2020届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit2学案设计（38页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit2学案设计（38页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit2学案设计 话题素材——机器人 好词 ‎1.automatic adj. 自动的 ‎2.artificial adj. 人造的 ‎3.shapen. 形状 ‎4.functionn. 功能 ‎5.update vt. 更新 ‎6.be used for 被用来……‎ ‎7.come true 实现 ‎8.follow the fashion 追随时尚 ‎9.be in the lead 领先 ‎10.information products 信息产品 ‎11.in storage 储存 ‎12.scientific breakthrough 科学突破 ‎13.positive and negative aspects of robots 机器人的积极和消极方面 ‎14.intelligent terminal 智能终端 ‎15.a robot design competition 机器人设计大赛 佳句 ‎1.As_is_known_to_all,_most mobile robots are still in_the_design stage.‎ 众所周知，大多数移动机器人仍处在设计阶段。‎ ‎2.With the development of science, more and more people are confused that whether_it_is_good_or_bad_to_make_robots.‎ 随着科学的发展，越来越多的人怀疑制造机器人究竟是好还是坏。‎ ‎3.Are robots going to take_the_place_of human beings？‎ 机器人将会代替人类吗？‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ With the development of science and technology， more and more intelligent robots are being used in industrial fields， taking the place of humans to do many dangerous tasks. Besides， with the price of robots going down， they have begun to enter families， helping people do some housework and even care for patients or read books for babies.‎ All of these suggest that robots are playing a big part in our life. By using robots， people can save time to do what they like. Meanwhile， they reduce the rate of death and injury in dangerous work.‎ But can people be out of work because of the existence of robots？ Certainly not！ However clever robots are， they are made by humans and whatever they do， they just follow the instructions given to them by humans. Therefore， robots will never completely replace humans.‎ Let's enjoy the convenience brought by robots.‎ 高频单词 ‎1 ． satisfaction (n.) 满意；满足；令人满意的事物 →satisfy (vt.) 使 满 足 ； 使 满 意 ‎→satisfying&satisfactory (adj.) 令人满意的→satisfied (adj.) 满意的 ‎2．alarm (vt.) 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 (n.) 警报；惊恐→alarmed (adj.) 担心的；害怕的 ‎3．sympathy (n.) 同情(心)→sympathetic (adj.) 同情的 ‎4．favour (n.) 喜爱；恩惠(vt.)喜爱；偏袒→favourable (adj.) 赞成的；有利的→favourite (adj.) 最喜爱的 ‎5．accompany (vt.) 陪伴；伴奏→company (n.) 陪伴；伴随；公司→companion (n.) 伙伴；伴侣；同伴 ‎6．declare (vt.) 宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration (n.) 宣言；公布 ‎7．talent (n.) 天才；特殊能力；才干→talented (adj.) 有才气的；有才能的 ‎8．affection (n.) 喜爱；爱；感情→affect (vt.) 影响；感动→effect (n.) 结果；作用；影响→effective(adj.) 有效果的 ‎9．obey (vt.&vi.) 服从；顺从→disobey (vt.&vi.) 不服从；违抗 ‎10．assessment (n.) 评价；评定→assess (vt.) 估价；评定→assessable (adj.) 可估价的；可征收的 ‎11．junior (adj.) 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的 (n.) 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→senior (adj.)‎ 年长的；资历较老的；地位较高的；高级的 (n.) 前辈；资历深者；‎ 年长者 ‎12．imagination (n.) 想象(力)；创造力；幻想物→imagine (v.) 想象→imaginary (adj.) 想象的→image (n.) 形象；图片 ‎13．divorce (n.) 离婚；断绝关系 (vt.) 与……离婚；与……脱离→divorcee (n.) 离婚的人→divorced (adj.) 离婚的 ‎14．desire (n.) 渴望；欲望；渴求 (vt.)希望得到；想要→desirable (adj.)渴望得到的；值得拥有的 ‎15．envy (vt.) 忌妒；羡慕→envious (adj.)忌妒的；羡慕的 ‎16．affair (n.)事务；事情；暧昧关系→affairs (pl.)事务 ‎17．elegant (adj.) 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→elegance (n.) 优雅；高雅 重点短语 ‎1．test_out 考验出；检验完 ‎2．or_rather 更确切地说 ‎3．ring_up 给……打电话 ‎4．turn_around 转向；回转 ‎5．leave...alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起 ‎6．set...aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)‎ ‎7．in_all 一共；总计 ‎8．be_bound_to_do 一定做……‎ ‎9．search_for 寻找 ‎10．compare...with 把……和……进行比较 ‎11．take_sth._seriously 认真对待某事 ‎12．prevent/stop/keep_sb._ 阻止某人做某事 ‎(from)_doing_sth.‎ ‎13．have/feel_sympathy_for_sb. 同情某人 ‎14．have__a_talent_for... 有……的天分 热点句型 ‎1．more...than...“与其(说)……倒不如(说)……”‎ His name was Tony and he seemed more_like_a_human_than_a_machine (与其说像一台机器，倒不 如说更像人)．(教材 P11)‎ ‎2．there be/seems/stands...倒装句 As she turned around, there_stood (站在那儿) Gladys Claffern. (教材 P11)‎ ‎3．It is/was...that/who...强调句结构 It_was_then_that (就是在那个时候) Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window. (教材 P12)‎ ‎4．have sb./sth. doing “容忍/允许某人/某物做某事”‎ But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines(允许女人与机器相爱)．(教材 P12)‎ ‎5．have sth. done“让……被做”‎ Asimov began having_stories_published (发表小说) in science fiction ‎ magazines in 1939.(教材 P16)‎ 巩固训练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．It was going to be tested ________ by Larry's wife, Claire.‎ 答案：out ‎2．On the second morning Tony, ________ (wear) an apron, brought her breakfast.‎ 答案：wearing ‎3．As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself ________ (smart) and her home more elegant.‎ 答案：smarter ‎4．As he was not allowed ________ (accompany) her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.‎ 答案：to accompany ‎5．Tony told her and suggested that she ________ (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house.‎ 答案：(should) invite ‎6．She fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room, he managed ________ (catch) her in time.‎ 答案：to catch ‎7．She screamed, ________ (push) him away and ran to her room for the rest of the day.‎ 答案：pushed ‎8．________the amused and surprised look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair.‎ 答案：By ‎9．Asimov's life began in Russia, ________ he was born on 2nd January, 1920.‎ 答案：where ‎10．Use a clear simple style as if you ________ (be) writing to younger students in your school.‎ 答案：were ‎1 desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要 Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires？(P10)‎ 你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)have a strong desireî ìto do sth.迫切想要做某事 for sth.急于想得到某物 ‎(2)desire to_do sth. 渴望做某事 desire for sb. to_do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire＋that 从句(从句谓语动词为：should＋do, should 可以省略)‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2016·江苏高考]He had_a_strong_desire_to_free her family from trouble.‎ 他迫切渴望使她的家庭摆脱困境。‎ ‎②We always desire_to_live in peace with all the other countries in the world.‎ 我们一直希望与世界上其他国家和平相处。‎ ‎③We desire that immediate help (should)_be_given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.‎ 我们希望能立刻救援那些被洪水围困的当地村民们。‎ ‎④He has_a_strong_desire_for success though he has failed many times.‎ 尽管他失败了多次，但是他仍然渴望成功。‎ ‎2 favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒 As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.(P11)‎ 托尼为了让克莱尔高兴起来，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)ask sb. a favour 请某人帮忙 do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙 owe sb. a favour 欠某人的人情 ‎(2)in favour of 赞同；支持 in one's favour 有利于某人 注：favor 和 favour 两种拼写方法均可。‎ 语境助记 ‎①More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can write more notes.‎ 越来越多的学生喜欢用电脑记笔记，因为他们能记录更多的内容。‎ ‎②May I ask_a_favour_of you?‎ 请您帮个忙好吗？‎ ‎③I owed_him_a_favour,_so I couldn't say no.‎ 我欠他一个人情，所以无法拒绝。‎ ‎④[牛津高阶]Could you do_me_a_favor and pick up Sam from school today?‎ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？‎ ‎⑤The exchange rate is in_our_favour for the time being.‎ 汇率暂时对我们有利。‎ ‎⑥Was he in_favour_of the plan?‎ 他赞成这个计划吗？‎ ‎3 accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有 As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.(P11)‎ 她不允许他陪她去商店，因此他为她列了一个物品清单。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)accompany sb.＝keep sb. company 陪伴某人 accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴/陪同某人到某地 ‎(2)accompany sb. at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由……伴奏/伴随 ‎ (3)companion n. 同伴；伙伴 名师点睛 一般不使用 accompany sb. to do sth.表示“陪伴某人做某事”。‎ 语境助记 ‎①He accompanied_her_to_ the station and saw her off.‎ 他陪她去了车站并为她送行。‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]His wife accompanied_him on the trip.‎ 那次旅行他由妻子陪同。‎ ‎③[朗文高阶]Children under 14 must be_accompanied_by an adult.‎ ‎14 岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。‎ ‎④The singer was_accompanied_on the piano by Lang Lang.‎ 朗朗用钢琴给那位歌手伴奏。‎ ‎⑤My sister has come from America to keep_me_company during my illness.‎ 我妹妹从美国回来了，在我生病期间陪我。‎ ‎4 sympathy n．同情(心)‎ Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.(P11)‎ 克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情有点荒唐可笑。‎ 归纳拓展 have/feel sympathy for sb.对某人表示同情 get sympathy from sb.获得某人的同情 out_of sympathy 出于同情 express sympathy for(对……表示)慰问 in sympathy with sb./sth.支持某人/某事；和……一致 语境助记 ‎①All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.‎ 突然，我的心中涌起一股同情的暖流。‎ ‎②[朗文高阶]I have_a_lot_of_sympathy_for her; she had to bring up the children on her own.‎ 我非常同情她——她得独自把孩子们抚养成人。‎ ‎③Out_of_sympathy,_I gave the beggar five dollars.‎ 出于对乞丐的同情，我给了他 5 美元。‎ ‎④I'm sure he'll be in_sympathy_with your proposal.‎ 我确信他一定赞成你的建议。‎ ‎5 declare vt.宣布；表明；声明；宣称 She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.(P11)‎ 她大叫“托尼”，接着她就听到托尼郑重地说第二天他不想离开她，并且他感到这样做不仅仅只是 想让她开心。‎ 归纳拓展 declare sb./sth. to_be... 宣布某人或某事……‎ declare for/against... 表示赞成/反对……‎ declare war (on/against)．..(向……)宣战 declare sth. open/closed 宣布某事开始/结束 语境助记 ‎①[2016·北京高考]Natalie declares,_“My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”‎ 纳塔利说：“我的邻里会回来，甚至比以前更强大。”‎ ‎②The U．N. has declared it to_be a safe zone.‎ 联合国已宣布它为安全区。‎ ‎③The accused man was_declared_to be innocent by the court.‎ 法庭宣布被告无罪。‎ ‎④He declared_that he would fight for his right.‎ 他宣称要为他的权利而斗争。‎ ‎⑤Do you know the time when America declared_war_against/on_ Syria?‎ 你知道美国向叙利亚宣战的时间吗？‎ 易混辨析 declare 通常指正式、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，‎ 多用于宣战、议和、宣判等，往往带有权威性。后面可跟复合宾语 announce 指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事 情，尤指新闻之类的消息。需要接间接宾语时，要在间接宾语前加 to ‎⑥[一言辨异]Our country has declared against any war between the two countries, which will be announced to the nation.‎ 我们国家已经声明反对两国间的任何战争，而且将会对全民宣布。‎ ‎⑦选词填空(declare/announce)‎ a．We have time and time again declared that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.‎ b．It was announced that there would be a celebration on Sunday.‎ ‎6 envy n．& vt.忌妒；羡慕 What a sweet victory to be envied by those women！(P12)‎ 受到那些女士的忌妒该是多么甜美的胜利！‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)envy sb. sth./doing sth. 忌妒或羡慕某人某物/做某事 ‎(2)become/be the envy of... 成为……忌妒(或羡慕)的对象 feel envy at... 对……忌妒 out of envy/with envy 出于忌妒/羡慕地 ‎(3)enviousadj. 羡慕的；忌妒的 be envious of 忌妒 语境助记 ‎①[2016·江苏高考]She was the_envy_of the whole community.‎ 她是整个社区人们羡慕的对象。‎ ‎②[朗文高阶]He envied Rosalind her youth and strength.‎ 他羡慕罗莎琳德的青春和活力。‎ ‎③I envy_you_having such a close family.‎ 第 36 页 共 36 页 我羡慕你有这么一个亲密的家庭。‎ ‎④They looked at her with_envy.‎ 他们羡慕地看着她。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The law passed in Michigan ________ (declare) too late.‎ 答案：was declared 考查时态和语态。句意：密歇根通过的这项法律被宣告的太晚了。分析句子结构可知，空格处作谓语；且 The law 与 declare 之间为被动关系，结合 too late 可知，用一般过去时。‎ ‎2．Tom has a deep ________ (affect) for his grandfather.‎ 答案：affection 考查词性转换。由 a deep 可知，此处应用名词。句意：汤姆深爱着他的祖父。‎ ‎3．If you ________ (obey) the law, you would be punished.‎ 答案：disobey 考查词形转换。句意：如果你违法，你会受到惩罚。根据句意可知，此处应用反义词。‎ ‎4．It is hard to see how the issue can be resolved to everyone's ________ (satisfy)．‎ 答案：satisfaction 考查词性转换。to one's satisfaction 意为“使某人满意”。‎ ‎5．The young lady dressed ________ (elegant) when she went to work.‎ 答案：elegantly 考查词形转换。此处副词 elegantly 修饰动词 dressed。‎ ‎6．He was right in his ________ (assess) and wrong in his prediction.‎ 答案：assessment 考查词性转换。根据空格前为物主代词可知，此处填名词。assessment 意为“评估；评价”。‎ ‎7．The teacher desired that all the exercises ________ (hand) in before school was over.‎ 答案：(should) be handed 考查虚拟语气及语态。句意：老师要求放学前把所有练习交上来。desire后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，构成为“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。又因 all the exercises 与 hand 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎8．Many people were ________ (alarm) at the end of the world on 21st December, 2012.‎ 答案：alarmed 考查词性转换。句意：在 2012 年 12 月 21 日那天，很多人对世界末日感到担心。‎ alarmed 意为“担心的；害怕的”。‎ ‎9．To everybody's surprise, they got ________ (divorce) last month, though they had been married for only two months.‎ 答案：divorced 考查词性转换。get divorced 意为“离婚”。‎ ‎10．Everyone knows she is a ________ (talent) girl who has a talent ________ singing.‎ 答案：talented; for 句意：每个人都知道她是一个对唱歌有天赋的女孩。第一空考查词性转换，talented“有天赋的”，修饰 girl；第二空考查固定搭配，have a talent for“对……有天赋”。‎ ‎1 leave...alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起 She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. (P12)‎ 她高声嚷着：“让我独自待一会儿！”然后就跑上了床。‎ 归纳拓展 leave aside 把某事搁置一边 leave out 省略；遗漏 leave for... 动身到……‎ leave behind 留下；把……丢在后面 语境助记 ‎①[朗文高阶]Leave_the_boy_alone,_he can make up his own mind.‎ 不要去打扰这孩子，他会自己作决定的。‎ ‎②What's your opinion, leaving_aside the question of expense?‎ 不考虑费用问题，你的意见如何？‎ ‎③Take care not to leave anything behind.‎ 当心别丢下东西。‎ ‎④They were so careless that they left_out an important detail.‎ 他们如此粗心以至于漏掉了一个重要细节。‎ ‎2 set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)‎ He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set aside some time for exercise.(P13)‎ 当他的老板说他可以留出一些时间进行锻炼时，他感到高兴。‎ 归纳拓展 set off 出发；动身；引爆 set about 着手；开始做……(后接名词、动名词)‎ set out 出发；开始做……(后接不定式)‎ set down 放下；记下 set up 建立；搭建 语境助记 ‎①You had better set_aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.‎ 你最好每天都留出一些时间来锻炼，这样你就可以保持精力充沛。‎ ‎②If we set_off right now, we ought to be able to get there in time.‎ 如果我们马上出发，我们应该能够及时到达那里。‎ ‎③After supper, Mary set about clearing the table.‎ ‎＝After supper, Mary set out to_clear the table.‎ 晚饭后，玛丽动手收拾餐桌。‎ ‎④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]But it also set_off the Montgomery bus boycott.‎ 但是它也引发了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动。‎ ‎3 ring up 给……打电话 When the clerk at the counter was rude to her, she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him.(P11)‎ 柜台售货员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)call sb./telephone sb./phone sb. /give sb. a call/give sb. a ring 给某人打电话 ‎(2)ring back 回电话 ‎(3)ring off/hang up 挂断电话 ‎(4)hold on 别挂断 语境助记 ‎①[朗文高阶]I rang_up and made an appointment.‎ 我打电话预约了一下。‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]He rang_off before I could explain.‎ 我还未来得及解释他就挂了电话。‎ ‎③Can you hold_on? I'll see if the manager is in the office.‎ 先别挂电话好吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。‎ ‎④Can you ask him to ring me back?‎ 你能让他给我回电话吗？‎ 过关演练 选词填空 turn around；be bound to；set aside；ring up；leave alone；or rather；reachfor； fall in love with； test out， in favour of ‎1．I try to ________ some time to help my mother do the housework.‎ 答案：set aside ‎2．Someone had called, so he had to walk ________ run to the office.‎ 答案：or rather ‎3．I've been trying to ________ all day but I couldn't get through.‎ 答案：ring up ‎4．She's asked to ________ but the press photographers follow her everywhere.‎ 答案：be left alone ‎5．Don't lie to her; she ________ find out about it.‎ 答案：is bound to ‎6．He quickly ________ when he heard someone asking for help behind him.‎ 答案：turned around ‎7．I ________ this house the moment I saw it.‎ 答案：fell in love with ‎8．The hunter ________ his gun, aimed at the tiger and fired.‎ 答案：reached for ‎9．In our city, almost everyone is ________ bringing down the housing ‎ price because it is too high for them to buy one.‎ 答案：in favour of ‎10．[2016·洛阳市统一考试]This model had been ________ before it was put into production.‎ 答案：tested out But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt － you cannot have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines.(P12)‎ 但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。‎ 归纳拓展 have 在此为使役动词，意为“使……；让……”。常用结构如下：‎ ‎(1)have sb./sth. doing“让……不停地做(某事处于某种状态)”；若用于否定句中，have 表示“容忍；‎ 容许”之意。‎ ‎(2)have sth. done 表示“请某人做某事”或“遭遇到某事”(宾语与宾补为被动关系)。‎ ‎(3)have sb. do“让某人做……”(指一次性的具体的动作)，其中 do 前面不能带 to。‎ ‎(4)have sth. to do，这一结构中 have 意为“有”，即“有某事要做”，不定式作定语。主动表被动。‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2016·天津高考]His parents always had_him_weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.‎ 他的父母让他在花园锄草，清理垃圾并且发报纸。‎ ‎②Growing up, I had_people_telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150＋at 17, I'm anythingbut stupid.‎ 在我成长的过程中，人们不断地告诉我，我很迟钝，尽管我一点也不笨，17 岁时智商就在 150以上。‎ ‎③[2016·北京高考]They would have_the_medicine_sent by rail from Anchorage to Nenana.‎ 他们会通过铁路把药从安克雷奇送到尼纳纳．‎ ‎④It's important to have_your_eyes_examined regularly.‎ 定期检查眼睛是非常重要的。‎ ‎⑤I had_Mary_clean my bedroom yesterday.‎ 昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．Look! The boys are playing on the playground. ________ a warm scene it is!‎ 答案：What 考查感叹句。句意：看，男孩们正在操场上玩耍。多么温馨的场景啊！结构为：‎ What＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.＋主语＋谓语！‎ ‎2．If you have something awful ________ (say), have the courage to face the person and say it.‎ 答案：to say 考查不定式作定语。句意：如果你有些极坏的话要说，那么，鼓足勇气去面对这 个人并且说出来。‎ ‎3．I'm ________ worried than angry when they didn't come home.‎ 答案：more 考查固定句式。more A than B 意为“与其说是 B，倒不如说是 A”。‎ ‎4．The patient is going to have his temperature ________ (take)．‎ 答案：taken 考查 have sth. done 结构。have sth. done 意为“请人做某事”，其中过去分词 done 用 作宾补。句意：这个病人准备让人量体温。‎ ‎5．In the picture, there ________ (stand) a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream.‎ 答案：stands 考查倒装结构中的主谓一致。谓语动词的数与后面的名词保持一致。‎ Ⅱ.翻译句子 ‎1．这家饭店隔壁还有多栋大楼和另一家装修华丽的大酒店。‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Next to this restaurant stand many buildings and another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated.‎ ‎2．在新的环境中学会和他人友好相处对每个人都很重要。‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment.‎ ‎3．据说这座桥在两个月之后建成。‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：It's said that the bridge will be completed in two months.‎ 复习被动语态(包括 to do 不定式)‎ 谓语动词的被动语态 ‎1．其构成为“be＋done”，不同时态体现在助动词 be 上。‎ The magazine is published in Shanghai.‎ ‎2．含情态动词的被动语态构成为“情态动词＋be＋done”‎ It is required that the work (should) be finished in a week.‎ ‎3．短语动词的被动语态中，短语动词为一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。‎ The spelling of the word “expect” must be paid attention to.‎ to do 不定式的被动形式 ‎1．to do 不定式一般式的被动形式为“to be done”。‎ We have had a good start, but next, more work needs to be done to achieve the final success.‎ ‎2．to do 不定式完成式的被动形式为“to have been done”，表示此动作 发生在谓语动词之前。‎ Look at the pride on Tom's face. He seems to have been praised by the manager just now.‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1．More expressways ________ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.‎ 答案：will be built 考查时态和语态。句意：四川将很快修建更多的高速公路以促进地方经济(的 发展)。expressways 与 build 之间是动宾关系，且由 soon 可知，用一般将来时。‎ ‎2．The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.‎ 答案：to be completed 考查不定式的被动语态。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个 地区的旅游业。不定式作定语时表将来，且机场应是“被建成”，故用 to be completed。‎ ‎3．The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project ________ (finish) by the students independently.‎ 答案：had been finished 考查时态和语态。分析可知 finish 这个动作发生在 was delighted to find之前，故应用过去完成时；又因 project ‎ 和 finish 之间是被动关系，故用 had been finished。‎ ‎4．The dictionary is said to ________ (translate) into many languages.‎ 答案：have been translated 考查时态和语态。句意：据说这本字典被译成很多种语言。translate动作发生在 is said 之前，故应用不定式的完成时；且 dictionary 与 translate 之间存在被动关系，故用不定式完成式的被动形式。‎ ‎5．Unless some extra money ________ (find), the theatre will close.‎ 答案：is found 考查时态和语态。句意：除非我们能再弄到些钱，否则剧院将关闭。当主句为 一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示将来。money 和 find 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时 17′)‎ If there is one thing I have learned over the years, it is that life in this world is bitter－sweet. It has been and it __1__ will be.I realized this early and every day I see further __2__ of it.It is something that we all just have to __3__.When I was a boy, I cherished my books and toys, but then I __4__ them all when our house was __5__in the middle of one night. When growing up, I loved the isolated (孤立的) woodlands and meadows that were my __6__， but often I found myself playing __7__. At school, I found learning fun and __8__， but I was never as popular as I wanted to be. In college, I enjoyed the excitement of being out on my own, yet I still missed the love and __9__ of home.‎ As I grew into adulthood I fell in love and had my heart __10__. I graduated from college, but I never__11__ the success I thought I would get. I had three beautiful __12__ that taught me so much about love,‎ yet I watched my two sons __13__ daily with Autism (孤独症). I cherished the love that my Mom and Dad gave me, and then I __14__ them die before I was 50. Life is bitter－sweet which is full of ups and downs, twists and turns, successes and __15__. Whether life makes us bitter or sweet, __16__， is up to us. Anyhow, we could __17__ something from it. It is during the __18__ times that we grow the strongest and our goodness is most __19__. Stay strong. Love much.‎ Live well. Please __20__ your goodness and make this world a sweeter place for all.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。人生喜忧参半，作者用自己的酸甜苦辣尽有的经历来证实这一点。‎ ‎1．A.rarely B. forever C. almost D. always 答案：D 根据下文作者讲述的自己的经历可知，人生的状况是酸甜都有，不仅现在如此，将来亦是如此。‎ ‎2．A．information B. action C．experience D. evidence 答案：D 通过下文可知，这样的生活证据(evidence)很多，每天皆是。‎ ‎3．A．respect B. accept C. decline D. fight 答案：B 根据语境可知，这是我们所有人都必须接受的事情，故填 accept。‎ ‎4．A．borrowed B. picked C. lost D. destroyed 答案：C 根据上文“...cherished my books and toys, but...”中 but 表转折及下文中半夜火灾的发生，可知此处用 lost。‎ ‎5．A．burned down B. built up ‎ C. let out D. torn apart 答案：A 根据下文中的“in the middle of one night”以及上题中的讲述可知，此处表示某天半夜，‎ ‎“我们”的房子被烧毁。‎ ‎6．A．laboratory B. library C. study D. playground 答案：D 根据第 7 题前“found myself playing”可知，此处指林地和草地是我的游乐场。‎ ‎7．A．fairly B. badly C. alone D. well 答案：C 根据上文提到的“isolated”可知，作者发现自己独自(alone)一人在玩。‎ ‎8．A．easy B. rapid C．formal D. boring 答案：A 根据上文“found learning fun”可知，此处填与 fun 性质相同的答案。‎ ‎9．A．conditions B. comforts C. reliefs D．aids 答案：B 此处讲作者享受独自离开家的兴奋的同时，也怀念家的爱与舒适(comforts)。‎ ‎10．A．won B. stolen C. broken D. failed 答案：C 此处讲作者成人后恋爱了，心受伤害了。‎ ‎11．A．judged B. enjoyed C. gained D. proved 答案：C gain success“获得成功”。句意：我从来未取得我曾经觉得我会取得的成功。‎ ‎12．A．children B. teachers C. relatives D. friends 答案：A 根据下文中的“watched my two sons”可知，答案是 children。‎ ‎13．A．commit B. undertake C. operate D. struggle 答案：D struggle with“与……抗争”。此处指作者的两个儿子与孤独症抗争。‎ ‎14．A．watched B. sensed C．heard D. noticed 答案：A 根据语境可知，此处表示作者目睹着父母去世。‎ ‎15．A．difficulties B. failures C. hardships D. diseases 答案：B 根据上文中的“ups and downs, twists and turns”可知，该空填 failures 对应 successes。‎ ‎16．A．however B. therefore C. though D. otherwise 答案：A 根据上下文的语境可知，此处与上文是转折关系。‎ ‎17．A．conclude B. benefit C .realize D. learn 答案：D 根据首段内容可知，我们应从这些经历中学会一些东西。‎ ‎18．A．perfect B. sweet C. tough D. suitable 答案：C 根据下文中的“grow the strongest”可知，我们在困境中才会变得最强大，此时，我们的 善良也是最被需要的。tough times“艰难时期，困境”。‎ ‎19．A．needed B. showed C. found D. kept 答案：A 解析见上题。‎ ‎20．A．divide B. repay C. receive D. share 答案：D 根据下文中的“make this world a sweeter place for all”可知，‎ 此处指应分享你的善良。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时 16′)‎ A ‎[2017·宜宾模拟]Getting more followers is something we usually associatewithP1 social media or micro messaging apps, but soon we could all have a new type of follower—a robotic one.‎ Dozens of robots and technology fans gathered in Boston, US, earlier this month for the RoboBusiness conference. The latestW1 developments in the world of robotics were shown to the public and this time the trendW2 was robots following people.‎ Perhaps the most exciting development on show was the ability of drones (无人机) to follow you from the air, acting as your own personal cameraman or photographer. One example is 3-D Robotics' Iris drone, developed by a US-based company.‎ The drone is fitted with cameras and has a “follow me” function. It connects with your GPSenabled Android device (设备), like a mobile phone. Then it flies and follows you around, shootingW3 action footage (影片) of you from above. The soft-ware in the drone makes sure that you're always in the center of the frameW4.‎ It can keep working for 15 minutes, as long as there aren't too many trees for it to crash into. This could be exciting for anyone who loves action ‎ sports or wants to be the star of their own short film.‎ But what if you want to be one of those celebrities who have helpers carrying all their bags and doing all their chores? A robot called Budgee can help. Budgee, made by 5 Elements Robotics is literally a basket on wheels. It is mainly designed to help elderly and disabled people. It is also a good choice for anyone who doesn't have enough arms for grocery bag, Wired magazine reported. It can carry up to 22.7 kg of items.‎ To make Budgee follow them, its owner will have to wear a small deviceW5 and use an app to set the distance between themselves and the robot. Budgee even sends a text message when it can't keepupwithP2 its owner.‎ ‎“I want you to look at the robot like he's your buddy, he's your friend. There's a relationship you develop with the robot，” Wendy Roberts, CEO of 5 Elements Robotics, told gigaom. com.It might not be quite the same as robotic assistants we've seen in movies such as Disney's Wall-E,‎ where robots cater for (满足) our every need, but that idea doesn't seem quite so far-fetched(不着边际的)now.‎ 篇章导读：文章主要介绍了两种最新发明的机器人的相关情况。‎ ‎1．The drone developed by a US-based company can________.‎ A．decide who to put in the center of the frame B．fly around you and take videos from above C．be used to take pictures and make phone calls D．keep working for 15 minutes in any conditions 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句“Perhaps the most exciting development on show was the ability of drones (无人机) to follow you from the air, acting as your own personal cameraman or photographer.”可知，B 选项的内容与之相符。故应选 B。‎ ‎2．According to the article, Budgee is most likely to be targeted at ________.‎ A．staff in supermarkets B．elderly and disabled people C．those who love action sports D．celebrities who need a close buddy 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第七段所讲的内容可知，这种机器人能帮人们提食品杂货袋，甚至能搬运重达 22.7 公斤的东西。由此可知，它对于超市职员有利。故选 A。本题易误选 B，文中提到Budgee 实际上是装在轮椅上的篮子，主要为帮助老人和残疾人而设计的，这是事实，而本题问的是最有可能的服务对象是谁。‎ ‎3．The main purpose of the article is to ________.‎ A．urge people to buy the drone and Budgee B．tell the reader about two new types of robots C．call on people to develop relationships with robots D．analyze why the two types of robots can lead a trend 答案：B 推理判断题。纵观全文，文章主要讲述的是两种最新发明 的机器人的相关情况。故选B 正确。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．latest adj. 最近的；最新的 2.trend n. 趋势；趋向 ‎3．shoot v. 拍摄；摄影；射击 4.frame n. 框架；支架 ‎5．device n. 装置；设备 P重点短语 ‎1．associate with 联想；联系 ‎2．keep up with 跟上；与……齐头并进 B For many years, machines have been doing work that people once did, including some difficult jobs.‎ Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the first areas that will employW1high technology robots. But there is another area where they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings: the restaurant industry.Teams from around the world competed in early June at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals inCalifornia. A team from South Korea and its robot, called DRC-Hubo, won the first place in the competition.The second and third place winners were from the United States. The robots were required to drive a vehicleW2， climb up stTIF and do mechanicalW3 work. Such activities are easy for humans to perform, but more difficult for machines. Not all of the competitors were successful. The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective ‎ walking machines.Akihiro Suzuki works at Yaskawa Electric, a company that develops robots. He says robots cannot do everything a human can, but they are able to work without becoming tired. He says robots cannot taste food,change heating levels or seasonings to get the best flavor (风味). But he says if a food can be easily prepared, a robot can repeat the same movement to reproduce the same meal.‎ One Japanese woman who saw the robots working wanted to bring them home. Masayo Mori says she would likeP1 to have a husband who could work like a robot. Suzumo Machinery showed its sushi (寿司)maker robot. It performs the often difficult work of wrappingW4 the popular Japanese food. Hiroshi Monden is an officialW5 with the company. He says people allovertheworldP2 now eat sushi, but there are not enough skilled workers to prepare it. He says his machine can help anyone make sushi.‎ 篇章导读：机器人已能够做很多人类可以做的事情，包括一些很难的工作。本文主要介绍了可以在餐饮业中应用的机器人。‎ ‎4．In Paragraph 1, the author tells us ________.‎ A．robots just do difficult jobs B．robots are sometimes dangerous C．robots are widely used in our life D．robots are gradually replacing humans 答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“For many years, machines ‎ have been doing work thatpeople once did, including some difficult jobs.”及最后一句“...the restaurant industry.”可知，机器人正在做着以前由人类做的工作，包括一些困难的工作，且机器人还被应用于餐饮业。由此可知，机器人正被广泛应用于我们的生活中。故选 C 项。‎ ‎5．Why did some teams fail at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals?‎ A．Their robots cannot be applied at home.‎ B．Preparing food is really difficult for robots.‎ C．They failed to design effective walking robots.‎ D．Their robots can just repeat the same movement.‎ 答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective walking machines.”可知，有些参赛者的失败表明设计会走路的机器人有多难。故选 C 项。‎ ‎6．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.‎ A．Japanese men are lazy B．robots are popular in Japan C．Japan has advanced high technology D．robots usually take the job of making sushi in Japan 答案：B 推理判断题。文章最后一段举了两个事例，一是一位看到机器人工作的日本女士想要把它们带回家，二是日本人用机器人做寿司，这两个例子都表明机器人在日本是很受欢迎的。故选 B项。‎ ‎7．In which column can we probably see the text?‎ A．Science. B．Culture.‎ C．Health. D．Education.‎ 答案：A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍机器人在餐饮业中的应用，属于科技类，有可能来自于科学栏目。故选 A 项。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．employ vt. 雇用 2.vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆 ‎3．mechanical adj. 机动的 4.wrap vt. 包；裹(衣物等)‎ ‎5．official n．/adj. 官员/公务的 P重点短语 ‎1．would like 愿意；想要 ‎2．all over the world 遍及全世界 Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时 8′)‎ In modern society, competition is everywhere. No wonder a English philosopher considers competition the source of a series of problem such as frustration and anxiety. Therefore, if we stress cooperation too much, there would be no progress. In my opinion, all are important and necessary. Let's take the competition at school for example. Even a gifted student won't make a remarkable progress if he is in a class without competition. That's because competition, and rather, challenge is a driving force made him go forward. On the other hand, if we don't cooperate with each other, it's impossible for us learn from each other. And that's why most of the great discoveries or inventions in the modern world are the result of cooperation.‎ To conclude, those who laugh last are the people who can successful cope with the relationship between competition and cooperation.‎ 答案：‎ In modern society, competition is everywhere. No wonder a an English philosopher considers competition the source of a series of problem problems such as frustration and anxiety. Therefore However， if we stress stressed cooperation too much, there would或不改stress，此处改will be no progress. In my opinion, all both are important and necessary. Let's take the competition at school for example. Even a gifted student won't make ＼a remarkable progress if he is in a class without competition. That's because competition, and or rather, challenge is a driving force made making him go forward. On the other hand, if we don't cooperate with each other, it's impossible for us ∧tolearn from each other. And that's why most of the great discoveries or inventions in the modern world are the result of cooperation.‎ To conclude, those who laugh last are the people who can successful successfully cope with the relationship between competition and cooperation.‎ 第一处：English 前的 a→an English 的发音第一个音是元音，因此用 an。‎ 第二处：problem→problems a series of problems“一系列的问题”。‎ 第三处：Therefore→However 由上下文的意思可知，此处表转折“‎ 然而”。‎ 第四处：stress→stressed 或 would 改为 will 考查 if 引导的非真实条件句或“主将从现”原则。‎ 第五处：all→both 由上下文可知，用 both 表示两者 cooperation 和 competition。‎ 第六处：去掉 make 之后的 a progress 为不可数名词，不用不定冠词。‎ 第七处：and→or or rather 固定搭配，意为“更确切地说”。‎ 第八处：made→making 考查现在分词作后置定语。a driving force 和 make 之间是主动关系，故 用 making。‎ 第九处：learn 前加 to It's impossible for sb. to do sth. 为固定句式，意为“某人不可能做某事”。‎ 第十处：successful→successfully 此处副词 successfully 修饰动词 cope。‎