第15周+生态环保类-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第15周+生态环保类-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第 15 周 生态环保类阅读理解 ‎（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）‎ 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________‎ I.单项填空(每小题1分，共10分)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1.—Nancy doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her?‎ ‎—She has a terrible headache because she__________ too long. She should stop to have a good rest.‎ A. has been working B. had worked ‎ C.is working D. was working ‎【答案】A ‎2.Experts warn that global warming will cause extreme climate changes including more__________floods, heat waves and droughts.‎ A. usual B. ordinary ‎ C. frequent D. common ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：专家警告说，全球变暖导致气候的变化包括频繁的洪灾，热浪和干旱。A. usual通常的；B. ordinary平常的，普通的；C. frequent频繁的；D. common 常见的。故选C。‎ ‎3.—Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?‎ ‎—OK. It’s two blocks straight ahead. You__________ miss it.‎ A. can’t B. mustn’t ‎ C. needn’t D. wouldn’t ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——您好，能告诉我如何才能到最近的文峰超市？——好的，就在前面两个街区，你不会错过的。can’t表示有把握的否定推测，表示“不可能”；Mustn’t表示“禁止，千万不能”；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。故选A。‎ ‎4—Why not talk with your parents about your willingness to attend 2017 Peking University Summer Camp?‎ ‎—I tried__________ to get them to listen to me.‎ A.in time B.in vain ‎ C.in need D.in case ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查介词短语。句意：——为什么不告诉你的父母关于你想参加2017北京大学夏令营的事？——我试着说服让他们听我的，但没用。A. in time及时；B. in vain白费地；徒劳无益地；无效果的；C. in need需要；D. in case假使，万一。‎ ‎5.— How did you find your trip to Water Park in the summer of 2016?‎ ‎—I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was________than I expected.‎ A. even much interesting B. far more interesting C.so far interesting D. far from interesting ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词。根据后面的“than I expected”可知，此处运用比较级more interesting，而far可以修饰比较级。故选B。‎ ‎6.______ he is remembered for is his humorous style when he is talking.‎ A. Where B. That ‎ C. What D. How ‎【答案】C ‎7.––Do you mind if I go out this evening?‎ ‎—I don’t mind what you do ______ you let me know ahead of time.‎ A. ever since B.in case ‎ C.as long as D. even though ‎【答案】C ‎8.Without our team's great effort, the art exhibition last week ________ such a great success.‎ A. wouldn't be B. won't be C. wouldn't have been D. won't have been ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有我们团队的极大努力，上周我们的展览就不会是这样的成功。本句运用了虚拟语气，根据last week 可知，是对故去事情的推测，句子谓语动词用would/ could have done…‎ ‎ 故选C。‎ ‎9.Mary was pleased to see that the seeds she________ in the garden were growing.‎ A. was planting B. has planted ‎ C. would plant D. had planted ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：玛丽高兴地看到她在花园里种的种子正在生长。定语从句的谓语动作发生于主句谓语动词之前，所以用过去完成时。故选D。‎ ‎10. __________ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother's Day.‎ A. Expressing B. Expressed ‎ C. To express D. Having expressed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：为了表达他的爱，在母亲节这一天，Chris给他的妈妈送了一张感谢卡。此处运用不定式作目的状语。故选C。‎ II.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot "greener" toward the environment(环境). "We didn't know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it," says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.‎ But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. "The understanding has increased many, many times," says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.‎ According to US government reports, emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of "green thinking" has become part of practices.‎ Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling(回收利用)  programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.‎ Twenty-five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it's hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. "Until we do that, nothing else will change!" says Bruce Anderson.‎ ‎1.According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about________.‎ A. the social movement B. recycling techniques C. environmental problems D. the importance of Earth Day ‎2.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?‎ A. The grass-roots level. B. The business circle.‎ C. Government officials. D. University professors.‎ ‎3.What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?‎ A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest.‎ B. They have settled their environmental problems.‎ C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.‎ D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.‎ ‎4.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?‎ A. Education. B. Planning. ‎ C. Green living. D.CO reduction.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，介绍环保意识在美国从无到有，逐渐增强，环保教育势在必行。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】考查推理判断。依据第二段后半部分推断，美国政府多管齐下，污染问题大为缓解。A项错在lowest，B项错在have settled， C项错在forty。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】考查推理判断。依据最后一段内容推断，环保意识教育至关重要。‎ ‎＂人与自然和谐发展＂是时代的主题，生态环保的话题也越来越多地出现在新试题中。‎ 在命题方面有以下趋势：‎ ‎1.题材：强调人与自然和谐发展。‎ ‎2.选材：关注人、自然的生态现状和未来发展。‎ ‎3.命题：形式多样，突出整体理解，合理推断。 ‎ III. 完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed. I was totally 　1　and felt I was suddenly placed under 　2　of death with an indefinite reprieve (缓刑). After careful thought, I 　3　my affairs; then I went home and got into bed. But 2 years later, I left my bed and　4　the long climb back. It was another year 　5　I made it.‎ I speak of this experience because these past years have 　6　me what to value and what to believe. I 　7　now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎)to be opened but my　8　to be grasped.‎ I’ve also learned that it’s necessary to 　9　those little, all-important things I never thought I would 　10　before: the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree, the 　11　of sunlight on running water. I seem now, with some of the 　12　freshness of childhood, to hear ‎ and see. How well, 　13　, I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed. It was like 　14　one’s citizenship in a world one had nearly lost.‎ Frequently, I 　15　myself that I need make notes of this 　16　I’m living in now, because in it I’m well, 　17　, doing what I like best. It won’t always be like this, 　18　I’ll make the most of it and be grateful. I 　19　all this to that long time spent in bed. Wiser people come to this 　20　without having to acquire it the hard way. But I wasn’t wise enough. I’m wiser now, a little, and happier.‎ ‎1.A.confused B. shocked C. inspired D. annoyed ‎2.A.trial B. pressure C. sentence D. control ‎3.A.made up B. set up C. took up D. cleared up ‎4.A.recalled B. began C. avoided D. accepted ‎5.A.when B. after C. since D. before ‎6.A.assigned B. taught C. treated D. assured ‎7.A.admit B. demand C. expect D. realize ‎8.A.knowledge B. opportunity C. attention D. point ‎9.A.dismiss B. list C. define D. appreciate ‎10.A.notice B. record C. remember D. track ‎11.A.shadow B. shake C. play D. feeling ‎12.A.damaged B. recovered C. faded D. changed ‎13.A.in contrast B.in return C. for instance D.by chance ‎14.A.maintaining B. regaining C. discovering D. forgetting ‎15.A.remind B. promise C. advise D. convince ‎16.A.country B. moment C. memory D. inspiration ‎17.A.pleased B. courageous C. confident D. strong ‎18.A.meanwhile B. otherwise C. however D. therefore ‎19.A.apply B. owe C. contribute D. adapt ‎20.A.awareness B. agreement C. comment D. compromise ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。‎ ‎2.C 作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的"with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)"可知，此处应选sentence"宣判，判刑"。under sentence of death"被判处死刑"。‎ ‎3.D 仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的"I had to give up work at once and went to bed"可知，clear up"解决，清理"符合语境。make up"组成，编造"；set up"设立"；take up"开始从事，占据"。‎ ‎4.B 两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的"攀登"。recall"回忆起"；avoid"避免"；accept"接受"。‎ ‎5.D 过了一年，作者就做到了。It was/is+一段时间+before...是固定句型，意为"过了……才/就……"。‎ ‎6.B 作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。assign"分配，分派"；treat"招待"；assure"使确信"。‎ ‎7.D 现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会。admit"承认"；expect"期待，期望"。‎ ‎8.B 参见上题解析。grasp the opportunity"抓住机会"，是固定搭配。knowledge"知识"；attention"注意力"；point"观点"。‎ ‎12.B 作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered "重新获得的，重新找到的"，符合语境。‎ ‎13.C 比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance"比如，例如"，符合语境。in contrast"相反"；in return"作为回报"；by chance"偶然地"。‎ ‎14.B 这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain"重新得到"和下文的"lost"相对应。maintain "维持"；discover"发现"；forget"忘记"。‎ ‎15.A 作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。remind"提醒"，符合语境。promise"许诺，允诺"；convince"使相信"。‎ ‎16.B 参见上题解析。moment"时刻"；inspiration"灵感"。‎ ‎17.A pleased"快乐的，高兴的"；courageous"勇敢的"；confident"自信的"；strong"坚强的"。下文中的"I’m wiser now， a little， and happier"亦是提示。‎ ‎18.D 它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。meanwhile"与此同时"；otherwise"否则"；however"然而"。‎ ‎19.B 作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe... to..."把……归功于……"，是固定用法。‎ ‎20.A 更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness "意识，明白"符合语境。compromise"妥协"。‎ IV.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly 　1　(industry) one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and  　2　(society) changes. Naturally, these changes also 　3　 (lead) to new painting styles. Among the painters 　4　 (break )away from the traditional style of painting 　5　the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.‎ The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell 　6　  objects at different times of day. 　7　, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as 　8　(detail)as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very 　9　(anger) about it. They said that the painters were 　10　 (care) and their paintings were ridiculous.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍欧洲16世纪末期，从农业化生产转变成工业化生产，其他一些事情也发生着变化，出现了印象派绘画。‎ ‎4.who broke/breaking ‎【解析】the painters后面是定语，可以用定语从句，用who引导，谓语用一般过去时，如果用非谓语动词作定语，用现在分词，因为the painters和break away from是主动关系。故填who broke/breaking。‎ ‎5.were ‎【解析】这句话是倒装句，主语是the Impressionists，be动词用复数，而且文章使用一般过去时。故填were。‎ ‎6.on ‎【解析】词组fall on落在……上。故填on。‎ ‎7.However ‎【解析】根据下文“because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly.”（因为自然光变化太快，所以这些印象派画家不得不快速地画画），和上文是转折关系。因为横线后有逗号，所以用副词。故填However。‎ V.短文改错 (每小题1分，共10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ Once, when l was a teenager, my father and l were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family among us and the ticket counter.‎ This family made deep impression on me. There were eight children, both probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn't have a lot of money. Their clothes was not expensive, and they were clean. The children were well - behaved, all of us standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents, held hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and another performances where that they would see that night.  Everyone could sense they have never been to the circus before.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family  us and the ticket counter.‎ This family made  deep impression on me. There were eight children, probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn't have a lot of money. Their clothes  not expensive, they were clean. The children were well - behaved, all of  standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents,  hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and  performances  that they would see that night.  Everyone could sense they  never been to the circus before.‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇短文中作者主要介绍了自己在售票处见到的一家人。‎ 第四处：was改为were。前文clothes表示复数含义，故此处be动词用复数。‎ 第五处：and改为but。句意：他们的衣服不贵，但是很干净。上下文之间是转折关系，故用转折连词but。‎ 第六处：us改为them。联系前半句可知此处人称代词指的是那些孩子们。故用第三人称复数形式。此处作介词of的宾语，故用宾格形式。‎ 第七处：held改为holding。此处hold和句子主语the children为主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。‎ 第八处：another改为other。句意：他们兴奋地谈论着小丑，大象和其它的表演。another再，又，多个中的另一个；other其它的，另外的。‎ 第九处：去掉where。此处为定语从句，先行词为“the clowns, elephants and other performances”，故引导词用that。‎ 第十处：have改为had。句意：每个人都能感觉出来他们以前没有去过马戏团。当主句为一般过去时态时，宾语从句中一般也要用某种过去的时态。根据主句谓语动词“could sense”可知从句中应该用过去完成时态。‎ ‎ ‎