专题4-2+Working+the+land（测试练习）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题4-2+Working+the+land（测试练习）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

‎【测试与练习】‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A An older friend once gave me a piece of advice，“Enjoy the last few weeks of college，” she said，“since college is the best time of your life.”‎ This was not the first time I’d heard such a statement, but with graduation fast coming close, her words especially struck me. It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one’s life peak at only 22 years of age, but in her opinion, college had been one of the best times in my life so far. I made friends, took classes, and learned a great deal about myself. But I was also excited for the time after college—moving to a new city, starting a new job, and becoming a “real” person. I hoped that my great dreams were practical.‎ Then, last week I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude, in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views. I noticed that none of them considered college as the “best” time of their life. Not all of them went to college, but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life. They said some of their favorite ‎ times were raising their children, traveling after retirement, and even enjoying their present time and age.‎ Enjoying one’s present time and age was a clear theme of the interviews. A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend; I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100. I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill, or even leveling off.‎ I am sure that our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life. We will not just look backwards or miss our college days. We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.‎ ‎1. Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with?‎ A. College is the best time of one’s life.‎ B. Twenties were the best time of the old people.‎ C. One should make the best of all situations.‎ D. One should not look backwards at their college time.‎ ‎2. In the second paragraph, the writer wants to say ________.‎ A. her achievements in college would be the peak of her success B. she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college C. she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation D. she is satisfied with the college life but is hopeful for the future ‎3. The column the writer read is mainly about those old women’s ________.‎ A. best time of life at youth B. life experiences and views C. different opinions about life D. favorite time with best friends ‎4. By saying “I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting downhill，or even leveling off” (in Paragraph 4), the writer really means ________.‎ A. she will not spend the rest of her time at college B. she will not just obtain a college level certificate C. she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished D. she will not be content with the life in the future ‎5. Which of the following words can be used to describe the writer?‎ A. Ambitious. B. Practical.‎ C. Imaginative. D. Proud.‎ B Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard, they also relax just as well. Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeing—and it’s no surprise to health care professionals.‎ ‎“Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health. This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well,” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York. Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off. “We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing, so a rested, relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better,” said Withers.‎ Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind. “The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great,” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management. “Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation, even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.‎ The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them. France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them. Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that’s not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.‎ Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future. “Without time and opportunity to do this, the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to shift into lessstressed states,” Mulhern said.‎ ‎6. How did the author introduce the topic of the text?‎ A. By making comparisons. B. By giving an example.‎ C. By raising questions. D. By providing data.‎ ‎7. According to Natasha Withers, vacations can ________.‎ A. weaken reaction system B. cure serious diseases C. reduce the level of wellbeing D. decrease the risk of heart disease ‎8. Expedia’s survey shows that Americans ________.‎ A. dislike family gatherings B. have the shortest vacation C. enjoy as many vacations as the French D. think much of spending long hours on the job ‎9. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A. One should never wait to relax.‎ B. Work and rest go against each other.‎ C. Time and opportunity wait for no man.‎ D. A relaxed mind determines everything.‎ ‎10. What is mainly talked about in the text?‎ A. Ways to relax in one’s free time.‎ B. The benefits of taking time off.‎ C. Different opinions on holidays.‎ D. The Hostetlers always on the go.‎ C As climate change has warmed the earth, oceans have responded more slowly than land environments. But scientific research is finding that marine ecosystems can be far more sensitive to even the smallest temperature change.‎ Perhaps the ocean organism most vulnerable to temperature change is coral. There is evidence that reefs will bleach (变白) at even a slight continuing temperature rise. Bleaching slows coral growth, makes them susceptible to disease, ‎ and can lead to largescale reef dieoff. Other organisms affected by temperature change include krill, an extremely important link at the base of the food chain. This can affect the life cycle of krill eaters, such as penguins and seals—which in turn causes food shortages for higher predators.‎ When water heats up, it expands. Thus, the most readily apparent consequence of higher sea temperatures is a rapid rise in sea level. Sea level rise cause floods of coastal habitats for humans as well as plants and animals, shoreline erosion, and more powerful storm that can destroy lowlying areas.‎ Warmer sea temperatures are also associated with the spread of species and diseases. If an ecosystem becomes warmer, it can create an opportunity where outside species or bacteria can suddenly develop where they were once excluded. This can lead to forced migrations and even species extinction.‎ Warmer seas also lead to melting from below of polar ice shelves. Scientists also worry that warmer water could interrupt the socalled ocean conveyor belt, the system of global currents that is largely responsible for regulating Earth’s temperature. Its collapse could trigger catastrophically(灾难性地) rapid climate changes.‎ The only way to lower ocean temperatures is to dramatically control our emission of greenhouse gases. However, even if we immediately dropped carbon dioxide emissions to zero, the gases we’ve already released would take decades or longer to disappear.‎ ‎11. This passage is mainly about ________.‎ A. sea species B. a rise in sea temperature C. changes in the sea D. humans’ effect on the sea ‎12. What will happen to penguins and seals if krill is killed in large numbers?‎ A. They will die out at once.‎ B. They will leave the sea.‎ C. They will be lacking in food.‎ D. They will turn to other fish for food.‎ ‎13. Sea level rise may cause great damage to ________.‎ A. corals B. krill C. ice shelves D. shoreline D CHINA’s moon rover, Yutu, also known as Jade Rabbit, has awoken after its troubled dormancy(休眠), the condition of being temporarily inactive, but experts were still trying to find out the cause of its abnormality. Thursday, a spokesman for the country’s lunar probe program said.‎ ‎“Yutu has come back to life,” spokesman Pei Zhaoyu announced. Pei said the moon rover, named after the pet of a lunar goddess in ancient Chinese mythology, had been restored to its normal signal reception function while experts worked to verify(查对) the cause of its mechanical control abnormality.‎ Problems emerged before Yutu entered its second dormancy on the moon on Jan.25, as the lunar night fell. “Yutu went to sleep under an abnormal status,” Pei said, adding that experts had been concerned that the moon rover, Yutu, might not be able to survive the extremely low temperatures during the lunar night.‎ ‎“The rover stands a chance of being saved now that it is still alive,” he said.‎ Yutu rolled onto the moon’s surface on Dec. 15, 2013, several hours after China’s lunar probe, Chang’e3, had softlanded on the moon on Dec. 14, 2013. ‎ Chang’e3 is part of the second phase of China’s lunar program, which includes orbiting, landing and returning to the earth. China is the third country in the world to successfully softland on the moon, after the United States and the former Soviet Union.‎ ‎14. From the second paragraph, we know that the moon rover ________.‎ A. is named after the lunar goddess in ancient Chinese story B. has the same name with the pet of a lunar goddess C. cannot receive signals from the earth after its dormancy D. didn’t come back to life until it was repaired by experts ‎15. According to the third paragraph, as the night fell on the moon, Yutu ________.‎ A. started working B. started rolling C. fell in dormancy D. was dead 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Look and Feel Beautiful Life can be much easier if most people are not too hard on themselves about their own appearance and personality.‎ ‎________‎ ‎1. Spend time for yourself.‎ Everyone needs to spoil himself or herself once in a while. Going to a spa or trying something simple can improve greatly on how you feel.‎ ‎2. Eat healthy and exercise.‎ Keeping your body in shape and eating healthy food can do wonders for you not only ‎ physically, but give you great energy to be active and fit. ________‎ ‎3. Stay less stressed.‎ ‎________ Try yoga, soothing (抚慰人心的) music to ease and relax your mind and body. Do whatever that works for you to prevent constant worries.‎ ‎4. ________‎ Treat yourself by buying a new outfit, a pair of shoes or a beautiful necklace or earrings to give an extra boost in the way you look.‎ ‎5. Be content with yourself.‎ The best method to stay beautiful is being comfortable in your own skin by having confidence and thinking highly of yourself (but not to the extreme where you are arrogant). Accepting that you are an unique individual with great gifts can definitely change your life for the better.‎ ‎6. Smile, laugh, and stay positive.‎ ‎________ And it also gives you a beautiful glow (容光焕发) that make others want to be around you.‎ A. Go shopping.‎ B. Wear makeup.‎ C. Read more on different ways to look and feel beautiful.‎ D. Ignore negative comments and stay away from negative souls.‎ E. Remembering these three factors helps draw the right people in your life.‎ F. Also taking vitamins and supplements is good for your body, skin, and hair.‎ G. Situations in our life at times can make us feel physically, mentally, and emotionally stressed.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more __21_ the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “ __22_ a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members, _23_ chose to use wheel chairs. Others wore soundblocking earplugs(耳塞) or blindfolds(眼罩)．‎ Just sitting in the wheelchair was a __24__ experience. I had never considered before how _25__ it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my __26_ made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not __27__. Then I wondered where to put my __28__. It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into __29__. I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of __30__ for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的) __31__.‎ I tried to find a __32__ position and thought it might be restful, __33__ kind of nice, to be __34__ around for a while. Looking around, I __35__ would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I __36__ the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the __37__ of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)__38_ task.‎ My wheelchair experiment was soon __39_. It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the __40__, both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.‎ ‎21. A. curious about B. interested in C．aware of D．careful with ‎22. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze ‎23. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me ‎24. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing ‎25. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting ‎26. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight ‎27. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped ‎28. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles ‎29. A. place B. action C. play D. effect ‎30. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment ‎32. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable ‎33. A. yet B. just C. still D. even ‎34. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided ‎35. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted ‎36. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized ‎37. A. path B. position C. direction D. way ‎38. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished ‎40. A. weaknesses B. challenges C. anxieties D. illnesses 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ One of our father’s favorite ____41____ (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn’t say I didn’t like something, ____42____ it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I’ve come to realize how much of my success I owe to my ____43____(accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job ‎ was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career. ____44____ (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get ____45____ (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn’t think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn’t have been more ____46____(mistake). I ____47____(master) the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity to move up through the company into ____48____ (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I’ll try it; ____49____ I don’t like it, I can always go back to my ____50____ (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Every year, the National Science-Technology Award Ceremony is hold in the Great Hall of the People. In that time, the top leaders of our country award medals to scientists who achieve those goals. It’s clear that the government attaches great important to science and technology. There’s no doubt whether science and technology play a vital part in a country’s development. Without faster development in science and technology, it is impossible for China to catch up with the developing countries. Those receive the awards deserve them because, through years of hard work, that they have made outstanding contributions to our country. China needs more scientists and inventors as them. As a senior school student, I’ll try our best to learn all my subjects well so as to serve the society so well as our country.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 请根据以下要点提示，以“Save our limited farmland”为题，用英语写一篇海报，呼吁人们保护有限的耕地资源。‎ ‎1. ‎ 我国人口不断增长，而耕地面积却在日益减少，目前耕地面积只占全国土地总面积的12%左右；‎ ‎2. 建工厂、修公路和铁路以及建设房屋等占用了大量耕地；‎ ‎3. 呼吁大家节约用地，充分利用土地，努力保护现有的耕地资源。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 参考答案：‎ 第一部分 第一节 A ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。都说大学是人生最辉煌的时光，但文中的作者却给出了不同的观点。‎ ‎1. C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二、三句“A piece of advice given by the women...making the best of all situations. I think it more accurate than that of my friend...”可知，作者同意的是答案C，“一个人应该充分利用一切情况。”。‎ ‎4. C句意理解题。根据对文章最后一段的整体理解可知，作者并不满足现有的成就，而是要继续下去，把整个人生都活得精彩、生动。由此可推知，答案C符合文意。‎ ‎5. A推理判断题。根据对文章的整体理解，尤其是最后一段可推知，作者是一个不满足于现状的年轻人，是一个积极进取的人。故答案A“有抱负的”符合文意。‎ B ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的必要性和好处。‎ ‎6. B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。‎ ‎7. D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中Natasha Withers所说的话“Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，她认为度假对人们的身体健康很重要。‎ ‎8. D细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。故选D。‎ ‎9. A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。‎ ‎10. B主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。‎ C D ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的探月车玉兔。‎ ‎14. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the moon rover, named after the pet of a lunar goddess in ancient Chinese mythology”可知，月球探测车以中国古代神话中月亮女神的宠物的名字来命名，故B项正确。‎ ‎15. C　细节理解题。根据第三段中Problems emerged before Yutu entered its second dormancy on the moon on Jan.25, as the lunar night fell.可知，当月球进入黑夜时，月球探测车玉兔号就进入了休眠状态，故C项正确。‎ 第二节 ‎【文章大意】如果我们对自己的外表和性格不那么挑剔的话，生活会轻松的多。下面这6种方法会让你看起来或感觉更美丽，多为自己花点时间，保持健康的生活状态，还有积极向上的劲头。‎ ‎16. C根据上句：如果我们对自己的外表和性格不那么挑剔的话，生活会轻松的多。再根据空格下文的内容，可知，此空起承上启下的作用，C项Read more on different ways to look and feel beautiful（下面这些方法会让你看起来或感觉更美丽。）符合语境。‎ ‎20. E根据本段小标题Smile, laugh, and stay positive.（微笑，大笑，永远保持积极向上的劲头。）可知，E项Remembering these three factors helps draw the right people in your life（记住这三个因素有助于在你的生活中找到合适的人。）符合语境。‎ 第二部分 第一节 ‎【文章大意】本文记叙了作者参加“Sensitivity Sunday”这一活动，体验到了残疾人的艰辛和无助。‎ ‎21. C A. curious about对……好奇；B. interested in对……感兴趣；C. aware of意识到；D. careful with当心、小心。句意：这一活动目的是使我们意识到残疾人面对的问题。故C项正确。‎ ‎22. C A. cure治愈；B. prevent阻止；C. adopt采取；D. analyze分析。此处表示在这几个小时里，采取一种残疾（的姿势），故C项正确。第二段中“adopting a wheelchair”也是提示。‎ ‎23. D　some...others...一些人……；另一些人……句意：像我一样的人选择使用轮椅，另一些人戴阻止声音的耳塞或眼罩。故选D。‎ ‎24. A　A. learning学习；B. working工作；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. relaxing放松的。此处表示坐在轮椅里，充当残疾人也是一次学习经历。故选A。‎ ‎25. B　A. convenient方便的；B. awkward笨拙的，不灵活的；C. boring单调的，乏味的；D. exciting使人兴奋的，令人激动的。句意：以前从来没有想过坐轮椅是多么的不灵活。‎ 故选B。‎ ‎26. D　A. height身高；B. force力，武力；C. skill技能，技巧；D. weight重量，体重。我一坐上轮椅，我的体重就使得轮椅开始滚动。故选D。‎ ‎27. A　A. locked锁上；B. repaired修理；C. powered给…提供动力；D. grasped抓住。由上文可知，轮椅滚动，证明轮椅轮子没锁，故A项正确。‎ ‎28. B　由后面的footrest可知，此处表示我不知道把脚放在那里。故选B。‎ ‎29. A　get...into place 使……就位。句意：我花了好长一段时间才把脚放进脚蹬里。故选Ａ。‎ ‎33. D　此处表示加强语气，前面有restful，让人得到休息的，后面进一步说“甚至有点好”，ｅｖｅｎ意为“甚至”。故D项正确。‎ ‎34. B　坐在轮椅里，让人推着。ｐｕｓｈ推。故B项正确。‎ ‎35. A　环顾四周，没找到人推我，所以我意识到只有自己转轮椅了。ｒｅａｌｉｚｅ意识到。故A项正确。‎ ‎36. B　A. lifted举起；提升；B. turned转动；C. pressed压，按；D. seized抓住。由上一句话的handle可知，此处用turn，自己用手转轮椅。故选Ｂ。‎ ‎37. C　控制轮椅方向也不是一件容易事，故C项正确。‎ ‎38. A　见上题解析。‎ ‎39. D　几个小时的坐轮椅尝试很快就结束了，但给我留下了很深的印象。A. forgotten忘记；‎ B. repeated重复；C. conducted引导；D. finished完成。故D项正确。‎ ‎40. B　A. weaknesses缺点；B. challenges挑战；C. anxieties焦虑；D. illnesses疾病。由后面overcome可知是克服“挑战”。‎ 第二节 ‎【文章大意】小时候，父亲就告诉作者做什么事情都要努力尝试，在那之前不要说不喜欢。作者接受了这种观念并在生活中应用，取得了成功。‎ ‎41. 考查名词。结合句子结构可知，该空应用名词；one of之后用名词的复数形式，故填sayings。‎ ‎42. 考查状语从句。句意：不论这件事情是什么，只有在我尝试过之后，我才能说不喜欢。该空引导让步状语从句，且从句缺少表语，故用whatever。‎ ‎43. 考查名词。形容词性物主代词my后应用名词形式，故填acceptance。‎ ‎44. 考查副词。该空位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词，故填actually。‎ 第三部分 第一节 第一处：hold改为held。考查语态。句子主语“the National Science-Technology Award Ceremony”与动词hold之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态，将hold改为held。‎ 第二处：in改为at。考查介词。at that time表示“在那时”，表示具体的点时间应用介词at。‎ 第三处：important改为importance。考查名词。此处作动词attach的宾语，应用名词形式，故将important改为importance。‎ 第四处：whether改为that。考查连词。There is no doubt that ...是固定句式，表示“毫无疑问……”，故将whether改为that。‎ 第五处：developing改为developed。考查非谓语动词。结合句意，此处应表示“赶上发达国家”，故将developing改为developed。developing countries指“发展中国家”developed countries指“发达国家”。‎ 第六处：those后加who。考查定语从句。结合句子结构可知，receive应是those后定语从句的谓语动词，从句缺少主语，指人，故加who。‎ 第七处：去掉that。考查连词。从句they have made outstanding contributions，插入语之前已经有引导词because，故不需加that。‎ 第八处：as改为like。考查介词。此处表示“像……”，应用介词like。as用作介词，表示“作为…”。‎ 第九处：our改为my。考查代词。与前面的代词I对应，此处的形容词性物主代词应用my。‎ 第十处：so改为as。考查副词。as well as是固定结构，表示“除……之外（也）”，故将so改为as。‎ 第二节 ‎【参考范文】‎ ‎ ‎