【英语】湖南省浏阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

【英语】湖南省浏阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

湖南省浏阳市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A My People, My Country, an epic seven-part anthology(选集) to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, records the nation's greatest technological and cultural achievements.‎ Each part focuses not on the heroes of the hour, but on everyday people and how their lives connect personally with China's advancement.‎ The opening part by Guan Hu, The Eve, sees an engineer, played by Huang Bo, race against time to perfect an automatic flag-raising mechanism before the ceremony in 1949 to mark the founding of the People's Republic of China.‎ The second story, directed by Zhang Yibai, is about a scientist working on China's first atomic bomb who had to bid farewell forever to his lover in the 1960s.‎ In Xu Zheng's lighthearted offering, The Champion, a young boy must secure a TV aerial(天线) to the roof of his home so his neighbours can watch the Chinese women's volleyball team play in the 1984 Olympic final.‎ Going Home is about Hong Kong's return to China in 1997. It focuses on a Chinese soldier tasked with hoisting the national flag on the stroke of midnight.‎ Hello, Beijing, is about a taxi driver who gets a ticket of the opening ceremony of 2008 Beijing Olympics. Though he planned to give it as a birthday gift to his son, who had been away from him for a long time, the good-hearted man gives the ticket to another child suffering from Wenchuan Earthquake.‎ One for All, directed by Wen Muye, focuses on a top female fighter jet pilot who helps her fellow pilots complete a smooth aerial performance, part of the military parade to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in 2015.‎ ‎1. What does the underlined word “hoisting” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?‎ A. mending B. buying C. raising D. making ‎2. What do we know according to the passage?‎ A. The engineer finally got the mechanism working successfully.‎ B. The young boy watched the national volleyball team play.‎ C. The taxi driver didn’t give the ticket to his son because of lack of love.‎ D. The male fighter jet pilot finished the performance with team members.‎ ‎3. Where does the passage probably come from?‎ A. a book review B. a film review C. an ad D. a magazine ‎【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了《我和我的祖国》是一部纪念中华人民共和国成立70年周年的电影，电影中的故事选自七个见证中华人民共和国成长的最令人难忘的瞬间，并简述了这七个故事的内容梗概。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第六段的内容（《回家》讲述的是1997年香港回归祖国的故事。影片讲述的是一名中国士兵在午夜钟声敲响的时候升国旗的故事。）和常识可知，在1997年7月1日零点，中华人民共和国国旗和香港特别行政区区旗在香港升起，中国政府开始对香港恢复行使主权，由此可知hoist在此处意为“升起”，与raise同义，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的an engineer, played by Huang Bo, race against time to perfect an automatic flag-raising mechanism before the ceremony in 1949 to mark the founding of the People's Republic of China.（由黄渤饰演的一名工程师在1949年中华人民共和国成立庆典开始前，与时间赛跑，完善自动升旗装置。）可知，工程师终于使机器成功地工作了。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，《我和我的祖国》是一部纪念中华人民共和国成立70年周年的电影，电影中的故事选自七个见证中华人民共和国成长的最令人难忘的瞬间，并简述了这七个故事的内容梗概。由此可知，本文可能来自于一个电影影评，故选B。‎ B Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime if the smoke is considered harmful to other people in the house.‎ The new law, Family Protection and Development Promotion Act, aiming at controlling smoking at home which might be hazardous for others' health living under the same roof，was initiated by the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and was announced in the Royal Gazette on May 22, 2019. It came into force on August 20.‎ According to the center for research and knowledge management for tobacco control, at the Faculty of Medical Science of Mahidol University, there are about 4.9 million households where one or more family members smoke. An average of 10.3 million people have unwittingly（不知不觉地） become passive smokers because they’ve been breathing smoke at home. Scientific studies show that passive smokers are at greater risk of being affected by cancer. Of 75 child patients from houses where smoking is practiced, 76% of them were found to have nicotine traces in their urine（尿液）, with 43% of them having nicotine content exceeding（超过） permissible levels.‎ Smoking at home also “may lead to physical or emotional violence” because of aggressiveness when there is a lack of smoking, and might as well ruin relationships between smokers and non-smoker family members.‎ According to the new law, anyone who thinks they are affected by domestic smoking can report to government departments concerned so that officials will be sent to investigate and take legal action against the smokers. Once convicted(证明有罪的), the court may order a person to receive treatment to quit smoking in an attempt to protect the person's family.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined word “hazardous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. risky B. beneficial C. influential D. dangerous ‎5. How does the author organize Paragraph 3 ?‎ A. by listing figures B. by giving examples C. by comparing the differences D. by explaining the reasons ‎6. We can learn from the passage that__________‎ A. smoking anywhere in Thailand is considered a crime.‎ B. passive smokers are more likely to have lung cancer .‎ C. 76% of the children in Thailand have nicotine traces in their urine.‎ D. smoking at home may hurt other family members both physically and emotionally.‎ ‎7. According to the new law, ___________‎ A. anybody must report to the officials once they are affected.‎ B. officials will take legal action against all the people concerned .‎ C. smoking in one’s own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime.‎ D. the court may order a smoker to stop smoking to protect all nonsmokers .‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是作者通过相关研究数据表明，在家中吸烟会危及家人的身体健康，甚至还可能破坏吸烟者和不吸烟者家庭成员之间的关系。根据新的法律，在泰国，在自己家里吸烟现在可能被视为犯罪。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段的The new law,…aiming at controlling smoking at home which might be hazardous for others' health living under the same roof，was initiated by the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security..（这项新法律是由社会发展和人类安全部发起的，旨在控制在家中吸烟，因为在同一屋檐下生活可能会危害他人的健康）和常识可知，吸烟有害人体身体健康，hazardous意为“危险的”，相当于dangerous，故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作何列出了Mahidol大学医学院的烟草控制研究和知识管理中心的相关数据，说明了490万家庭中有一个或多个家庭成员吸烟，平均有1030万人因为在家里吸烟而不知不觉地成为被动吸烟者。并通过数据说明被动吸烟者患癌症的风险更大，由此可推知，作者通过列举数字的方法组织第3段内容。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从倒数第二段的Smoking at home also “may lead to physical or emotional violence” …might as well ruin relationships between smokers and non-smoker family members.‎ ‎（在家吸烟也“可能导致身体或情绪暴力”……而且还可能破坏吸烟者和不吸烟者家庭成员之间的关系。）可知，在家里吸烟可能会伤害到其他家庭成员的身体和情感。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容（在泰国，如果你在自己家里吸烟被认为对家里其他人有害，那么在家里吸烟就可能被视为犯罪。）可知，根据新的法律，在泰国自己家里吸烟现在可能被视为犯罪。故选C。‎ C Born in Chengdu, Southwest China's Sichuan Province, to a Canadian missionary family in 1915, Crook came into the world. While Isabel Crook's parents were engaged in setting up schools and education institutions in Southwest China, Crook herself was more interested in anthropology(人类学) and the many ethnic minority peoples in China. She was very curious about what was going on around her.‎ At the age of 23,Crook graduated from a Canadian college with a master's degree and began carrying out field research in Li County of Sichuan Province. In 1947,Crook and her journalist husband were warmly welcomed by the Communist Party of China (CPC) to observe and study the revolutionary land reform taking place in China. In 1948 the couple accepted an invitation from CPC leaders to teach at a newly-built foreign affairs school. The school was the forerunner of today's Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU), which has seen over 400 ambassadors(大使) and 1,000 counsellors（参赞） walk through its doors. As a teacher at BFSU she laid the foundations for foreign language education in China.‎ As two of the first three foreign teachers at the school, Isabel and David Crook brought new Western teaching methodologies to the classroom. Michael Crook noted that since some students were extremely poor during the 1950s and 1960s, his parents were especially sensitive to their situation and did what they could to help them while protecting their self-esteem. For example, they would bring food such as eggs and bread for picnics and share them with students who brought steamed corn bread.‎ According to the younger Crook, because of his parents' belief in communism, they chose to use political texts as their teaching materials, such as works once admired by Karl Marx. Understanding that the students would become diplomats representing the People's Republic of China, his parents tried to help students gain knowledge in different fields to better prepare them for communicating with foreigners in English.‎ On December 15th 2018, Isabel got the award of ‘The Most Influential Foreigner throughout 40 Years of China’s Development’ from the Chinese government. On September 17, 2019, Isabel ‎ was awarded “the Friendship Medals” by the Chinese government for her lifetime of devotion to China.‎ ‎8. What did Isabel Crook independently do?‎ A. Teaching English B. Performing field research C. Helping the poor students D. Introducing new Western teaching ways to China ‎9. Why did his parents use political texts as teaching materials according to the younger Crook?‎ A. They themselves were crazy about Chinese politics.‎ B. They wanted to spread the spirits of Karl Marx C. They had to teach many objects including politics.‎ D. They believed in communism and wanted to prepare students for overall development.‎ ‎10. What can we infer from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?‎ A. In the 1950s, Crook’s husband worked as a reporter in China.‎ B Isabel and her husband taught students only in Western teaching methods.‎ C. Isabel Crook made great contributions to China’s foreign language education.‎ D. Isabel Crook and her husband were very rich at that time.‎ ‎11. Which of the following can best describe Isabel Crook?‎ A. caring B. patient C. strict D. romantic ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Isabel Crook为中国的外语教育做出了卓越贡献并且被中国政府授予“中国发展40年来最具影响力外国人”的称号以及“友谊勋章”以表彰她对中国的贡献。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的At the age of 23,Crook graduated from a Canadian college with a master's degree and began carrying out field research in Li County of Sichuan Province.（23‎ 岁时，Crook从加拿大一所大学毕业，获得硕士学位，开始在四川省黎县进行实地研究。）可知，Isabel Crook个人进行了实地研究。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的According to the younger Crook, because of his parents' belief in communism, they chose to use political texts as their teaching materials,…his parents tried to help students gain knowledge in different fields to better prepare them…（由于他父母对共产主义的信仰，他们选择用政治文本作为教材，……于是努力帮助学生们获得不同领域的知识，……）可知，他的父母用政治课本作为教材的原因是他们信仰共产主义，希望为学生的全面发展做准备。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的As a teacher at BFSU she laid the foundations for foreign language education in China.（作为北京外国语大学的一名教师，她为中国的外语教育奠定了基础。）和第三段的Isabel and David Crook brought new Western teaching methodologies to the classroom….（Isabel和David Crook将新的西方教学方法带进了课堂。……）可知，我们能从第二段和第三段推断出Isabel Crook为中国的外语教育做出了巨大贡献。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文以及文章最后一段可知，Isabel Crook为中国的外语教育做出了巨大贡献并且被中国政府授予“中国发展40年来最具影响力外国人”的称号以及“友谊勋章”以表彰她对中国的贡献，可知，选项中的词caring（意为“感到关怀或关心的”）最能描述Isabel Crook，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题的做题方法是，通过题干中的关键词（实词）进行定位，按照名词（人名地名）—动词—形容词的定位顺序来进行定位，关键词所在的句子绝大部分都是正确答案，选项中有可能出现和文章题干相同或者同根词。如第1题，用人名Crook和平行原则在文章中进行定位，可以锁定答案的位置，选项中的field research和定位的答案句内容吻合。‎ D Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities as electronic music publishing. By delivering text directly to the reader's computer screen, the e-book could cut down costs, and allow creators to deal directly with their audience, bypassing traditional publishers and traders. But it also raises the possibility of mass piracy(盗版). Phil Rance, founder and managing director of Online Originals, a London-based e-book publisher, sums it up，“No one wants Napster ‎ to happen to books.”‎ Indeed, the most popular MP3 may have put the frighteners on an industry that generally operates some way behind the “bleeding edge”. The Meta Group, a leading US-based market researcher, says publishers are far too concerned about protecting their rights,“ We believe all the recent legal control over Napster is like putting a finger in a river that is already overflowing. Publishers need to deal with reality and come up with new ways to develop wide electronic distribution, asking the question, ‘How can we change the certainty of wide distribution to our advantage?’ ”‎ At the moment, most publishers would like to limit the use of e-books to the person who bought them, or to the computer used to download them. If that can be done, e-books become just an extra income stream in a publishing industry that would continue to operate the way it does today, according to Terry Robinson, business manager for the digital rights aspect, “you've cracked the market,” he says.‎ Robert Nichols, Books Director at BOL agrees, “Rights management is absolutely important. Publishers just say that, ‘until copyright is secure, we're not going to talk’．”‎ ‎12. According to the text, what is the similarity of e-books to electronic music？‎ A. They both result in piracy.‎ B. They both lead to price reduction.‎ C. They both bring in much money to creators.‎ D. They both avoid industry management.‎ ‎13. From the text, we can infer that_____.‎ A. wide use of e-books may increase the income.‎ B. the publishing markets should be brought back to normal.‎ C. publishers haven’t agreed on rights management up to now.‎ D. most publishers prefer e-books for the extra income.‎ ‎14. What are most publishers concerned about according to the text?‎ A. copyrights management B. price control C. market share D. original works ‎15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. A Magic Book B. The Fight Against Mass Piracy C. Risks and Challenges Go Hand in Hand D. The E-book----a New and Big Challenge ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了电子书面临的风险和机遇，就电子书可能面临出现盗版的风险和出版商应卸下“保护自己利益”的包袱面对机遇开拓新渠道来进行创收等两个方面进行了讨论。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities as electronic music publishing. By delivering text directly to the reader's computer screen, the e-book could cut down costs,…（电子图书出版与电子音乐出版有着许多相同的风险和机遇。通过将文本直接传送到读者的电脑屏幕上，电子书可以降低成本，……）可知，电子书和电子音乐的相似之处是它们都会导致价格下降。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的…Rights management is absolutely important. Publishers just say that, ‘until copyright is secure, we're not going to talk’（版权管理绝对重要。出版商只是说，在版权得到保护之前，我们不会讨论这个问题）可推知，出版商到目前为止还没有就版权管理达成一致。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的…publishers are far too concerned about protecting their rights,…（出版商太关心保护他们的版权）以及最后一段的最后一段的…Rights management is absolutely important.（版权管理绝对重要。）可知，多数出版商关心版权管理，故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章第一段的Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities（电子图书出版和……有着许多相同的风险和机遇。）可知，本文主要讨论了电子书面临的风险和机遇，下文就电子书可能面临出现盗版的风险和出版商应卸下“保护自己利益”的包袱面对机遇开拓新渠道来进行创收等两个方面进行了讨论，故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Chopsticks Taboos: Unholy Ways to Pick Up Your Food The use of chopsticks to pick food up from the plate will earn you several complements from Chinese people. But over time, once in a while your close friends might remind you about some basic chopsticks etiquette(礼节) such as never insert chopsticks vertically(垂直地) into a bowl of rice. ___16___, here are several rules to keep in mind.‎ Do not use chopsticks of different lengths. This will remind people of a Chinese idiom “three long and two short”, ___17___, because a coffin without a lid is composed of five boards, three long, and two short.‎ Don’t use chopsticks to poke at each dish without knowing what you want or only one chopstick to fetch the food in the plate.‎ ‎ ___18___. Chinese people believe that their ancestors are resting underneath the earth, and dropping chopsticks would disturb them.‎ Don’t make noise with chopsticks by hitting the side of your bowl, ___19___ .‎ While passing someone a bowl of rice or noodles, never insert the chopsticks vertically in the middle of the food for convenience. ___20___.‎ A. Do not drop your chopstick on the floor.‎ B. because only beggars do that to get attention.‎ C. In Chinese culture, the sign of crossing is negative.‎ D. which is used as another name for coffin,‎ E. If you want to master the art of using this old tool F. Do not drop food and liquid from your chopsticks to the table.‎ G. The action would remind people of burning certain sticks in the pot in memory of the dead.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. G ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了想要了解筷子这个古老用具的艺术，就要了解使用它的一些禁忌问题。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据前文内容once in a while your close friends might remind you about some basic ‎ chopsticks etiquette(礼节) such as never insert chopsticks vertically(垂直地) into a bowl of rice.（你的亲密朋友可能会不时提醒你一些基本的筷子礼仪，如永远不要把筷子垂直插入一碗米饭。）可知，E选项中的this old tool指的是前文的chopsticks，再根据下文可知，下文主要介绍使用筷子的一些禁忌，故E项（如果你想掌握使用这个古老用具的艺术）承接下文，故选E。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据空后的because a coffin without a lid is composed of five boards, three long, and two short.（因为没有盖子的棺材是由五块板组成的）可知，D选项中的coffin和下文相呼应，故选D。‎ ‎18题详解】‎ 根据下文的Chinese people believe that their ancestors are resting underneath the earth, and dropping chopsticks would disturb them.（中国人相信他们的祖先在地下休息，掉筷子会打扰他们。）可知 ，A选项（不要把筷子掉在地板上。）能作为主旨句来概括本段内容，故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空前的Don’t make noise with chopsticks by hitting the side of your bowl,（不要用筷子敲击碗的侧面发出声音）可知，该句是主句部分，B选项是从句部分，另外B选项（因为只有乞丐这样做是为了引起他人注意）是用来解释其原因的，故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前文的While passing someone a bowl of rice or noodles, never insert the chopsticks vertically in the middle of the food for convenience.（当递给别人一碗米饭或面条时，不要为了方便而把筷子垂直插在食物中间。）可知，G选项中的the action指“把筷子垂直插在食物中间”这个动作，且语义（这个动作会让人们想起为死者上香来以表纪念）能承接上文，故选G。‎ ‎【点睛】单词复现法是七选五常用的大题技巧之一，即选项和原文中的某些词相同或互为词根词缀的形式相呼应。比如第1题，D选项中的coffin和下文because a coffin without a lid is composed of five boards, three long, and two short.（因为没有盖子的棺材是由五块板组成的）中的coffin相呼应。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ On a hot summer day in America a little boy decided to swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. He ___21___ into the cool water, not realizing that as he swam towards the middle of the lake, a ___22___ was swimming towards him.‎ His ___23___ in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer. In great ___24___, she ran out, shouting to her son as ___25___ as possible. Hearing her voice, the little boy became ___26___ and made a U-turn to swim to his mother. It was too ___27___. Just as he reached her, the crocodile reached him. From the shore, the mother ___28___ her little boy by the arms as the crocodile snatched his legs. That began a(an) ___29___ tug-of-war ( 拔河比赛) between the two. The crocodile was much ___30___ than the mother, but the mother was too committed to ___31___. A farmer happened to drive by, heard the screams, raced from his truck, took ___32___ and shot the crocodile.‎ ‎___33___, after weeks in the hospital, the little boy ___34___. His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal. And, on his ___35___ were deep scratches where his mother’s fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to ___36___the son she loved.‎ The newspaper reporter, who interviewed the boy, asked if he would show his ___37___. The boy ___38___his legs. And then, with obvious ___39___, he said to the reporter, “ But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my Mum wouldn’t let go.”‎ Never ___40___ another person’s scars, because you don’t know how they were made.‎ ‎21. A. dived B. walked C. dropped D. dashed ‎22. A. snake B. crocodile C. fish D. whale ‎23. A. friend B. father C. mother D. coach ‎24. A. surprise B. shock C. anger D. terror ‎25. A. quickly B. confidently C. anxiously D. loudly ‎26. A. guilty B. eager C. alarmed D. awkward ‎27. A. early B. late C. fast D. dangerous ‎28. A. pulled B. inserted C. transformed D. tied ‎29. A. hopeless B. unbelievable C. final D. absurd ‎30. A. hungrier B. bigger C. stronger D. crueler ‎31. A. let go B. let alone C. let off D. let out ‎32. A. arrow B. bow C. claw D. aim ‎33. A. Originally B. Exactly C. Remarkably D. Cautiously ‎34. A. survived B. awoke C. yelled D. expanded ‎35. A. legs B. arms C. head D. feet ‎36. A. make room for B. have power over C. get hold of D. hang on to ‎37. A. scars B. marks C. symbols D. signs ‎38. A. confirmed B. operated C. lifted D. measured ‎39. A. appreciation B. apology C. mercy D. pride ‎40. A. pretend B. judge C. blame D. forgive ‎【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了一个男孩在游泳时遭遇了鳄鱼的袭击，幸得母亲不放弃把他救了下来，但男孩在腿上和手臂上留下了伤疤，手臂上的伤疤是母亲为救他而留下的，是爱的伤疤，男孩儿因此感到非常自豪。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一头潜进冰冷的水里，没有意识到当他游到湖中央时，一条鳄鱼正向他游来。A. dived潜水；B. walked走；C. dropped掉落；D. dashed猛冲。根据空前的a little boy decided to swim in the old swimming hole可知，小男孩要在老旧的泳池里游泳，一头潜进（dive）了水里，其他选项与题意不符，故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一头扎进冰冷的水里，没有意识到当他游到湖中央时，一条鳄鱼正向他游来。A. snake蛇；B. crocodile鳄鱼；C. fish鱼；D. whale鲸鱼。根据第二段的the crocodile reached him.可知，此处是一条鳄鱼（crocodile）正向他游过来，故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：房子里的母亲从窗户往外看，看到男孩和鳄鱼越来越近。A. friend朋友；B. father父亲；C. mother母亲；D. coach教练。根据下文的to swim to his mother可知，此时小男孩的母亲从窗户往外看，故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她惊恐万分，跑了出去，尽可能大声地对儿子喊叫。A. surprise惊讶；B. shock震惊；C. anger生气；D. terror恐怖。根据空前内容His ______ in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer. 可知，母亲看到男孩和鳄鱼越来越近，惊恐（terror）万分，故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她惊恐万分，跑了出去，尽可能大声地对儿子喊叫。A. quickly快地；B. confidently自信地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. loudly大声地。根据空处所在的句子可知，母亲惊恐万分，尽可能大声地（loudly）对儿子喊叫，故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到她的声音，小男孩吓了一跳，掉头向妈妈游去。A. guilty有罪的；B. eager渴望的；C. alarmed受惊的；D. awkward可怕的。根据空处所在句子可知，小男孩听到了母亲的声音，受到了惊吓（alarmed），掉头向妈妈游去。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：一切都太迟了。男孩刚够到母亲，鳄鱼就来了。A. early早地；B. late迟；C. fast快地；D. dangerous危险的。根据空后内容Just as he reached her, the crocodile reached him.可知，男孩刚够到母亲，鳄鱼就来了，母亲还是晚了（late）一步，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当鳄鱼咬住小男孩的腿时，母亲从岸边拉住了男孩的腿。A. pulled拉；B. inserted插入；C. transformed转移；D. tied系。根据空所在的句子可知，当鳄鱼咬住小男孩的腿时，母亲把男孩从岸边拉了（pull）上来，故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这引发了一场难以置信的拉锯战。A. hopeless无望的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. final最后的；D. absurd荒谬的。根据上文内容可知，当鳄鱼咬住小男孩的腿时，母亲从岸边拉住了男孩的腿，这样母亲和鳄鱼的一场难以置信的（unbelievable）拔河比赛就开始了，故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鳄鱼比母亲强壮得多，但母亲却不肯放手。A. hungrier饥饿的；B. bigger大的；C. stronger强壮的；D. crueler残忍的。根据空所在 的句子和常识可知，鳄鱼比母亲强壮得多，故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查词组辨析。句意：鳄鱼比母亲强壮得多，但母亲却不肯放手。A. let go放开；B. let alone不打扰；C. let off放出；D. let out放出。根据倒数第二段的But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my Mum wouldn’t let go.”可知，是母亲死死抓住了男孩儿，不肯放手（let go），故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个农民碰巧开车经过，听到了尖叫声，从卡车上跑了下来，瞄准鳄鱼开了枪。A. arrow箭；B. bow弓；C. claw爪；D. aim目标。根据空所在的句子可知，take aim意为“瞄准”，与题意相符，故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是，在医院住了几周后，小男孩活了下来。A. Originally最初地；B. Exactly准确地；C. Remarkably显著地；D. Cautiously慎重地。根据下文的His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal.（他的腿被野兽的攻击弄得伤痕累累。）可知，虽然男孩儿受了很重的伤，值得注意的是（remarkably），在医院住了几周后，小男孩活了下来，故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是，在医院住了几周后，小男孩活了下来。A. survived幸存；B. awoke唤醒；C. yelled叫喊；D. expanded扩张。根据下文内容可知，小男孩儿虽然受了很重的伤，在医院住了几周后，小男孩活了下来（survive），故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的手臂上有深深的抓痕，那是他母亲为了留住她深爱的儿子而用指甲抠进他的肉里的痕迹。A. legs腿；B. arms手臂；C. head头；D. feet脚。根据前文的the mother ______ her little boy by the arms可知，母亲抓住了男孩的手臂（arms），再手臂上留下了深深的抓痕，故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查词组辨析。句意：他的手臂上有深深的抓痕，那是他母亲为了留住她深爱的儿子而用指甲抠进他的肉里的痕迹。A. make room for给……腾出空位；B. have power over控制、支配；C. get hold of把握；D. hang on to紧紧抓住。根据前文的the mother ______ her little boy by the arms以及but the mother was too committed to ______.‎ 可知，母亲紧紧抓住了男孩的手臂绝不让松手，故此处说母亲紧紧抓住了（hang on to）男孩儿的手臂，故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：采访男孩的报社记者问他是否愿意展示他的伤疤。A. scars伤疤；B. marks标志；C. symbols象征；D. signs标志。根据前文的His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal.可知，男孩的腿受了伤留下了疤痕，记者问他是否愿意展示他的伤疤（scars），故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩抬起腿。A. confirmed确认；B. operated运作；C. lifted举起；D. measured测量。根据下文内容可知，男孩抬起（lift）腿向记者展示了自己的伤疤，故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，带着明显的自豪，他对记者说:“但是看看我的胳膊。我的胳膊上也有很大的伤疤。我有它们是因为我妈妈不肯放手。”A. appreciation欣赏；B. apology道歉；C. mercy仁慈；D. pride骄傲。根据下文的I have them because my Mum wouldn’t let go.可知，男孩又给记者展示了手臂上的伤疤，说这是母亲不肯放手而留下的伤疤，让男孩倍感自豪（pride），故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要评判别人的伤疤，因为你不知道它们是怎么形成的。A. pretend假装；B. judge判断；C. blame责备；D. forgive原谅。根据下文的because you don’t know how they were made.可知，无法知道别人的伤疤是怎么形成的，就不要去评判（judge）别人的伤疤，故选B。‎ 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants（后代）of some of the early miners and railroad workers. From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods. Later those came to ___41___（know）as “Chinatowns”. In each of them the residents organized ___42___ unofficial government to make rules for the community and to settle disagreements. Chinese Americans keep many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations. For example, their family ties continue to be ___43___ (considerable) strong. Members of the family lend each other moral support and also ‎ ‎___44___(practice) help when necessary. From a very young age, the old values and attitudes, ___45___(include) respect for their elders and a feeling of ___46___(responsible) to the family, are passed from the older generation to the young. Saving money and passing down their fortune to their young is always the custom. The high regard for education, ___47___is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other important characteristics of ___48___(they).‎ Chinese Americans make ___49___only a tiny part of American population; there are fewer than a million, living chiefly in California, New York, and Hawaii. As American attitudes toward minorities and ethnic differences ___50___(change)in recent years, the Chinese Americans have gained wide acceptance.‎ ‎【答案】41. be known 42. an 43. considerably 44. practical 45. including 46. responsibility 47. which 48. theirs 49. up 50. have changed ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了今天大多数美籍华人是一些早年旷工和铁路工人的后裔。美籍华裔在当地的生活保留了很多中国人传统的文化和观念。现在美籍华人得到了广泛的关注。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查不定式的被动语态。句意：后来这些地方被称为“唐人街”。根据句意可知，be known as是固定搭配，意为“被称为；以……著称”，再根据空前的came to可知，空处填动词原形，故填be known。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：每个社区的居民都组织了一个非官方的政府，为社区制定规则，解决分歧。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，此处的unofficial government表示泛指，且unofficial是元音发音开头，故填an。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：例如，他们的家庭关系仍然相当牢固。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词修饰空后的strong，considerably是considerable的副词形式，意为“相当地；非常地”，与题意相符，故填considerably。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：家庭成员互相提供精神上的支持，必要时也提供实际的帮助。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，practical是practice的形容词，意为“实际的”，与题意相符，‎ 故填practical。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：从很小的时候，旧的价值观和态度，包括对长辈的尊重和对家庭的责任感，就从老一代传给了年轻人。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再根据句意可知，including可用作介词，意为“包括”，其后加包含的内容，故填including。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：从很小的时候，旧的价值观和态度，包括对长辈的尊重和对家庭的责任感，就从老一代传给了年轻人。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，再根据句意可知，responsibility是responsible的名词形式，意为“责任”，故填responsibility。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。句意：深植于中国文化的高度重视教育的观念，以及愿意努力工作获得进步的品质是他们的其他重要特质。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which指代先行词The high regard for education，故填which。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：深植于中国文化的高度重视教育的观念，以及愿意努力工作获得进步的品质是他们的其他重要特质。分析句子结构可知，空处填代词，再根据句意可知，空处指Chinese American’s characteristics（美籍华人的品质），of+A’s结构是双重所有格的用法，故空处用名词性物主代词，故填theirs。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查词组。句意：美籍华人只占美国人口的一小部分;只有不到一百万，主要生活在加利福尼亚、纽约和夏威夷。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再根据句意可知，make up意为“占据”，与题意相符，故填up。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查现在完成时。句意：近年来，随着美国人对少数民族和民族差异的态度发生变化，华裔美国人得到了广泛的接受。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据空后的in recent years可知，空处用现在完成时，故填have changed。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 句子运用 ‎51. Mary always behaves well when visitors come. That’s why everyone loves her and says she has good ______________ (礼貌).‎ ‎52. She______________ (乐于分享) her sorrow and happiness with her close friends. ‎ ‎53. The police ______________ (呼吁) the audience not to panic, saying that there was no immediate danger. ‎ ‎54. 这些话不是为了伤害你，而是为了鼓励你。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ ‎55. 多吃蔬菜和水果，良好的饮食对你的健康很重要。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】51. manners /behaviours /behaviors ‎ ‎52. is willing /ready to share ‎ ‎53. appealed to ‎ ‎54. These words are not meant to hurt you but encourage/inspire you .‎ These words don’t aim at hurting you but encouraging / inspiring you. ‎ ‎55. Eat plenty of/more vegetables and fruits for /because a good diet is very important to/is of great importance to your health.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：玛丽在客人来访时总是举止得体。这就是为什么每个人都喜欢她，说她很有礼貌。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，再根据已给信息，good manners/behaviours /behaviors意为“有礼貌”，故译成manners /behaviours /behaviors。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查固定词组。句意：她将与她的亲密朋友分享她的悲伤和快乐。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据句意可知，be willing/ready to意为“乐意做某事”，再根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时，故译成is willing /ready to share。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定词组。句意：警方呼吁观众不要惊慌，说目前没有危险。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据句意可知，appeal to意为“呼吁”，在根据下文的there was no immediate danger可知，此处用一般过去式，故译成appealed to。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查固定句式和词组。根据语境可知，句子用一般现在时，再根据句意可知，word表示某人说的话时，用复数形式；be meant to是固定搭配，意为“打算，有意要”，其中to后加动词原形；aim at意为“目的是，旨在”，其中at是介词后加动名词；not…but…是固定句型，连接的前后内容在意义上表示转折，结构上表示并列，意为“不是……而是……”，综上，故译成These words are not meant to hurt you but encourage/inspire you ./These words don’t aim at hurting you but encouraging / inspiring you.‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配和原因状语从句。根据已给汉语信息可知，主句用祈使句；从句用原因状语从句，再根据句意可知，plenty of意为“许多、大量”，其后可加不可数名词或可数名词，a good diet意为“良好的饮食”，be important to/be of great importance to意为“对……很重要”，for和because都可引导原因状语从句；再根据句意可知，句子可用一般现在时，综上，故译成Eat plenty of/more vegetables and fruits for /because a good diet is very important to/is of great importance to your health.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎56.假设你是某高中学生李华，你的美国笔友Tom 来信询问你校学生最喜爱的运动，请你根据下列信息给与回复。‎ 要点包括：‎ ‎1.运动项目简介，(至少两项)‎ ‎2.效果或影响，（至少两点）‎ ‎3.希望了解美国高中生喜爱的运动。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.开头已给出，不计入总数。‎ Dear Tom,‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tom ,‎ I am very happy to receive your letter asking about the sports which the students in my school like best . Here are some details about the events .‎ Playing basketball comes first . It is popular with both boys and girls, especially on the weekend, you can see students from different classes playing against each other with audience cheering excitedly, which is beneficial to team spirit. Another event students enjoy is running .We practice running for twenty to thirty minutes every morning so that we can keep strong and healthy. Some students achieve wonderful success in running in the school sports meeting, thus , making them more confidential . As a matter of fact , we Chinese students do lots of sports in and outside the school.‎ What sports do American high school students like ? ‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours ,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。美国笔友Tom想了解李华所在学校的学生们喜欢的运动，李华就相关要点进行回复。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，美国笔友Tom想了解李华所在学校的学生们喜欢的运动，李华就运动的项目和运动的效果两个方面进行了解答，并提出想要了解美国高中生喜爱的运动。‎ 第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：detail, be popular with, play against, be beneficial to, achieve wonderful success等。‎ 第三步：确定文章结构，本文可以采取三段的写法，第一段对对方的来信表示非常高兴并愿意介绍一些细节信息；第二段介绍足球和跑步及两项运动的影响；第三段询问对方学校学生们喜欢的运动。‎ 第四步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要用一般现在时。‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，布局工整。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式。‎ with的独立主格结构：…playing against each other with audience cheering excitedly, …‎ which引导的非限制性定语从句：…which is beneficial to team spirit. …‎ so that引导的目的状语从句：We practice running for twenty to thirty minutes every morning so that we can keep strong and healthy.‎ 现在分词做结果状语：Some students achieve wonderful success in running in the school sports meeting, thus , making them more confidential . ‎