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人教版英语初三Unit6讲义
课程新授 授课题目 UNIT6. When was it invented? 教 学 设 计 学习目标 1. 一般过去时的被动语态 2. 复习巩固过去完成时 教学重难点 一般过去时的被动语态 教 学 流 程 一、 温习(复习提问) 第六单元重点单词检查默写 二、学习目标: 1.一般过去时的被动语态 2.复习巩固过去完成时 三、学习新课(自主探究学习) 【重点单词】 1. project n. 项目,工程; 2. pleasure n. 高兴,愉快; 3. daily adj. 日常的,每日的; 4. mention v. 提到,说到; 5. nearly adv.几乎,差不多; 6. boil v. 煮沸,烧开; 7. remain v. 保持不变;剩余; 8. national adj.国家的,民族的; 9. low adj.低的,矮的; 10. translate v. 翻译; 11. lock v.锁上;n. 锁; 12. sudden adj. 突然的 13. crispy adj. 脆的;酥脆的; 14. salty adj. 咸的; 15. sour adj. 酸的,有酸味的; 16. customer n. 顾客。 17. Canadian 加拿大的, 18. divide v. 分开,分散; 12 19. hero n 英雄,男主角; 20. professional adj. 职业的,专业的; 【重点词组】 1. shoes with special heels 特殊后跟的鞋子 2. hot ice cream scoop 热的冰其淋勺子 3. run on electricity 电动的 4. be used for 被用作 5. the subject for my school project 学校项目的课题 6. our daily lives 我们的日常生活 7. have a point 有点道理 8. by accident 偶然,意外地 9. over the open fire 在火堆上 10. fall into the water 落入水中 11. take place 发生 12. without doubt 毫无疑问 13. at a low price 以一个很低的价格 14. translate the book into different language 把书翻译成不同种的语言 15. all of sudden 突然 16. by mistake 错误地 17. a much-loved and active sport 一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动 18. divide…into 把…分开 19. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 20. look up to 钦佩,仰慕 21. the professional basketball groups 职业篮球机构 22. use someone else’s idea 借用其他人的想法 【重点句式】 1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。 2. ---When was the telephone invented? --- 电话是什么时候发明的? --I think it was invented in 1876. ---我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。 3. ---What are they used for? ---他们可用来做什么? 12 ---They are used for changing the style of the shoes ---他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。 4. ---When was the zipper invented? ---拉链是什么时候发明的? ----It was invented in 1893 .--它是在1893年被发明的。 5. ---Who was it invented by? ---它是由谁发明的? ---It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. ---它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。 6. ---When was tea brought to Korea? ---茶是什么时候被带到韩国的? ---It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries. ---它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。 7. ---What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? -这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么的? ---It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream ---它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。 知识点解析 1. such adj.如此的,这样的 ⑴such 用作形容词,修饰名词It is such a great thing. 它是如此好的一件事。 ⑵such构成的主要结构有: I. such+a(an)+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句 He got such a bad cold that he coughed day and night II.such+(adj.+)名词复数+that从句 There were such crowded streets that we could hardly move on. III. such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句 She has made such great progress that many people like her. 辨析:such与so Such 修饰名词,“如此的,这样的”, He is such a kind man. So 修饰形容词或副词 “如此,这样”, He is so kind a man. 2.It is believed that.... “人们相信..../人们认为.....”,相当于people believe that... It 为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。 扩展: It is said that.... 据说...... It is supposed that..... 据猜测..... It is reported that ..... 据报道....It is known that..... 众所周知..... 3.一般过去时的被动语态 语法构成:be(was/were)+及物动词的过去分词。 When was/were .....invented? ......什么时候发明的? .....was/were invented in +年代。 ......被发明于..... Who was/were .....invented by? .....是被谁发明的? What was/were .....used for? .....是用来做什么的? 注意:⑴莫忘记还原to,在主动语态中make,see,watch等动词后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,变成被动语态时,不定式符号to要还原。 In the old days,they were made to work in the factory from morning to evening. ⑵介词跟上去。在主动语态中,动词短语中的介词在变为被动语态时,仍要跟在原动词之后。Old people weren't taken good care of in 1980. 12 过去完成时态练习: 1.By the time he got up, he found his father ________ to work. A.went B.have gone C.gone D.had gone 2.When I got to the bus stop, the bus ________ already ________ for 5 minutes. A.has; left B.had; left C.has; been away D.had; been away 3.My sister ________ a teacher two years ago. A.got married to B.got married of C.married to D.married with 4.When I got to the shop, the fresh vegetables had ________. A.be sold out B.sold out C.been sold out D.sell out 5.We felt ________ when we heard the ________ news. A.embarrassed; embarrassed B.embarrassing; embarrassed C.embarrassed; embarrassing D.embarrassing; embarrassing 6.I like to play jokes ________ my classmates. A.on B.into C.in D.to 7.________ he knows it, he'll not let out the secret. A.As if B.Even though C.So that D.What if 8.The street is ________ of people. A.full B.fill C.filled D.filled with 9.The fish we caught yesterday is still________. A.live B.to live C.alive D.lively 10.By the end of last term, they________ over 2,000 English words. A.learned B.has learned C.had learned D.learn 四、目标检测: 一、按要求改写句子。 1.The helicopter was made in 1990. (对画线部分提问) _____ ____ the helicopter _____ ? 2. Someone turned down the television just now. (改为被动语态) The television ____ ____ down just now. 3. English is spoken as a second language in many countries. (改为主动语态) People _____ _____ as a second language in many countries. 4. The glass is used for keeping water hot. (改为主动语态) They ____ the glass _____ keeping water hot. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He told us that the model plane ____ (make) in 1930. 2. When ____the Great Wall_____ (build)? 3. Umbrellas are used for ____(keep) rain off. 4. Who ____ they ____ (make) by? 5. The passage ____(copy) just now. 6. That mountain is _____ (know) for its beauty. 7. This bag is ____ (make) of paper. 12 8. These ships are ____ (make) in China. 9. ____ (drink) tea is good for our health. 10. Some flowers _____ (send) to her every Friday. 版权所有 三、单项选择。 1.--- Do you often clean your classroom? --- Yes. Our classroom____ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning 2. --- Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack? --- When your homework _____ , you can. A. is done B. was done C. does D. did 3. Trees and flowers ____ every year to make our country more beautiful. A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted 4. The book Business @ the Speed of Thought ____in 1999. A. writes B. is written C. wrote D. was written 五、知识盘点(教学小结) 1.一般过去时的被动语态 2.复习巩固过去完成时 单元测试题 一. 单项选择 ( )1.—Would you hold this for a moment? —With ________. A.pleasing B.pleased C.pleasure D.please ( )2. — Why don’t you buy a camera?— Do you think I need to? My phone is often used a camera. A. by B. for X k B C. as D. with ( )3. To plan your time better, you can make a of the things you need to do first. A. list B. project C. number D. lot ( )4. — How dangerous!— Yeah. The bus hit the car just now. A. clearly B. normally C. nearly D. mostly ( )5. — Can we pick some oranges to eat? — Can’t you see that they are green? They must be . A. sweet B. salty C. hot D. sour ( )6. — If the Japanese football team had a match with the German football team, which do you think would win? — The German team would win without any . It’s a much better team. A. hope B. secret C. interest D. doubt ( )7. — Why do many people buy things online on the 11th of November every year? 12 — Because there are many sales. The prices are . A. much cheaper B. much lower C. more expensive D. much higher ( )8. — How nice the fish !— Really? I am sure you’ll like it better if you try some. A. smells B. feels C. tastes D. sounds ( )9.—Sorry, sir. But is this umbrella yours?Oh, sorry. I just took it . Mine is under the seat. A. for yourself B. by mistake C. in person D. at last ( )10. — The 20th World Cup in Brazil, right?— Yes. It this summer. A. held; took place B. was held; was taken place C. held; was taken place D. was held; took place ( )11. Which of the following signs means “No locking”? A. B. C. D. ( )12. — Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasn’t he? — Of course. He by people all over the world. A. was looked up B. was looked up to C. looked up D. looked up to ( )13. — Was table tennis invented by the Chinese? — No. It in China until the start of the 20th century. A. played B. was played C. didn’t play D. wasn’t played ( )14. — Do you know in ancient China? — I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper. A. how paper was made B. how was paper made C. what paper was made D. what was paper made ( )15. — Many thanks for what you’ve done for us. — . A. Don’t mention it B. Never C. That’s right D. You seem to have a point 16.--- Could you tell me who the toy_____ by? ---Sorry, I don’t know. A. makes B. Made C. is made D. was made 17. The light bulb gives people more time_ ____ every day. A. to work and play B. work and play C. to work and playing D. working and playing 18. _____a new library ____ in your school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; built D. Did; built 19.The monkey was seen ____ out of the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 20. Tea is produced _____ many different areas . A. at B. in C. on D. to 21.The sweater____ wool. So it is very comfortable. A. is made from B. is made of C. is made up of D. is made in 12 22. We are very_____ when we know we have got good grades. A. exciting B. excited C. excitement D. excite 23. His voice______ very comfortable! A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes 24. Li Lei isn’t as_____ as Tom, but he jumps farther than Tom. A. taller B. tallest C. tall D. short 25. I find ____is difficult to learn English well. A. this B. that C. these D. it 26. They are made ____ for 14 hours a day. A. work B. to work C. worked D. working 27. Tom is older than Mike, but he is not as ____ as Mike. 版权所有 A. tall B. taller C. short D. shorter 28. The paper, usually red, ____ before it ____. A. is folded; is cut B. folded; cut C. is folded; cut D. folds; is cut 29. The silk dress ____ so smooth. It’s made in China. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. looks 30. Could you tell me who the novel ____? A. was written B. was wrote C. was written by D. wrote 二. 阅读理解 X A The Coca Cola Company has an invention—the “PlantBottle”. It is partly made from plants and can be recycled (循环). It shows how businesses can help to deal with the problem of climate (气候) change. Now the UK has a new light bulb that can last 25 years or more. It is green and environment-friendly (环保的), and as bright as the old light bulbs, but it costs£30. 12 Good news for swimmers. Do you want to talk to your friends under the water? Rich Stachowski invented this Water Talky at the age of 10. This invention can amplify (扩大) voices underwater for up to 15 feet. If you sit in a chair for too long or in a bad position (姿势), your back may begin to hurt. Now there is a new chair that can help you avoid that. It was developed by German scientists. It makes noises to tell users when they need to move. ( )1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the “PlantBottle”? A. The bottle is completely made of plants.B. It was a product of the Coca Cola Company. C. It costs much money. D. People can’t recycle it. ( )2. The new light bulb . A. is brighter than the old ones B. isn’t good for the environment C. can last at least 25 years D. can last less than 25 years ( )3. The Water Talky was invented by . A. German scientists B. a young child C. a UK company D. some swimmers ( )4. What will happen if you sit in the chair for too long? A. Your head will hurt. B. You will be very nervous. C. The chair will move. D. The chair will warn you to move. ( )5. All the four inventions have something to do with . A. daily life B. the climate C. making money D. the environment B Do you have the experience of taking music lessons against your wishes? Perhaps you have complained about it because you thought it took you much playtime. But now you’d better thank your parents for their time and money spent on your musical training. A recent study suggests music lessons can make children have better memories than their peers (同龄人). The Canadian study showed that after one year of musical training, children did better on a memory test than those who didn’t take music lessons. The researchers made the children aged between 4 and 6 into two groups — one group of children took music lessons outside school, and the other didn’t take any musical training. In one year, they took four tests in different times. The results showed brain (大脑) development changes at least every four months. The children taking music lessons not only did better in musical listening but also made faster progress in other ways, such as reading, writing, math and IQ. People say music is the good medicine (良药) for a broken heart. Now it seems music can also help us to improve our memories. We are sure to find more and more in the wonderful world of music. 12 根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )6. You’d better thank your parents for their time and money spent on your musical training because . A. you get well after you take music lessons B. you will make faster progress in every way C. music can help you to improve your memories D. music lessons have taken up most your free time ( )7. The researchers made one group of the children aged 4~6 take music lessons for . A. six months B. a year C. two years D. four years ( )8. The Canadian study showed that brain development changes . A. once a week B. twice half a yearC. four times a year D. at least every four months ( )9. According to the last paragraph, most people think music can make us . A. happy B. worried C. smart D. confident ( )10. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. How to become cleverer. B. Music does us much good. C. What to find in wonderful music .D. Everyone should receive music training. C Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car. It can run on the road without a driver. It drives itself. The self-driving car hasn’t been on sale to the public, so we don’t know how much it costs. Another thing most people want to know is whether it will be safe enough to run on the road. The self-driving car uses electricity as its power, and it can’t drive very quickly—the top speed would be 25 miles per hour. It is actually controlled by a computer system (系统) on the car. The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor (激光雷达传感器) on top of it. A computer processes the information and decides what to do. “The self-driving car has only buttons (按钮) for go and stop, so it’s very easy to use,” an engineer of Google says. “And what’s more, it will make car accidents less and make the world a safer place.” The self-driving car has driven hundreds of thousands of miles in California, and it has only gotten into two accidents by human mistake. According to CNN, self-driving cars will also help to reduce (减少) the number of cars in big cities. “Self-driving cars would be able to send you to the workplace and then pick up another person instead of stopping in a parking lot.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。 ( )11. We don’t know the price of the self-driving car because . A. it is on sale only in America B. it isn’t made for sale C. people can get it for free D. it hasn’t been on sale to the public ( )12. The self-driving car can collect information using . ①video cameras ②a computer ③a LIDAR sensor ④a computer system A. ①② B. ①③ C. ①②③ D. ①②③④ ( )13. According to CNN, self-driving cars will . A. send us more quickly to the workplace B. lead to heavier traffic C. improve traffic condition in big cities D. carry more people than a normal car ( )14. We can infer from the passage that the self-driving car would . A. be good for our environment B. be very cheap C. not follow humans’ order D. be on sale quickly ( )15. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The best car in the world B. A new self-driving car 12 C. How a self-driving car works D. A car invented by an American company D Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work.Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home.And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep.Can we imagine life without paper or print? Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago,and has been made from silk,cotton,bamboo and since the 19th century from wood.People learned to write words on paper to make a book.But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand.As a result, they were expensive and rare.And because there weren't many books, few people learned to read. Then printing was invented in China.When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply.As a result, more people learned to read.After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly. Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CDROMs or machines such as MP3 players. Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online.So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I don't think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two meters high! ( )16.What does the writer do before he goes to sleep? A.He reads books.B.He reads newspapers. C.He looks through magazines.D.He looks at the posters on the wall. ( )17.When was paper first created? A.About 2,000 years ago.B.In the 19th century. C.About 1,000 years ago.D.In the 11th century. ( )18.Why were books expensive and rare before the invention of printing? A.People could not read. B.People could not write words on paper. C.People could not find silk,cotton or bamboo. D.People could only produce a book at a time by hand. ( )19.What happened after books became cheaper? A.People didn't want to buy books.B.Printing was invented in China. C.Knowledge and ideas spread quickly. ( )20.What is the writer's opinion about books and computers? A. People won't need books any more. B. Books won't be replaced by computers. C.People prefer to find information in books. D.Computers have already replaced books. 三.用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Zhang Yun tells Laura how____(fly) a kite. 2. The international kite festival ____ (hold) in Wei Fang. 3. His mother told his son_____ (not play) in the street. It’ dangerous. 4. --- What ‘s the model plane made of? --- It’s____(make) of used wood and glass. 5. Children under 18 ____ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents. 6. It’s so interesting that most of the ____ (produce) in the shops are made in China. 7. English is ____ (wide) used all over the world. 8. ____ (much) of the earth’s surface is covered by water. 9. Children ____ (not allow) to run in the hallway at school. 10. The pen ___ (use) for writing. 四.根据汉语完成句子。 1. 这个戒指看起来好好看。它是用银做的吗? This ring _____ nice. Is it _____ silver? 2. 中国以茶而著名。 China ____ ____ ____ tea. 12 3. 它们是手工采摘,然后被送去加工。 They are picked ____ ____ and then ____ ____ for processing. 4.它们由竹子做成,覆盖着纸。 They ____ ____ _____ bamboo and ____ ____ paper. 5. 剪纸听起来很容易,但它很难被做。 Paper cutting _____ easy but it can be _____ to do. 6. 剪纸已经存在1500年了。 Paper cutting ____ ____ ____ for over 1500 years. 7. 最为普通的东西,都变成了精美的物品。 The most common things, ____ ____ ____ objects of beauty. 版权所有 8.完成所有的任务需要花费好几个星期。 It takes several weeks ____ ____ everything. 五..任务型阅读。 Nowadays many new and useful inventions have come into use.If I were a scientist,I would have my own invention—a magic door,a door that can take me to every part of the world. Since our life is getting busier and busier,my magic door is really needed.The population of the world is rising day by day,and the number of cars used is getting larger.So traffic jam becomes a big problem for people in both poor and developed countries.Moreover,by using a large number of cars,people have to face another problem—the pollution of the air.All those reasons lead to the need for such an invention like a magic door.It can take the place of ways of transportation. Magic doors have many advantages(好处).First,you can go wherever you want in a minute.Just open the door and go through it,you can stand in another place.Two parts of the door are two parts of the world.Thus,magic doors can meet the need for discovering new places for people.Second,magic doors sometimes can even make people safe.Magic doors can be used in everyday life.If you dropped into a river by accident,for example,people would go there at once to help you get out of danger by using magic doors. All in all,people can benefit(得益) a lot from magic doors.If magic doors were invented and came into use widely,not just imagination,there would be a big change in our life! 根据短文内容完成表格。(每空一词) My own invention—a magic door The __1__ for the magic door The traffic __2__. The __3__ of the air. The advantages of the magic door It can help people go __4__ they want. It can also make people _5_. 1___________ 2.___________ 3.___________ 4.______________ 5.______________ 六.书面表达。 在一个“小科学家”发明展示会上,杨涛将展示他最新发明的Language Interpreter。假如你是杨涛,请根据下面表格中的内容写一篇英语短文向外国游客介绍一个自己的发明。 Name Language Interpreter Looks like Cellphone Used for Translating one language into another Advantages Useful,convenient Disadvantages Only translating several languages 12 参考答案 课堂目标检测 一、1.When; was; made 2. was turned; 3.speak English 4. use; for 二、1.was made 2.was built 3. keeping 4. were made; by 5. was copied 6.known 7. made 8. made 9. Drinking 10. are sent 三、1-5 CACD 单元题 一.1-5 BCACD 6-10 DBABD 11-15 CBDAA CABDB BBACD BAACC 二。61-65 BCBDA 66-70 CBDAB 71-75 DBCAB 76-80 DADCB 三.1.to fly 2. is held 3. not to play 4. Made 5. aren’t allowed .products . widely Most 4 aren’t allowed is used 四.1.looks; made of 2. is famous for 3. by hand; are sent 4. are made of; covered with5. sounds; different 6. Has been 7. are turned into 8. to complete 五. 76. _need_ 77._jam_ 78._pollution_ 79._wherever_ 80._safe_ 六.One possible version: Hello!My name is Yang Tao.Here is my invention,a Language Interpreter.It's the same size as a cellphone.But it is very useful.If you input the language you want to translate into,and then make a short speech,it can translate what you want within 5 to 10 seconds.You can talk with foreigners easily with the help of it.But it can only translate several languages.I'll work hard to improve it.I'm sure it will translate more and more languages in the near future.Thanks for listening! 12 查看更多