考点37+反义疑问句-高考全攻略之备战2019年高考英语考点一遍过

考点37+反义疑问句-高考全攻略之备战2019年高考英语考点一遍过

考点37 反义疑问句 高考频度：★★★★★‎ ‎ 高考对疑问句的考查主要是对反义疑问句的考查。‎ 反义疑问句也叫附加疑问句，指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问句，用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问句部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，附加部分用肯定式。‎ 反义疑问句主要分以下各种情况：‎ 反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时，附加问句部分用否定形式，反之亦然。附加问句部分的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定，而且主语必须是代词。‎ ‎1. 陈述部分的主语是名词时，附加问句的主语用相应的人称代词。‎ Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didn’t they?‎ ‎2. 陈述部分主语是表示人的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语侧重全部用they，侧重个体用he。‎ No one was there that day, was he/were they?‎ ‎3. 陈述部分主语是表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句的主语用it。‎ Everything that he says is true, isn’t it?‎ ‎4. 陈述部分的主语是one时，反意疑问句的主语在正式的场合用one，在非正式场合用you。‎ One should be honest, shouldn’t one/you?‎ ‎5. 陈述部分主语是指示代词时，反意疑问句的主语要用it或they。‎ This is your car, isn’t it?‎ Those are grapes, aren’t they?‎ ‎6. 陈述部分是there be结构时，反意疑问句仍用there。‎ There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?‎ ‎7. 陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时，反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。‎ They must be sleeping then, weren’t they?‎ must后接完成式，若表示对过去情况的推测，附加问句中动词用didn’t；若表示对已完成情况的推测，用haven’t或hasn’t。‎ ‎8. 陈述部分含有否定词时，反意疑问句用肯定式。‎ He is never late for school, is he?‎ They seldom clean the room, do they?‎ 常见的否定词有no，never，nothing，nowhere，rarely，hardly，seldom，few，little等；若陈述部分有带否定意义词缀的派生词，如dislike，useless，unfair等，后面的附加问句仍用否定式。‎ ‎9. 陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you或won’t you。‎ Look at the blackboard, will/won’t you?‎ Don’t make any noise, will you？‎ 以Let’s开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you；陈述部分是否定的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you或can you都可以。‎ ‎10. 陈述部分是并列句时，反意疑问句与邻近的分句一致。‎ She works hard and she is the best one in her factory, isn’t she?‎ ‎11. 陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问句与主句一致。‎ When the teacher speaks in class, we have to keep quiet, don’t we?‎ ‎12. 陈述部分是否定转移句式时，反意疑问句与从句一致，且用肯定形式。‎ I don’t think he will come, will he?‎ 在回答反意疑问句时，不管其陈述句部分是肯定的还是否定的，如果事实是肯定的，回答用＂yes＋肯定的简略句＂；如果事实是否定的，回答用＂no＋否定的简略句＂，形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时，答语中的yes译成＂不＂，no译成＂是＂。‎ ‎—They haven’t been told the truth, have they?‎ ‎—Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.‎ I．单项填空 ‎1.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, __________she?‎ A. had B. did ‎ C. hadn’t D. didn’t ‎2.You and I could hardly work together, _________?‎ A. could you B. couldn’t I ‎ C. couldn’t we D. could we ‎3.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, __________ ?‎ A. could he B. didn’t I ‎ C. didn’t you D. could they ‎4.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?‎ A. doesn’t it B. does it ‎ C. don’t they D. do they ‎5. It’s the first time that he has been to Australia, ___________?‎ A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he ‎ C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it ‎6. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, ___________?‎ A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you ‎ C. aren’t I D. didn’t she ‎7. The students who are sitting at the back of the classroom, please keep quiet, __________?‎ A. do you B. don’t they ‎ C. aren’t you D. will you ‎8. —Mrs Willson doesn’t believe that Tom is able to pass the exam, ___________?‎ ‎—That’s where I disagree.‎ A. does she B. doesn’t she ‎ C.is she D. isn’t she ‎9.—I spent two weeks in London last summer.‎ ‎—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?‎ A. mustn't B. haven't C. didn't D. hadn't ‎10. Let’s work out a plan that we all can agree on, _____________?‎ A. shall we B. don’t we ‎ C. will you D. can’t we ‎11. —The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, _____________ it?‎ ‎—Yes. I guess so.‎ A. didn’t B. hasn’t ‎ C. mustn’t D. won’t ‎12.When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, _____________?‎ A.do you B.don’t you ‎ C.will you D.won’t you II. 语法填空 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 1 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 2 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 (be) often acceptable.‎ ‎ Most of us are more focused 4 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 5 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ ‎ Recent 6 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 9 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 10 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ ‎1.D 【解析】主句是一般过去时态的肯定句，因此其反意问句应该用一般过去时态的否定句。‎ ‎2.D 【解析】根据陈述部分是肯定形式，疑问部分用否定形式；反之。陈述部分中含有否定词hardly， 故疑问部分用肯定形式，主语是you and I。故应选D。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定，故附加部分为肯定，句意：他们是否来参加你的派对，没有关系，是吗？‎ ‎5. C 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在＂It’s the first time that...＂句型中，反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分别保持一致。故C项正确。‎ ‎6. B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在既有主句又有从句的时候，如果主句部分是I think，I suppose，I’m sure，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致。故在该题中，反意疑问句要和从句＂you’d rather she went to school by bus＂一致，根据前否后肯的原则，该反意疑问句应为＂wouldn’t you＂。故B选项正确。‎ ‎7. D 【解析】考查反意疑问句。若陈述部分为祈使句，反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等。句意：那些坐在教室后面的同学，请保持安静，可以吗？故选D。‎ ‎8. A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：——Willson认为Tom不会通过考试，是吗？——我不同意。由前面的Mrs Willson doesn’t可知后面用does she，故A项正确。‎ ‎9.C 在“…must have done…”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中，反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式，因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语，反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式，若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer，故选C。‎ ‎10. A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：我们制订出一个大家都会同意的计划，行吗？Let’s..., shall we? 是常用的表示建议的句型。‎ ‎11. B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：——政府肯定已经采取措施降低房价了，是吗？——是的，我认为是这样。当陈述句谓语部分为must have done形式，表示对过去的情况进行推测，其反意疑问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用＂didn’t+主语＂或＂wasn’t/weren’‎ t+主语＂；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用＂haven’t/hasn’t+主语＂。该句中没有明确的过去时间状语，故B选项切题。‎ II. 语法填空 ‎【语篇解读】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。‎ ‎1. greater ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的＂and less importance＂可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。‎ ‎2. achievement ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词，a real sense of achievement意为＂一种真实的成就感＂。‎ ‎3.is ‎ ‎【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语＂Leaving the less important things until tomorrow＂，故谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。‎ ‎4.on ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语be focused on 意为＂集中于……＂。故填on。‎ ‎5.as ‎ ‎【解析】考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as…as possible意为＂尽可能……＂。‎ ‎6.studies ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词复数。最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作＂研究，调查＂讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。‎ ‎7.regularly ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly＂有规律地＂。‎ ‎10.make ‎ ‎【解析】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。‎