2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十九Module1～3外研版选修8

2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：三十九Module1～3外研版选修8

核心素养测评三十九 Module 1～3‎ Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·北京模拟)‎ We hope you’ve finally made your peace with Pluto being downgraded from a planet to an ice dwarf (冰矮星), because we have some more jarring news for you: It seems your teachers may have been wrong about the number of continents on the earth, too. ‎ Earlier this year, scientists published a report in the journal of the Geological Society of America detailing an eighth continent called Zealandia, roughly the size of India and almost completely hid itself under the Pacific Ocean east of Australia. Covering all of New Zealand as well as several nearby islands, Zealandia likely spent the best of its above-water days as part of the supercontinent Gondwana before fragmenting off Australia and Antarctica some 80 million years ago. This lost, underwater continent is just beginning to reveal its secrets, making for one of the most promising scientific discoveries this year. ‎ While researchers have been aware of the 1. 9 million-square-mile mass for two decades, Zealandia has only recently become the object of serious study since the Geological Society paper argued that it fits all the criteria for a proper continent, including a continental crust (地壳)that’s distinctly separate from the seabed in terms of elevation, thickness, and geology. A team of 32 scientists from 12 countries just completed their first visit to six dig sites around Zealandia, where they drilled up more than 8, 000 feet of sediment cores (沉积物岩心)that will help explain the lost continent’s 80-million-year history. ‎ Because there is no official body that formally recognizes continents, whether or not Zealandia ends up in future geography textbooks will come down to its acceptance by the scientific community at large, possibly with a little help from travelers like you. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文为说明文。众所周知, 地球上有七大洲, 但是最近科学家们却发现,‎ 11‎ ‎ 地球上有可能存在第八大洲, 就是现在新西兰等周边岛屿所在的地方, 但尚待科学的进一步论证。‎ ‎1. Why does the author mention Pluto? ‎ A. To express his or her pity. ‎ B. To introduce the topic. ‎ C. To go against the teachers. ‎ D. To explain the ice dwarf. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。从整篇文章来看, 本篇文章主要是介绍可能存在的地球上的第八个大洲, 这是令人吃惊的。第一段提到Pluto被降级这件事起初是非常吃惊的, 但文章话锋一转提到地理上的大洲, 从而引出本文话题。分析选项可知B符合题意, 故选B。‎ ‎2. What do we know about Zealandia in Paragraph 2? ‎ A. It neighbors Australia. ‎ B. It belongs to Gondwana now. ‎ C. It is similar to Antarctica in size. ‎ D. It has a history of over 80 billion years. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第二段roughly the size of India表明它大体上与印度大小一致而不是南极洲, 故C项不正确; “Zealandia likely spent the best of its above-water days as part of the supercontinent Gondwana before fragmenting off Australia and Antarctica some 80 million years ago”表明了它八千万年以前与澳洲和南极洲同属于古超级大陆冈瓦那大陆, 故B和D项是错误的, A项正确。故选A。‎ ‎3. What can most probably help discover more secrets about Zealandia? ‎ A. The sediment cores on Zealandia. ‎ B. The wildlife in New Zealand. ‎ C. The standard for a continent. ‎ D. The seabed near Antarctica. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段最后的“A team of 32 scientists from 12 countries just completed their first visit to six dig sites around Zealandia, where they drilled up more than 8, 000 feet of sediment cores (沉积物岩心)that will help explain the lost continent’s 80-million-year history”可知, 通过获得钻出地下的沉积物岩心, 科学家可以了解到具有八千万年历史的Zealandia的更多历史。故选A。‎ ‎4. Where does the text probably come from? ‎ 11‎ A. A travel brochure. 　　‎ B. An advertisement. ‎ C. An geography magazine. ‎ D. A science fiction. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。本篇文章讲述的是有关地理方面的一个隐藏很久的可能的世界第八大洲, 就学科方面来讲属于地理方面的知识, 因此, 本篇文章很可能来自于某地理杂志。故选C。‎ ‎【知识拓展】长难句剖析 While researchers have been aware of the 1. 9 million-square-mile mass for two decades, Zealandia has only recently become the object of serious study since the Geological Society paper argued that it fits all the criteria for a proper continent, including a continental crust (地壳)that’s distinctly separate from the seabed in terms of elevation, thickness, and geology. ‎ 分析: 本句是一个复合句。句中while引导让步状语从句; since引导时间状语从句; 第一个that在句中引导宾语从句; 第二个that引导定语从句。‎ 译文: 尽管研究人员已经关注190万平方英里的块状陆地20年了, 但是自从地质学会论文认为它符合所有成为一个大陆的标准以来, Zealandia只是在最近才得以成为认真研究的对象, 这些标准, 包括大陆地壳的海底割裂开来的海拔高度, 厚度和地质方面。‎ B ‎ In recent years, cursive (草书的) writing has slowly disappeared from our national school curriculums. But cursive writing is making a comeback at one New York City school. Fox’s Audrey Puente explains why the school is turning back time to help its students in the future. ‎ A principal in Brooklyn is helping students move towards the future by turning back time. “It’s super important that we all think about putting it back into the school system. ” Cheryl Lundy-Swift is the principal of the Summit Academy Charter School in Red Hook. She says cursive writing is a skill that’s still worth teaching. “There are many, many jobs that require handwriting. . . doctors, teachers, nurses. It’s really important from a life skills perspective, ” Lundy-Swift said. ‎ Eighth grader Tiye-La Williams agrees. “Most of the time when teachers grade ‎ 11‎ your work and give you feedback, it’s in cursive. You have to read it and understand it. ” Williams said. ‎ Cursive writing has been in the U. S. schools for over 300 years. Until the 1970s, beautiful handwriting was a separate lesson and even given a separate grade on report cards. Today, more time is given to technology — possibly affecting the study of historical documents. “Like the Declaration of Independence, for example, is in fact written in cursive. It’s important for them to look at that document and not think it’s a foreign language to them, ” Lundy-Swift said. “If I know how to write in it, I can read it better. ” ‎ A combination of communication strategies would better serve students. “I really want our scholars to be able to communicate effectively, leading the way for confident future leaders. In today’s world, that should be handwriting, keyboarding, tablets and such, ” Lundy-Swift said. “It really shows other people what we’re really capable of. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了学校要重视草书学习的理由, 纽约一所中学的校长提出草书学习的几个重要性。‎ ‎5. What does Cheryl Lundy-Swift think of cursive writing? ‎ A. It is an important life skill. ‎ B. It was only useful in history. ‎ C. It needs learning for leaders. ‎ D. It is familiar to the students. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段“She says cursive writing is a skill that’s still worth teaching. ‘There are many, many jobs that require handwriting. . . doctors, teachers, nurses. It’s really important from a life skills perspective, ’ Lundy-Swift said. ”可知, Lundy-Swift认为: 草书写作是一种仍然值得教授的技能, 有很多工作都需要手写。故选A。‎ ‎6. Why does the eighth grader feel it necessary to learn cursive writing? ‎ A. Teachers can give students quick feedback. ‎ B. The teachers will give them good grades. ‎ C. Students can’t understand it in class. ‎ 11‎ D. The teachers usually use it in teaching. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Most of the time when teachers grade your work and give you feedback, it’s in cursive. You have to read it and understand it. ’ Williams said. ”可知, 这个8年级的学生威廉认为, 大多数时候老师都用草书给学生作业评分、反馈等, 所以学生必须要读懂老师的话。故选D。‎ ‎7. Why is the Declaration of Independence used as an example in Paragraph 4? ‎ A. To encourage students to study American historical documents. ‎ B. To introduce the relationship between cursive writing and history. ‎ C. To show ignoring cursive writing affects the study of historical documents. ‎ D. To stress the importance to study cursive instead of technology. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段“Today, more time is given to technology — possibly affecting the study of historical documents. ‘Like the Declaration of Independence, for example, is in fact written in cursive. It’s important for them to look at that document and not think it’s a foreign language to them, ’ Lundy-Swift said. ”可知, 用独立宣言做例子是说明: 美国很多文献都是用草书写的, 今天, 大家忽视草书、更多关注现在技术, 这样导致他们读不懂文献。故选C。‎ ‎8. What is the text mainly about? ‎ A. A principal’s decision made for her students. ‎ B. The reasons of a school’s teaching cursive writing. ‎ C. A combination of cursive writing and technology. ‎ D. The popularity of cursive writing at school. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。文章大意题。根据全文大意, 尤其第一段第二、三句话“But cursive writing is making a comeback at one New York City school. Fox’s Audrey Puente explains why the school is turning back time to help its students in the future. ”点出全文的主题, 由此可知, 草书书写正在纽约市的一所学校卷土重来。福克斯的奥黛丽·普恩特解释了为什么学校要重新去重视草书教育来帮助学生。故选B。‎ Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎(2020·郑州模拟)‎ I had no idea she would be there. My apologies for her 　1　 had been prepared.  ‎ When my teacher announced that we would be having a(n) 　2　 mother-daughter ‎ 11‎ tea, I felt 　3　 I would not be serving my mother at this special event. So I will never forget 　4　 the beautifully decorated gym and there she was, sitting calmly, and 　5　! As I looked at her, I imagined all the arrangements this 　6　 woman must have had to make to be able to be with me for that one hour.  ‎ Who was 　7　 granny? She was ill in bed, and Mom had to do everything for her. How did she get here? We didn’t own a car, and she couldn’t 　8　 a taxi. It was a long walk to get the bus, plus at least five more blocks to the 　9　.  ‎ And the pretty dress she was 　10　, red with tiny white flowers, was just right for the tea. There was no money for extra clothes, and I knew she had gone into 　11　 again to have it.  ‎ I was so proud! I served her tea with a 　12　, thankful heart, and introduced her to the group when our 　13　 came. I sat with my mother that day, just like the rest of the 　14　, and that was very 　15　 to me. The look of love in her eyes told me she 　16　.  ‎ I have never forgotten. One of the 　17　 I made to myself and to my children was that I would always be there for them. That promise is 　18　 to keep in today’s busy world. But I have a(n) 　19　 before me that puts any 　20　 excuses to rest. I just recall again when mother came to tea.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妈妈排除一切困难陪女儿参加茶会的故事。‎ ‎1. A. absence　　　　　　B. error C. lateness D. rudeness ‎【解析】选A。根据上下文可知, “我”原以为妈妈会缺席茶会。absence缺席; error错误; lateness迟到; rudeness粗鲁。故选A。‎ ‎2. A. urgent B. formal C. private D. frequent ‎【解析】选B。根据下文中的beautifully decorated gym和And the pretty dress she was. . . was just right for the tea可知, 这次茶会很正式。urgent紧急的; formal正式的; private私人的; frequent频繁的。故选B。‎ ‎3. A. proud B. angry C. certain D. embarrassed 11‎ ‎【解析】选C。联系上文中的My apologies for her　　　had been prepared可知, “我”确信妈妈一定不会来参加这个活动。proud骄傲的; angry生气; certain确信; embarrassed困窘的。故选C。 ‎ ‎4. A. staying at B. returning to C. walking into D. dropping into ‎【解析】选C。根据下文中的there she was, sitting calmly可知, “我”走进装饰华美的体育馆时看到妈妈坐在那里。staying at住在; returning to回到; walking into走入; dropping into偶然进入。故选C。‎ ‎5. A. sobbing B. smiling C. singing D. suffering ‎【解析】选B。联系上文中的sitting calmly和下文中的The look of love in her eyes可知, 妈妈当时安静地坐在那里, 微笑着。sobbing啜泣; smiling微笑; singing唱歌; suffering受苦。故选B。‎ ‎6. A. educated B. lonely C. strange D. great ‎【解析】选D。妈妈排除万难来参加女儿的茶会, 因此在女儿眼中, 妈妈是“伟大的”。educated受过教育的; lonely孤独的; strange奇怪的; great伟大的。故选D。‎ ‎7. A. attending on B. laughing at C. cheering for D. chatting with ‎【解析】选A。根据下文中的She was ill in bed, and Mom had to do everything for her. 可知, “我”担心妈妈走后谁来照顾奶奶。attend on照料; laugh at嘲笑; cheer for加油; chat with闲谈。故选A。‎ ‎8. A. advance B. afford C. admit D. arrange ‎【解析】选B。根据上文中的We didn’t own a car和下文中的It was a long walk to get the bus可知, 妈妈没有能力支付打车费。advance前进; afford支付; admit承认; arrange安排。故选B。‎ ‎9. A. home B. station C. school D. market ‎【解析】选C。根据上文中的my teacher announced that we would be having a formal 11‎ ‎ mother-daughter tea可知, 妈妈来学校参加茶会。home家; station车站; school学校; market市场。故选C。‎ ‎10. A. wearing B. making C. designing D. holding ‎【解析】选A。根据下文中的was just right for the tea可知, 妈妈穿着的这件漂亮的礼服很适合茶会。wearing穿; making制作; designing设计; holding拿着。故选A。‎ ‎11. A. detail B. business C. action D. debt ‎【解析】选D。根据上文中的There was no money for extra clothes可知, 为了买这件衣服, 妈妈又负债了。detail细节; business生意; action行动; debt债务。故选D。‎ ‎12. A. strong B. brave C. happy D. broken ‎【解析】选C。妈妈穿着得体地来参加茶会, 这让女儿感到很幸福。strong强壮的; brave勇敢的; happy幸福的; broken破碎的。故选C。‎ ‎13. A. turn B. chance C. message D. decision ‎【解析】选A。在茶会上应该是轮流作介绍, 所以当“轮到”我们的时候, “我”怀着一颗感恩的心把妈妈介绍给大家。turn轮次; chance机会; message信息; decision决定。故选A。‎ ‎14. A. team B. company C. family D. class ‎【解析】选D。根据上文中的my teacher announced that we would be having a formal mother-daughter tea可知, 参加茶会的都是“班上(class)”的女同学和她们的妈妈。team团队; company公司; family家; class班级。故选D。‎ ‎15. A. annoying B. important C. interesting D. surprising ‎【解析】选B。根据上文中的I was so proud! I served her tea with a happy, thankful heart 可知, 能像其他同学一样和妈妈坐在一起参加茶会, 这对于“我”来说“很重要(important)”。annoying讨厌的; important重要的; interesting有趣的; surprising奇怪的。故选B。‎ 11‎ ‎16. A. understood B. accepted C. agreed D. remembered ‎【解析】选A。根据上文中的The look of love in her eyes可知, 妈妈理解我的心思。understand理解; accept接受; agree同意; remember记住。故选A。‎ ‎17. A. choices B. mistakes C. efforts D. promises ‎【解析】选D。下文中的I would always be there for them是“我”对自己和孩子们许下的“诺言(promises)”。后文的“promise”亦是提示。choices选择; mistakes错误; efforts努力; promises允诺。故选D。‎ ‎18. A. unfair B. difficult C. false D. wise ‎【解析】选B。根据下文中的in today’s busy world可知, 在如今这个忙碌的世界, 遵守这样的诺言很“难(difficult)”。unfair不公平的; difficult困难的; false错误的; wise聪明的。故选B。‎ ‎19. A. role B. rule C. lesson D. example ‎【解析】选D。根据下文中的I just recall again when mother came to tea可知, 妈妈给“我”树立了一个“榜样(example)”。role角色; rule规则; lesson课程; example例子。故选D。‎ ‎20. A. awkward B. polite C. poor D. meaningful ‎【解析】选C。根据下文中的excuses to rest可知, 这些借口是“没有说服力的(poor)”。awkward尴尬的; polite礼貌的; poor贫乏的, 没有说服力的; meaningful有意义的。故选C。‎ Ⅲ. 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a natural landscape on a small scale and emphasize the perfect harmony between man and nature. ‎ A Chinese garden 1. 　　　　 (be) like a scroll (卷轴) painting, 2. 　　　　 (show) a series of carefully composed scenes. New views are revealed as one walks ‎ 11‎ along the pathways. In the gardens, 3. 　　　　 most frequently meets the eye is winding paths that seemingly lead to nowhere. There, a path seems to end, but all of ‎ ‎4. 　　　　 sudden, a new world is rolled out before you: pavilions (亭子), rock formations and spring water—all combined to provide a pleasant surprise! At the ‎ ‎5. 　　　　 (enter) to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall ‎ ‎6. 　　　　 (use) to screen your view so as to later produce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall. A Chinese garden may have windows on all 7. 　　　　 (it) four walls. And it is 8. 　　　　 (interest) that, through the windows, visitors may see different views from different angles, and thus the composition of the garden becomes enlarged.  ‎ A Chinese garden is a place where culture is both created and enjoyed. All plants mark the shift of 9. 　　　　 (season). Similarly, water, a symbol of the ever-changing, 10. 　　　　 rocks, a symbol of the eternal (永恒的), create a harmonious balance of nature’s yin and yang.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要对中国古典园林设计进行了简要的介绍。‎ ‎1. 【解析】is。考查主谓一致和动词的时态。本句的主语为“A Chinese garden”, 谓语动词应用单数形式, 又因为整篇文章用的都是一般现在时, 故用is。‎ ‎2. 【解析】showing。考查非谓语动词。show和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词连接, 且和句子的主语“A Chinese garden”构成逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎3. 【解析】what。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导主语从句, 且在主语从句中作主语, 表示物的概念, 故应填what。‎ ‎4. 【解析】a。考查固定用法。all of a sudden=suddenly, 意为“突然”, 为固定用法, 故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎5. 【解析】entrance/entry。考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知, 此处应用名词形式, 表示“入口”, 故用entrance/entry。‎ ‎6. 【解析】used。考查非谓语动词。use和句子的谓语is之间没有连词连接, 故用非谓语, 又因为和其逻辑主语“a huge stone or wall”之间构成动宾关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎7. 【解析】its。考查代词。分析句子结构可知, 空处在此处作定语, 修饰名词walls,‎ 11‎ ‎ 故用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎8. 【解析】interesting。考查词性转换。此处是固定句型: it is+形容词+that. . . , it作形式主语, that引导的从句是真正的主语。故此处应用interest的形容词形式interesting。‎ ‎9. 【解析】seasons。考查名词单复数。season是可数名词, 且其前没有限定词, 表示泛指, 故用其复数形式。‎ ‎10. 【解析】and。考查连词。根据语境可知, 空处前后为逻辑上的并列关系, 故用连词and。‎ 11‎