”。故at后面加the。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎2015年高考试题 一、单项填空 ‎1．[2015·四川卷] Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.‎ A．a B．an ‎ C．the D．不填 ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】此处表示“下一个贝多芬”，应使用不定冠词。句意：布赖恩在谱曲上有天赋，他很可能成为下一个贝多芬。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】考查冠词。冠词是高考英语中的难点和重点，考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。本题中首先根据Beethoven排除选项B，因为不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。通常情况下人名前是不加冠词的，但是如果指一个像某个名人的人时，在这个人名前加不定冠词。‎ ‎2. [2015·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.‎ A. The; the B. A; a ‎ C. The; a D. A; the ‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】此处冠词构成“the ＋比较级…， the ＋比较级…”句型，表示“越……就越……”。故选A。句意：一个人学的东西越多，他就会越谦虚。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这里用的是：the +比较级+主谓， the +比较级+主谓的句型，学生在平时应该多积累这些包含冠词的短语和句型。‎ ‎3．[2015·浙江卷] Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many ‎ years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.‎ A．a; / B．the；the C．/; the D．a；the ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【解析】句意：简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书，但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠词a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“挡道，阻碍”，所以用定冠词the。综合以上内容可知选D项。本题的第一空有些考生可能会错选the，认为是特定情况，但要注意the表示确切的某地或某时的状况，而此处没有限定children's book的相关信息。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的考查一直以来是一个易错点，虽然冠词只有3个(a , an, the) 但是麻雀虽小五脏俱全，考查起来往往会弄错。名词第一次出现或泛指时，冠词用a/an，，但名词的首字母是（A、E、I、O、U）发音时，用an, 如：apple, English, important, operation, unusual, 特殊的有umbrella, hour, honest用an, university, unique, usual 用 a。‎ 名词第二次出现用the；①强调特指时用the；②the + 最高级，③ the + 形容词（rich 【富人】, poor【穷人】, wounded【伤者】, dead【死者】, elderly【长者】）表某一类人 ④the+比较级（the more .. the better）⑤the +序数词 （表顺序）; 'a+ 序数词 （表“又，再”），⑥固定搭配 (in the way 挡道)。‎ 另外，也需要注意零冠词的情况。零冠词用法归纳：独一职位在某地，用作表/补/同位语；独立主格作状语，用by短语表方式；man字一词指人类，对比含义两名词；系词turn+名单数，街/路/期刊与杂志；具体意义变抽象，as/though之倒装句；人名/地名/国一词，抽象/物质不特指；桥名/单岛/单山峰，一专加一普专用词；月份/星期/节假日，学科/语言/称呼语；颜色/病名/五感觉，棋类/球类/三餐词；复数名词系泛指，固定词组惯用语；以上情况请记住，其前均用零冠词。‎ ‎4. [2015·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask. ‎ A. the; /　　　B. a; /　　　C. the; a　　　D. a; the ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：‎ 我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】冠词的运用要把握 a 一般表示 泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一” 。the 表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。定冠词的用法口诀，特指双熟悉，上文已提及； 世上独无二，序数最高级； 某些专有名，习语及乐器 要牢记对于做题非常有帮助。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎1.[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________ most modern of architects and engineers.‎ ‎[解析]‎ ‎61. built 　build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。 ‎ ‎62. the 　空格后面的most是形容词最高级，故前面使用the。‎ ‎2.[2015·广东卷] ‎ Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned ‎[解析]‎ ‎16. a　考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。‎ 三、短文改错 ‎1.【2015·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.‎ ‎[解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。‎ ‎2. 【2015·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. ‎ ‎【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词 in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配。‎ ‎3.【2015·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. ‎ ‎【解析】a改为the 由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。‎ ‎4.【2015·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. ‎ ‎【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎2014年高考试题 一、单项填空 ‎1.【2014·重庆卷】6. I can’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎2.【2014·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.‎ A. an; the B. the; a C. the ;/ D. / ; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：生活就像一片海；只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean海洋，是可数名词，又是元音开头，所以用an；strong-willed是形容词，前面用the 表一类。所以选A。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎3.【2014·江西卷】22. They chose Tom to be ___captain of the team because they knew he was __smart leader.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词用法 ‎4.【2014·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.‎ A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。‎ ‎【知识拓展】不定冠词的用法: 1) 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。如：I gave him a book yesterday. 我昨天给了他一本书。2) 表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。 如：A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。3) 不定冠词用在事物的"单位"前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 "每一"。 如：We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。4）用在序数词前表示“再一”、“又一”。如：I want to go there a second time我想再一次去那里。5）不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。 如：A boy came to see you a moment ago. 刚才有一个小孩来找你。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎5.【2014·浙江卷】2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.‎ ‎   A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填；the ‎【答案】A ‎【试题分析】第一空a表示“每一”；into the night到深夜；句意：我的论文下个月就要交，我现在一周工作七天，还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎1.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ ‎ the　“one of＋可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高级，用来修饰examples；形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。‎ ‎2.[2014·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.‎ ‎23. the　考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。‎ 三、短文改错 ‎1.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.‎ ‎【解析】As后加a 考查固定短语中的冠词。此处As a result意为：结果。是固定表达。‎ ‎2.[2014·陕西卷]That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a ‎ impressive lesson about gravity!‎ ‎【解析】a改成an 考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头，所以用an。‎ ‎3.[2014·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.‎ ‎【解析】a改成the 考查冠词的用法。此处ticket前面提到的ticket，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎4.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. ‎ ‎【解析】去掉the 考查冠词的用法。此处flowers and trees复数表泛指，故不用冠词。‎ ‎5.[2014·四川卷]Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.‎ ‎【解析】a改成the 考查冠词的用法。此处的fire指前面提到的fire，故用the。‎ ‎2013年高考试题 ‎1．[2013·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.‎ A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the ‎【答案】B　 ‎ ‎【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”， “the”则表特指， 意为“这个， 那个，这些，那些”。句意为： “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦， 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。‎ ‎2．[2013·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.‎ A. a ; / B. the ; the ‎ C. a ; the D. / ; /‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】句意：动物很明显是比人类更低的一种生命形式。form为可数名词，在此泛指为一种生命形式，故用不定冠词；man用来泛指“人类”时，前常不加冠词。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎3．[2013·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.‎ A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填 ‎【答案】B　‎ ‎【解析】句意：这是一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚，明亮的月光划过夜空。a cold winter night“一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚”，表示泛指；sky要用定冠词修饰。故选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎4．[2013·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.‎ A．the; a B．a; 不填 ‎ C．不填； the D．the; the ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎5．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________ break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.‎ A．a; a B. the; the ‎ C．/; the D．a; /‎ ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】句意：四个半小时的讨论一直持续到半夜，我们休息了一下，吃点奶酪、巧克力，喝点加糖的茶。four and a half hours四个半小时；后面a break表示“休息一下”。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎6．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.‎ A./; a B. the; a ‎ C. an; / D. an; the ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】此处independence是不可数名词，因此和不定冠词连用。gain independence(获得独立)或declare independence(宣布独立)是固定短语，不和冠词连用，故第一个空不填任何冠词。第二空a long struggle意为：一场长期的斗争。故A正确。句意：印度在经过一段长期的斗争之后，在1947年获得独立。‎ ‎【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎7．[2013·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. ‎ A. a; an B. a; /‎ C. /; the D. the; an ‎【答案】A　‎ ‎【解析】第一空a preference表示“一种倾向性的喜好”，用不定冠词a表示“一个，一种”的概念，同时have/develop a preference for sth.也可以看作是固定词组，表示“对某物的偏好，喜爱”；而第二空at an early age是固定词组，意为“在幼年时期”， 也表示“一个，一种”的概念。故选A项。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎8．[2013·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.‎ A．a; / B．the; / ‎ C．the; an D．a; an ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明，因此用定冠词；第二空需要的手术是首次提及，用不定冠词。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词用法。‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎1.【河北省石家庄市第二中学2018届高三最后一卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式 As you know, science plays ___41___ very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up ___42___ the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites ___43___ you can check out the latest in the science world.‎ One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news ___44___ (cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this, site ___45___ (suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day,___46___ (call) Science Daily. The site is ___47___ (constant) updated with news, often about ‎ exciting ___48___ (finding) that change how we view the world.‎ These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they ___49___ (post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that ___50___ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.‎ ‎【答案】41. a 42. with ‎ ‎43. where 44. covering ‎ ‎45. suitable ‎ ‎46. is called ‎ ‎47. constantly ‎ ‎48. findings ‎ ‎49. posted 50. is ‎【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了一些报道最新科站。‎ ‎41. 考查固定用法。play a very important role in起着非常重要的作用,是固定用法，所以填a。‎ ‎42. 考查固定短语。你想赶得上最新的科学研究发现吗？keep up with赶得上，是固定用法，所以填with。‎ ‎43. 考查定语从句。___3___ you can check out the latest in the science world.是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。‎ ‎44. 考查非谓语动词。cover与其逻辑主语This site之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填covering。‎ ‎45. 考查固定结构。find + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“发现某人(物)……”。形容词作find的宾语补足语，所以填suitable。‎ ‎46. one与call之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，综上所述，用一般现在时的被动语态，填is called。‎ ‎47. 考查副词。修饰动词updated，用副词，所以填constantly。‎ ‎48. 考查名词单复数。经常是关于一些令人激动的发现。“令人激动的发现”是复数意义，所以填findings。‎ ‎2. 【陕西省洛南中学2018届高三第八次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Volunteering to help people in need combined ___41___ travelling to faraway places is ___42___ new trend in the travel industry. It is called voluntourism. People travel to other countries, learn languages and other cultures and gain new ___43___ ( experience ). Recent statistics show that in the past few years voluntourism ___44___ ( be) one of the fastest - growing areas of tourism, More than 1.6 million people around the world are volunteers in other countries. They work in orphanages (孤儿院), help build schools, assist in hospitals and do farming work in ___45___ (develop) countries. There are many reasons ___46___ people want to engage in voluntourism, Students see it as a gap year after school, while others ___47___ ( simple) want to take time out from a job and do something else. However, some voluntourists do not see volunteering ___48___ What it is. They only think it is a cheap way ___49___（travel）and don’t really want to get ___50___ （involve） in hard work.‎ ‎【答案】41. with ‎ ‎42. a 43. experiences ‎ ‎44. Has been ‎ ‎45. developing ‎ ‎46. why 47. simply ‎ ‎48. as 49. of travelling / to travel ‎ ‎50. invoked ‎【解析】本文介绍了旅游产业的一个新趋势voluntourism：把去远方旅行和志愿帮助那些有需要的人结合起来。既帮助了别人，又增长了见识。‎ ‎41. 考查介词。此处为固定搭配，combine with“结合”。句意：把志愿帮助有需要的人和去远方旅行结合起来是旅游业的一种新趋势。‎ ‎42. 考查冠词。trend是可数名词，此处做单数用，泛指，意为“一种新的趋势”，故填a。‎ ‎43. 考查名词。根据空格特点可知，是填名词，因为前有形容词修饰，意为“获取新的经历”，当experience作“经历”理解时是可数名词，根据句意可知此处用复数。‎ ‎44. 考查时态。此处可根据标志性的时间状语in the past few years来确定，只要句中有这个时间状语：介词+the past/last……就可确定时态为现在完成时，本题句子主语是单数，故填has been。‎ ‎45. 考查形容词。此处指发展中国家，用developing，而developed country意思是“发达国家”。‎ ‎46. 考查连词。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是reasons，从句主语宾语都有，缺少状语，故用关系副词why。‎ ‎47. 考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词want作状语，填simply。‎ ‎48. 考查固定搭配。此处为固定搭配短语：see...as“看作为……，视为……”。‎ ‎49. 考查way的用法。way后接动词的用法：way of doing；way to do。‎ ‎50. 考查动词。此处为固定短语：get involved in“涉及……”。‎ ‎3. 【河北省衡水中学2018届高三考前适应性训练仿真模拟四】阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式.‎ Chrysanthemum (菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC. The flower ___41___ (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty. It usually begins to bloom (开花) in the 9th lunar month, lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day. That’s why the month is also referred to ___42___ “the month of chrysanthemum”.‎ The flower has been favored by ___43___ (poet) through the ages, because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn. Du Fu, a great Tang Dynasty poet, wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.‎ Chinese people ___44___ (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemum on Double Ninth Day long before. Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after ___45___ day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty. People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows ___46___ (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good ones, ___47___ was an alteration (改变) of the custom of ___48___ (wear) chrysanthemum on people’s heads. At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and ___49___ (happy) for them. The displays are often ___50___ (live) with a sea of visitors.‎ ‎【答案】41. was introduced ‎ ‎42. as 43. poets ‎ ‎44. were 45. the ‎ ‎46. to get 47. which ‎ ‎48. wearing ‎ ‎49. happiness ‎ ‎50. lively ‎【解析】文章讲述了菊花的历史、文化及相关的一些活动及意义。‎ ‎41. was introduced.‎ 考查被动语态。句中主语The flower和动词introduce是被动关系，指这种花被介绍，在句中作谓语用被动语态，根据时间状语the Tang Dynasty.可知用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was introduced.‎ ‎42. as.‎ 考查介词。句意：这就是为什么九月被叫做菊花月的原因，表示作为，故填as.‎ ‎43. poets.‎ 考查名词。句中poet是可数名词，此处泛指古往今来的诗人们，用复数形式。故填poets.‎ ‎44. were.‎ 考查主谓一致。根据时间状语long before可知此处用过去时，与主语Chinese people保持一致用复数，故填were.‎ ‎45. the.‎ 考查冠词。此处是特指Double Ninth Day用定冠词，表示重阳节之后，故填the.‎ ‎46. to get.‎ 考查动词不定式。此处是不定式表目的，指人们把菊花贴在门窗上是为了摆脱坏运气，故填to get.‎ ‎47. which.‎ 考查定语从句。句中包含非限制性定语从句，用which引导指代前面句子，故填which.‎ ‎48. wearing.‎ 考查动词形式。句中介词of后用动词的-ing形式作宾语，故填wearing.‎ ‎49. happiness.‎ 考查名词。与and前的名词health并列也用名词，指健康和幸福，故填happiness.‎ ‎50. lively.‎ 考查形容词。此处是形容词作表语，指这种展览有大量的游客是生气勃勃的，故填lively.‎ ‎4. 【四川省双流中学2018届高三考前第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Over the last few years, learning Chinese ____41____ (become) popular among people all over the world. Last month, I received an email from my cousin Jack, ____42____ lived in Canada. He said he was enthusiastic about Chinese and asked me to find him some books ____43____ (special) ‎ intended for Chinese beginners. ____44____ (feel) very happy, I couldn’t wait to find him some books. So I went from one bookstore to another to find something ____45____ (suit) for him. Finally I selected a set of Chinese textbooks among ____46____ (variety) of similar ones. Then I went to a post office to have ____47____ (they) delivered by air without delay. Several days ____48____ (late), I received Jack’s email, in which he said that he really appreciated the books I had sent ____49____ him. I’m very glad that Jack is beginning to learn Chinese just like many other foreigners abroad, but I know it may be ____50____ enjoyable challenge for him.‎ ‎【答案】41. has become ‎ ‎42. who 43. specially ‎ ‎44. Feeling ‎ ‎45. suitable ‎ ‎46. varieties ‎ ‎47. them 48. later ‎ ‎49. to 50. an ‎【解析】本文主要讲了我生活在加拿大的表弟Jack想要学习中文，于是我给他邮寄了一些适合汉语初学者的中文书籍。‎ ‎44. 考查非谓语动词。feel与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填Feeling。‎ ‎45. 考查形容词。修饰不定代词something，用形容词，填suitable。‎ ‎46. 考查固定短语。varieties of各种各样的，是固定短语，所以填varieties。‎ ‎47. 考查宾格。作have的宾语，用宾格，所以填them。‎ ‎48. 考查固定用法。表示……天以后，用later。‎ ‎49. 考查固定短语。send to发送到；发送给，是固定短语，所以填to。‎ ‎50. 考查冠词。泛指“一个快乐的挑战”，且enjoyable的首字母发音是元音，所以填不定冠词an。‎ ‎5. 【黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2018届高三第四次模拟】‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China is a big old country and it has a history of more than five thousand years. We are proud of ___41___ (it) culture and part of the culture even influences the world ___42___ (great), for example, the thought of Confucius. As Chinese economy develops very fast and plays ___43___ important role in the world, more and more ___44___ (foreign) learn Mandarin (普通话) in Confucius institutions. The Chinese traditional culture can be tested by the time. It unites the whole nation and no matter ___45___ kind of disaster comes, we will fight together for the country’s future. Today, many young people lose ___46___ (faith) in traditional culture and they are crazy ___47___ the western culture. They follow the western fashion, ___48___ (think) we are the old style. But someday, they ___49___ (realize) they are wrong ___50___ (abandon) traditional culture.‎ ‎【答案】41. its ‎ ‎42. greatly ‎ ‎43. an 44. foreigners ‎ ‎45. what 46. faith ‎ ‎47. about 48. thinking ‎ ‎49. will realize ‎ ‎50. to abandon ‎【解析】中国是一个古老的大国，有五千多年的历史。我们为自己的文化感到骄傲，文化的一部分甚至对世界产生了巨大的影响。目前很多年轻人崇尚西方的文化，但是总有一天，他们会意识到放弃传统文化是错误的。‎ ‎41. 考查形容词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，culture是名词，故答案为its。‎ ‎42. 副词修饰动词。此处influence是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为greatly。‎ ‎43. 考查固定搭配。play a role/part in---，在---上扮演角色，此处important以元音音素开头，修饰名词role，故答案为an。‎ ‎44. 考查名词复数。随着中国经济发展迅速，在世界上发挥着重要作用，越来越多的外国人在孔子学院学习普通话。此处用名词复数，故答案为foreigners。‎ ‎45. 考查让步状语从句。此处kind（种类），是名词，所以这里是no matter what引导的让步状语从句，答案为what。‎ ‎46. 考查固定搭配。今天，许多年轻人对传统文化失去了信心。lose faith in对---‎ 失去信心，故答案为faith。‎ ‎47. 考查固定搭配。他们对西方文化疯狂。be crazy about对---疯狂，故答案为about。‎ ‎48. 考查现在分词。他们遵循西方的时尚，认为我们是旧的风格。此处是现在分词做自然的结果状语，故答案为thinking。‎ ‎49. 考查时态。但总有一天，他们会意识到放弃传统文化是错误的。根据someday,可知句子用一般将来时态，故答案为will realize。‎ ‎50. 考查动词不定式。但总有一天，他们会意识到放弃传统文化是错误的。be wrong to do sth.错误地去做某事，故答案为to abandon。‎ 短文改错 ‎1. 【黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2018届高三第四次模拟】‎ Last Sunday, some of my classmate and I took a bicycle trip along the “East Lake Green Road”. It specially built for people to relax ourselves. The scenery along the road was breathtaking, with big trees, fragrant flowers, tall hills and clear lakes in both sides. We stopped by a lake for the rest, where a great many people were playing happily. But something unpleasant caught up our eyes. There was rubbish here or there, and there were many plastic bags and bottles floated on the surface of the lakes. Such a beautiful place was so serious polluted. What a shame! Therefore* we couldn’t help collecting the rubbish after we left.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。上星期天骑自行车旅游时，发现到处都是垃圾，并且湖里飘着很多塑料袋和塑料瓶，这个美丽的地方严重被污染，离开时情不自禁地收集垃圾。‎ ‎1.考查名词复数。Some of +名词复数，故把classmate改成classmates。‎ ‎2.考查被动语态。它是专门为人们放松自己而建造的。It和build之间是被动关系，且“build”是过去的动作，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故在it后加was。‎ ‎3.考查反身代词。它是专门为人们放松自己而建造的。此处是“放松他们自己”，故把ourselves改成themselves。‎ ‎4.考查介词。On both sides在两边，故把in改成on。‎ ‎5.考查冠词。我们停在湖边休息一会儿。for a rest休息一会儿，故把the改成a。‎ ‎6.考查固定词组。Catch one’s eyes引起某人的注意，故把up去掉。‎ ‎7.考查固定结构。here and there到处，故把or改成and。‎ ‎9.考查副词。这样一个美丽的地方被严重污染了。副词修饰过去分词，故把serious改成seriously。‎ ‎10.考查连词。因此，当我们离开时或我们离开以前，我们情不自禁地收集垃圾。结合句意，可知把after改成when/before。‎ ‎2. 【四川省双流中学2018届高三考前第二次模拟】‎ I am good at English and always get high marks in English test. Last month, an English speech contest held in our school. I take part on behalf of our class. Proud of my excellently English, I ignored my teacher’s advice but didn’t prepare for the contest at all. The important day came in. When it was my turn, I walked onto a stage confidently. However, the moment I saw the speech topic, my mind went complete blank. I was at a loss for words because I knew something about the topic. Filled with regret and shame, I learned a good lesson: pride comes after a fall.‎ ‎【答案】1. test ‎ ‎2. was held ‎ ‎3. took ‎ ‎4. excellent ‎ ‎5. but改为and ‎6. 去掉in ‎ ‎7. the stage ‎ ‎8. completely ‎ ‎9. something改为nothing ‎ ‎10. comes before ‎【解析】本文作者通过参加英语演讲比赛失败的经历明白了这样一个道理：骄兵必败。‎ 考查名词单复数。我擅长英语，并且在英语考试中总是获得很高的分数。“英语考试”是复数意义，所以用名词复数，第一句 test 改成 tests。‎ 考查时态。“一个英语演讲比赛”和“举行”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，综上所述，用一般过去时的被动语态，所以第二句 held前面加上was。‎ 考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以take 改成 took。‎ 考查形容词。修饰名词English，用形容词，所以第四句 excellently 改成 excellent。‎ 考查连词。我忽视了我的老师的建议，并且根本没有为这次比赛做准备。表示并列关系，所以第四句but 改成and。‎ 考查动词。最重要的这天到来了。come当“到来”讲，是及物动词，所以第五句去掉in。‎ 考查冠词。特指“这个舞台”，所以用定冠词the。‎ 考查副词。修饰形容词blank，用副词，所以第七句 complete改成completely。‎ 考查不定代词。我茫然不知所措，因为我一无所知。所以第八句 something 改成nothing。‎ 考查谚语。我得到了一个好的教训：骄兵必败。pride comes before a fall. 骄兵必败，是一句谚语，所以第九句 after改成before。‎ 名师点睛：小题9考查不定代词。一般情况下：something通常用于肯定句，anything通常用于否定句或疑问句。例如：There is something in the box. （肯定句）There isn’t anything in the box. (否定句) Is there anything in the box? (疑问句) nothing 在意义上等于 not anything。例如： I know nothing about it. (=I don’t know anything about it )我对此事一无所知。‎ ‎3. 【河北省衡水中学2018届高三考前适应性训练仿真模拟四】‎ Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could watch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier. The film started at the moment we sat down in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友去电影院路上堵车，公交车出故障，最后匆忙赶到电影院的故事。‎ ‎1.考查动词时态。根据时间状语Yesterday可知是过去发生的事，与句中所给时态一致也用一般过去时，故plan→planed.‎ ‎2.考查副词。此处修饰形容词bad用副词，指非常糟糕，故terrible→terribly.‎ ‎3.考查主语从句。此处是主语从句，指使情况更差的事，用what引导，故That→What.‎ ‎4.考查副词。此处表示我们坐的公交车出故障了，表示“出故障”用break down，故up→down.‎ ‎5.考查代词。根据I went to see a film with my best friend.可知我和朋友去看电影，此处指我们坐出租车去电影院，故They→We.‎ ‎6.考查连词。句意：我们拦住一辆出租车，匆忙赶往电影院。前后句不是转折关系，是顺承关系。故but→and.‎ ‎7.考查名词。根据two可知是买两张票，ticket是可数名词用复数，故ticket→tickets.‎ ‎8.考查动词形式。根据句中逗号可知此处不是并列句，Kate和动词put是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故put→putting.‎ ‎9.考查连词。the moment是连词，表示“一…就…”，后跟从句，that常省略。此处指我们一坐下电影就开始了。引导从句前面不加介词，故.去掉at.‎ ‎10.考查冠词。have a great time “玩得开心，过得高兴”，是固定短语。故had后加a.‎ ‎4. 【陕西省洛南中学2018届高三第八次模拟】‎ Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student at a ordinary school. Although I felt disappointed at the shabby campus and my poorly－equipped classroom, but I found the teachers impatient and considerate. Beside, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decide to make the best it. I worked hard and got along good with my teachers and classmates.‎ ‎ Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available, Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, that greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated. My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who we are.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者通过自己的亲身经历说明了这样一个道理：不是你被给与的，而是你如何去利用它，决定你是谁。‎ 第一处：考查冠词。泛指“一所普通的学校”，且ordinary首字母发音是元音，所以用不定冠词an，a改成an。‎ 第七处：考查时态。作者在回忆往事，所以用一般过去时，are改成were。‎ 第八处：考查固定结构。one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，所以student 改成students。‎ 第九处：考查非限制性定语从句。which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.作定语，修饰整个主句内容，且有逗号与主句隔开，所以which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以that改成which。‎ 第十处：考查代词。我的经历告诉我不是你被给与的，而是你如何去利用它，决定你是谁。所以we改成you。‎ ‎5. 【云南省昆明第一中学2018届高三第八次月考】‎ When I was 5 years old, I started my journey to the world of music. Playing the piano becomes a great source of joy. Now, study alone abroad, I have found other way to enjoy music-performing in my school band.‎ I remember the very first time when I played in a band. I practiced a lot. Still, when I sat at the piano, I felt scared and it seemed that I was getting small. My hands went cold when the conductor and other band member stared at me. The string of notes that came out the piano could not be calling a melody. However, that was only the beginning of your challenges.‎ In my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to get through, but they make both me and the band even strong.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者自小就喜欢音乐，音乐给作者带来快乐和陪伴，长大后作者出国留学又参加了校乐队，尽管乐队遇到了许多挑战，这些挑战也给作者带来了机遇。‎ 第一处：考查时态。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时态，回忆过去弹钢琴也要用一般过去时态。故要将becomes改为became。‎ 第二处：考查非谓语动词。该从句补充完整为：I am studying alone abroad。根据“主从句主语一致，从句中有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词”原则，需将study改为studying。‎ 第三处：考查代词。another表示“另一个”，后面加单数名词，而other表示“其它的”，后面要加名词复数形式，该处指“我找到了另一种享受音乐的方式”，故要将other改为another。‎ 第四处：考查冠词。上面一句提到了我的校乐队，这里第二次说应该使用定冠词the。‎ 第五处：考查名词。other意为“其余的……”，后面用复数名词，这里指其他的乐队成员，故要将member改为members。‎ 第六处：考查介词。come out of是固定短语。该处指“走出”，故要在out后面加of。‎ 第七处：考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢琴中传出的音符不能被称作是一个旋律。主语和动词称作是被动关系，be动词+过去分词，应将calling改为called。‎ 第八处：考查代词。句意：这只是我的挑战的开始。这里指代的是我表演的事情，故要将your改为my。‎ 第九处：考查连词。even though引导状语从句，另一个句子是主句，不能用连词，需去掉but。‎ 第十处：考查形容词比较级。even修饰形容词比较级，意为“甚至更强大……”，故strong改为stronger。‎ ‎2017年模拟题 语法填空 ‎1. [2017·江西省九江市十校高三第二次联考]‎ In 1990, over 100 countries signed 1.________ international agreement to make it illegal to buy or sell ivory, which is mainly used for jewellery. Most ivory is made from the tusks (长牙) of African elephants. These tusks are 2.________ (terrible) valuable—one pair is worth more than three times the income of an African farmer or factory worker in a year.‎ Hunting elephants was so profitable 3.________ from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in African fell from 1.3 million to 600，000.It was feared that by the year 2000 there would be none 4.________ (leave)．However, thanks to the international agreement, there 5.________ (be) much less illegal hunting since 1990.‎ But considering 6.________ (vary) of aspects, it costs a lot of money to preserve elephants. Game wardens (野生动物保护区看守人) must be hired to protect them; land must be set aside for them, and when they destroy a farmer's crops, the farmer must 7.________ (pay) compensation.‎ Zimbabwe and four other African countries say that some of the elephants should be killed legally. This would help keep the population 8.________ (stability), and selling the ivory would help pay for preserving the elephants. But conservationists say that 9.________ (make) ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting. Others say 10.________ is wrong is to kill elephants because they are sensitive animals who feel emotional pain at the death of other elephants.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项国际协议，协议规定买卖象牙是非法的。‎ ‎1．an　考查冠词。句意：……签了一个国际协议。international以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎2．terribly　考查副词。副词修饰形容词，故填terribly，表示“非常”。‎ ‎3．that　考查状语从句。句意：猎杀大象是如此有利可图以至于从1979年到1989年非洲大象的数量从130万下降到了60万。此处是so…that…引导结果状语从句，故填that。‎ ‎4．left　考查非谓语动词。句意：人们担心到了2000年，将没有一头大象被剩下。此处是过去分词作后置定语，故填left。‎ ‎5．has been　考查动词的时态。根据since 1990“自从1990年以来”，可知用现在完成时，illegal hunting是句子主语，故填has been。‎ ‎2. [2017·湖南省邵阳市高三大联考]‎ ‎ My English teacher was very tall. The moment she 1.________ (enter) the class, we would all sit 2.________ (quiet) and open the books. She would encourage me by giving me important assignments and also morning news to read during the assembly. She would come down and listen to my English debate (辩论), 3.________ made me take part in all debate competitions.‎ ‎ 4.________ same was true of my biology and science teacher. She was very nice and sweet. She would always give me extra information on the biology project. I could not go to the lab for experiments, so she would bring the lab down and help me with the biology and science 5.________ (experiment) and would give me excellent marks.‎ ‎ My friends made me monitor and the naughty boys listened to me. My friends used to help me with my notes when I was 6.________ (absence)．My teachers always gave me important project work and I felt proud when they patted me 7.________ the back after I finished it quickly and correctly. I was never shouted at or made fun of or scolded by any of my friends and teachers.‎ ‎ Today I often see the terrible punishments 8.________ (give) to students on TVs.I feel very sad.‎ ‎ I really want to express my love and thanks to all my wonderful teachers and friends. Without them my school life would not 9.________ (be) so excellent and 10.________ (forget)．‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的老师和朋友们对作者的帮助。‎ ‎1．entered　考查动词的时态。上文是一般过去时，所以这里需用过去式。‎ ‎2．quietly　考查副词。这里应该用副词修饰动词sit，表示安静地坐着，quiet为形容词，此处应用quietly。‎ ‎3．which　考查定语从句。该句是非限制性定语从句，又是指代前面一整句话的，所以只能用关系词which。‎ ‎4．The　考查固定搭配。“The same is true of…”为固定表达。‎ ‎5．experiments　考查名词复数。由上文可知，这里的experiment应该用复数形式。‎ ‎6．absent　考查形容词。be absent意为“缺席，不在”，这里需用形容词。‎ ‎7．on　考查介词。pat on the back“拍打背”，为固定搭配，所以这里用介词on。‎ ‎8．given　考查非谓语动语。punishments与give之间为被动关系，see sth done表示“看见某物被……”，所以这里需用过去分词。‎ ‎9．have been　考查虚拟语气。该句是虚拟语气，并表示对过去的虚拟，所以主句需用would have done。‎ ‎10．unforgettable　考查形容词。forget是“忘记”的意思，这里的意思是学校生活是精彩的，是无法忘记的，所以需用unforgettable。‎ ‎3.[2017·四川省乐山市高三一调]‎ ‎ One winter day in 1891, 1.________ class of training school in Massachusetts, USA, went into the gym for their 2.________ (day) exercises. Since the football season had ended, most of the young men felt they were in for a boring time.‎ ‎ But their teacher, James Naismith had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on a new game which would have the 3.________ (excite) of American football. Naismith showed the men a basket he 4.________ (hang) at each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to use a round European football. At first everybody tried to throw the ball 5.________ the basket no matter where he was standing.“Pass! Pass！” Naismith kept shouting, 6.________ (blow) his whistle to stop the excited players.‎ ‎ Slowly, they began to understand 7.________ was wanted of them. The problem with the new game, which was soon called “basketball”，8.________ (be) getting the ball out of the basket. They ‎ used ordinary food baskets with bottoms, and the ball, of course, stayed inside. At first, someone had to climb up every time a basket 9.________ (score)．It was several years before someone came up with the idea of removing the bottom of the basket and letting the ball 10.________ (fall) through. There have been many changes in the rules since then, and basketball has become one of the world's most popular sports.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了篮球这项运动是如何产生的。‎ ‎1．a　考查冠词。这里指培训学校的一节课。故填a。‎ ‎2. daily　考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，故填daily。‎ ‎3．excitement　考查名词。句意：有美国足球的兴奋。此处用名词形式，故填excitement。‎ ‎4．had hung　考查动词的时态。句意：Naismith向队员们展示了他在体育馆两端挂的篮子。“悬挂”这个动作明显靠前，可知用过去完成时，故填had hung。‎ ‎5．into　考查介词。句意：把球扔进篮子里。throw…into…意为“把……扔进……里”，故填into。‎ ‎6．blowing　考查非谓语动词。blow与主语Naismith为主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故填blowing。‎ ‎7．what　考查宾语从句的引导词。understand后面的宾语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故填what起双重作用。‎ ‎8. was　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。the problem是句子主语，根据句意可知用一般过去时，故填was。‎ ‎9．was scored　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每当有篮子进球时，总得有人爬起来。a basket是从句中的主语，根据句意可知用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was scored。‎ ‎10．fall　考查固定结构。let … do sth为固定结构。故填不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。‎ ‎4. [2017·云南师范大学附属中学高三高考适应性考试 (六)]‎ ‎ As it's easy to cultivate and it contains most of the vitamins necessary for health, potatoes are popular in cultures worldwide. Originating 1.________ South America, potatoes have been part of South American diet for hundreds of years. With multiple potato 2.________ (variety) in the market, they are fried, baked, freezedried to form many beloved dishes. In Ireland, from its introduction in the 16th century, potatoes 3.________ (hold) a central place in the Irish diet and been considered as the primary Irish crop. In the US, potatoes are one of the most 4.________ (wide) consumed crops. French fries are commonly found in typical American fastfood restaurants and cafeterias. French fries were introduced to the US 5.________ Thomas Jefferson served them ‎ in the White House during 6.________ presidency from 1801—1809.‎ For many Chinese people, potatoes are considered a vegetable.7.________ in the future, this will no longer be the case.“A programme to add potatoes to China's list of food, joining rice, wheat and corn, will 8.________ (expand) to diversify the Chinese menu and meet increasing food demands，”agricultural experts and authorities with the Ministry of Agriculture said in 9.________ conference on Jan.6.Specifically, potato powder will be mixed into bread and noodle to suit Chinese consumers' taste and 10.________ (eat) habit.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文为说明文，主要介绍了土豆在不同国家饮食文化的普及情况，在不久的将来，它还会成为中国家庭餐桌上的主食之一。‎ ‎1．in/from　考查介词。originate in/from是“起源于”的意思。‎ ‎2．varieties　考查名词。此处指土豆的多样性，故用复数形式。‎ ‎3．have held　考查动词的时态。根据上文说自16世纪被引进以来，土豆至今一直都占据着爱尔兰饮食的核心地位，故用现在完成时。‎ ‎4．widely　考查副词。副词修饰consumed，故填widely。‎ ‎5．when　考查连词。该从句和前面主句存在时间上的逻辑关系。‎ ‎6．his　考查代词。该句子的意思是：当Thomas Jefferson 在他1801—1809执政期间。presidency为名词，意为“总统的任期”。‎ ‎7．But　考查连词。该句和上文存在转折关系，故填But。‎ ‎8．be expanded　考查动词的时态和语态。句子的主语programme和expand为被动关系，所填词跟在助动词will之后，故用be expanded。‎ ‎9．a　考查冠词。a conference 表示“一次会议”。‎ ‎10．eating　考查非谓语动词。v.ing形式作定语，表性质、特征。‎ ‎5.[2017·湖北省黄冈市新联考高三第三次联考]‎ The Great Wall of China is more than 6，000 kilometres long. It winds 1.________ (it) way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys 2.________ at last it reaches the sea. The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries. The first part of it 3.________(build)during the Spring and Autumn period. During the Qin Dynasty, 4.________ (keep) the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls 5.________ (join) up. Thus, the Great Wall came into being. The Great Wall is wide enough at 6.________ top for five horses ‎ or ten men to walk side by side. Along the wall are watchtowers, 7.________ soldiers used to keep watch. Fires were lit on the towers as a 8.________ (warn) when the enemy came.‎ It was 9.________ (extreme) difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines. All the work was done 10.________ hand. Thousands of men died and were buried under the wall they built. The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国长城的有关情况。‎ ‎4．to keep　考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。‎ ‎5．joined　考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动关系，故填joined。‎ ‎6．the　考查冠词。句意：长城的顶部足够宽。此处表示特指，故填the。‎ ‎7．where　考查定语从句。此处watchtowers是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎8．warning　考查名词。句意：作为一个警告。用名词形式，故填warning。‎ ‎9．extremely　考查副词。副词修饰形容词，故填extremely。‎ ‎10．by　考查固定词组。by hand手工。故填by。‎ 短文改错 ‎1. 【河北省石家庄市第二中学2017届高三下学期模拟联考】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I once bought the beautiful bracelet from a store and felt excited when I tried it on. Sadly, I was soon disappointed at that my naughty kids broke it. But instead of just feel sad, I chose to repair it myself.‎ To my greatly surprise, it didn’t take a long time to do it. As time went by, I found that I was not happy with just repairing my breaking bracelets. I started making new bracelets out the materials from my old one. Later on, I begin to design on my own Then I made my first deal. Back in 2013, I posted my bracelets on WeChat for the first time and several friends said that they wanted it. That was just the start. With much materials at hand, I made my designs into reality.‎ ‎【答案】1. beautiful 前 the-> a ‎ ‎2. disappointed 后 at 去掉 ‎ ‎3. feel->feeling ‎4. greatly->great ‎ ‎5.breaking->broken ‎ ‎6. out 后加of ‎7. one->ones ‎ ‎8. begin->began ‎ ‎9. it->them ‎ ‎10. much->many ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。文章记叙了作者的一个心爱的手镯弄坏了，于是她开始用旧手镯加工新的手镯，结果加工出来的手镯还很受欢迎。‎ 第一处：beautiful前the改为a；考查冠词。 此处表泛指“一个手镯”，应使用不定冠词。故 beautiful前the改为a。‎ 第二处：disappointed后at去掉；考查句型。be+adj.+that从句。故disappointed后at去掉。 ‎ 第三处：feel改为feeling；考查介词搭配。此处作of的宾语，应使用ing分词。故feel改为feeling。‎ 第四处：greatly改为great；考查形容词。此处修饰surprise，作定语，应使用形容词。故greatly改为great。 ‎ 第五处：breaking改为broken；考查过去分词作定语。broken“坏了的”。故breaking改为broken。 ‎ 第六处：out后加of；考查词组搭配。make sth. out of sth.表示“在某样原材料上雕刻加工获得新物品”。故out后加of。‎ 第七处：one改为ones；考查代词的单复数。此处应指“我的那些旧手镯”，应使用复数代词。故one改为ones。 ‎ 第八处：begin改为began；考查动词时态。此处描述的过去的事情，应使用一般过去式。故begin改为began。 ‎ 第九处：it改为them；考查代词的单复数。此处指代my bracelets，应使用复数代词。故it改为them。‎ 第十处：much改为many；考查修饰量词。materials为可数名词的复数形式，many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。故much改为many。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 非谓语动词是语法填空和短文改错的重要考点，同学们一定要特别注意。本题中的第3、第5小题就是对非谓语动词的考查。非谓语动词有三种：ing，ed和to do。同学们要时刻铭记：ing表“主动、进行”，ed表“被动、完成”，to do表“目的、将来”；这些原则，无论是非谓语动词作状语还是作定语都是适用的。判断的关键是看非谓语动词前的动词或介词及其在句子中作的句子成分，看非谓语动词与句子主语或修饰词之间的逻辑关系。例如：‎ Walking on the street, Tom met a good friend.（主动进行，作伴随状语）‎ The flood struck the city, destroying many buildings.（主动，作结果状语）‎ I noticed a running mouse.（主动进行，作定语）‎ Told many times, he still made the same mistake.（被动完成，作方式状语）‎ He rode a trained horse.（被动完成，作定语）‎ To learn English well, he works hard every day.（目的，作目的状语）‎ I won’t attend the party to be held in his house.（将来，作定语）‎ ‎2. 【山东省济宁市2017届高三第一次模拟（3月）】短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I felt delighted to be informed the news that I would be our Student Union’s next minister of health．Therefore，when I calmed down，I began to realize what challenging the job would be．I can still remember the first time I hold a meeting with all the members，that was a real challenge for me．With so many eyes fixing on me，I struggled to speak as my face and ears turned complete red．I had never felt so nervous ago．‎ Although I went through a series of difficulty，I gained a lot as well—a plenty of new friends，the ability to communicate and an improvement in my organizational skills．‎ ‎【答案】informed后面加about/of；what---how；hold---held；that---which；fixing---fixed；completely---complete；ago---before；difficulty---dificulties；去掉a plenty of中的a ‎【解析】1.考察固定结构inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事。句意：被通知我要成为学生会下一届卫生部长的消息，我感到非常高兴。故在informed后面加about/of。‎ ‎5.考察非限制性定语从句关系代词。这里构造的非限制性定语从句，用which指代上面的句子（我第一次主持会议），故that---which。‎ ‎6，句意：这么多双眼睛注视着我，我努力的说着话，我的脸和耳朵完全地变红了。be fixed on盯着某物或某事，被固定在......上。这里是with的独立结构，故省略be，用过去分词fixed，故fixing---fixed。‎ ‎7.考察副词。这里需要用副词completely修饰形容词red，故complete—completely。‎ ‎8.句意：我以前从来没有感到这么紧张过。ago用在一般过去时的句子里，before用在完成时态的句子里，故ago---before。‎ ‎9.考察可数名词复数。句意：尽管我经历了一系列的困难，但是我也收获了很多。这里difficulty是可数名词，故difficulty---difficulties。‎ ‎10.本题考察固定结构plenty of很多，大量的。用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。故去掉a plenty of中的a。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ before 和ago用法 ‎1.ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距过去某时……以前”“与其……（毋宁）”，常和完成时连用，尤其在间接引语中，如：I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before．我三天前去访问他，但他已与那时的一周前到上海去了。 ‎ His parents died ten years ago．他父母十年前都去世了。 ‎ He said that his parents had died ten years before．他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。 ‎ ‎2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后，常与完成时候过去时连用。如： ‎ Have you seen this film before? ‎ He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before． ‎ ‎3.表示在某一点时间或事件以前时，只用before不用ago，这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。如： ‎ They will come back before six o’clock． ‎ It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 1995．希望这件工作将在1995年以前完成。 ‎ 另外，before在句中的含义较多。不少句子中，before虽然引导的也是一个时间状语，但是译成汉语时却不必译为“在……以前”。 ‎ a.如果before引导的从句动作发生得晚或慢，可译成“……才”。这是主句主语或是名词、代词，或用it作形式主语． ‎ He had almost knocked me down before he saw me．他几乎把我撞倒才看见我。 ‎ It will be hours before he arrives．要过几个钟头他才回到达。 ‎ b.如果强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已发生，可译成“未……就”或“还没有……就”。 ‎ Before I could get in a word he had measured me．我还没有来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。 ‎ c.有些句子中的before可译为“先……然后”、“先……再”。 ‎ Don’t count the chickens before they are hatched． 不要乐观得太早。 ‎ Be pupil before you become a teacher．先做学生，再做先生。 ‎ 有些句中的before还可译为“在……内”、“趁”、“没”。 ‎ They arrived before I expected．我没想到他们到得那么早。 ‎ Study hard before it is too late．趁早努力学习。 ‎ I had better go now before it is too late．最好我现在就走，免得太迟． ‎ before sb．knew it 一类习惯说法，常译为“不知不觉……就”、“还没弄清……就”、“不知怎么地……就”。 ‎ He fell from the tree before he knew it．他不知怎地一下就从树上掉了下来。 ‎ ‎4.加强语气，表示“早已”的意思或使叙述显得更生动，ago也可以用于完成时。如： ‎ I had thought that he had died at least twenty years ago．我本以为他至少二十年前就去世了。 ‎ ‎5.在表示对过去事情猜测的“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”或“动词的非谓语形式＋have＋过去分词”的结构中，ago也可以和完成时连用。如： ‎ The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago．据说那栋大楼在两年前的一场大火中已被烧毁。 ‎ The incident must taken place years ago．这是一定发生在好几年以前。 ‎ 此外，before也可用于过去时，它和ago不同之处在于：before在句中单独使用，而ago必须和表示时间的词语连用。如： ‎ I never saw him before．我以前从未见过他。 ‎ I saw him two days ago．我两天前见过他。‎ ‎3. 【山西省太原市高三模拟考试（一）】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ As is known to we all, America’s national pastime is baseball. It has played in his country since the first settlers arrive. It was a national ball what was liked by many Americans at that time. Although baseball possibly developed from an English game, it is now thought of like an American sport. From the Little League to the Major League, player of all skill levels enjoy testing their power on the “ Field of Dreams”. Famous players, exciting music but the standard stadium food ‎ of hot dogs, popcorns and peanuts are popularly among Americans, In a fact, Americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing for many Americans nowadays.‎ ‎【答案】1.we改为us;‎ ‎2.has后加been ‎3.arrive改成arrived ‎4.what改成thatwhich ‎5.like改成as ‎6.player改成players ‎7.but 改为and ‎8.popularly改成popular ‎9.a 去掉 ‎10.go改为going ‎。。。popcorns and peanuts are popularly among Americans此句为系表结构，标语要用形容词，而不用副词。‎ In fact 为固定短语 Americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing for many Americans nowadays.此句中go做make 的宾语，所以用going。‎ 名师点睛：‎ 短文改错解题四原则：改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意; 整句分析，逐行推敲。‎ 就此题而言：错误类型主要有：‎ 时态语态题 定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;‎ 人称代词的误用 非谓语动词的用法;‎ 形容词副词的使用是否正确 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。‎ 主谓一致问题 固定短语搭配 下面重点分析一下时态语态的用法。‎ 如此题中的第2，3个错误，通读整句可以判断出此句中的时态有问题，因为since引导时间状语时强调从过去某时开始，所以用从句用过去时。主句用现在完成时，但我们判断完时态后还应该判断语态是否准确。仔细分析可知此处语态有误，应用被动语态，而不应该用主动语态。所以在做题时，首先判断时态是否准确，其次观察主语与谓语之间是否存在被动关系。‎ ‎4. 【2017届河南省南阳、信阳等六市高三第一次联考】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The other day, some of my classmates and I took a bicycle trip along the “Ren Min Road”, where was specially built for people to relax ourselves. The scenery along the road was fascinating, with trees, flowers, hills and lakes on both side. We stopped by a lake for a rest, where a good many of people were playing happily. But something unpleasant catch our attention. There was rubbish here or there, and there were many plastic bags and bottles floated on the surface of the lake. Such beautiful place was so serious polluted. What a shame! In the end, we couldn’t help collecting the rubbish after we left.‎ ‎【答案】1.where→which; 2.ourselves→themselves; 3. side→sides / both→either;4. many后面的of去掉; 5. catch→caught 6. or→and; 7. floated→floating; 8. Such后加a； 9. serious→seriously; 10. after→before/ when ‎【解析】本文讲述了作者和同学在人民路上骑自行车游玩，看到附近的一个湖上漂满了垃圾，大煞风景，于是作者临走之时和同学一起捡了垃圾。‎ ‎51. 此处the “Ren Min Road”作先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中做主语，故把where改为which。‎ ‎52. 句意：建这条路的目的是让人们放松他们自己。relax oneself放松自己，根据句意可知把ourselves改为themselves。‎ ‎53. 句意：在路的两边或在路的每一边。both sides和either side都表示“路的两边”，故本题有两种改法，或把side改为sides，或把both改为either。‎ ‎54. a good many+名词复数，意思是“许多”，故在many后加of。‎ ‎55. 句意：一些不愉快的事情引起了我们的注意。根据文章开头The other day几天前的某一天，可知此处用一般过去时态，故把catch改为caught。‎ ‎56. 固定搭配：here and there到处，故把or改为and。‎ ‎57. 句意：在湖面上飘着很多塑料袋和瓶子。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故把floated改为floating。‎ ‎58. 句意：一个如此美丽的地方受到如此严重的污染。place是单数，故在Such后加a。‎ ‎59. 副词修饰动词，故把serious改为seriously。‎ ‎60. 句意：最后，我们离开之前或离开的时候，我们情不自禁地捡垃圾。根据句意可知，把after改为before/ when。‎ ‎5. 【2017届湖北省黄冈市高三年级3月份质量检测】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ This afternoon, I saw an interesting thing while I was walking home to school.‎ ‎ I noticed a schoolboy walking in the front of me. When he passed by a white wall, he left his two footprints on the wall. See this, an old man shouted at the boy angry. The boy felt afraid and ran out quickly.‎ ‎ A few minutes later, other boy passed by the wall and saw the footprints on the wall. He thought a moment and took out a pencil from his schoolbag. After I was wondering, I saw the boy painting a panda on the wall. And the footprints become the panda’s lack eyes. What smart the boy was!‎ ‎【答案】1. to→from 2. 去掉front前的the 3. See→Seeing 4. angry→angrily 5. out→away 6. other→another 7. thought后加for 8. After→While/When/As 9. become→became 10. What→How ‎【解析】试题分析：作者讲述了自己放学回家路上的一个见闻：一个调皮的孩子用脚在白墙上留下脚印，然后一个聪明的孩子用铅笔在脚印处画了一个熊猫。‎ ‎4. angry→angrily 考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词shouted作状语，表示“生气地吼道”。‎ ‎5. out→away 考查介词。run out是“用完，耗尽”的意思，这里表示“逃跑，抛开”，要用run away短语，故把out改为away。‎ ‎6. other→another 考查代词。other后接可数名词复数，但是此处是指一个孩子，故用another，指三者或三者以上另外一个，不用other。‎ ‎7. thought后加for 考查介词。此处意为“考虑了一会儿”，是一个时间段，需用for来接一段时间，故加for。‎ ‎8. After→While/When/As 考查连词。句意：在我正在疑惑的时候，看见了男孩在墙上画出了一个熊猫。此处意为“当……时候”，故可以用While/When/As。‎ ‎9. become→became 考查时态。此文是用过去时态描述的，且此句前后句都是用过去时描述的，故此处用过去式。‎ ‎10. What→How 考查引导词。此处为感叹句，感叹词what后接名词，how后接形容词或副词，此处后面的词为smart，形容词，故引导词用How，句首要大写。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 改错题对冠词的考查是一个常考点，所以考生对改错文章中出现的所有冠词都要抱有怀疑的态度，然后思考一下到底有没有错，怎么改。通常来说，掌握冠词须把握好以下四个原则：1.单数可数名词前用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指其前都要加定冠词the；4.包含冠词的固定搭配要铭记。比如第2题，它就属于包含冠词的固定搭配的问题，in front of 和in the front of，虽只差一个定冠词，但是意思却完全不一样：前一个是“在……前面”的意思，前后之间是独立的个体，没有交集；后一个是“在……前部”的意思，前后之间是包含与被包含的关系，一个物体在另一个物体的内部。本句的意思是一个男生在我前面走，两个人是独立的，故不用the，英语中还有很多类似的固定搭配，加the和不加the意思完全不一样，这就要求考生自己多积累多记忆，方可做好此类试题。‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 语法填空 ‎1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best 61 (perform) since 2010, 62 the Made in China 2025 strategy (策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue (税收).‎ The increase is 0.5 percentage points 63 (high) than the targeted growth, partly 64 (drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises (企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.‎ ‎“The country’s industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks to the Made in China 2025 strategy. It 65 (promote) the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as 66 internet, big data and cloud computing,” Miao added.‎ The ministry also predicted that the country’s industrial output would be likely 67 (grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, internet, and software and information technology service 68 (increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.‎ According to Miao, the country will also publish policies 69 promoting the development ‎ of digital economy. Official 70 (data) show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second globally and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.‎ ‎【文章大意】“2025中国制造”策略已经并将促进中国在各领域的发展。‎ ‎61. performance考查词性转化。此处需要填名词充当marking的宾语,故用performance。‎ ‎62. as / because考查状语从句。第一段是由一个句子组成。其中已知的动词只有二个(is expected和helps)是谓语动词。连词and是连接名词productivity和revenue的。根据在一个句子中谓语动词数减一等于引导从句连词的数量这个原则(连接并列成分的连词不计)，此空白处需要一个连词。又因为此处前后句子是因果关系，因此使用as或because。‎ ‎63. higher考查比较级。空白处后的than暗示使用比较级。‎ ‎64. driven考查非谓语动词。判断句子中谓语动词数量时，因sb say / think / suppose / believe / guess / imagine / be sure / be afraid做插入语而忽略不计。因为本句没有引导从句的连词，而且已经有一个谓语is, 所以本句的其它动词不可再用谓语形式，只能用非谓语形式。drive与上文“The increase is 0.5 percentage points higher”是动宾关系(增加0.5是被……驱动得driven)，故使用过去分词driven表达被动意义。‎ ‎65. promoted考查时态。虽然前一句使用现在完成时态“has maintained”, 但此句叙述的是过去已发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时态。‎ ‎66. the 考查冠词。internet前常用the。‎ ‎67. to grow考查非谓语动词。 be likely to do 是固定句型。‎ ‎68. increasing考查非谓语动词。在本句中有二个谓语(predicted和would be likely), 一个连词that，所以其它动词必须使用非谓语形式。还因为在 with revenue…(increase) by…中，revenue与increase是主谓关系，因此使用increasing ‎69. on考查介词。policy on sth / doing 是固定搭配。‎ ‎70. data考查名词。此处应该使用名词复数，data 意为“数据”单复数同形。‎ ‎2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In our lives, many of us will find 61 （we） caring for an elderly parent. This is never easy; it can take great efforts 62 (emotional) and physically, and the financial challenges can sometimes seem 63 our ability.‎ Often one of the 64 (hard) things is striking a balance between your parent’s desire to feel independent and your control of their life, with the need to ensure they are safe and their health needs 65 (attend) to.‎ Sometimes this can create tensions (紧张) and arguments, only 66 (add) to the stress of an already difficult situation. It is important here to make them feel they are being listened to, and 67 they know you only have their best interests at heart.‎ It’s the same with financial issues. To cover the costs of their parent’s care, many people will consider the choices such as selling the family home. The most important thing here is 68 (communicate) —it counts much to make sure that everyone 69 (involve) is aware of 70 is being proposed and singing from the same hymn (圣歌) sheet.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了在照顾年老的父母时所遇到的问题及解决办法。‎ ‎61. ourselves考查代词。“find oneself +宾补”用来表达不知不觉地。再根据后面的“caring for an elderly parent”可知填ourselves，因为照顾年老的双亲是自己的事情。‎ ‎62. emotionally考查构词法。此处需要修饰副词表达哪一方面。“take great efforts emotionally and physically在感情和体力方面，耗费巨大精力。”另外，并列连词“and、but、 or等”连接词性相同的词，因此根据physically可填emotionally。‎ ‎63. beyond考查介词。根据上下文可知，此处叙述照顾双亲所遇到的问题，因此填beyond(超出)符合语境。‎ ‎64. hardest考查最高级。此处意思是：众多困难(hardest)的问题之一是……‎ ‎65. are being attended考查时态、语态。健康需要(their health needs)被关注。此处使用attend的现在进行时态被动形式表达实时被关注，这样才适合此处的语境。‎ ‎68. communication考查构词法。此处需要名词作表语。‎ ‎69. involved考查非谓语动词。本句有三个空白需要填，先填68、70空。这时可知，本句有四个谓语(is communication、counts much、is aware of、is being proposed and singing ‎)和三个从属连词(破折号、sure后的that、of后的what)。根据规则，此处不需要再填谓语动词形式，而需要非谓语动词。involve是及物动词，此处后面没有宾语，因此使用过去分词。everyone involved(所涉及的每个人)。‎ ‎70. what考查从属连词。本句有四个谓语(is communication、counts much、is aware of、is being proposed and singing)，根据规则需要三个从属连词。本句已有二个连词(破折号、sure后的that)，所以70空白处需要再填一个连接(介词of后的)宾语从句的连词。从句缺指物的主语，所以填what。‎ ‎3. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Joan Trumpauer Mulholland was a white teenager in the South who put 61 （she）on the front lines of the Civil Rights struggle. She Stood for Freedom is the first biography about her experiences, 62 (publish)in both picture books and middle grade editions at the same time, detailing the many events she took part in. She was one of the Freedom Riders in 1961 who 63 (arrest). She was also the first white person 64 (join)in the 1963 Woolworth’s lunch counter sit-ins（静坐）, and that same year participated 65 the March on Washington. Her 66 (willing) to stand up for justice has been an inspiration, ''Anyone can make 67 difference. It doesn't matter how old or young you are. Find a problem, get some friends together, 68 go fix it. Remember, you don't have to change the world . . . just change your world.''‎ The edition for readers aged 8 and older mixes photographs with the text. It also 69 (include)primary source documents from Joan's 70 (person) letter sent to Joan's mother during Joan's arrest. This edition of She Stood for Freedom introduces the situation during the American Civil Rights Movement.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了She Stood for Freedom书中的主人公---杰出的民权主义者琼.穆赫兰（Joan Trumpauer Mulholland）。‎ ‎61. herself 考查代词。此空指主语Joan Trumpauer Mulholland，所以用反身代词，填herself。‎ ‎62. published考查过去分词。publish和句子主语She Stood for Freedom（书名）之间是被动关系，用过去分词，故填published。‎ ‎63. were arrested 考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知动词和主语之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动形式，故填were arrested。‎ ‎64. to join 考查不定式。修饰序数词用动词不定式，故填to join。‎ ‎65. in 考查介词。 固定短语：participate in“参加”，故填in。‎ ‎66. willingness 考查名词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填willingness。‎ ‎67. a 考查冠词。固定短语：make a difference“有影响，有关系”。‎ ‎68. and 考查连词。前后句之间是顺承关系，用连词and。‎ ‎69. includes 考查动词时态。根据语境判断此处是介绍这本书的情况，用一般现在时，填includes。‎ ‎70. personal 考查形容词。修饰名词letter应该用形容词，故填personal。‎ 出处：‎ http://www.dogobooks.com/she-stood-for-freedom-the-untold-story-of-a-civil-rights-hero-joan-trumpauer-mulholland/book-review/1629721778‎ ‎4. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The UK’s 65 plus age group is the 61 (fast) growing crowd within our population, and likely to reach one in four people 62 2040. So the number of ‘Silver surfers’ simply has to rise.‎ ONS statistics (统计结果) also show that almost 25% of adults aged 65 plus now use social networking sites, but with a third of this age group 63 (live) on their own. These sites are becoming 64 (increase) important for the elderly to look for ways to stay connected to society, 65 has a great positive affect on feelings of isolation(孤独) and depression.‎ This same age group is the most likely to live apart from others and often easier to feel 66 (lone). A released study showed that as many as 1.2 million elderly people in England 67 (experience) loneliness.‎ Social media such as Facebook and Skype go a long way to deal with this issue by offering instant interaction (互动) with 68 (love) ones at the click of mouse. Skype can bring grandchildren, who live on the 69 side of the planet, through the Internet into their front room and into their lives.‎ This age group 70 (trap) by ill health, with 60% of them suffering long-term conditions, so discovering ways to remain in good health as long as possible is a wise choice. Technology has the ability to do this.‎ ‎【文章大意】在英国，65和65岁以上的人口在快速增加。但网络为他们提供了与外界及亲人保持联系的机会，同时也大大缓解了他们的孤独感。网络科技有能力使他们更健康长寿。‎ ‎61. fastest考查最高级。在我们的人口中(within our population)有多个年龄段的人。这就暗示了比较范围。‎ ‎62. by考查介词。人口变化是循序渐进的事情，人口的变化应以现在到某一时间节点为判断依据，因此此处使用“by 2040到2040年为止”不能使用in。‎ ‎63. living考查非谓语动词。with后的结构是 n+ doing(表达n与do是主谓关系) / done(表达n与do是动宾关系) / to do(表达do是将要发生的动作)等。此处属于第一种情况。‎ ‎64. increasingly考查词性转化。此处考查副词(increasingly)修饰形容词(important)越来越重要。‎ ‎65. which考查定语从句。在这个句子中有二个已知的谓语动词(are becoming，has a great positive affect)，根据原则，此处应使用连接从句的连词，从句中缺主语，这个连词指代前一句(These sites are becoming increasingly important for the elderly to look for ways to stay connected to society)，因此确定使用which连接 非限定性定语从句。‎ ‎66. lonely 考查固定搭配。feel lonely(感到孤独)是固定搭配。‎ ‎67. experience考查时态。 虽然主句的谓语动词用的是一般过去时态(showed因为研究已完成), 但从句表达的是现实状况所以使用一般现在时态(experience)。例如：Yesterday, the teacher told his students The USA is an advanced country.‎ ‎68. loved考查非谓语动词。此处love充当ones(指代人)的定语，ones与love是动宾关系，因此使用过去分词。loved ones(心爱的人、亲人) 。‎ ‎69. other考查不定代词。地球有两边(南半球、北半球或者东半球、西半球)，此处使用the other指代已知的两之中的另一个。‎ ‎70. is trapped考查时态、语态。从句子结构和句意来看，必须使用被动语态。此处the age group看做一个整体因此使用is trapped(被疾病所困扰)。 ‎ ‎5. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Today, digital devices (设备) 61 (help) prevent the development of disease in the elderly, and often in a surprising manner. For example, research suggests that the devices 62 (use) to treat the 63 (lose) of hearing are also helping the onset of dementia (痴呆).‎ Fitness trackers such as Fitbit, are helping monitor their users’ activity levels and encouraging 64 to adopt more active and healthier lifestyles, which is having a positive effect on illnesses such as hypertension (高血压).‎ Devices such as the Amazon Echo, are giving back valuable independence to those suffering from the loss of movement, which, 65 it is taken away, can leave one feeling worthless, and shamed.‎ This artificial intelligence assistant allows 66 elderly to carry out a large number 67 tasks through voice control e.g. lighting, and heating. Therefore, it enables users not to rely on others for the 68 (small) task and gives back 69 (price) independence and pride.‎ These devices 70 (prove) to help overcome memory issues, too—a leading causes of independence loss in old age.‎ ‎【文章大意】数字设备正在诸方面帮助老年人。例如：数字设备不仅可以帮助老年人提高听力、记忆力、治疗高血压，还可以帮助失去移动能力的人做一些事情——打开灯或加热器的开关，等等。进而数字设备提高了老年人的生活质量、增强了他们的自信心和自尊心。‎ ‎61. are helping考查时态。每时每刻都发生的事情必须使用现在进行时态。Eg. The population in the world is increasing, The environment is being polluted, etc.‎ ‎62. used考查非谓语动词考查介词。本句含有两个谓语(suggests, are helping)和一个连词(suggests后的that),根据原则，此句不再需要谓语动词，而需要非谓语动词，use与devices是动宾关系，因此使用过去分词used充当devices的定语。‎ ‎66. the 考查冠词。形容词与the连用表达一类人，the elderly老年人。‎ ‎67. of考查固定搭配。a number of是固定搭配。‎ ‎68. smallest考查形容词最高级。人的生活中有很多事情，在两个以上范围内比较使用最高级smallest。‎ ‎69. priceless考查构词法。本句的意思是： 它(人造智能辅助设备)能使用户不再因为最小(smallest)的琐事依赖他人并且使他们重拾无价的priceless (金钱也买不到的)自立能力和自豪感。‎ ‎70. have been proved /proven考查时态、语态。此处的逻辑是从数字设备出现到现在为止已经证明，因此使用现在完成时态。prove + adj. / n. / to ‎ be时是系动词，不用被动语态。物做主语，并且与prove是动宾关系时要使用被动语态。此题属于第二种(使用被动语态)情况，因此答案是have been proved /proven。‎ ‎6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Over the last few years, learning Chinese 61 (become) popular among people all over the world. Last month, I received an email from my cousin Jack, 62 lived in Canada. He said he was enthusiastic about Chinese and asked me to find him some books 63 (special) intended for Chinese beginners. 64 (feel) very happy, I couldn’t wait to find him some books. So I went from one bookstore to another to find something 65 (suit) for him. Finally I selected a set of Chinese textbooks among 66 (variety) of similar ones. Then I went to a post office to have 67 (they) delivered by air without delay. Several days 68 (late), I received Jack’s email, in which he said that he really appreciated the books I had sent 69 him. I’m very glad that Jack is beginning to learn Chinese just like many other foreigners abroad, but I know it may be 70 enjoyable challenge for him.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为国外计划学习汉语的外甥买书的事情。‎ ‎61. has become 考查动词时态。根据时间状语Over the last few years判断用现在完成时。故填has become。‎ ‎62. who考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，指代Jack，用关系代词。故填who。‎ ‎63. specially考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词形式。故填specially。‎ ‎64. Feeling考查非谓语动词。短语作状语，动词feel和I之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填Feeling。‎ ‎65. suitable考查词性转换。修饰不定代词应该用形容词形式。故填suitable。‎ ‎66. varieties考查名词复数。固定短语：varieties of“各种各样的”。‎ ‎67. them考查代词。空格处在句中作宾语，指代textbooks，应该用代词的宾格形式。故填them。‎ ‎68. later考查副词。固定短语：时间段+later “多久以后”。故填later。‎ ‎69. to考查介词。固定短语：send sth. To sb. “送给某人某物”。‎ ‎70. an考查冠词。challenge是可数名词，而enjoyable是以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。‎ ‎7. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Take a tour of Monkey Park Situated between Jerusalem and the coastal city of Tel Aviv, Israel’s Monkey Park is home ‎ to more than 250 61 (difference) species of monkeys. ‎ Considered one of the country’s most popular animal 62 (attract), it offers a unique experience as it 63 (run) by the Israeli Primate Foundation, a nonprofit organization whose aim is to provide a rehabilitation(康复) center for monkeys while 64 (educate) the public about these lovely creatures.‎ Over the last two years the park 65 (receive) 650 monkeys from a breeding farm that shut down. Most monkeys in 66 park live in enclosures(圈地). Visitors are able to view them up close and, thanks to one 67 (special) designed section, are even able to interact with them. Right outside the visiting area is the rehabilitation center. That’s 68 monkeys who need care are being nursed back to health.‎ Among the family-friendly activities 69 (offer)at Monkey Park for human visitors are workshops, rides and wall climbing. There are also comprehensive guided walking tours, 70 last up to three hours.‎ One feature of the Monkey Park is the children’s playground. But it’s still the monkeys that attract people most.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于耶路撒冷和特拉维夫市之间的猴子公园。该公园是这个国家最受欢迎的动物景点之一，它给人们提供了一种全新的体验。‎ ‎61. different考查形容词。修饰名词应该用形容词，故填different。‎ ‎62. attractions 考查名词。“one of+限定词+复数名词”表示“……之一”，故填attractions。‎ ‎63. is run 考查时态和语态。从语境判断用一般现在时，而且是表示被动，故填 is run。‎ ‎64. educating 考查现在分词。此处是“连词+分词”结构，表示主动，用现在分词。‎ ‎65. has received 考查时态。根据时间状语Over the last two years 判断用现在完成时，此处表示主动，且根据主谓一致的原则判断填has received。‎ ‎66. the考查冠词。特指上文提到的park，故填 the。‎ ‎67. specially 考查副词。修饰过去分词designed用副词修饰，故填 specially。‎ ‎68. where 考查连词。从结构判断此处是表语从句，从句缺少状语，根据语境判断填表示地点的连词where。‎ ‎69. offered 考查过去分词。此处是非谓语短语作后置定语，offer和activities之间是被动关系，用过去分词，故填 offered。‎ ‎70. which 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词，指代guided walking tours 用which。‎ ‎8. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the largest waterfalls in China and East Asia，41 (locate) on the Baishui River in Anshun, Guizhou province. It is 77.8 m in height and 101 m in 42 (wide). Known 43 the Huangguoshu Waterfall National Park, it is 45 km southwest of Anshun City. Together with minor 44 (waterfall), the charms of the waterfall is a 45 (nature) tourist draw, 46 (classify) as National AAAA Level Scenic Spot by the China National Tourism Administration. Huangguoshu Waterfall's view changes 47 (depend) on the location of the viewer. One viewing spot is Waterfall-Viewing Pavilion, 48 you see the whole waterfall from 49 distance. Another is Water-Viewing Stage where you get a bird's eye view. The50 （three）is Waterfall-Viewing Stage in which you raise your head to see the scene Waterfall.‎ 试题分析：本题主要考査词法和句法知识，集中考査了词性转换，状语从句和非谓语动词等语法知识。‎ located 考査非谓语。locate，动词，使坐落于，表示某个地点坐落于用：be located+ 介词短语，作非谓语时把be动词去掉，本句中空前逗号前是一个简单句，所以此空是非谓语，故填located 。‎ ‎42.width 考査名词。 wide，形容词，宽的，根据介词后接名词，故填名词width 。‎ ‎43.as 考査介词。be known as 作为……而著名，句意：作为黄果树国家公园而著名。‎ ‎44.waterfalls 考査名词单复数。句意：加上小的瀑布，瀑布的美就是一个天然的吸引力，小瀑布不止一个，应该用复数，故填waterfalls 。‎ ‎45.natural 考查形容词。句意：瀑布的美就是一个天然的有吸引力的地方。nature，名词，自然，其形容词形式：natural，自然的，天然的，根据形容词修饰名词，根据句意故填natural。‎ ‎49. a考查冠词。句意 ‎：在这个观景台，你可以从稍远的地方看到整个的瀑布,从稍远的地方应该用不定冠词，故填 a。‎ ‎50. third 考查序数词。根据上文已经提到了两个观景台，此处是第三个，且the + 序数词，故填third。‎ ‎9. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Some teens dream of a new car or over-the-top party for their sweet 16, but one grandfather spent years 61 (make) a more thoughtful gift 62 his granddaughter.‎ When Rose was two, her grandpa started taking notes every time they spent time together. He kept 63 habit until she was five, filling up three notebooks over the three years.‎ On Rose’s 16th birthday, her grandfather decided she was old enough to 64 (full) appreciate the meaning behind the books, and 65 (give) them to her as a present. When Rose realized 66 the gift was, she was in total shock.‎ The notebook told of specific things Rose 67 (do) or said. Her grandpa recorded his 68 (memory) of them two laughing and playing games. “Throughout the stories he would repeatedly add how much he loved and cared for me,” says Rose.‎ ‎“The gift will forever be the 69 (great) gift I’ve received because of how much value and meaning it has behind it,” she says.‎ To my delight, today for my birthday, my grandpa gave me 3 books with stories of each time he hung out with me from the age of 2 to 5. I was so moved as to be 70 (speech).‎ http://www.rd.com/true-stories/inspiring/grandfather-granddaughter-memory-books/ (196)‎ ‎【文章大意】一般来说人们买贵重物品或开派对来祝贺生日，但，Rose的爷爷给她一个不一样的生日礼物——她和爷爷相互陪伴、共同玩耍的记录本。作者的爷爷也给了她相同的生日礼物。‎ ‎61. marking 考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”。‎ ‎62. for 考查介词。“a gift for sb(给某人的礼物)”；“a gift from sb (某人给的礼物)”。根据语境，此处该用前者。‎ ‎63. the考查冠词。此处特指Rose的爷爷作记录的习惯，故要用定冠词the。‎ ‎64. fully 考查副词。修饰动词appreciate应该用副词fully。‎ ‎65. gave 考查时态。空前的and在此连接并列谓语，因此give与decided应保持形式一致，故填gave。‎ ‎66. what 考查连词。空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语，所以填what。‎ ‎67. had done考查时态。此句含一个省略了连词that/which的定语从句。定语从句的谓语动词do与say由并列连词or链接。又因为定语从句的谓语do与say所表达的动作发生在told之前，所以使用had done or said。‎ ‎68. memories 考查名词。memory为可数名词，由语境可知这里要用其复数形式，故填memories。‎ ‎69. greatest 考查形容词最高级。由于背后的巨大价值和深远的意义，这个礼物将永远是Rose收到的最好(greatest)礼物。‎ ‎70. speechless 考查形容词。激动得说不出话来(so moved as to be speechless)。‎ ‎10. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Kiyoto Saito is trying to change people’s opinion of agricultural work through his unusual attire(打扮). Whether he’s driving a tractor 61 is standing in the fields, Kiyoto is always wearing an elegant suit.‎ ‎ Kiyoto’s family has been planting rice for around 400 years, but as a teenager he 62 (find) the tradition boring and moved to the city. He returned to his native town two years ago, 63 (determine) to get involved in the family business.‎ ‎ 64 idea of wearing a suit in the fields started as a joke. One day, his brother joked about farming in an elegant suit, but Kyioto took it 65 (serious). He viewed the idea as the perfect way to change public opinion of agricultural work. “Most people think of farmers 66 ‘dirty all day’. I want youngsters to think ‘ farming looks fun’” he said.‎ ‎ At first no one seemed 67 (understand) him. Even his family was surprised by his 68 (choose) of farming attire. His grandfather worried 69 (do) farm work in a suit would be dangerous. ‎ ‎ Now Kiyoto is famous and has been invited on various television shows. He also has a blog where he regularly 70 (post) his farming experiences and photos of himself all dressed up.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了青年农民Kiyoto Saito通过穿着来展现农民新形象的故事。‎ ‎61. or 考查连词。根据句意可知此处是whether…or…结构，“不管……还是”。‎ ‎62. found 考查一般过去时。根据as a teenager或者并列谓语moved判断用动词过去式found。‎ ‎63. determined 考查形容词。形容词短语作状语表示主语的状态，故填determined。‎ ‎64. The 考查冠词。此处是特指在田地里劳动时穿西服套装这个想法，填定冠词The。‎ ‎65. seriously 考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式，take something seriously“认真看待”。‎ ‎66. as 考查介词。固定短语：think of sb as “把某人看作”。‎ ‎67. to understand 考查不定式。固定句型：sb seems to do something“某人似乎做某事”。‎ ‎68. choice 考查名词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填choice。‎ ‎69. doing考查动名词。宾语从句缺少主语应该用动名词，故填doing。‎ ‎70. posts 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据语境判断用一般现在时，主语是he，故填posts。‎ ‎11. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ More than 80 percent of Chinese students returned to the country after completing their studies abroad, and the country sent 544,500 students in 2016 61 (study) abroad.‎ China’s Ministry of Education (MOE)（教育部）said at 62 news conference that most of the world’s foreign students who study abroad are from China. Over 90 percent of them attend schools in English-speaking countries, such 63 the US and Australia, and over 70 percent pursue at least a bachelor’s degree.‎ It also said 98 percent of government-sponsored(公费的) students returned to China. So far, government-sponsored students who study abroad 64 (choose) to pursue disciplines most needed in China, 65 (include) engineering, agriculture and medical science.‎ The government-sponsored students have signed an agreement that says they 66 (require) to reimburse (偿还) the government if they do not return home after completing their studies.‎ China is trying to attract more students with an international background because of the country’s involvement in 67 (globe) cooperation.‎ ‎"Moreover, most Chinese 68 (family) only have one child, so many of us return to China 69 (willing) because we want to stay close to our family and friends," said a student surnamed Su, 70 gave up his job in the UK and returned to take care of his mother in China.‎ ‎61. to study 62. a 63. as 64. have chosen 65. including ‎ ‎66. are required 67. global 68. families 69. willingly 70. who ‎61. 考查不定式的用法。句意：2016年中国派了544500个学生到国外学习。此处表示目的，应用不定式，故填to study。‎ ‎62. 考查冠词的用法。句意：中国的教育部在一场新闻发布会上表示，全球大多数的留学生都是来自中国。a 表示泛指，意思是“一场”。故填a。‎ ‎63. 考查介词的用法。such as用来表示列举事物。故填as。‎ ‎64. 考查现在完成时态。根据句首的时间状语So far可判断用现在完成时。故填have chosen。‎ ‎68. 考查名词的复数。根据前面的“most”可知此处应该填名词的复数形式。故填families。‎ ‎69. 考查副词的用法。此处应该填副词，因为它修饰动词“return”。故填willingly。‎ ‎70. 考查定语从句的关系代词。最后一句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a student surnamed Su，关系词在从句中作主语，应该用who。故填who。‎ 出处：http://www.kekenet.com/read/201703/497385.shtml 词数：221‎ 短文改错 ‎1.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I am good at English and always get high marks in English test. Last month, an English speech contest held in our school. I take part on behalf of our class. Proud of my excellently English, I ignored my teacher’s advice but didn’t prepare for the contest at all. The important day came in. When it was my turn, I walked onto a stage confidently. However, the moment I saw the speech topic, my mind went complete blank. I was at a loss for words because I knew something about the topic. Filled with regret and shame, I learned a good lesson: pride comes after a fall.‎ 答案：‎ I am good at English and always get high marks in English . Last month, an English speech ‎ contest held in our school. I part on behalf of our class. Proud of my English, I ignored my teacher’s advice didn’t prepare for the contest at all. The important day came . When it was my turn, I walked onto stage confidently. However, the moment I saw the speech topic, my mind went blank. I was at a loss for words because I knew about the topic. Filled with regret and shame, I learned a good lesson: pride comes a fall.‎ 第一处：test →tests 考查名词单复数。根据前面always可知作者总是在英语考试中获得高分，所以此处是多次考试，所以把test改为tests。‎ 第二处： 在held前面加was 考查被动语态。根据句意可知句子是表示被动意思，应该用被动语态。‎ 第三处： take→ took 考查动词时态。文章介绍过去的事情，故用一般过去式。‎ 第四处： excellent →excellently考查形容词。修饰名词English应该用形容词形式。‎ 第五处： but →and 考查连词。根据句意判断前后是顺承关系，故把but改为and。‎ 第六处： 去掉in 考查短语。此处指重要的一天到来了，是特指比赛那天。‎ 第七处： a →the 考查冠词。此处指演讲者所站的舞台，是特指概念，用定冠词。‎ 第八处：complete →completely 考查副词。修饰动词went，用副词形式。‎ 第九处：something →nothing 考查代词。根据语境判断作者一下子什么也想不出来。‎ 第十处： after→ before 考查介词。根据句意可知，骄傲在摔倒之前发生，故把after改为before。‎ ‎2.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Yesterday I went to the local store to buy some breads. I was about to enter the store while ‎ I saw a little boy in the front of me fall over. However, he didn’t get up immediately. Walk closer, I found his eyes closing and there was blood on the ground. I realized something wrong with him. I run into the store to ask for help. Fortunately, it happened to be a doctor among the customers. He quickly went out to do first aid. A few minutes late, the boy came back to life. Just then, an ambulance came and several medical workers took her to the nearest hospital.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】‎ Yesterday I went to the local store to buy some breads. I was about to enter the store while I saw a ‎ bread when ‎ ‎ little boy in the front of me fall over. However, he didn’t get up immediately. Walk closer, I ‎ ‎ Walking found his eyes closing and there was blood on the ground. I realized something∧ wrong with ‎ ‎ closed was him. I run into the store to ask for help. Fortunately, it happened to be a doctor among the ‎ ‎ ran there customers. He quickly went out to do first aid. A few minutes late, the boy came back to life. Just ‎ later ‎ then, an ambulance came and several medical workers took her to the nearest hospital.‎ ‎ him 第一处：breads→bread 考查名词。bread是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把breads改为bread。‎ 第二处：while→ when 考查连词。固定句型：be about to do sth when+从句，意为“正要做某事这时……”，故把while改为when。‎ 第三处：去掉the 考查冠词。in front of“在……前面”（指在外部的前面）；而in the front of““在……前面”（指在内部的前面），根据语境可知此处是指“我”前面的小男孩，应该用in font of，故去掉the。‎ 第四处：Walk→ Walking考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语短语作状语，句子主语I和walk之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词，故把Walk改为Walking。‎ 第五处：closing→ closed 考查形容词。此处是“find +宾语+宾补”结构，应该用形容词表示宾语的状态，故把closing改为closed。‎ ‎3.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Is it all right students carry smart phones all the times? The opinions about that varies from person to person. Those for that think it is convenience for them to contact with others, especially it is necessary in emergency.‎ Those like that, however, think students are not supposed to. In their opinion, some students can’t resist a temptation to play games and watch something improper for them at improper time, wasting their precious time they should spend studying and taking sports. Besides, to playing games may cost them too many. As far as I’m concerning, students should value their studies, and safety more than other things. As for relaxation, we would better do what is beneficial for both mind and body.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Is it all right students carry smart phones all the ? The opinions about that from person to person. Those for that think it is for them to contact with others, especially it is necessary in emergency.‎ Those that, however, think students are not supposed to. In their opinion, some students can’t resist temptation to play games and watch something improper for them at improper time, wasting their precious time they should spend studying and taking sports. Besides, playing games may cost them too . As far as I’m , students should value their studies, and safety more than other things. As for relaxation, we better do what is beneficial for both mind and body.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 第一处：在student前添加that 考查主语从句。本句子含有两个谓语(is, carry)，需要一个引导主语从句的连词，在“students carry smart phones all the time”这个主语从句不缺主语、宾语；也不需要状语，而且表达确定意义，因此添加that(引导主语从句的that不可省略).‎ 第二处：times → time 考查固定词组。“all the time一直、每时每刻”是固定词组。‎ 第三处：varies → vary 考查主谓一致。此处vary的主语是opinions，因此使用vary而不是单数第三人称形式varies。‎ 第四处：convenience →convenient 考查词性。此处表语使用形容词“convenient方便的”而不是名词“convenience方便”。‎ 第五处：like → against 考查介词。根据上下文，此处语境是反对上述观点的人“those against that”。‎ 第六处：a →the 考查冠词。人们有多种欲望，某一种欲望“a temptation”，此处特指玩游戏或看视频的欲望，属于特指，因此用the。‎ 第七处：删除playing前的to 考查非谓语动词。此处是动名词做主语，应删除多余的to。除“It be adj to do”句型必须使用动词不定式做主语外，其他句型常用动名词做主语。‎ 第八处：many →much 考查代词。此处语境是：网上玩游戏可能很费钱，“cost后常跟钱做宾语”，钱是不可数名词，因此用much。‎ 第九处：concerning →concerned 考查动语态。“concern涉及，关系到; 使关心”是及物动词，它后面没有宾语是必须使用被动语态或过去分词。‎ 第十处：would →had考查情态动词。had better do是固定搭配，用来表达委婉的建议。‎ ‎4.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Mr. Li,‎ I’m Wangtao. I’m written to tell you my opinion about employing a foreign language teacher.‎ They are two factors to take into consider. For a thing, the sense of humor is necessary for a teacher, which makes his class interested and lively. For another, ensure efficiency in teaching and learning, the foreigner’s ability to speak Chinese matters much, so only with the help of Chinese can they communicate with each other smoothly.‎ Various of activities out of class, such as English Evening and English Corner, should be organized by the foreign language teacher, which bring the students more chances to communicate with the teacher and improve their oral English.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Dear Mr. Li,‎ I’m Wangtao. I’m to tell you my about employing a foreign language teacher.‎ are two factors to take into . For thing, the sense of humor is necessary for a teacher, which makes his class and lively. For another, ensure efficiency in teaching and learning, the foreigner’s ability to speak Chinese matters much, only with the help of Chinese can they communicate with each other smoothly.‎ Various activities out of class, such as English Evening and English Corner, should be organized by the ‎ foreign language teacher, which the students more chances to communicate with the teacher and improve ‎ their oral English.‎ 第一处：written →writing 考查时态、语态。此处意思是我在写信(I’m writing)，应使用主动的现在进行时。‎ 第二处：opinion → opinions 考查名词复数。opinion是可数名词。表达很多观点时应该使用它的复数形式。‎ 第三处：They → There 考查句型。此处意思是有二个因素需要考虑。存在句式用there be句型表达。‎ 第四处：consider → consideration 考查构词法。take sth into consideration是固定词组。介词后需要名词，因此将动词consider改为名词consideration 第五处：a → one 考查词组。For one thing和后文的for another 是一组搭配。用来引出两种观点或解释。‎ 第六处：interested → interesting 考查非谓语动词。interesting在此充当class的复合宾语(宾语补语)。class与interest是主谓关系(eg: Her class interests Tom)，因此使用interesting 第七处：在ensure前添加to 考查非谓语动词。此处不是祈使句结构。本句从For another到smoothly是一个句子，已经有二个谓语(matters, can communicate)和一个连词，因此不能再用谓语，使用to ensure表达目的状语。本句的意思是：为了确保教、学的效率，教师说汉语的能力十分重要，因为只有通过汉语他们才能顺畅地相互交流。‎ ‎5. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Tom,‎ I am Li Hua. I am writing to tell you the adulthood ceremony holding in our school yesterday.‎ At 8:00 am all students and teachers from Senior 3 who gathered on the playground of our school, where a grand ceremony took place. The principal first delivered a speech congratulating us on our adulthood, but then one of the students spoke briefly in behalf of us. Finally, we students took an oath that we should behaves as adults and take many responsibilities in the future. However, some parents were invited to attend the ceremony.‎ I believe the events will encourage ourselves to work hard to make our dream come true.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 解析：‎ Dear Tom,‎ I am Li Hua. I am writing to tell you the adulthood ceremony holding in our school yesterday.‎ ‎ held At 8:00 am all ∧ students and teachers from Senior 3 who gathered on the playground of our school, where a ‎ ‎ the grand ceremony took place. The principal first delivered a speech congratulating us on our adulthood, but then one ‎ ‎ and of the students spoke briefly in behalf of us. Finally, we students took an oath that we should behaves as adults and ‎ ‎ on behave take many responsibilities in the future. However, some parents were invited to attend the ceremony.‎ ‎ more Morever I believe the events will encourage ourselves to work hard to make our dream come true.‎ event us Yours,‎ Li Hua 第一处：holding→held 考查非谓语动词的用法。这里是说昨天举行了成人仪式，动词在这里作后置定语，故将holding改为held。‎ 第二处：在all和students中间加the 考查定冠词的用法。因为是特指本校的学生和教师，所以在all和students中间要加上定冠词the。‎ 第三处：去掉Senior 3后面的who 考查代词的用法。本句是一个简单句，不需要关系代词。如果加了who的话，就不是一个完整的句子了，故将who去掉。‎ 第四处：but→and 考查连词的用法。前面说校长祝贺我们成人，后面是学生代表发言，应该是递进关系，故将but改为and。‎ 第五处：in→on 考查介词的用法。on behalf of是固定短语，意思是“代表……”，故将in改为on。‎ 第六处：behaves→behave 考查动词的用法。动词前面有情态动词should，所以后面要用动词原形。故将behaves改为behave。‎ 第七处：many→more 考查比较级的用法。因为这里表示将来要承担更多的责任，所以应该用比较级。故将many改为more。‎ 第八处：However→Moreover 考查副词的用法。此处是递进关系，而不是转折关系，故将However改为Moreover。‎ 第九处：events→event 考查名词单复数的用法。这里是指这次的成人仪式，所以要用单数形式，故将events改为event。‎ 第十处：ourselves→us 考查代词的用法。成人仪式只能是鼓励“我们”，而不是“我们自己”。所以将ourselves改为us。‎ ‎6. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Li Ming and I have grown crazily about swimming ever since last year. Last Sunday we decide to go swimming in the Water Cube. So on my way there, I met a little boy, which was crying loudly. I came up with and asked him what was the reason. He said he got lost and that it was the first time he has gone out by himself. So I sent him to the nearest police’s station. Not until an hour late did I get to the gate of the Water Cube. Li Ming got very angry with myself. However, after I explained to him what had happened, he calmed down and made apology to me. ‎ 答案 Li Ming and I have grown crazily about swimming ever since last year. Last Sunday we decide to go swimming ‎ ‎ crazy decided in the Water Cube. So on my way there, I met a little boy, which was crying loudly. I came up with and asked ‎ ‎ But who ‎ him what was the reason. He said he got lost and that it was the first time he has gone out by himself. So I sent ‎ ‎ had him to the nearest police’s station. Not until an hour late did I get to the gate of the Water Cube. Li Ming got very angry ‎ ‎ police later with myself. However, after I explained to him what had happened, he calmed down and made∧ apology to me. ‎ ‎ me an ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者在去游泳的路上帮助一个迷路的小孩的故事。‎ 第一句：crazily→ crazy 考查形容词。grow“变得”，是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。‎ 第二句：decide → decided 考查动词时态。根据语境判断用一般过去时。‎ 第三句：So → But 考查连词。根据句意可知此处是转折关系，用But。‎ 第三句：which→ who 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中主语指人，故把which改为who。‎ 第四句：去掉with 考查短语。 come up表示“走上前来”，而come up with表示“提出”，故去掉with。‎ 第五句：has → had 考查动词时态。固定句型：It was the first time that从句，从句中用过去完成时。‎ ‎7. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ Dear Mr. Brown,‎ I’m real glad to receive your letter. As you have seen it, lots of Chinese chose to stick the character Fu on the door upside down during the Spring Festival. This actually expresses their best wish for the new year. In Chinese, the character for “upside down” sounds same as the character for “ to arrive” so this means that happy is arriving. Quite interested, isn’t it?‎ On the way, I’d like to invite you to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival with my family after the College Entrance Exam. It’s a day in memory of the great poet Qu Yuan but we usually eat Zongzi and enjoy dragon boat races. It will be a good opportunity to experience Chinese culture and tradition.‎ ‎ Looking forward to receive your reply.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua Dear Mr. Brown,‎ I’m glad to receive your letter. As you have seen , lots of Chinese to stick the character Fu on the door upside down during the Spring Festival. This actually expresses their best for the new year. In Chinese, the character for “upside down” sounds ∧same as the character for “ to arrive” so this means that ‎ ‎ the ‎ is arriving. Quite , isn’t it? ‎ ‎ the way, I’d like to invite you to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival with my family after the College ‎ Exam. It’s a day in memory of the great poet Qu Yuan we usually eat Zongzi and enjoy dragon boat races. It will be a good opportunity to experience Chinese culture and tradition.‎ ‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.第一句real---really。 考查副词的用法。修饰形容词的词应该是副词，故把real 改为really。‎ ‎2.第二句删去it。 考查非限定从的用法。本句话为非限制性定语从句，As做can see的宾语，所以要去掉多余的it。‎ ‎3.第二句chose---choose。 考查一般现在时态。本段叙述的是事实，都应该用一般现在时态，chose是过去式，故把chose改为choose。‎ ‎4.第三句wish—wishes。 考查名词的复数。表示祝愿的名词应该用复数，故把wish改为wishes。‎ ‎5.第四句在same 之前加the。 考查冠词的用法。same之前应该用the，故在same之前添加the。‎ ‎6.第四句happy---happiness。 考查名词的用法。形容词不能做主语，应该用名词作主语，故把happy改为happiness。‎ ‎7.第五句interested---interesting。 考查形容词的用法。interested是形容人的形容词，interesting 用来形容物或者事，故把interested改为interesting。‎ ‎8.第六句On --- By。考查介词的用法。On the way 是在路上 by the way是顺便说一下，根据语境应该是顺便说一下。故把On 改为By。‎ ‎9.第七句but—and。考查连词的用法。那是纪念屈原的日子和吃粽子是并列关系，故把but改为and。‎ ‎10.第九句receive---receiving。考查动名词的用法。英语中介词之后应该用动名词作宾语，故把receive改为receiving。‎ ‎8. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ In yesterday’s letter, you ask me whether it was right or not your teacher punished you for using smart phones in school. As we know, smart phones can not only make our life much convenient but also help us contact with others more easy. Besides, the smart phone is a tool to entertain ourselves. However, use smart phones also causes some problems. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the class. Playing with cell phones too much takes up too much time students should spend on their works. As a student, you should focus in study. Otherwise, it is right for your teacher to stop you using smart phones.‎ ‎【答案】‎ In yesterday’s letter, you ask me whether it was right or not ∧your teacher punished you for using ‎ ‎ asked that smart phones in school. As we know, smart phones can not only make our life much convenient but also ‎ ‎ more help us contact with others more easy. Besides, the smart phone is a tool to entertain ourselves. ‎ However, ‎ ‎ easily us ‎ use smart phones also causes some problems. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the ‎ using class. Playing with smart phones takes up too much time students should spend on their works. As a ‎ work student, you should focus in study. Otherwise, it’s right for your teacher to stop you using smart phones.‎ on Therefore 第一处：ask→asked。 yesterday’s letter暗示第一句应该使用一般过去时态。‎ 第二处：第一句在not后加that。 第一句含有三个谓语动词(asked, was, punished)，暗示需要两个连词(whether和未知的连词)，又依据主语从句(your teacher punished you for using smart phones in school)的句意是完整确切的，而确定用连词that。‎ 第三处：much → more。 此处表达智能手机使人们生活更方便，后文more easily也暗示此处该用比较级。‎ 第四处：easy → easily。此处副词easily修饰动词contact。‎ 第五处：ourselves → us。此句表达使我们娱乐，没有出现主语we,因此不可使用ourselves。‎ ‎9. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mary died in October, 2013, whom devoted her whole life to taking care of the homeless. In honor of her, her friend Luke made up his minds to do a good deed every day for a year. He did all that he can to help others. He took out of rubbish for his elderly neighbors. He baked bread and sent them to his friends. He even bought meals for completely strangers. He spent $3, 000 on good deeds, although he was only part-time worker. Some people didn’t understand him, thought he wanted something in return. When hearing this, he said, “Honest speaking, helping others can help ourselves but it makes us more grateful for what we have.” ‎ 答案：‎ Mary died in October, 2013, whom devoted her whole life to taking care of the homeless. In ‎ ‎ who ‎ honor of her, her friend Luke made up his minds to do a good deed every day for a year. He did ‎ ‎ mind all that he can to help others. He took out of rubbish for his elderly neighbors. He baked bread ‎ ‎ could and sent them to his friends. He even bought meals for completely strangers. He spent $3, 000 on ‎ ‎ it complete good deeds, although he was only∧ part-time worker. Some people didn’t understand him, ‎ a thought he wanted something in return. When hearing this, he said, “Honest speaking,‎ thinking Honestly helping others can help ourselves but it makes us more grateful for what we have.” ‎ ‎ and ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛丽的朋友受她的影响而坚持每天做好事的故事。‎ 第一处：whom→ who 考查定语从句的关系词。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，故把whom改为who。‎ 第二处：minds → mind 考查名词。根据句中Luke可知此处用名词的单数形式，故把minds改为mind。‎ 第三处：can → could 考查动词时态。根据语境可知文章讲述的是过去的事情，故把can改为could。‎ 第四处：去掉of 考查介词。take out“拿出”，而take out of “从某处拿出某物”。‎ 第五处：them →it 考查代词。指代不可数名词bread需要用it，故把them改为it。‎ 第六处：completely → complete 考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词形式，故把completely改为complete。‎ 第七处：only后加a 考查冠词。worker是单数可数名词，且此处是泛指概念，故在only后加a。‎ 第八处：thought→ thinking 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语短语作状语，thought和句子主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ 第九处：Honest→ Honestly考查副词。固定短语：honestly speaking“诚实地说”。‎ 第十处：but→ and 考查连词。根据句意可知前后句是顺承关系，故把but改为and。‎ 单项填空 ‎1. China and Malaysia, two neighbors facing each other across _______ sea, enjoy _______ time-honored friendship.‎ A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; the ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：中国和马来西亚隔海相望，两国的友谊由来已久。这里特指位于中国和马来西亚之间的南海，用定冠词the；泛指一段历史悠久的友谊，用不定冠词。故选B。‎ ‎【考点】考查冠词 ‎2. I am delighted to come to ________ National University of Singapore and talk to you as _______ guest speaker of Singapore Lecture.‎ A. the; a B. a; he C. /; the D. a; a ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：很高兴来到新加坡国立大学，并利用“新加坡讲座”这个平台，同各位同学和各界朋友见面。根据句意可以判断，第一空用the表示特指，第二空用a表泛指。 故选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词的用法 ‎3. Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman scientist to win _______ 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for her work in helping to create ________ anti-malaria medicine.‎ A. the; an B. a; 不填 C. a; an D. a; the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：屠呦呦由于其在抗疟疾药物领域的贡献，成为首位获得2015诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国女科学家。第一空用the特指2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；第二空用不定冠词an（用于元音音素开头的名词前）。因此选A项。‎ 考点：冠词辨析 ‎4. It looks like _______ weather is taking a turn for _______ worse. We had better cancel the trip to the mountains.‎ A. the; the B.不填; the C. the; 不填 D.不填; 不填 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：看上去天气变得更糟糕了。我们最好取消去大山的旅行。第一空特指当前的“天气”，故用定冠词the。第二空为固定短语，take a turn for the worse“恶化，变得糟糕” ，为固定短语，第二空填the。因此选A项。‎ 考点：冠词辨析 ‎5. _______ Erhu, _______ well-known Chinese traditional musical instrument, was played at the school concert last night.‎ A. The; the B. 不填;a C. The; a D.不填; the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：Erhu为中国乐器，前面不加冠词。逗号后面的部分作Erhu的同位语，进一步解释说明Erhu的具体内容。第二个空用a表示泛指。因此选B项。‎ 考点：冠词辨析 ‎6.Instead of winning ___ gold medal as had been expected, this world record holder only came ____ fifth in the game.‎ A. a; the B. a; / C. the; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：没有像预期那样获得金牌，这个世界记录的持有者在比赛中获得第五名。第一空填the，特指金牌，第二空不填，fifth这里是副词，所以选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎7. --Have you passed ______ P.E. test?‎ ‎ --I have tried third times, and the teacher will allow me to have _____ forth try.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; the ‎【答案】A 考点：考查冠词 ‎8.________ strong earthquake struck eastern Nepal _________ this Tuesday.‎ ‎ A. A; / B. The; /‎ ‎ C. An; / D. The; the ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：这周二尼泊尔南部发生了一次强震。泛指“一次强震”用不定冠词；当名词前有this修饰时，前面不用冠词，例：this year，故选A。‎ 考点: 考查冠词 ‎9. Purchasing _______houses that are environmentally responsible is _______good investment for anyone concerned about their own health and well-being of the earth.‎ A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：购买对环境负责的房屋对关心他们自己的健康和地球幸福的任何人是很好的投资。第一空不填，泛指房屋，第二空填a，是“一个好的投资”，所以选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎10.By 2030, when _______ number of consumers worldwide has reached 4.2 billion, people with_______ high income will be, for the first time, more than those struggling to meet basic needs.‎ A. a; the B. a; / C. the; the D.the; /‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：到2030年，当全世界的消费者的数量达到42亿，高收入的人将第一次超过努力达到基本需求的人。第一空填the，the number of……的数量，第二空不填，high income高收入，所以选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎11.The movie Dearest directed by Peter Chan, brought in over 0.3 billion yuan in 2014, which was ________ new height in ________ director’s career.‎ ‎ A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：不定冠词a/an表示泛指，意为“一个，某个”；定冠词the表示特指，意为“那个，这个”，或指双方都知道的人或物。一个新的高度，即a new height，是泛指；特指电影《亲爱的》的导演，用定冠词the，故选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法 ‎12. _________ persons from all walks of life are trying their best to make ________ better ZheJiang.‎ ‎ A. the; a B. the; / C. /; the D. /; a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：来自各行各业的人们正在努力创建一个更加美好的浙江。可数名词复数表示泛指，前面不需要冠词，类似的还有：一日三餐、球类、学科、月份等的前面不加冠词；不定冠词a/an+比较级+名词，表示泛指“一个更......的......”，这里是泛指“一个更美好的浙江”，应该用不定冠词，故选D。‎ 考点：冠词用法 ‎13._________global village has indeed sprung up among ____teenage generation，who share common values and attitudes．‎ ‎ A. The；the B. The；a C. The；/ D. A；the ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：地球村确实在青少年一代中涌现出来，在这里他们分享共同的价值观和人生态度。第一空填a，泛指一个地球村， 第二空填the， 特指青年一代，根据句意选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎14. An accident happened at ________ supermarket a few meters away from ________ park.‎ ‎ A. a; a B. /; a C. /; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：一件意外事故发生在离某一公园几米处的一家超市。此题表明是一件传说的事，不知事件的详细情况，所以表泛指。此句含有三个不定冠词，因此理解本句对不定冠词的用法极有帮助。‎ 考点：此题考查不定冠词的用法。‎ ‎15.Besides the others ,there was still ___third one who said he was ___second to reach the end .‎ ‎ A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the ‎ ‎16.— Have you heard of ________ death of Steven Jobs? ‎ ‎— Yes. It must be________ shock to Apple fans. ‎ A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; /‎ ‎17. One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _____good knowledge of basic word formation. ‎ A. / B. the C. a D. one ‎18．Our responsibility is weightier than ______Mount Tai, and our road ahead is _______ long one．‎ ‎ A．the；不填 B．a；the C．a；不填 D．不填；a ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 句意：我们的责任重于泰山，我们有很长的路要走。第一个空是特指泰山，用大写时，不用冠词；第二空泛指“一条很长的路”，答案选D。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎19. During the long course of history, the Chinese people have, working with diligence, bravery and wisdom, created _________ beautiful homeland where all ethnic groups live in harmony, and developed _______ great culture.‎ ‎ A. a, a B. /, the C. /, a D. a, the ‎ ‎【答案】A 考点：考查冠词 ‎20．In my view, realizing ______ great renewal of the Chinese nation is _______ Chinese nation's greatest dream in modern history.‎ ‎ A．the；the B．a；the C．a；不填 D．the；a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 句意：在我看来，实现中华民族的伟大复兴是现代历史中中华民族的最伟大的梦想。第一个空是特指中华民族的伟大复兴，用定冠词；第二空特指“中华民族最伟大的梦想”，最高级前加the，答案选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎21．We are greatly encouraged by ______ great expectation the people of all ethnic groups in China have of us, and we are aware that this is also ______ important responsibility for us.‎ ‎ A． a, the B． the;an C． the, the D． a:/‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：第一空填the，特指“全国各族人民对我们的伟大期望”，第二空填an，泛指“这是一种重要的责任”，抽象名词具体化。所以选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎22. On behalf of _______ Chinese government, I wish to extend warm congratulations on the opening of the annual conference and ________ hearty welcome to all forum participants.‎ ‎ A. a, a B. /, the C. the, a D. a, the ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：，我代表中国政府，对年会的召开表示热烈的祝贺！对远道而来的嘉宾表示诚挚的欢迎！第一空填the，特指“中国政府”，第二空填a，指“一次具体的欢迎活动”，这是抽象名词具体化。所以选C 考点：考查冠词 ‎23．It is _____ great pleasure for me to come to ______ College of Europe and meet with faculty members and students.‎ ‎ A．the；the B．a；the C．a；不填 D．the；a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 句意：很高兴来到欧洲学院同大家见面。第一个空抽象名词具体化，用不定冠词；第二空特指“欧洲学院”，前加the，答案选B。‎ 考点：考查冠词用法。‎ ‎24．Today, after more than 50 years of development, the College of Europe has not only served as ______ important think tank for the European Union but also become_____cradle of political elites of Europe.‎ ‎ A． an, the B． the;an C． the, the D． an；/‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：经过半个多世纪发展，欧洲学院不仅成为欧盟的重要智库，而且成为“欧洲政治精英的摇篮”。第一空填an，泛指“一个重要智库”，第二空填the，特指“欧洲政治精英的摇篮”。所以选A。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎25．As we all know，____life is hard for any of us. If we live___ happy life，we must all work harder. ‎ A．／：／ B．／；a C．a；／ D．a；a ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎