2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+2+The+Renaissance

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+2+The+Renaissance

‎[话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．superb adj. 卓越的，极好的 ‎2．technique n. 方法，技术 ‎3．perspective n. 透视画法 ‎4．masterpiece n. 杰作 ‎5．painting n. 油画 ‎6．concentrate on 集中在……‎ ‎7．be convinced 确信 ‎8．religious themes 宗教主题 ‎9．an attitude to 对待……的态度 ‎10．A as well as B A还有B ‎11．in the Middle Ages 在中世纪 ‎12．decorate...with...用……装饰……‎ ‎13．a combination of A and B A和B的结合体 ‎14．refer to 提到，涉及到……‎ ‎15．in western are 在西方艺术方面 佳句 ‎1．Art is_influenced_by the customs and faith of a people.‎ 艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响的。‎ ‎2．Would you rather_have Chinese or Western－style paintings in your home?‎ 在你家里，你更喜欢有中国风格还是西方风格的画呢？‎ ‎3．Beginning in the 14th century, the Renaissance had_a_great_effect_on western civilisation.‎ 开始于14世纪，文艺复兴对西方文明有很大的影响。,[精美语篇]‎ During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.‎ One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the ‎ colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．suspect (n.) (犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子 ‎2．flee (v.) 逃跑，逃掉→fled (过去式)→fled (过去分词)‎ ‎3．loss (n.) 丢失；丧失→lose (v.) 丢失→lost (过去式)→lost (过去分词)‎ ‎4．seek (v.) 寻找；寻求→ sought (过去式)→sought (过去分词)‎ ‎5．appeal (v.) 恳求；呼吁 ‎6．blame (n.)(对错事或坏事应付的)责任 ‎7．merely (adv.) 仅仅；只不过 ‎8．fundamental (adj.) 根本的；基本的 ‎9．profession (n.) 职业→professional (adj.) 职业的→professor (n.) 教授 ‎10．calculate (v.) 计算→calculation (n.) 计算(结果)→calculator (n.) 计算器；计算者 ‎11．gifted (adj.) 有天赋的；有才华的→gift (n.) 天赋；礼物 ‎12．disturbing (adj.) 引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturb (v.) 打扰；扰乱→disturbed (adj.) 烦恼的，不安的→disturbance (n.) 打扰 ‎13．effect (n.) 效果；作用→effective (adj.) 有效的→affect (v.) 影响 ‎14．inspire (v.) 鼓舞；激励→inspiration (n.) 灵感，启示；鼓舞→inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的→inspired (adj.) 有创造力的，受……影响的 ‎15．motivate (v.) 激发；激励→motivation (n.) 激起；动机；意图→motivated (adj.) 有动机的 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．on_behalf_of　　　　　　代表……‎ ‎2．leave_sth._behind把……抛在后面 ‎3．depend_on依靠，依赖；取决于 ‎4．leave_for出发去某地 ‎5．take_up从事，开始做(某项工作)；占据 ‎6．be_thirsty_for渴求，渴望 ‎7．at_liberty获得自由的 ‎8．lead_to导致，通往 ‎9．up_to到(某个数量)‎ ‎10．get_tired_of_doing_sth.厌倦做某事；厌烦做某事 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．sb./sth. is believed to do/be... “某人/某事被认为是……”‎ It_is_believed_to_be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.(教材P16)‎ 这被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。‎ ‎2．how to do...为特殊疑问词加不定式短语在句中作宾语 Painters discovered how_to_use perspective and the effects of light...(教材P16)‎ 画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果……‎ ‎3．wherever＋句子， wherever引导让步状语从句 Wherever_he_went,_he carried a notebook around with him.(教材P17)‎ 无论他去哪，他都随身带着一个笔记本。‎ ‎4．where引导的从句作介词from的宾语 So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from_where_you_started.(教材P22)‎ 那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际仅有五分钟的路程。‎ ‎5．Without...，主句(may never have happened), without 暗含了if条件句，主句用虚拟语气 Without the development of the printing press, the Renaissance may never have happened.(教材P27)‎ 假如没有印刷术的发展，也许根本不会出现文艺复兴。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．I find it mysterious, and perhaps even a little ________ (disturb)．‎ 答案：disturbing ‎2．It's ________ work of genius.‎ 答案：a ‎3．It's too dark, too dull, and ________ (basic) uninteresting.‎ 答案：basically ‎4．________ he went, he carried a notebook around with him, ________ which he wrote down his ideas.‎ 答案：Wherever; in ‎5．In short, Leonardo was an extraordinary genius, an example of ________ has been described as “Renaissance man”．‎ 答案：what ‎6．________ is not easy ________ (find) your way around the town.‎ 答案：It; to find ‎7．We spent the whole day ________ (walk)．‎ 答案：walking ‎8．It doesn't matter ________ he is doing a portrait or a landscape.‎ 答案：whether ‎9．He then ________ (fleed) down a sideroad.‎ 答案：fled ‎10．Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the ‎ son of John Shakespeare may never have been inspired to take up writing ________ a profession.‎ 答案：as ‎1　　seek　v．寻求，寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图 We're seeking a gang of criminals.(P25)‎ 我们正在寻找一伙罪犯。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.‎ 他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]Local schools are seeking_to_reduce the drop－out rate.‎ 当地学校在寻找办法降低辍学率。‎ ‎③[2015·湖北高考]From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.‎ 从这次经历，我学到了：质疑充当了帮我们寻求真相的桥梁。‎ ‎④[2014·天津高考]Clearly and thought fully written, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.‎ 写得很清楚也很缜密，这本书激发了那些希望寻求他们自己的答案的学生们的自信。‎ ‎⑤[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]Most businesses seek_to_make a profit (利润)—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.‎ 多数商人追求利润，也就是说，他们的目的是获取比他们经营公司的成本更多的收入。‎ ‎2　　blame　n. (对错事或坏事应负的)责任；过失　vt. 责备；把……归咎于 The outcome of the story is that Perugia got the blame for the crime and went to prison.(P25)‎ 故事的结果是佩鲁贾承担了罪名进了监狱。‎ ‎(1)blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 be to_blame (for...) (因……)应受责备；应负责任 ‎(2)take/bear/get the blame for...对……承担责任 lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. (把某事)归咎于某人 ‎①[牛津双解]She doesn't blame anyone for her father's death.‎ 她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]I always get_the_blame_for his mistakes!‎ 他的错总是我来背黑锅！‎ ‎③Officials believe that more than one person may be_to_blame_for the fire.‎ 政府官员认为，这场火灾可能不止一个人负有责任。‎ ‎④[2014·重庆高考]While we can't change the body type we are born with, wecan't blame our genes for making us fat.‎ 虽然我们不能改变我们与生俱来的身体类型，但我们不能责备我们的基因让我们发胖。‎ ‎⑤[2013·湖北高考]Still others lay_the_blame_on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.‎ 不过，其他的人将其归咎于美国人，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐。‎ ‎3　　inspire v. 鼓舞，激励，启示，赋予灵感 Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession.(P27)‎ 假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，约翰·莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。‎ ‎(1)inspire sb. to_do sth. 激励某人做某事 inspire sb. with sth. 用……鼓舞某人 inspire sb. with sth.＝inspire sth. in sb.‎ 激起某人(感觉或情感)‎ ‎(2)inspiration n. 灵感(不可数名词)；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)[可数名词]‎ ‎(3)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 inspired adj. 品质优秀的，能力卓越的 ‎①[牛津双解]The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.‎ 演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]He inspired many young people to_take up the sport.‎ 他激励了很多年轻人参与这项运动。‎ ‎③[2014·北京高考]Friends and family members can be a great source ofideas and inspiration.‎ 朋友和家庭成员有可能是想法和灵感的源泉。‎ ‎④[2013·天津高考]His loving and selfless nature has inspired_me_to_become more sympathetic and considerate, putting others first.‎ 他的爱和无私激励我变得更富有同情心，更体贴人，把别人放在首位。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Your house may have ________ effect on your figure.‎ 答案：an ‎2．[2015·广东高考]Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than ________ the shade.‎ 答案：in ‎3．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]They did very well this season and so entered a tournament, which normally was only for more ________ (skill)club teams.‎ 答案：skilled ‎4．[2015·安徽高考]Some experts think reading is the ________ (fundamentally) skill upon which school education depends.‎ 答案：fundamental ‎5．[2015·湖南高考]Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong ________ (motivate) is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.‎ 答案：motivation ‎6．[2014·山东高考]Serval says he ________ (inspire) by his experience as a father.‎ 答案：was inspired ‎7．[2014·湖北高考改编]The boy ________ (blame) for creating an air of tension.‎ 答案：was blamed ‎8．[2013·湖北高考]Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, are both gifted ________ (profession) writers.‎ 答案：professional ‎9．I think it's time we ________ (seek) legal advice.‎ 答案：sought/should seek ‎10．She burst into tears and ________ (flee)．‎ 答案：fled ‎1　　depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于 Unlike other places in Europe, where house owners were taxed on the size of their windows, here the taxes depended on the width of the house－so they kept them narrow, but built them tall.(P22)‎ 在欧洲其他地方，房屋主人要根据窗户的尺寸纳税，此处却不同，这里的税金是根据房屋的宽度而定——因此他们把房屋盖得很窄但却很高。‎ ‎(1)depend on (sb.) doing 指望，相信(某人)做某事 depend on sb. to_do sth. 依靠某人做某事 depend on/upon it that... 指望；对……深信不疑 ‎(2)That depends./It all depends. 视情况而定。‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ rely on/depend on/see to/take... for granted等词后如需用that从句作宾语时，必须先用it作形式宾语。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]He was the sort of person you could depend_on. ‎ 他这个人你是可以信赖的。‎ ‎②You can depend_on_her_to_be late.‎ 她保准迟到。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]We're depending_on_him_finishing the job by Friday.‎ 我们指望他在星期五前完成这项工作。‎ ‎④[2015·安徽高考]Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants dependprimarily on pheromones (外激素)．‎ 在我们用声音和视力交流的方面，蚂蚁主要靠的是外激素。‎ ‎⑤[2014·浙江高考]Good neighbo(u)rs are a lot like electricity or running water: we don't know how much we depend_on them until we don't have them.‎ 好的邻居非常像电和自来水：直到我们没有它们了才知道我们有多么地依赖它们。‎ ‎⑥[2013·安徽高考改编]This shows how much we depend_on water to live.‎ 这表明我们多么依赖水去生活。‎ ‎2　　take up 对……有兴趣；从事……；占据(时间、空间)，占用，开始做(某项工作)‎ ‎...the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in rural England in the mid1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession.(P27)‎ ‎……16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员—约翰·莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而从事写作。‎ ‎①[2014·江苏高考]This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take_up a good habit or drop a bad one.‎ 这种影响也能使朋友脱离毒品，或帮助成人开始养成好习惯去掉坏习惯。‎ ‎②GBS Records was taken_over by Sony.‎ 哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]This should take some of the pain away.‎ 这应该可以减轻一些疼痛。‎ ‎④[2015·陕西高考]The little pupil took his grandma by the arm and walked her across the street.‎ 这位小学生抓着他奶奶的胳膊，然后护送她穿过街道。‎ ‎⑤[2015·陕西高考]Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken_good_care_ofat home.‎ 在非洲医疗机构待了两年回来之后，李博士很高兴地看到他的母亲在家被照顾得很好。‎ ‎⑥[2013·陕西高考]Children get the opportunity to take_on full responsibility for another creature's life.‎ 孩子们会得到为别人的生命承担全部责任的机会。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 leave...behind； in human history； depend on； take up； on behalf of； lead to； leave for； take on ‎1．[2015·福建高考改编]Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation (拯救) of the world would ________ it.‎ 答案：depend on ‎2．[2015·陕西高考]Peter will________ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.‎ 答案：take up ‎3．[2015·北京高考]But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements _______.‎ 答案：in human history ‎4．[2015·四川高考]His study shows that when robins (欧洲知更鸟) are exposed to light at night in the lab, it ________ some genes being active at the wrong time of day.‎ 答案：leads to ‎5．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]I ________ the land of warmth and vitaminc, thinking of beaches and orange trees.‎ 答案：left for ‎6．If you don't work hard, you will ________.‎ 答案：be left behind ‎7．________ the department I would like to thank you all.‎ 答案：On behalf of ‎8．I will ________ a new secretary.‎ 答案：take on ‎1　　So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where_you_started.(P22)‎ 那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际仅有五分钟的路程。‎ 该句含where引导的名词性从句，作from的宾语。where可以引导名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]This is where_I_live.(表语从句)‎ 这是我住的地方。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]She was standing exactly where you are standing now.(状语从句)‎ 她就站在现在你所站的地方。‎ ‎③[2015·重庆高考]I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.(定语从句)‎ 我刚听说Dora工作的银行被一个戴着面罩的持枪歹徒抢了。‎ ‎④[2014·江苏高考]The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.(定语从句)‎ 这本书在我的日常交流方面给予了我很大帮助，尤其是在必须给别人留下一个好印象的工作中。‎ ‎⑤[2013·陕西高考]I couldn't remember where I'd met him.(宾语从句)‎ 我记不起来在哪儿见过他了。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)‎ ‎1．[2015·浙江高考]Most of us, if we know even a little about ________ our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was formerly alive.‎ 答案：where ‎2．[2015·北京高考]Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.‎ 答案：where ‎3．[2015·天津高考]The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.‎ 答案：where ‎4．[2015·江苏高考]________Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.‎ 答案：Where ‎5．[2015·安徽高考]________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.‎ 答案：Where Grammar　Review of non－finite verbs——非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括不定式、动词ing形式和过去分词。本册主要补充以下几点：‎ 作主语、宾语和表语时，不定式与动词的ing形式经常可以互换，但在有些情况中存在如下区别 动词ing与不定式的被动 动词ing的被动是“being done”，表示“正在被”；不定式的被动是“to be done”，表示“要被”。‎ ‎1．Listen! The song being_sung is very popular with the students.‎ 听！正唱着的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎。(表被动，正在进行)‎ ‎2．[2013·四川高考]The airport to_be_completed next year will help promotetourism in this area. (机场将要完成)‎ 明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。‎ 动词－ing与动词－ed形式的独立结构 非谓语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，否则非谓语就要有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构由名词或代词＋动词－ing或动词－ed构成，在句中作状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。‎ 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．[2015·福建高考]It was considerate of Michael ________ (inform) us of his delay in case we got worried.‎ 答案：to inform ‎2．[2015·陕西高考]At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he ________ (become) the first black president of the United States of America.‎ 答案：was to become ‎3．[2015·重庆高考]I________(diagnose)with a kind of attention disorder, it made school difficult for me.‎ 答案：diagnosed ‎4．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]________ (see) the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.‎ 答案：Seeing ‎5．[2015·浙江高考]Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.‎ 答案：being performed ‎6．[2014·北京高考]There are still many problems ________ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.‎ 答案：to be solved