高考英语一轮总复习考点集训三十三一名词牛津译林版

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高考英语一轮总复习考点集训三十三一名词牛津译林版

考点集训(三十三) 一、名词 对应学生用书p339‎ Ⅰ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.Thetwo____________(factory) weremovedoutsidethecitylastyear.‎ ‎2.Withoutpassion, peoplewon’thavethe____________(motivate) orthejoynecessaryforcreativethinking.‎ ‎3.Then, handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof____________(achieve).‎ ‎4.Atsomepointweneedtomakesurethatour____________(expect) arethesameasour____________(friend) expectations.‎ ‎5.WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith____________(patient).‎ ‎6.Wearetryingtoreduce____________(poor) andincreasepeople’sincome.‎ ‎7.Toourgreat____________(relieve), theaccidentcausedlittledamage.‎ ‎8.Theyarebusymaking____________(prepare) forthewedding.‎ ‎9.Weshouldlookuptohimasashiningexampleof____________(devote) toduty.‎ ‎10.People’s____________(choose) ofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies’ reactionstowardsthem.‎ ‎11.Keepitinmindthateveryonehas____________(strong) andweaknesses.‎ ‎12.Noofficial____________(permit) hasbeengivenfortheeventtotakeplace.‎ ‎13.Wehavereducedairpollutionthroughmany____________(strategy).‎ ‎14.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe____________(develop) ofchopsticks.‎ ‎15.—Whywasitthatyoulostallyour____________(key)?‎ ‎—Itwasbecauseofmycarelessness.‎ ‎16.Whenyouseethesunlight, ____________(passerby) ortreesoutsidemightmakeyoumoreawareofhowyoulook, ormightmakeyouthinkaboutwalking.‎ 7‎ ‎17.Youshouldtakemore____________(exercise).Don'talwayssitatthedeskbusydoingyour____________(exercise).‎ ‎18.Thesistersweretreatedaslocal____________(hero) afterrescuingatwoyearoldboyfromtheriver.‎ ‎19.Her____________(tooth) arefalse, buttheylookverynatural.‎ ‎20.The____________(deer) intheforestarealldyingofffromdisease.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.factories。句意:这两家工厂去年搬到城外去了。根据two可知此处用名词复数,故答案为factories。‎ ‎2.motivation。句意:没有激情,人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。根据空前的the可知,应填名词motivation“动力”。‎ ‎3.achievement。句意:首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词,arealsenseofachievement意为“一种真实的成就感”。故填achievement。‎ ‎4.expectations; friends’。句意:在某种意义上来讲,我们需要确保我们的期望与朋友们的期望相同。根据前面的our可知,此处用expect的名词形式,另由于谓语是复数,故应该用复数形式。第二空考查名词所有格,修饰复数名词所有格先加s后加’。故第一空填expectations,第二空填friends’。‎ ‎5.patience。句意:无论什么时候我犯了错,老师总是耐心地把它们指出来。介词后需要接名词,故填patience“耐心”。‎ ‎6.poverty。句意:我们正在努力减少贫困,增加人民的收入。根据句意可知应填名词poverty“贫困”,做宾语。‎ ‎7.relief。句意:令我们大为欣慰的是,事故造成的损害很小。固定短语toone’srelief“使人安心的是……;令人欣慰的是……”,故填名词relief。‎ ‎8.preparations。句意:他们正忙着为婚礼做准备。固定短语makepreparationsfor“为……做准备”,故填preparations。‎ ‎9.devotion。句意:他是一个忠于职守的模范,我们应该尊敬他。介词of后面加动词ing或名词形式,故填devotion。‎ ‎10.choice。句意:人们对颜色的选择也受身体对颜色的反应的影响。根据前面的people’s可知,后面应该用名词形式,choose的名词为choice。故填choice。‎ ‎11.strengths。句意:记住,‎ 7‎ 每个人都有优点和缺点。根据下文并列结构andweaknesses可知应填名词复数形式strengths“优点;长处”。‎ ‎12.permission。句意:这次活动还没有得到官方的批准。official为形容词,修饰名词,故填permission“批准;许可”。‎ ‎13.strategies。句意:我们通过很多策略来减少空气污染。前面的many提示了应该是多种办法,故填strategies。‎ ‎14.development。句意:有些人认为伟大的中国学者孔子生活在公元前551年至公元前479年,他影响了筷子的发展。根据空前的“the”及空后的“of”可知,此处应填develop的名词形式,故填development。‎ ‎15.keys。由其前的all可知是丢失了所有的钥匙,不止一把,故填keys。‎ ‎16.passersby。passerby为可数名词,此处应用复数。‎ ‎17.exercise; exercises。exercise作“运动”讲时,是不可数名词。作“练习”讲时,是可数名词。‎ ‎18.heroes。由Thesisters可知hero要用复数。hero,tomato,potato的复数形式是在后面加es。‎ ‎19.teeth。由are可知tooth要用复数形式teeth。‎ ‎20.deer。由are可知deer要用复数,但deer,sheep等词的复数形式与单数形式相同。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每题只有一个错误)。‎ ‎1.Ifwegoonatripabroad, wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.‎ ‎2.LastwinterwhenIwentthereagain, theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.‎ ‎3.Shewentintomyroomandgotabigsurprisingwhenshesawallthosebooksonthefloor.‎ ‎4.WhenIwaslittle, Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper, wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortsinthesittingroom.‎ ‎5.Whatisamotto? It’ssomethingthathasaspecialmean.‎ ‎6.Oneofthebooksexplaininghowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiescaughtmyeyes.‎ ‎7.Sheclearedherthroat, tookoffherglassanddriedhertears.‎ ‎8.Thenewreporthasgreatsignificantforthenextstepofeconomicdevelopment.‎ 7‎ ‎9.It’snecessaryandusefulforustoreadorevenrecitebeautifulEnglisharticleswherewecanlearnusefulstructuresofsentence.‎ ‎10.Oncehemadeuphismindstodosomething, therewasnostoppinghim.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.knowledges改为knowledge。句意:如果我们出国旅行,我们可以开阔视野,获得书本上学不到的知识。knowledge为不可数名词,没有复数形式。故将knowledges改为knowledge。‎ ‎2.chicken改为chickens。句意:去年冬天我再去那里的时候,他们有一个单独的大房子,养了几十只鸡。根据前文的dozensof可知,其后用名词复数形式,所以chicken改成chickens。‎ ‎3.surprising改为surprise。句意:她走进我的房间,看到地板上的那些书时,感到很惊讶。getabigsurprise“大吃一惊”,这里用名词做宾语,所以surprising改成surprise。‎ ‎4.Friday’s改为Friday。句意:在我小时候,星期五晚上是我们家庭的游戏之夜。晚饭过后,我们将在客厅里玩各种各样的纸牌游戏。名词做定语,往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格做定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”,并不是所有关系,故将Friday’s改为Friday。‎ ‎5.mean改为meaning。句意:格言是什么?格言是有特别意义的话。mean是动词,意为“打算,意味着”,而这里做宾语,要用名词形式,mean的名词形式是meaning,意为“意义,含义”。故将mean改为meaning。‎ ‎6.eyes改为eye。句意:有一本书引起了我的注意,这本书解释了如何减少因生育和照料婴儿而导致的死亡率。catchsb.’seye固定短语,“吸引某人的注意”,故将eyes改为eye。‎ ‎7.glass改为glasses。句意:她清了清嗓子,摘下眼镜,擦干眼泪。根据语境可知,此处用glasses,意为“眼镜”,而glass常用作物质名词,意为“玻璃”,所以glass改成glasses。‎ ‎8.significant改成significance。句意:这个新报告对下一步的经济发展有重大意义。此处需要用名词做has的宾语。故将significant改为significance。‎ 7‎ ‎9.sentence改为sentences。分析句子可知,是不只一种句子结构,故sentence要用复数形式。故将sentence改为sentences。‎ ‎10.minds改为mind。句意:他一旦下定决心做某事,没有什么可以阻止他。句中的thereisnostoppingsb.是习惯用法,意为“什么都无法阻止某人”;makeupone’smind为固定短语,意为“下定决心”,所以minds改成mind。‎ Ⅲ.在空白处填入所给词的正确形式。‎ Passage1‎ TheInternethasbecomepartofyoung1.____________(people) life.Areportshowsthat38%of2.____________(student) oftenusetheInternet.Mostofthemgetuseful3.____________(inform) ontheInternetandusetheInternettohelpintheir4.____________(study).Butmanystudentsdon'tuseitinagoodway.Someplaygamestoomuch, somevisitwebsitestheyshouldn'tlookat.Sobadthingsmayhappenifstudentsspendtoomuch5.____________(time) ontheInternet.ItisimportantforstudentstousetheInternetproperly.Nowwehaveatextbook, whichusesmany6.____________(example) toteachstudentssomegood7.____________(way) tousetheInternet.Itgivesuseful8.____________(advise).‎ Somestudentsalsomake9.____________(friend) ontheInternet.Butifyouwanttohaveafacetoface10.____________(meet) withyouronlinefriends, letyourparentsknowandmeetinaproperplace.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.people's。因特网已经变成了年轻人生活的一部分。‎ ‎2.students。一篇报道显示38%的学生经常用因特网。‎ ‎3.information。考查词性的判定和转化。‎ ‎4.studies。studies功课、学业。‎ ‎5.time。time在此为不可数名词。spendtimeonsth.“花时间做某事”。‎ ‎6.examples。由于空前有many修饰,可知此处用复数。‎ ‎7.ways。空前有some修饰且way在此表方法,为可数名词,故此处用复数。‎ ‎8.advice。advice是不可数名词。‎ 7‎ ‎9.friends。根据语境,下文中onlinefriends推断出makefriends这个短语。‎ ‎10.meeting。提示词meet虽有名词词性,但haveameeting是习惯搭配。‎ Passage2‎ MyfriendLucyisalovelygirl,whoisfullof1.____________(wise).Onedayshemadea2.____________(decide) thatshewouldgotothetowntobuysome3.____________(box) ofapplesandtwo4.____________(loaf) ofbreadbeforethepriceswentup.Onthewaytothetown,shesawseveral5.____________(child) playingonthegrass,andsome6.____________(woman) sittingintheshade,chattinghappily.Afterdoingtheshopping,sheheadedforhervillage.Suddenlyaheavyrainpoureddown.Asaresult,shehadno7.____________(choose) buttotakeshelterfromtherain,duringwhichtimeshehadthe8.____________(free) tohaveachatwithotherpeople.The9.____________(communicate) madeherrelaxed,anditseemedtoshortenthe10.____________(long) ofthetimeshewaitedfortheraintostop.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.wisdom。fullofwisdom充满智慧。‎ ‎2.decision。makeadecision做决定。‎ ‎3.boxes。box的复数为boxes。‎ ‎4.loaves。loaf的复数为loaves。‎ ‎5.children。child的复数为children。‎ ‎6.women。woman的复数为women。‎ ‎7.choice。havenochoicebuttodo别无选择只好做……。‎ ‎8.freedom。havethefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由。‎ ‎9.communication。the后跟名词。communication交流。‎ ‎10.length。long的名词形式为length。‎ 7‎ 7‎
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