2018-2019学年黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

2018-2019学年黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

鸭山市第一中学 2018-2019学年度下学期 高一学年期中考试 英语试题 本试卷共150分 答题时间120分钟 第I 卷（共70分）‎ 第一部分：阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ A Do you need useful and interesting books? Here we’ve got plenty for you.‎ Successful Fishermen Fishing is a healthy hobby. You can enjoy fresh air when you go fishing in the countryside. This book will teach you how to choose fishing places and how to make good fishing rods(竿) easily. Many kinds of fishing skills are shown in the book. Read it and you will become a more successful fisherman.‎ Best Learners This book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents, teachers and students themselves. Read this book and learn:‎ ‎•What the three difficulties in study are and how to deal with them.‎ ‎•What to do if you are not interested in a subject you are studying ‎•Twentysix simple exercises to help you study easily and fast.‎ You will get more from this book. For younger students, you can buy Learn in Study for Beginners. It is easier to understand.‎ How to Keep Pets A pet can be our best friend. Do you have pets in your house? Are they in good shape? This book not only offers you many colorful pictures of lovely pets, but also provides you with the knowledge about:‎ ‎•How to choose right pets for yourself.‎ ‎•How to build houses or nests(窝) for your pets.‎ ‎•How to feed the pets and how to keep them clean.‎ Buy this book and you will learn more.‎ We have many other books on sale. For more information enter www. knowbetter com. If you buy ‎ two or more books at a time, you’ll get 10% off.‎ ‎1. If you buy and read Successful Fishermen, you will________.‎ A. go to the countryside B. know how to cook fish C. learn how to choose fishing places D. know where to buy fishing rods ‎2. You can ________ for more information about other books according to the passage.‎ A. call the writer B. go to the shop C. ask the clerk D. search the Internet ‎3. The writer wrote this passage in order to ________.‎ A. tell people how to keep pets B. increase sales of the books C. buy useful and interesting books D. teach students to study easily and fast ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。作者介绍了三本大家可能会觉得有用并且有趣的书，并推荐大家去www. knowbetter.com 了解更多正在出售的书，购买两本或两本以上还会有优惠。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由题干中的书名“Successful Fishermen”可以将答案定位在对应标题下的段落。从段中的 “This book will teach you how to choose fishing places…”可知，这本书将会教你如何选择钓鱼地点。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由题干中的“more information about other books”可知，答案不在对这四本书的介绍里，由此可将答案定位在最后一段。从最后一段中的“For more information enter www. knowbetter com.”可知，作者推荐了一个网站。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“If you buy two or more books at a time, you’ll get 10% off.（如果你一次购买两本或两本以上的书，或有10%的优惠。）”可知，作者想让大家购买更多的书。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】应用文阅读是考查学生快速获取信息解决问题的能力。全国卷中每年都会考。应用文一般都会含有小标题或者项目符号。做题时先根据问题定位段落，再从定位段落中找出答案。跟题目无关的段落可以不用阅读。具体定位方法可以参看我们上边这三题的解析。尽管这篇文章有五个段落，但我们只用了第二段和最后一段就可以解完题目。‎ B When the telephone rings late at night，most women guess it must be one of only four or five people calling. A sister? Maybe. An emergency? Possibly. A mother? Probably not at that time of night. Much more probably it is a close female friend calling to tell you that she is heartbroken because she has split up with her boyfriend again or perhaps simply that a good movie has just started on TV.‎ At a time when families are spread far and wide and marriages often end in divorce, friendships are becoming more and more important. Erika, a 32-year-old lawyer, is strengthened by her ten year friendship with her married friend Jane. “I was very sick one night, so I called Jane at about 3：00 a．m. to talk about it,” she says. “She was very supportive and even came over to take me to the doctor's.”‎ As American TV shows like Friends have become more popular, many of us are beginning to see the value of such friendships.TV shows like this tell us that our romantic relationships may not last, but we need to keep in touch with our close friends if we want to survive.‎ With Erika's family 200 miles away, it is Jane who keeps a spare set of keys to Erika's apartment and waters her plants whenever she is away. “Having Jane around gives me a certain amount of freedom. It is not the kind of thing that you could ask anyone to do, but she knows I would do the same for her.” Jane, who may move to a different city soon, is worried about leaving such a support system of friends. “My friends have more to do with my life than my parents and, therefore, I don't have to spend a lot of time explaining things to them. Friends are more up to date with what is happening.”‎ ‎4. A late night phone call for most women is probably from________.‎ A. a friend B. a relative C. a doctor D. a stranger ‎5. What does the underlined phrase “split up” in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. shown up. B. picked up.‎ C. taken up. D. broken up.‎ ‎6. According to the passage，we can learn that Erika________.‎ A. is Jane's male friend B. treasures Jane's friendship C. has been married for 10 years D. lives far away from Jane ‎7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Friendship Counts B. Friendship Demands Freedom C. Friendship Needs Understanding D. Friendship Strengthens Romance ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过介绍三个场景（半夜闺蜜来电，32岁律师Erika与好友Jane的故事，老友记里友情的珍贵）为大家揭示了一个道理：生命中友谊很珍贵。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从文章第一段中的“Much more probably it is a close female friend calling to…”可知，半夜给你打来电话的更可能是亲密的朋友。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。划线单词所在句子“…that she is heartbroken because she has split up with her boyfriend again…”意思为：因为她又一次和男朋友分手了所以很心碎。A. shown up露面，露出；B. picked up拾起，捡起；C. taken up占用，开始从事；D. broken up分手。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从文章第四段中Erika对Jane的描述“Having Jane around gives me a certain amount of freedom. It is not the kind of thing that you could ask anyone to do, but she knows I would do the same for her.”可知，Jane在身边，Erika就会有一种自由感。这种感觉不是其他人能给的，而且Jane也知道，Erika也会为她做很多事情。所以我们得知，她们都很珍视她们之间的这种友谊。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文在第三段第四段结尾都点名了中心。第三段段尾句意：电视剧告诉我们浪漫的关系有可能不会长久，但是我们要想生存一定要有好朋友。第四段段尾Jane说的话的意思是：生命中朋友有时比父母还重要，你不用花很多时间去向她们解释什么。她们也总是先知道你发生了什么事。这两个段尾句都在讲述朋友的重要性。故A选项正确。‎ C Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined （限于） to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.‎ At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be “getting old”. The disease was thought to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic （器官的） disease, that destroys brain cells.‎ Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking, and then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, numbers, names and plans.‎ As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms（症状） often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.‎ In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.‎ Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus （病毒）.It may be caused by a poisonous substance（物质） in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.‎ ‎8. The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease ________.‎ A. is a terrible part of the aging process B. can be cured by physical treatment C. is an organic disease that affects young and old D. causes forgetfulness ‎9. All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT________.‎ A. loss of sight B. difficulty in speaking C. forgetfulness D. loss of the ability to walk ‎10. According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease?‎ A. A virus B. Getting old.‎ C. .Poisons produced by the brain. D. Lack of exercise.‎ ‎11. The process of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.‎ A. operation B. a change in environment C. medicines D. physical treatment and exercise ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。前两段通过阿尔茨海默氏病人数和人群的现状证明了不是老年人才会患此病，第三四五段说明了这个病的三个发展阶段，最后一段说明了这个病的病因和治疗现状。病因还不明确，也没有完全的治愈方案，只能延缓病情。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章前两段点明中心，通过年龄低于65岁的阿尔茨海默氏病人数占了全部患此病人数一半的这个事实，引出了文章观点：阿尔茨海默氏病是一种器官疾病，年轻人和老人一样容易患此病。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从文章第三段可知，have trouble speaking（说话困难）和memory begins to fail（记忆力下降）是病情第一阶段症状。从文章第五段可知，lost the ability to speak and walk（丧失语言和行走能理）是病情发展的最后一个阶段。使用排除法，故A选项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从文章第六段中的“It may be caused by a virus.”可知，阿尔茨海默氏病可能是有一种病毒引起的。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从文章第六段中的“But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.”可知，运动和物理治疗可以延缓病情的发展。故D选项正确。‎ D Putting a dinosaur skeleton（骨架）together is not easy. The skeletons are usually very incomplete. Many dinosaur fossils（化石） are discovered badly damaged. Bones are often found crashed (压碎) or bent by the great weight of the dirt and rock above. Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together. This just adds to the confusion.‎ Unfortunately, some scientists have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs.‎ ‎ They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved. All of these descriptions are based on guesswork – the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur. Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg. Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts. The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.‎ Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like. That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right. Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information. No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living, breathing animals -- complete with skin, flesh, and color.‎ For instance imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock. One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground. You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton. And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was alive. But bones cannot tell the whole story. Even if you are a very good artist, it would be a miracle if you drew a tree picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.‎ ‎12. Which of the following is NOT a reason why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?‎ A. No one has seen a living dinosaur.‎ B. Dinosaur bones are too complicated when found.‎ C. Dinosaur bones are crushed or bent when found.‎ D. Dinosaur bones are mixed with other animals' bones when found.‎ ‎13. According to Paragraph 2, we can infer that _______.‎ A. the descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong information B. some scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaurs C. some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on facts D. the ideas of scientists are often proved wrong when more facts are discovered ‎14. Taking a peacock as an example, the author shows that________‎ A. it is easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton B. it is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton C. a very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacock D. it is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and one's imagination ‎15. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Why it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils.‎ B. How we can get right information about dinosaurs.‎ C. Why scientists can't give exact description of dinosaurs.‎ D. How we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。由于恐龙化石被发现时经常是被毁坏的，所以拼接恐龙骨架很难。而且科学家在描述恐龙时也是在仅有的几片化石上做猜想，经常被证明是错误的。再通过如果没有见过孔雀也很难画出孔雀的样子来举例，说明了为什么科学家无法精确地描述恐龙。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章第一段提出了为什么拼接恐龙骨架很难的物理原因：Many dinosaur fossils（化石） are discovered badly damaged（很多化石被发现时已经被严重毁坏了。）和Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together.（不同生物的化石混合在一起）。文章第二段提出了这个问题的人为原因：All of these descriptions are based on guesswork – the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.（所有的描述都是没有见过活恐龙的人们的想象）。利用排除法，故B选项正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从文章第二段中的“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork---the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.（所有的描述都是没有见过活恐龙的人们的想象）。”以及“The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.（当更多事实被发现时，科学家们的想法经常被证明是错误的）”可以推知，科学家们对恐龙的描述包含错误的信息。题干中有infer，是推断题，而D选项几乎是原文原句，不可以选。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章第四段提到peacock（孔雀），是为了证明第三段提出的观点：由于不知道恐龙长什么样子，也没有见过恐龙，所以关于恐龙的照片几乎没有一张是完全正确的。也就是说，仅仅依靠化石和想象，很难画出正确的图像。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文文章中心在第三段，第三段意思是：恐龙化石被发现时没有附有恐龙照片，所以没有一张恐龙图片是完全正确的，每张图片都包含一些错误的信息20世纪的科学家也没有见过有血有肉的恐龙。这些都是科学家无法正确描述恐龙的原因。故C选项正确。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Traveling can be a fun way to gain life experiences，especially during Spring Break﹣a week﹣long school vacation in the United States．But what if you're a student and don't have enough money for a trip?____16____‎ ‎●Save：This probably is the most important preparation for traveling._____17_____‎ ‎●Plan ahead：Don't wait until the last minute to plan your trip. Tickets may cost more when bought on short notice.____18____‎ ‎●Do your homework：No matter where you go,research the places you will visit．Decide what to see．Travel books will provide information on the cheapest hotels and restaurants.‎ ‎●Plan sensibly：Write down how much you expect to spend for food and hotels.Stick to your plan or you may not have enough money to cover everything.‎ ‎●Travel in groups：____19____ By traveling with others you can share costs and experiences．‎ ‎●Work as you go：Need more money to support your trip? Look for work in the places you visit．‎ ‎●Go off the beaten path：Tourist sites may be expensive.You may want to rethink your trip and go to a less﹣known area．Smaller towns can have many interesting activities and sights.‎ ‎●_____20_____：The most important things to take are not always clothes.‎ Remember medicine in case you get sick,and snacks in case you cannot find a cheap restaurant．‎ ‎●Use the Internet：The net can help to save money.Some useful websites include www.travelcity.corn, www.bargainslowestfare.corn and www.economictravelcity.com.‎ By planning sensibly,even students can enjoy the travel.Your travel experiences will be remembered for a lifetime.‎ A.Take clothes along B. Pack necessary things C. Don't worry. Here are some useful suggestions.‎ D. Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places.‎ E. Before the trip, the most important thing is to make the route.‎ F. Giving yourself several months to get ready can mean security and savings.‎ G. Cut expenses to fatten your wallet so you'll have more choices about where to go and how to get there.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. G ‎ ‎18. F 19. D ‎ ‎20. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。旅行是一种很有趣也很有意义的人生经历。本文给没有足够的钱去旅行的学生如何准备旅行提出了一些具体的建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 这题空格位于首段段尾。从文章总分总的结构可以看出，这句话引出下文的建议。浏览选项，选项C中“Here are some…”是比较经典的引出下文的句型。且其中的“some useful suggestions”与下文各项建议呼应。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 这题空格属于小标题下的细节句。小标题是“save（省钱）”，选项G中的“Cut expenses to fatten your wallet（节省开支来充实钱包）”与其呼应。由于小标题与所在段落内容应保持一致，故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 这题空格属于小标题下的细节句。小标题是“Plan ahead（提前计划）”，选项F中的“Giving yourself several months to get ready（给你自己几个月的时间去准备）”与其呼应。由于小标题与所在段落内容应保持一致，故选F。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 这题空格属于小标题下的细节句。小标题是“Travel in groups（成组旅行）”，选项D中的“Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places.（找到也想去你所想去的地方去旅行的人）”与其呼应。由于小标题与所在段落内容应保持一致，故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 这题空格位于小标题处。小标题是所在段落内容的中心，与所在段落内容一致。首先从前边几个小标题可以推断此处小标题应该是一个简短的祈使句，所以把答案可锁定在AB间。再根据选项B中的“necessary（必需的，必要的）”与空格后的“The most important things（最重要的事情）”呼应，所以可确定答案为B。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题目分为有小标题题和无小标题题。有小标题题是相对比较简单的。根据空格所在位置，一般可以分为总说处空格，总结处空格，小标题空格，小标题内空格。总说处空格引出下文内容，一般会有here are some…/ The followings are…等这样经典的引出下文的句型。例如本题中的第一题。总结处空格一般都会有像thus, as a result, so, therefore…这样明显的总结性词汇。小标题空格题与小标题内空格题一般可根据小标题与所在段落内容一致的原则得到答案，例如本题中的二三四五题。‎ 第二部分：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项。‎ Yesterday evening I was watching the evening news on television. The news was about a___21___for scientific discoveries. The announcer, whose name was Ralph Story,___22___something that caught my ___23___. “All great discoveries,” he said, “are made by people between the age of twenty-five and thirty.” Being a little over thirty myself, I wanted to ___24___with him. Nobody wants to think that he is past the age of making any ___25___. The next day I went to the public library, spending several hours looking up the ___26___ of famous people and their discoveries. Ralph was right.‎ First I looked at some of the ___27___discoveries. One of the earliest, the famous experiment that___28___　that bodies of different weight ___29___　at the same speed, was made by Galileo(伽利略) when he was 26. Madam Curie(居里夫人) started her research that led to a Nobel Prize when she was 28. Einstein(爱因斯坦) was 26 when he___30___his world-changing theory of relativity. Well, ___31___of that. Yet I wondered if those “best years” were true in other ___32___.‎ Then how about ___33___? Surely it needed the wisdom of age to make a good leader. Perhaps it ___34___, but look when these people ___35___their careers. Winston Churchill(丘吉尔) was elected to the House of Commons at the age of 26. Abraham Lincoln(林肯) ___36___the life of a country lawyer and was elected to the government at what age? Twenty-six.‎ But why don’t best years come after thirty? After thirty, I ___37___most people do not want to take risks or try new ways in their lives. Then I thought of those famous people___38___Shakespeare and Picasso. The former one was writing wonderful ___39___at the late age of fifty, ___40___the latter was still trying new ways of painting when he was ninety! Perhaps there is still hope for me.‎ ‎21. A. program B. conference C. prize D. report ‎22. A. studied B. said C. explained D. announced ‎23. A. mind B. care C. surprise D. attention ‎24. A. talk B. disagree C. meet D. advise ‎25. A. discovery B. chance C. research D. fortune ‎26. A. names B. theories C. ages D. achievements ‎27. A. scientific B. last C. oldest D. modern ‎28. A. predicted B. proved C. doubted D. told ‎29. A. fall B. move C. meet D. disappear ‎30. A. invented B. developed C. made D. published ‎31. A. lot B. plenty C. much D. all ‎32. A. fields B. science C. course D. ages ‎33. A. election B. leaders C. politics D. society ‎34. A. had B. made C. set D. did ‎35. A. finished B. started C. won D. defeated ‎36. A. led B. devoted C. gave up D. began ‎37. A. guess B. know C. agree D. believe ‎38. A. like B. to be C. as D. about ‎39. A. paintings B. idioms C. works D. poems ‎40. A. when B. while C. who D. after ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者在看新闻时，听到 “所有伟大的发现，都是被25到30岁的人们发现的。”这句话时，作者很不认同。就去图书馆查阅了科学领域，政治领域的一些杰出人物，发现他们的确都是在25~30岁左右成就了自己。作者很失望，不过最后作者还是想起了莎士比亚和毕加索，他们年龄很大时依然在创作，给了作者一些希望。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：新闻是关于科学发现的一个奖。A. program程序，计划；B. conference会议，讨论； C. prize奖品，奖赏；D. report报道。因为此题用的是for（为了…），所以不能选D。如果是report，应翻译为：关于…的报道。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：广播员Ralph说了一些吸引我注意的事情。这里的空格与下一句中的“said”呼应。A. studied学习；B. said说；C. explained解释；D. announced宣布。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：广播员Ralph说了一些吸引我注意的事情。catch one's attention（吸引了…的注意）是固定搭配，故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：自己三十过了一点，我不想赞同他。没有人想认为他自己过了发明的年龄。可知，作者不赞同广播员的说法。A. talk谈话，讨论；B. disagree不同意，不一致；C. meet遇见，对付；D. advise建议，劝告。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：没有人想认为他自己过了发明的年龄。这里的空格与与广播员说的“All great discoveries”中的discoveries呼应。A. discovery发现；B. chance机会；C. research研究；D. fortune财富，命运；故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：第二天，我去了公共图书馆，花了几个小时查阅名人和他们的发现的年龄。这里的空格与上一句中的“past the age of…”呼应。A. names名字； B. theories理论；C. ages年龄；D. achievements成就。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：首先，我查阅了一些科学发现。此处空格与第一段第二句中的“scientific discoveries”呼应。A. scientific科学的；B. last最后的；C. oldest最老的；D. modern现代的，近代的。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：最早的其中的一个，著名科学家伽利略26岁时证明了不同重量的物体自由落下的速度是一样的。A. predicted预计；B. proved证明；C. doubted怀疑；D. told告诉。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：最早的其中的一个，著名科学家伽利略26岁时证明了不同重量的物体自由落下的速度是一样的。A. fall落下；B. move移动；C. meet遇见； D. disappear消失。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：爱因斯坦发表改变世界的相对理论的时候26岁。A. invented发明； B. developed开发，进步；C. made整理，制造；D. published出版，发表。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：好啦，已经足够多的例子了。A. lot大量，许多； B. plenty 足够；C. much很多；D. all全部。故选B。‎ ‎32题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，我想在其它领域这个最好的年龄是不是真的呢？这里的空格与“scientific discoveries”呼应。A. fields领域；B. science科学；C. course科目，课程；D. ages年龄。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：那么政治领域是什么样的呢：这个空格与本段后两句中的“elected to the government（选为政府官员）”呼应。A. election选举，当选；B. leaders领导人；C. politics政治；D. society社会。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查助动词。句意：可能真的需要年龄的智慧，但是我们看看这些人什么时候开始的他们的事业。这里的空格是替代了“needed the wisdom of age（需要年龄的智慧）”。由于“needed”是实义动词，所以用did替代。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：可能真的需要年龄的智慧，但是我们看看这些人什么时候开始的他们的事业。这里的空格与下边的“was elected（被选为）”呼应，意为开始事业。A. finished完成；B. started开始；C. won赢得；D. defeated击败，战胜。故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：林肯放弃乡村律师生活然后被选为官员是在什么年龄呢？ And前后连接了两个相反关系的词。A. led领导，通向； B. devoted致力于，奉献于；C. gave up放弃；D. began开始。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：过了三十，我相信很多人不想在生活中冒险或者去尝试新方法。A. guess猜测，认为；B. know知道，认识；C. agree同意D. believe相信。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：我想起了像莎士比亚和毕加索这样的名人。famous people与Shakespeare and Picasso是举例关系。A. like像……一样；B. to be成为；C. as作为，以…….身份;D. about关于。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：前者在50岁多的时候还在写很多伟大的作品…….。‎ A. paintings绘画，油画；B. idioms成语，习语；C. works作品，工厂；D. poems诗歌。莎士比亚的作品有诗歌有戏剧。D选项表达片面。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：前者在50岁多的时候还在写很多伟大的作品，然而后者在90岁的时候还在尝试新的绘画方法。前后句是并列对比关系。A. when 当……的时候，引导时间状语从句；B. while然而（并列连词），当……的时候（引导时间状语从句）；C. who谁，什么人；D. after在……之后。故选B。‎ 第II 卷（共80分）‎ 第一节：语法填空 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1词）或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。‎ No trip would be complete without experiencing the local food culture. Actually, China has various kinds of delicious food, including a wide variety of local snacks.‎ For most of the foreigners I contacted, and myself ______41______ (include), Peking Duck, Mongolian Hot Pot are the favourite Chinese dishes. China is a place ______42______ the food is not only delicious, but the ______43______(cheap) I’ve ever found.‎ ‎______44______ my last night in Beijing before ______45______ (return) to the States, I went to a Peking Duck restaurant that had been suggested for me to try. What a beautiful place! Splendid woodblock prints on the walls, fresh flowers in the vases, ______46______(attract) silverware (银餐具) and beautiful chopsticks. I was handed ______47______ menu and found most of the prices were especially low for the high quality of the food. The lucky came in whole or half, along with all the little decorations - a little tortilla (玉米粉圆饼) to put the sliced cluck and vegetables in, chopped onion and sauce.‎ Anyway, I ordered a whole duck, thinking I’d just take the rest back to my hotel ______48______(eat) later if I couldn’t finish it. ______49______(believable), in the end there was none of the whole duck ______50______(leave) on the plate.‎ ‎【答案】41. included ‎ ‎42. where 43. cheapest ‎ ‎44. On 45. returning ‎ ‎46. attractive ‎ ‎47. a 48. to eat ‎ ‎49. Unbelievably ‎ ‎50. left ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者认为如果在旅行中没有体验当地美食，那这次旅行是不完整的。中国美食不仅好吃，价格也便宜。并分享了自己在回国前一晚去一个北京烤鸭餐厅吃烤鸭的经历。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：对于我接触到的很多外国人，包括我自己，北京烤鸭和蒙古火锅是最受喜欢的中国美食。由于myself与include是被动关系（我被包含在内），故填include的过去分词included。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：中国是一个不仅食物好吃，并且我到目前发现的食物最便宜的一个地方。这是一个定语从句，先行词是place，故填关系词where。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是一个不仅食物好吃，并且我到目前发现的食物最便宜的一个地方。由“I’ve ever found（我至今发现过的）”可知，这里填形容词最高级。故填cheapest。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查介词。night/morning/noon等词前加修饰词表强调在某一个特定的时间，要用介词on。空格后的night前有修饰词my，last，故填On。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：返回美国前在北京的最后一个晚上，我去了别人早建议我去试试的一个北京烤鸭店。“before（在……之前）”在这里是一个介词，其后直接跟动词的时候需要用动名词形式。故填returning。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：多么美丽的地方！墙上有非常好的木制字体，花瓶里有新鲜的花，还有引人注目的银餐具和美丽的筷子。这里的空格与splendid，fresh是三个并列的形容词。故填attractive。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词。句意：他们交给我一个菜单，我发现对于这样高质量的食物，大多数价格都是相当低的。“menu”第一次出现，不是特指，是泛指。故填a。‎ ‎48题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：无论如何，我点了一只整的烤鸭，想着如果吃不完就把剩下的带会旅馆晚些吃。这里用不定式作目的状语，故填to eat。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：不可思议，最后盘子里整只烤鸭一点也没有剩下。这里的空格修饰整句话，需要用副词。故填Unbelievably。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：不可思议，最后盘子里整只烤鸭一点也没有剩下。“none of the whole duck”与“leave”之间是被动关系（被剩下），故填left。‎ 第二节：单句语法填空（共20个小题，每小题1.5分；满分30分）‎ 在空白处填入适当的内容（1词）或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。‎ ‎51. The river ____________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.‎ ‎52. When he saw the dog, the little boy stood there with a ___________ (frighten) expression on ‎ his face.‎ ‎53. He had a bad cold, because he was _________ (catch) in the heavy rain on his way home after school.‎ ‎54. In order to join the school basketball team, Bill has been doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ____________ (strong).‎ ‎55. Hillary Clinton is an ____________ (influence) politician in America.‎ ‎56. Air is really important ____________ which man can’t live.‎ ‎57. In the future, care for the environment will become very important with natural resources ____________ ( run) out.‎ ‎58. You can rely on ___________ that all the goods are delivered on time.‎ ‎59. A great many visitors come to visit the church ___________(date) from the 13th century, which has brought large income to the local government.‎ ‎60. Another new freeway is under ___________(construct).‎ ‎61. The number of smokers, ___________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.‎ ‎62. Doctors suggest ___________(take) exercise regularly.‎ ‎63. In the school table tennis competition, she ___________(narrow) won the championship.‎ ‎64. I had an ___________(argue) with her about the amount of money she owed me.‎ ‎65. We should show respect ___________ the people with great contributions to human beings.‎ ‎66. It is reported that the police will soon look ___________ the case of the two missing children.‎ ‎67. ___________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.‎ ‎68. I couldn’t have enjoyed myself ___________(much) - it was a perfect day.‎ ‎69. She was on the point of going out ___________ the telephone rang.‎ ‎70. Nearly half a million people appear ___________(leave) their homes in the past months as a result of the disaster.‎ ‎【答案】51. whose ‎ ‎52. frightened ‎ ‎53. caught 54. strength ‎ ‎55. influential ‎ ‎56. without ‎ ‎57. running ‎ ‎58. it 59. dating ‎ ‎60. construction ‎ ‎61. as 62. taking ‎ ‎63. narrowly ‎ ‎64. argument ‎ ‎65. for 66. into ‎ ‎67. Ordered ‎ ‎68. more 69. when ‎ ‎70. to have left.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：岸边都是树的这条河流向大海。先行词是river（河），bank（岸）与其是所属关系。故填whose。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查过去分词的形容词用法。句意：当这个小男孩看见狗时，他一脸害怕的表情站在那里。这里的形容词用来修饰the little boy，意为小男孩被吓得害怕了，故填frightened。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：他得了重感冒，因为昨天放学回家的路上他淋了大雨。“be caught in the rain”意为“被雨淋着了”。故填caught。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：为了参加校篮球队，比尔已经开始在做很多身体锻炼去增强力量。“build up one’s strength”意为“增强力量”。故填strength。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：希拉里克林顿在美国是一位很有影响力的政治人物。故填influential。‎ ‎56题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：空气真的很重要，没有它人类无法生存。故填without。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查with独立主格结构。句意：随着自然资源的耗尽，将来对环境的关心将会变的更加重要。With独立主格结构作伴随状语。自然资源（natural resources）耗尽（run out）是一个主动的过程，故填running。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查it的特殊用法。句意：你可以相信所有货物都会按时到达。rely on it that为固定句型，意为相信。故填it。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查现在分词作定语。句意：很多游客都来参观那座可追溯到13世纪的教堂，这给地方政府带来了巨大的收入。date from…= date back to…意为“追溯到……，从…时开始有”；该短语没有被动语态，也没有进行时。本句中的date from修饰名词the church，两者构成主动关系，故使用现在分词短语在句中做定语。故填dating。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：另一条新高速公路正在建设中。“under construction”意为“（正在） 修建中”，故填construction。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：据报道，烟民的人数仅仅一年内已经降了17%。“as is reported（据报道）”是定语从句，也是一种常用表达。故填as。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：医生建议经常运动。“suggest doing sth.（建议做某事）”与“suggest sb. doing sth.（建议某人做某事）”是两种常用表达方式。故填taking。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：在学校乒乓球比赛中，她以微弱优势赢得了冠军。空格修饰动词won，需用副词形式。故填narrowly。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我和她对于她欠我多少钱发生了争吵。不定冠词修饰名词，故填argument。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：我们应该向为人类做出重大贡献的人表示尊敬。“show respect to…”意为“通过行动表达尊敬某人”；“show respect for…”意为“对某人心存尊敬感激，但不一定通过行动表达”。故填for。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：据报道，警察很快就会调查两名失踪儿童的案件。“look into”意为“调查；观察”，故填into。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：一周前就订购的书很快就该到了。The books与order之间是被动关系，故填Ordered。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查副词比较级。句意：我不能玩的再开心了，那是完美的一天。“couldn’t …+‎ 形容词比较级”意为：再……不过。“much”的比较级为more，故填more。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查状语从句的连词。句意：电话响起的时候，她正要出门。“当……时”一般可用when或者while。“while”一般用持续性动词做谓语，“when”表示时间点时用短暂性动词，表示时间段时用持续性动词。“the telephone rang（电话响起）”表达短暂性动作，故填when。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：灾难后的几个月内，将近50万人好像离开了他们的家园。“appear to do”意为“好像要做某事”，“appear to have done”意为“好像已经做完了”，‎ 离开他们家过去几个月内，故填to have left。‎ 第三节： 短文改错 （满分10分）‎ ‎71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Li Ming is a friend of mine. I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before. He got tired so easy that he couldn't take exercise, that made him very upset. Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So, he made up his minds to make a change. He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.‎ ‎【答案】1. 在changed前加has；2. before→ago；3. easy→easily；4. that→which；5. unless→if；6. achieve→achieving；7. minds→mind；8. 把basketball前的the去掉；9. or→and；10. it→them ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.根据in the past two years可知，句子用现在完成时态，故在changed前加has。‎ ‎2.句意：我记得两年前他很胖。句子用一般过去时态，表示两年前用two years ago，故把before改为ago。‎ ‎3.副词修饰动词，故把easy改为easily。‎ ‎4.整个句子作先行词，后面是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子用which；故that改为which。‎ ‎5.句意：后来，他意识到如果继续像那样。此处是if引导的宾语从句，表“如果”，故unless改为if。‎ ‎6.固定搭配：end up doing sth.以做某事而结束，故把achieve改为achieving。‎ ‎7.固定词组：make up one’s mind下决心。故把minds改为mind。‎ ‎8.固定结构：play basketball打篮球。play和球类连用不用冠词，故把play the basketball中的the去掉。‎ ‎9.句意：更多的蔬菜和较少的的肉。故or改为and。‎ ‎10.因为前半句的problems是名词复数，所以后面用them替代，故it改为them。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 与现在完成时态连用的时间有since（自从……以来）；lately（近来，最近）；so far（到目前为止）；in (during)the last(past) few years（在最近的几年里）等。He has lived here since he was born。本题第1小题含有时间状语in the past two years（在最近的两年里），故句子应用现在完成时态。‎ 第四节：书面表达（满分25分)‎ ‎72.假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark希望向你了解国画的有关知识，已约定见面时间，现你因故需要推迟。请给Mark写一封邮件，说明情况。要点包括：‎ ‎1. 表示歉意；‎ ‎2. 说明原因；‎ ‎3. 重约见面讨论的时间。‎ 提示词：国画 traditional Chinese paintings 要求：1. 词数100左右 ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 Dear Mark,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mark,‎ I’m writing to express my regret for being unable to keep my appointment to discuss the traditional Chinese paintings with you. I feel terribly sorry about it and want you to know what happened.‎ What makes me concerned is that my final exam will be held in two weeks, so I have to make preparations for it at that time. Could we make another appointment to discuss the traditional Chinese paintings together? I suggest we put it off from this weekend until the first Sunday next month. Will that be fine for you?‎ I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Your sincerely,‎ LiHua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封道歉信。‎ 第1步：审题。确定时态。根据提示：你给Mark现在写一封邮件，说明情况，并重约见面讨论的时间。时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第2步：确定文章框架和内容。信件内容分为三段：首段表示歉意，第二段说明原因以及再约的希望，第三段再次表示歉意以及希望收到回复。‎ 第3步：确定关键词（组）。如：express my regret for…（对……感到抱歉），keep my appointment（按时赴约），what makes me concerned (让我感到担心的是…)，make another appointment（再约），put it off from …until… (从…推迟到…)等。‎ 第4步：对写作要点遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第5步： 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ 本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。符合英语表达习惯，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，段落清晰，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。文章首句动名词（for being unable to…）与不定式（my appointment to discuss…）使用地很巧妙，整句话清晰的表达了写信的目的。第二段首句使用了主语从句和表语从句，还使用了并列连词so，将意思表达的清晰完整。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。且全文语句间过渡自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎