专题01 名词和冠词（仿真押题）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题 （解析版）

专题01 名词和冠词（仿真押题）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题 （解析版）

一、语法填空 ‎1．The blood on his shoes and the fingerprint on the scene were ________(proof) of his guilt.‎ ‎【答案】proofs ‎2．She seemed to know when I was asking for advices and when I just needed a good cry. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：她好像知道我什么时候在寻求建议，什么时候仅仅需要好好地哭一场。advice为不可数名词。‎ ‎【答案】advices→advice ‎3．The book gives a detailed ________(explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.‎ ‎【解析】根据空格前的detailed可知，空格处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。‎ ‎【答案】explanation ‎4． was always checking the time and thinking of future ________(plan)．‎ ‎【解析】句意：我总是核对时间，想未来的计划。应用复数形式。‎ ‎【答案】plans ‎5．Who choose to be happy must help others to find ________(happy)，for the welfare of each is bound up with the welfare of all.‎ ‎【解析】find sth.找到……，后面应用名词，故填happiness。‎ ‎【答案】happiness ‎6．When you meet ________new word，look it up in your dictionary.‎ ‎【解析】一个新单词，故用a。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎7．Make sure that as you read，you make ________quick note of what happens in each chapter.‎ ‎【解析】make a note of sth.记录……‎ ‎【答案】a ‎8． He became one of ________ most popular stars of American television.‎ ‎【解析】形容词popular前有最高级修饰，用定冠词the。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎9．Most seriously，relying on smart phones to make friends does not give us ________ same advantage as making new friends in the real world.‎ ‎【解析】same前要有定冠词the。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎10. ________first time I stood in front of a large group of students to give a speech，I felt a little nervous.‎ ‎【解析】考查the first time这一句式。‎ ‎【答案】The 二、单句改错 ‎1．Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall. ____________‎ ‎【解析】由句意可知，此处动词caused后面应用名词作宾语，且形容词public也修饰名词，故将angry改成anger。‎ ‎【答案】angry→anger ‎2．The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. ____________‎ ‎【解析】句意：我们呼吸的空气正变的越来越脏。air作“空气”讲时为不可数名词。 ‎ ‎19．Two ___________ died in the fire.‎ A. scores of people B. score of people C. scores of peoples D. score of peoples ‎【答案】B ‎20．“I don’t think it’s my ________ that the window suddenly broke. I just opened it, that’s all,” said the boy in tears.‎ A. error B. fault C. mistake D. duty ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此题考查“error”“mistake”“fault”的区别，根据题意可知这个错误带有责任，因此应该用fault，而error主要是技术上的错误错误，mistake不带含责任意味。因此选B。‎ ‎21．A ______ has been launched (发起) by the netzens on the Net to ______ unhealthy information which does harm to young students. ‎ A. struggle; rid of B. campaign; get rid of ‎ C. battle; rid of D. fight; get rid of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】名词struggle斗争，campaign运动，活动；battle战役；fight战斗；短语get rid of清除；rid sb of sth清除某人某物；句意：在网上网民发起了一起活动清除那些对年轻人有害的信息。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎22．Clinical evidence began to ______,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.‎ A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. operate 操作，运转；B. strengthen加强；C. approve批准，赞成；D. accumulate积累。句意：临床证据开始积累，表明这种新药比根据在动物身上的实验所预计的有更广范围的使用。根据句意选D.‎ ‎23．Lots of campaigns have occurred in China to defend the Nansha Islands recently. What is your ________ of the situation?‎ A. intention B. assessment C. attitude D. appointment ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. intention打算；B. assessment评估，评价；C. attitude态度；D. appointment任命，约定。句意：最近，在中国发生了很多活动去捍卫南沙群岛。你对这种境况是什么评价？B项符合语境。‎ ‎24． In my opinion, what he told us just now about it simply doesn’t make any _______. ‎ A. thought B. ideaC. sense D. point ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：在我看来，他刚才告诉我们的事情一点意义也没有。A意思；B想法，主意；C感觉，意义；D观点，意义。make sense有道理，讲得通，don’t make any sense=" make" no sense没意义，故选C。‎ ‎25．Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.‎ A. explanations B. instructions ‎ C. descriptions D. introductions ‎【答案】B ‎26．When I came back home, I wrote him a letter to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness.‎ A. appreciation B. agreement C. attention D. achievement ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：当我到家的时候，我写给他一封信表达我对他的周全考虑的感激之情。A项表示“欣赏，感激”；B项是“同意，一致”之意；C项表示“注意”；D项是“成就”，故选A项适合。‎ ‎27．With strong __________ to go to Tsinghua University, he is working very hard.‎ A．dream B．determination ‎ C．attitude D．quality ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：有很强的要上清华大学的决心，她正努力的学习着。A．dream梦，梦想；B．determination决心；C．attitude态度；D．quality质量。根据句意可知这里选B正确。‎ ‎28． If you want to do international trade successfully, ______ of English is _______. ‎ A. good command; a must B. a good command; a need ‎ C. a good command; a must D. good command; must ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】a good command of English 精通英语，a must一个必备的东西，句意是;如果你想成功的做国际贸易，精通英语是必备的。选C。‎ ‎29．The difficulty which we had ______ with the local people has been removed.‎ A. communication B. communicated ‎ C. communicating D. to communicate ‎【答案】C ‎30．It was ________ hot weather that he went for a swim.‎ A．such a B．such C．very D．very a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查固定结构such/so... that用法辨析。句意：天气如此之热以至于他去游泳了。这里weather是不可数名词，故用such。选B。‎ ‎31．________ is the study of living things.‎ A. Biology B. Philosophy C. Psychology D. Chemistry ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. Biology生物；B. Philosophy哲学；C. Psychology心理学；D. Chemistry化学。句意：生物学是对活物的研究。故选A。‎ ‎32．The Australian boy has a good ________ of Chinese and can communicate with others freely.‎ A. request B. command C. accent D. usage ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. request“请求，要求”；B. command“控制；命令”；C. demand“要求；需求”； D. usage“使用，用法”。“have (a) good command of”意为“（尤指对语言的）掌控”，表示能力。句意：这个澳大利亚男孩精通汉语，能自如地和他人进行交流。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎33． It is ______ pity that the industrial cities built in ______ nineteenth century don’t attract visitors.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：这座在19世纪建设的工业城市不能吸引游客正是一件遗憾的事情啊！。a pity一件遗憾的事；序数词前面用定冠词the。故选A。‎ ‎34．For some actors and actresses, ________ stage is just ________means of making a living.‎ A. a; aB. the; aC. the; the D. a; the ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：对于一些演员来说，舞台只是一种谋生的方式。第一空是针对演员来说故应该是特定的，故用定冠词“the”；第二空是短语“a means of…”表示“一种…的方式”；故B项适合。‎ ‎35．In communication, a smile is usually ________ strong sign of a friendly and ________ open attitude.‎ A. the, / B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an ‎【答案】C ‎36．We urge ________ extreme caution in ________ use of this medicine, which has not been officially approved yet.‎ A. an; the B. an; 不填 C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我们强烈建议使用这种药要极端谨慎，这种药还没有被正式批准。caution为不可数，不用冠词修饰；第二个空特指这种药物的使用。故选C项。‎ ‎37．The Evening Party, turning out to be ________ great success, came to ________ end after midnight.‎ A. a; an B. /; an C. /; / D. the; an ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】第一空：抽象名词具体化，a success一个成功的人，一件成功的事；第二空：固定搭配come to an end结束。故选A。‎ ‎38．As we should know, animals are not necessarily ________ lower form of life than ________ man.‎ A. a; the B. the; the C. a; / D. /; /‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我们应该知道，动物是一种比人类稍低的生命形式。第一空表达“一种……”，所以要用不定冠词。第二空Man,专指人类，其前不用冠词。‎ ‎39．You made the same mistake for second time, dropping “n” in the word “government”.‎ A. a, the B. a , a C. the, an D. a, an ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：你第二次犯了同样的错误，在单词“government”中少写了一个字母“n”。for a second time再次；字母“n”的发音为[en],故用an。‎ ‎40．Dr. Peter Spence, ______ headmaster of the school, told us, “______ fifth of pupils here go to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”‎ A. / ; A B. / ; The C. the; The D. a; A ‎【答案】A ‎41．In ________ 1600’s, Shakespeare made use of ________ wider vocabulary than ever before.‎ A. the; / B./ ;/ C. the; a D./; a ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】第一空in the 1600’s表示“在17世纪”，是固定用法；第二空vocabulary一般按不可数的抽象名词对待，但是当抽象名词带有修饰性的定语时就被具体化为区别于其他同类事物的另一种。此处的vocabulary 前有 wider 修饰，意思是相对于 narrower vocabulary（不够宽泛的词汇）的另一种“更为宽泛的词汇”，因此前面需要加不定冠词a。句意：在17世纪，莎士比亚用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。故C正确。 ‎ ‎【答案】days ‎61．You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose book that is not too difficult.‎ ‎【解析】泛指“一本”不太难的书，故填不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎62．I often listen to Mozart or Bach in the evening after hard day at work.‎ ‎【解析】泛指“一天”的辛苦工作之后，填不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎63．He took deep breath as he opened the exam paper handed to him.‎ ‎【解析】take a deep breath“深吸一口气”是固定词组，需加不定冠词。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎64．The students returned to school with sense of achievement, a feeling that they helped people in need.‎ ‎【解析】a sense of achievement“成就感”是固定词组。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎65．There once lived a boy named Woo Sing, whose father brought home a mirror. Woo Sing had never seen one before so when he saw it for first time, he didn't understand what it was...‎ ‎【解析】for the first time“第一次”是固定词组。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎66．“Could you give me hand, Mr. Grasshopper？” asked the ant.‎ ‎【解析】give sb. a hand“帮助某人”是固定搭配。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎67．Experts hope whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.‎ ‎【解析】the whole society/country/school/village＝all the people in it为固定用法。‎ ‎【答案】the ‎68. Others think differently. First, the cellphone is not must in school, as there are some IC phones there...‎ ‎【解析】这里的a must意为“一种必需品”。must作名词，指“必需做/看/听/学/用/带的事物”。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎69． The policy was later relaxed. Parents who were both only children in their family could have second child.‎ ‎【解析】在序数词前用不定冠词，表示“再，又”。句意是：双独的父母可以再生一个孩子。‎ ‎【答案】a ‎70．When International Olympic Committee chose Rio de Janeiro, cheering people flooded the city's streets.‎ ‎【答案】the 二、单句改错 ‎1． A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa last Friday, causing 4 death. ‎ ‎【解析】death表示“死亡人数”时为可数概念，根据题意用复数形式。‎ ‎【答案】death→deaths ‎2．For students, no matter how busy they are, it is necessary to spare some time to do exercises. ‎ ‎【解析】exercise意为“锻炼”时为不可数名词，不加s。‎ ‎【答案】exercises→exercise ‎3．As a student, what can we do to guarantee our safe？ ‎ ‎【解析】该词前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，后面应为名词。‎ ‎【答案】safe→safety ‎4．With this survey, two thousands senior middle school students from ten schools in Lanzhou were interviewed. ‎ ‎【解析】表示几千、thousand后有具体数词时，thousand不能加s；表示数以千计，用thousands of。‎ ‎【答案】thousands→thousand ‎5．My young cousin Tom seems to have endless question to ask every day. ‎ ‎【解析】表示有“问不完的问题”，question应用复数形式。‎ ‎【答案】question→questions ‎6．This morning I went to a nearby food store to buy some breads. ‎ ‎【解析】bread为不可数名词，故把breads改为bread。‎ ‎【答案】breads→bread ‎7．As a student, we must finish our homeworks. ‎ ‎【解析】homework为不可数名词，故把homeworks改为homework。‎ ‎【答案】homeworks→homework ‎8．It was a long walk to the repairer shop. ‎ ‎【解析】表示“修理工的商店”应用repairer的所有格形式。‎ ‎【答案】repairer→repairer's ‎9．It is my grandfather's eighty birthday today. ‎ ‎【解析】表示多少岁生日应用序数词，需注意eighty变为序数词时把y改为ieth。‎ ‎【答案】eighty→eightieth ‎10．Just then, a man in his early twenty came up and paid for her. ‎ ‎【答案】twenty→twenties ‎11．It was an end of my first day as a waitress in a busy restaurant. ‎ ‎【解析】此处特指的是my first day的结束，故把an改为the。‎ ‎【答案】an→the ‎12．To make our city the better place to live in, we still have a lot to do. ‎ ‎【解析】此处表示更好的一个地方，故把the改为a。‎ ‎【答案】the→a ‎13．Living without an aim is like sailing without compass. ‎ ‎【解析】compass为可数名词，表示泛指时单数名词前应用不定冠词a。在此处compass指的是一种工具而不是发明物。‎ ‎【答案】在compass前加a ‎14．The following months witnessed my efforts, and I finally made a great progress in other important exams. ‎ ‎【解析】make progress“取得进步”，progress为不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词。‎ ‎【答案】去掉a ‎15．He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. ‎ ‎【解析】球类活动前不加冠词，故去掉basketball前面的the。‎ ‎【答案】去掉the ‎16．Knocked unconscious, the person was sent to a nearest hospital immediately. ‎ ‎【解析】形容词最高级前应加定冠词，故把a改为the。‎ ‎【答案】a→the ‎17．I think it is the good thing for the workforce to be flexible. ‎ ‎【解析】表示“是一件好事情”为泛指，故good thing前应用不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】第一个the→a ‎18．Studying at an university in the UK has been a good experience for me. ‎ ‎【解析】university虽然是以元音字母开头，但却是以辅音音素开头，故其前面的不定冠词应用a。‎ ‎【答案】an→a ‎19． We should take active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark that is true as well as good. ‎ ‎【答案】在active前加an ‎20．It's true that almost everyone hopes for the better tomorrow such as a well－paid job and a happy family. ‎ ‎【解析】此处表示“一个更好的明天”，tomorrow为泛指，其前应用不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】the→a