2020版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 A land of diversity达标巩固练（含解析）新人教版选修8

2020版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 A land of diversity达标巩固练（含解析）新人教版选修8

‎ Unit 1 A land of diversity 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解。‎ To be sure, only children experienced some things differently from those with sisters and brothers. Many feel more pressure to succeed. They also tend to look only to their parents as role models in the absence of brothers and sisters. ‎ In India, 10-year-old Saviraj Sankpal founded a support group for the tiny minority of only children. Among other things, the group does volunteer work to counter(反对) the myth that they are not responsible. “People think we’re treated too kindly and ruined, ”says Sankpal, a computer engineering student. “But I’d like to remind them how lonely it can get. ”‎ Most only children, however, say they wish for sisters or brothers only when it comes to caring for aging, unhealthy parents. Britain’s David Emerson, co-author of the book, The Only Child, says that such a person bears terrible burden in having to make all the decisions alone. Emerson knows from experience: After his father died, he chose to move his elderly mother from their family home, where she was vulnerable(易受攻击的) to house breakers, to a new one with more security. “The move was quite hard on her, and she might feel that I pushed her into it, ” he says. “After all, I am left with that responsibility. ”‎ In the future, more and more only children will likely face similar choices. With working mothers increasing, many families are finding they simply don’t have the time, money or energy to have more than one child. As only children become common, perhaps the world will realize that the charge made against them is unjust. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要讲述了独生子女在社会生活中所遇到的种种困难和各种挑战, 他们要面对社会对独生子女的诸多偏见。‎ ‎1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude towards only children is ________. ‎ A. ironic　　　　　　　 B. objective C. unfriendly　　 D. unjust 8‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。纵观全文可以看出, 作者提到了人们对独生子女的偏见, 以及他们面临的诸多问题, 最后, 作者认为, 随着独生子女的增多, 人们会对独生子女有一个公正的看法。由此可见, 作者的态度是客观的、公正的。‎ ‎2. It can be inferred from the passage that only children’s parents should ________. ‎ A. found a support group for their only children B. do volunteer work to help their only children C. let their only children make all the decisions alone D. set good examples for their only children ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“They also tend to look only to their parents as role models in the absence of brothers and sisters. ”可知, 在没有兄弟姐妹的独生子女家庭里, 父母是他们的榜样。‎ ‎3. Emerson decided to move his elderly mother to a new house because he ________. ‎ A. is the only one who cares about her B. doesn’t want to leave her alone C. wants to share the responsibility with her D. is worried about her safety ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段中的“where she was vulnerable to house breakers, to a new one with more security”可知。‎ ‎4. The main idea of the passage is that ________. ‎ A. only children are ruined and irresponsible B. only children have to face many challenges C. most only children want to have brothers and sisters D. most only children share their responsibility with their parents ‎【解析】选B。主旨大意题。全篇讲述了独生子女面临的种种挑战: 成功的压力大、面对社会诸多偏见、赡养老人压力大等。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ Creativity is a mysterious idea. We seem __1__ (feel) that some people are naturally creative, but we don't know how they got that way. Is creativity a natural gift, or is __2__ something that can __3__ (acquire)? Perhaps if we analyze the 8‎ ‎ creative process __4__ (careful), we might get some insight (洞察力) into what it is and __5__ it might work in our lives. The creative process has always been accepted as the source of all important work in the arts, but we should not think the creativity plays a part only in the arts. Every major scientific discovery began with someone __6__ (imagine) the world differently from the way others saw it. And this is __7__ creativity is all about. And despite what you may believe about the limits of your own creative imagination, we all have the potential to imagine the world in __8__ absolutely new way. In fact, you are born __9__ it. And what's more, you use it every day. It's your creative mind __10__ gets meaning from chaos of experiences and brings order to your world.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　‎ ‎5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　‎ ‎9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。创造力是天生的才华，还是后天也可以获得？本文就这一话题展开了讨论。‎ ‎1．to feel 考查非谓语动词。我们感觉似乎某些人天生具有创造力。seem to do sth.“似乎要做某事”。‎ ‎2．it 考查代词。创造力是天生的才华，还是后天也可以习得的？这里用it指代creativity。‎ ‎3．be acquired 考查被动语态。先行词something和acquire之间是被动关系，又因为情态动词can后要用动词原形，故此空填be acquired。‎ ‎4．carefully 考查词性转换。也许如果我们仔细分析创造的过程，我们就会洞察到什么是创造力，它是如何在我们的生活中起作用的。这里用副词修饰动词analyze。‎ ‎5．how 考查特殊疑问词。此处表述创造力是如何在我们生活中起作用的。由语义可知填how。‎ ‎6．imagining 考查with的复合结构。每次重大的科学发现都以某个人以不同于其他人的方式看待这个世界开始。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语和宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此空填imagining。‎ ‎7．what 考查名词性从句的连接词。创造力就是用一种新的方式想象世界。空格处引导表语从句并在从句中作介词about的宾语，故填连接代词what。‎ ‎8．an 考查冠词。我们都有这种潜能，用一种全新的方式想象这个世界。absolutely的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an，表泛指。‎ ‎9．with 考查介词。事实上，你天生具有创造力。be born with “生而具有”。‎ ‎10．that 8‎ ‎ 考查强调句。正是创造性思维使得你从混乱的经历中找到意义，给你的世界带来秩序。由强调句基本结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)＋其他部分”可确定答案。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.Inspiring speakers __1__ thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12 __2__ ride.‎ I had __3__ into Dallas just for the purpose of calling on a client.Time was precious and my __4__ included a quick roundtrip from and back to the airport.A __5__ taxi pulled up.The driver rushed to __6__ the passenger door for me and made sure I was __7__ seated before he closed the door.As he got in the driver's seat，he __8__ that the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use.He then showed me several __9__ and asked me what type of music I would enjoy.‎ I could not believe the __10__ I was receiving！I took the opportunity to say，“__11__ you take great pride in your work.You must have a __12__ to share.”‎ ‎“You bet，” he __13__，“I used to be in Corporate America.But I was tired of thinking my best would never be good enough.I __14__ to find my right position in life，where I could feel __15__ of being the best.I love driving cars，and feeling like I have done a full day's work and done it __16__.So I chose to become a __17__.One thing I know for sure，to be good in my business I just have to meet the expectations of my passengers.__18__，to be great in my business，I have to go __19__ the customer's expectations！”‎ The taxi driver taught me a great life __20__：Go an extra mile when providing any service to others.‎ ‎1．A.offer　　　　 B．charge C．pay D．afford ‎2．A.taxi B．bus C．car D．train ‎3．A.driven B．flown C．ran D．cycled ‎4．A.hope B．purpose C．plan D．choice ‎5．A.private B．rough C．slow D．clean 8‎ ‎6．A.open B．lock C．push D．shut ‎7．A.silently B．comfortably C．tightly D．casually ‎8．A.declared B．concluded C．found D．mentioned ‎9．A.pictures B．maps C．tapes D．books ‎10．A.service B．gift C．invitation D．advice ‎11．A.Actually B．Obviously C．Gradually D．Suddenly ‎12．A.chance B．secret C．story D．ride ‎13．A.whispered B．argued C．sighed D．replied ‎14．A.decided B．promised C．happened D．hesitated ‎15．A.careful B．proud C．afraid D．curious ‎16．A.early B．rapidly C．cautiously D．well ‎17．A.driver B．director C．client D．speaker ‎18．A.Besides B．Therefore C．However D．Perhaps ‎19．A.against B．within C．over D．beyond ‎20．A.method B．experience C．lesson D．standard ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。‎ ‎【难句分析】One thing I know for sure，to be good in my business I just have to meet the expectations of my passengers.‎ 8‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。I know for sure是定语从句。‎ 译文：有一件事我可以肯定，那就是想要做好生意，我就必须要满足我的乘客的期望。‎ ‎ 　　【核心词汇】corporate adj.公司的　client n．客户 precious adj.珍贵的　extra adj.额外的 ‎1．B　根据空后的“thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $‎12”‎可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge表示“收费”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．A　根据文章第一句“A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations”可知，出租车司机收作者12美元。‎ ‎3．B　根据第二段第二句的“Time was precious and my __4__ included a quick aroundtrip from and back to the airport”可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。‎ ‎4．C　根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。‎ ‎5．D　根据下文的“the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use”可推知，出租车很干净。‎ ‎6．A　结合“the passenger door for me”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。‎ ‎7．B　根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。‎ ‎8．D　根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention“提到”。‎ ‎9．C　根据空后的“asked me what type of music I would enjoy”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。‎ ‎10．A　根据空后的“I was receiving”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊，不敢相信。receive the service“接受服务”。‎ ‎11．B　由空后的“You must have a __12__ to share”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。‎ ‎12．C　根据空后的“to share”以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。‎ ‎13．D　根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。‎ ‎14．A　根据空前的“I was tired of thinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活中合适的位置而不是一味地想想。‎ ‎15．B　根据第三段第二句的“you take great pride in your work”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。‎ ‎16．D　根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。‎ ‎17．A　根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。‎ ‎18．C　根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However“然而”。‎ ‎19．D　根据文章最后一句“Go an extra mile when providing any service to others”可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond“超出”。‎ 8‎ ‎20．C　根据文章开头“A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations”可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ Dear Jack，‎ I'm sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but which worries me most is that you are in low spirit when facing failure.‎ As senior three students, we all had taken examinations of different types and experienced failure as well as success. It is no doubt that we should take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to analyzing the cause of failure, which can help us escape repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make a progress in our study. As for your anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good for you. It can give you some time to be refreshing in not only the body but also the mind so that we can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently.‎ I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Let's work hardly together and turn our dream into reality.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ Dear Jack，‎ I'm sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but worries me most is that you are in low when facing failure.‎ As senior three students, we all taken examinations of different types and experienced failure as well as success. is no doubt that we should take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to the cause of failure, which can help us escape repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make progress in our study. As for your anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good you. It can give you some time to be 8‎ ‎ in not only the body but also the mind so that can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently.‎ I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Let's work together and turn our dream into reality.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 难项分析：‎ 第一处：which→what　考查主语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列句，其后不是定语从句，故不能用which引导；连接词引导主语从句，表示“所……的事”，故用what。‎ 第二处：spirit→spirits　考查名词的数。in low spirits为固定词组，意为“情绪低落”。‎ 第四处：It→There　考查固定句式。There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问，……”，是固定句型。‎ ‎***‎ ‎ ‎ 8‎