2018届一轮复习北师大版选修6Unit16Stories学案(1)

2018届一轮复习北师大版选修6Unit16Stories学案(1)

Unit 16 Stories 知识清单 重点单词 ‎1.________ vt.保护；保存→________n．保护；保存 ‎2．________n. 建筑→________n．建筑师 ‎3．________adj. 反常的；不正常的→________ adj. 正常的4．________vt.使泄气；使灰心→________adj. 泄气的；灰心的→________ adj. 令人泄气的5．________vt.钦佩；羡慕→________adj. 令人钦佩的；极佳的→________n．钦佩；欣赏 ‎ ‎6．________v．遭受(痛苦)→________n．痛苦；苦难 ‎7．________v．鼓掌→________n．鼓掌 ‎8．________adj.明显的；显而易见的→________adv.看来；显然 ‎ ‎9．________n．重要性； 意义→________adj.重要的 ‎10．________vt.放弃；遗弃→________adj.被丢弃的；被遗弃的 重点短语 ‎1.________on 指望；依靠　　　　　　　　　　　　　2.come into________出现3．end________最终成为；最后处于 4.come________偶然遇见5．________up 断绝关系；分成小部分 6.________out 试验 ‎ ‎7．put up ________容忍；忍受 8.hold________支撑起 ‎9．now________既然；由于 重点句式 ‎1.However, much more than buildings and objects, it_is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history. 2．It_was_the_first_time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.‎ 核心语法 ‎1.过去完成时 ‎2．get / have ＋宾语＋过去分词 自我校对 重点单词：‎ ‎1．preserve; preservation　2.architecture; architect　3.abnormal; normal　4.discourage; ‎ discouraged; discouraging　5.admire; admirable; admiration　6.suffer; suffering　7.applaud; applause　8.apparent; apparently　9.significance; significant ‎10．abandon; abandoned 重点短语：‎ ‎1．count　2.view / being　3.up　4.across　5.split　6.try　7.with　8.up　9.that ‎ 重点词汇探究 ‎1．abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃 n. 放任；放纵 abandon oneself to 沉湎于(相当于be addicted to)‎ abandon one's country 背弃祖国 abandon one's friend 背弃朋友 abandon a bad habit 戒除恶习 abandon one's hope / plan / idea 放弃某人的希望/计划/主意 with abandon 放纵地；肆意地 abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；自暴自弃的；无耻的；堕落的 ‎ abandonment n. 遗弃；抛弃 ‎ ‎1)The match ________ ________ because of bad weather. 比赛因天气恶劣而取消。‎ ‎2)He ________ ________ ________ despair. 他陷入绝望中。‎ ‎3)The broken bike was found ________ by the riverside. 人们发现那辆损坏的自行车被扔在河边。‎ ‎4)________ ship or ________ hope. 不弃船，必死无疑。(要么放弃船要么放弃希望。)‎ ‎【答案】　1)was abandoned　2)abandoned himself to ‎3)abandoned　4)Abandon; abandon ‎(1)用abandon的适当形式填空 ‎1)我们必须力劝吸烟的人戒掉这个习惯。‎ We must urge people who smoke to ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎2)我放弃了当医生的梦想。‎ I abandoned________ ________ ________ ________ a doctor.‎ ‎3)那位年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。‎ The young man does nothing but ________ ________ ________ pleasure.‎ ‎【答案】　1)abandon the habit　2)my dream of being ‎3)abandon himself to ‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎ ‎1)(2016湖南示范性高中高三3月联考)The project had to be abandoned largely ________ a lack of government funding.‎ A．according to B．due to ‎ C．in the name of D．in the eyes of ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查短语辨析。题意：主要由于缺乏政府资金而使得这项工程被迫放弃。according to“根据”；due to“由于”；in the name of“以……名义”；in the eyes of“在……心目中；从……来看”。‎ ‎2)(2016无锡模拟)Five days after the earthquake, rescuers ________ all hope of finding any more survivors.‎ A．abandoned B．accumulated ‎ C．attached D．advocated ‎【答案与解析】　A　abandon “放弃”； accumulate “积累”； attach “附加”； advocate “提倡”。A项符合题意。‎ ‎2．preserve vt. 保护；保存；保养；贮存 preserve...from... 保护……以免……‎ preservation n. 保存；保管 preservative n. 防腐剂 ‎1)We must encourage the planting of trees ________ ________ our existing forests. 我们必须鼓励植树并且保护现有的森林。‎ ‎2)We will do everything ________ ________ peace. 我们将尽一切努力维护和平。‎ ‎【答案】　1)and preserve　2)to preserve ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)The government ________ ________ ________ of the individual person. 政府保护个人的权利不受侵犯。‎ ‎2)Salt and spices help ________ ________ ________. 盐和调味品有助于贮存肉类。‎ ‎【答案】　1)preserves the rights　2)to preserve meat ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016湖北百校联考) In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing or bottling.‎ A．prevented B．Preserved C．reserved D．protected ‎【答案与解析】　B　 preserve“储藏；保存”，主要指防止(食物)腐败，强调使不受破坏。‎ ‎3．witness vt.当场见到；目击；为……作证 vi.作证 n．目击者；证人；证据 give witness on behalf of sb 替某人作证 be a witness to... 是……的目击者 witness to sth / doing sth 作证/证明某事/做某事 bear / give witness to sth 作证；证明某事 ‎1)I was ________ ________ ________their quarrel. 我是他们吵架时的目击者。‎ ‎2)We were ________ the most important scientific development of the century. 我们正见证着本世纪最重要的科学进展。‎ ‎3)I________ the traffic accident. 我目睹了那次交通事故。‎ ‎4)He ________ ________ having seen the man enter the building. 他作为证明看到那个男人进入这个建筑物的证人。‎ ‎【答案】　1)a witness to　2)witnessing　3)witnessed ‎4)witnessed to ‎ ‎(1)用witness的适当形式填空 ‎1)The police found the ________ ________the murder case.‎ ‎2)Life without a friend is death without ________.‎ ‎【答案】　1)witness to　2)witness ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016 江西南康中学高三9月月考)Our country has________great changes in the past 20 years , which are the result of reform and opening－up.‎ A．appeared B．happened ‎ C．taken place D．witnessed ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查动词词义辨析。首先要选择及物动词，而appear，happen，take place都是不及物动词，同时只有witness合适。题意：我们国家见证了过去20年间所经历的巨大变化，这是改革开放的结果。‎ ‎4．occur vi. 发生；出现，存在；被想起；浮现 occurance n. 发生的事情；存在的事情；发生；存在；出现 occur to sb发生在某人身上 It occurs to sb to do sth某人想起做某事；某人突然想起……‎ ‎1)That plane crash ________ only minutes after take－off. ‎ 那飞机在起飞几分钟后就撞毁了。‎ ‎2)A brilliant idea________ ________ me.＝ A brilliant idea________ ________ me.＝ A brilliant idea ________ me. 我想到一个极好的主意。‎ ‎3)It ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。‎ ‎4)Misprints ________ on every page. 每页都有印刷错误。‎ ‎【答案】　1)occurred　2)occurred to; came to; struck　3)never occurred to me that　4)occur occur, happen, take place和come about occur较正式，既可以指自然发生，也可以指有意安排。‎ happen一般用语，强调事情发生的偶然性。‎ take place “发生；举行”，指事先计划安排好的事情。‎ come about侧重事情发生的原因，常与how连用。‎ 以上单词或词组都没有被动语态用法。‎ ‎(1)用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 ‎1)When did the accident________？‎ ‎2)It ______ _______ me that he might agree with the idea.‎ ‎3)The concert will ________ ________next Sunday.‎ ‎4)How did the quarrel ________？‎ ‎5)It ________ ________ her that she might adopt a homeless child.‎ ‎【答案】　1)happen　2)occurred / came to　3)take place ‎4)come about　5)occurred ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2015山东实验中学月考)I________along the street looking for a place to park when the ‎ accident________.‎ A．went; was occurring B．went; occurred ‎ C．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查时态。题意：我正沿着街道找停车位，这时发生了交通事故。此处是when (这时；突然)句式之一“be about to do when...”。‎ ‎5．burst vi. 爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 burst forth 突然出现；突然爆发出；突然喊出 burst into “突然闯入；突然……起来”，后通常接具有动作意义的名词。‎ burst out“突然……起来”，后通常接动词的－ing形式。‎ ‎1)There was no water in the room because the pipe________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 房间里没水了，因为水管在寒冷的冬天爆裂了。‎ ‎2)As he finished his speech, the audience _______ ______ _______. 他结束讲话时，观众中爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。‎ ‎3)Suddenly the door________ ________ and police officers carrying guns rushed in. 突然房间被撞开，武装警察携枪闯了进来。‎ ‎【答案】　1)burst in the cold winter　2)burst into applause　3)burst open ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)她一听到这悲伤的消息，就失声痛哭。‎ Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she________ ________ ________.＝ Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she ________ ________ ________. ‎ ‎2)看到所发生的事情他大笑了起来。‎ Seeing what had happened, he ________ ________ ________.＝ Seeing what had happened he ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　1)burst out crying; burst into tears　2)burst out laughing; burst into laughter ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2010 江苏泰州一模) Struggling unsuccessfully to control himself，Mr Smith ________ a loud and long sigh.‎ A．burst into B．burst out C．burst down D．burst up ‎【答案与解析】　B　burst into后接名词；burst out后接动词的－ing形式。‎ ‎2)(2010杭州模拟)Both ________ and ________ laughter do harm to your health.‎ A．burst out crying; burst into B．to burst out tears; to burst into C．bursting into tears; bursting into D．bursting into crying; bursting out ‎【答案与解析】　C　burst out crying / laughing; burst into tears / laughter表示“突然哭/笑起来”之意，这两个短语作主语，故用－ing形式。‎ ‎6．expand vt.使变大；使增强vi.膨胀；扩张；增加；增强 ‎ expanse n. [C]广阔区域 expansion n. [U]膨胀；扩张 expansive adj. 友好的；可扩大的 ‎1)The hotel wants to ________ its business by adding a swimming pool.宾馆想通过添加一个游泳池来扩大业务。‎ ‎2)We have plans to ________ into the US market.我们打算扩展业务进入美国市场。‎ ‎【答案】　1)expand　2)expand expand, extend, increase和spread expand 为最普通用语，主要指物体由于外力或内力的作用而使面积、体积、数量等变大，也可以用于抽象事物。‎ extend本义为“伸展”，一般引申为“扩展范围、领域”等。用于比喻意义时，表示影响、势力和范围都超过目前。‎ 另外，extend也可用于拉长，拉宽等其他引申意义，此时常可与stretch互换使用。‎ increase指数量、尺寸、大小等增大，通常与数据连用(如增加到；增加幅度等)。‎ spread“传播”，通常指消息、疾病、细菌等扩散、传播开来。‎ The coffee shop may expand into a full restaurant.那家咖啡店将可能扩展成为一家完善的餐馆。‎ Parking restrictions do not extend to (＝ include) disabled people.停车限制不适用于残疾人。‎ I need to extend my visa (＝ make it last longer)．我需要延长我的签证期。‎ Investments are certain to increase in value.投资一定会增值。‎ The salary is 18,000 yuan a year, increasing by 3,000 yuan.年薪是一万八千元，增加了三千元。‎ Are you spreading rumours again？你又在散播谣言吗？‎ ‎(1)单项填空 After some further discussion between Kitty and Tammy about________ the village school system to other communities around Hebe, Kitty and I left.‎ A．expanding B．extending ‎ C．increasing D．spreading ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查动词辨析。题意：在Kitty和Tammy就村级学校体制推广到赫柏周边的其他社区进行了进一步商讨之后，我和Kitty就离开了。extend“扩展；延伸(范围)”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010湖南师大附中月考)Bad habits should be ________ that will do you harm.‎ A．expanded B．abandoned ‎ C．released D．reminded ‎【答案与解析】　B　题意：对你有害的坏习惯应当抛弃。abandon“抛弃；放弃”；expand“扩张”；release“发行；释放”；remind“提醒”。‎ ‎7．eager adj. 渴望的；热心的 be eager for sth 渴望得到……；热切 be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 be eager for sb to do sth 渴望某人干某事 be eager ＋ that从句 渴望……‎ ‎1)He ________ ________ ________ success. 他渴望成功。‎ ‎2)She ________ ________ ________ see her son. 她渴望见到儿子。‎ ‎3)Tom ________ ________ ________ you to come to the party. 汤姆期待你来参加晚会。‎ ‎4)The manager ________ ________ that the project (should) be started early. 经理热切盼望这项计划能早日进行。‎ ‎【答案】　1)was eager for　2)is eager to　3)was eager for 4)is eager anxious是eager的近义词，也常用于be anxious for, be anxious about, be anxious to do以及be anxious that...句型。‎ We are anxious for your safe return.我们盼望您平安归来。‎ He is anxious to see his wife.他渴望见到妻子。‎ She was anxious for them all to leave the room. 她希望他们全都离开这个房间。‎ She was anxious that he (should) come with her. 她渴望他能与她同行。‎ His parents were anxious about his safety. 他的父母很担心他的安全。‎ ‎(1)单项填空 My grandmother always gets a bit ________if we don't reach the house on time when we say we will.‎ A．anxious B．ashamed C．eager D．patient ‎【答案与解析】　A　anxious“着急的”；ashamed “惭愧的”；eager “渴望的”；patient “耐心的”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2011东北三校联考)After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, Chinese astronauts ________ walk in space.‎ A．anxious to do B．eager for ‎ C．are dying to D．are longing to ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　C　be dying to do sth “渴望做某事”。‎ ‎8．gradual adj. 逐渐的；逐步的 gradually adv. “逐渐地”，相当于little by little, bit by bit。‎ ‎1)It's a process of ________ development.这是一个逐渐发展的过程。‎ ‎2)There has been a ________ increase in the number of people owning cars.拥有汽车的人数在逐渐上升。‎ ‎【答案】　1)gradual　2)gradual ‎(1)单项填空 The club is discussing the problem right now. It will ________have been solved by the end of next Monday.‎ A．eagerly B．hopefully ‎ C．immediately D．gradually ‎【答案与解析】　B　本题主要考查副词词义辨析。hopefully“有希望地”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016辽宁十校一模) Cutting down trees without any purpose will gradually ________ harm to our environment.‎ A．make B．do C．Take D．pay ‎【答案与解析】　B　do harm to...“对……有害”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎9．present v. 赠送；提交 adj. 出席的 n. 礼 ‎1)The principal ________ a diploma to each of the graduates. ＝ The principal ________ each of the graduates with a diploma.校长授予每一位毕业生毕业证书。‎ ‎2)The prize ________ ________ to the winner. ＝ The winner was presented with the prize.优胜者获得奖品。‎ ‎3)About 300 papers ________ ________ at the conference.会上提交了大约三百篇论文。‎ present itself出现；呈现 present oneself出席；到场 at present目前；现在 at the present time 目前；现在 for the present目前；当前 up to the present至今；到现在为止 ‎4)He had to ________ a smiling face though heavy－hearted.虽然忧心忡忡，但他还得露出一副笑容。‎ ‎5)How many people were ________ at the meeting？到会的有多少人？‎ ‎6)I'm not at all satisfied with the ________ situation.我对目前的情况一点都不满意。‎ ‎7)He often gave his neighbor‘s kids little ________.他常常送些小礼物给邻居家的孩子们。‎ ‎【答案】　1)presented; presented　2)was presented ‎3)were presented　4)present　5)present　6)present ‎7)presents ‎(1)单项填空 All the young people ________ at the birthday party were his fans. ‎ A．present B．thankful C．interested D．important ‎【答案与解析】　A　考查形容词。present (adj.)在此作后置定语修饰all the young people。题意：所有出席生日晚会的年轻人都是他的崇拜者。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010河北邯郸模拟)Tom Brown knew he was only an athlete, but he ________ his own country.‎ A．presented B．expressed ‎ C．represented D．expected ‎【答案与解析】　C　represent“代表”。题意：汤姆布朗知道他只是个运动员，但代表了自己的国家。‎ 重点短语探究 ‎1．in a way 在某种程度上 in the way挡道；妨碍别人 in this way 用这种方法 all the way一路上；自始至终 on the way在路上 by the way顺便说 ‎1)________ ________ ________， you could say that everybody is selfish a little. 在某种意义上，你可以说每个人都是有点自私的。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________， I would prefer that they didn't come because it would mean extra work.在某种程度上我不希望他们来，因为这将意味着额外的工作。‎ ‎【答案】　1)In a way　2)In a way ‎(1)用way短语填空 ‎1)The grass land goes back ________ ________ ________to the foot of the mountain.‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________， would you please send these postcards for me on the way?‎ ‎3)________ ________ ________， he finally completed the whole distance in 40 hours.‎ ‎【答案】　1)all the way　2)By the way　3)In this way ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016四川绵阳南山中学模拟)Hearing the good news, the little girls ran ________ home.‎ A．in the way B．on the way ‎ C．by the way D．all her way ‎【答案与解析】　D　run all the way home“一直跑回家”。‎ ‎2．come across 遇到；碰见 ‎1)I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。‎ ‎2)Perhaps I shall________ ________ ________ somewhere in the park. 也许我会在公园的某个地方遇到他。‎ ‎3)You are the most direct young man ________ ________ ________ ________. 你是我所遇见的最直率的年轻人。‎ ‎【答案】　1)came across an old school friend　2)come across him　3)I've ever come ‎ across come about 发生；引起 come out 出版；出来 come to 来到；合计；总共是；苏醒过来 come to an end 结束 come up with 赶上；提出 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)你怎么两天后才告诉他这件事情呢？‎ How did it ________ ________ that you didn't tell it to him until two days later? ‎ ‎2)我想知道你的新书何时出版。‎ I want to know when your new book will _______ _______。 ‎ ‎3)科学家正绞尽脑汁，力求找到解决这个问题的办法。‎ The scientists are beating their brains trying to ________ ________ ________ a solution to the problem. ‎ ‎【答案】　1)come about　2)come out　3)come up with ‎ (2)名校押题 ‎(2016湖北黄冈模拟)—Do you know him?‎ ‎ —No. I've never remembered having ________ a man like that.‎ A.come across B.come out C.come about D.come up ‎【答案与解析】　A　 come across“碰到；遇见”。答语题意：不，我不记得曾遇见过像这样一个人。‎ ‎3．count on 依赖；指望 count on ＝ depend on count down 倒计时 count off 报数；报出数字 count out 不算在内；除外 ‎1)Thanks. I'll be ________ ________you. 谢谢。一切都要靠你了。‎ ‎2)That was the only thing they could ________ ________. 那是他们唯一能够依靠的东西。‎ ‎3)We can always ________ ________ him for help in any emergency. 我们总能指望他在紧急的情况下帮助我们。‎ ‎【答案】　1)counting on　2)count on　3)count on ‎(1)单项填空 I think we can ________Mr White to support us.‎ A．count down B．count out ‎ C．count off D．count on ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查动词短语的辨析。count on “依靠；依赖”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016东北师大附中模拟)In our modern society, more and more people depend on computers ________ problems of various kinds.‎ A．to solve B．solve ‎ C．solving D．to solving ‎【答案与解析】　A　该题为“depend on sth to do sth”结构，意为“依靠……做某事”。‎ ‎4．hold up 举起；阻挡；使停止；使停顿；阻碍 hold back ＝ keep back 抑制 hold down 保有(一份工作)；压抑；压低；控制 ‎ hold off 保持距离；不接近；拖延 hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下；不要挂 ‎ hold out 给予；提供；支持；继续；坚持；忍耐 ‎ ‎1)The chair was too weak ________ ________ ________________. 这椅子不牢，承受不住你。‎ ‎2)The sad mother ________ ________ her sadness for her children's sake. 这位伤心的母亲为了孩子们在控制自己的情绪。‎ ‎3)We________ ________ ________ for nearly an hour ________ ________ ________by the traffic accident. 我们在路上被交通事故耽搁近一个小时。‎ ‎4)His son ________ ________ ________ ________a model of hard work. 他的儿子被推举为勤奋工作的榜样。‎ ‎5)No one can ________ ________ the wheel of history. 谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。 ‎ ‎6)Could you ________ ________？ I'll just see if the manager's in. 你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。 ‎ ‎【答案】　1)to hold you up　2)held back　3)were held up; on our way　4)was held up as　5)hold back　6)hold on ‎(1)用hold短语的适当形式填空 ‎1)Don't worry. The house will ________ ________.‎ ‎2)They ________ ________ ________by fog. ‎ ‎3)How long will our food supplies ________ ________？ ‎ ‎4)They will ________ ________their decision until Monday.‎ ‎5)You should learn to ________ ________your anger.‎ ‎【答案】　1)hold up　2)were held up　3)hold out ‎4)hold off　5)hold back ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2010 山东肥城一模)________a moment and I will go to your rescue.‎ A．Go on B．Hold on ‎ C．Move on D．Carry on ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查动词短语辨析。go on“继续”；hold on“抓住不放；坚持”；move on“继续前进”；carry on“继续进行”。根据后句的“I will go to your rescue”可知，这里应是“坚持住，别松手”。‎ ‎2)(2010黄冈中学一模)There was a big hole in the road which ________ the traffic. ‎ A．took up B．brought back ‎ C．kept back D．held up ‎【答案与解析】　D　take up“开始从事； 占用”；bring back“拿回来；使回忆起来；使恢复”；keep back“落在后面”；hold up“使停止；使停顿；阻碍”。‎ ‎5．figure out 算出；想出；理解 figure of speech 修辞手段 figure skating 花样滑冰 figured adj. 有花纹图案的 ‎1)It didn't take the children long ________ ________ ________ the correct answer.孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。‎ ‎2)The boy can't ________ ________ the algebra problem.这个男孩解不出这道代数题。‎ ‎3)I can't ________ ________ why he quit his job.我捉摸不透他为什么要辞掉工作。‎ ‎【答案】　1)to figure out　2)figure out　3)figure out ‎(1)单项填空 The present situation is very complex, so they think it will take them quite a long time to ________ its reality.‎ A.make up B.figure out C.look through D.put off ‎【答案与解析】　B　make up “组成；化妆；编造”； figure out “算出；想出；理解”； look through “浏览”；put off “推迟”。题意：目前的形势非常复杂，因此他们认为要花相当长的一段时间来弄清它的真相。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016湖南张家界高三调研)Mary couldn't ________ why her cake tasted so funny until she found salt mixed in the sugar bag.‎ A．figure out B．take out C．put out D．bring out ‎【答案与解析】　A　 figure out“想出；弄明白”。题意：玛丽弄不清楚为什么她的蛋糕尝起来如此古怪，直到她发现了混在糖包里的盐。‎ ‎6．put up with忍受；容忍 put away 放好；收好；储存 put aside 储存；保留 put across 解释清楚；说明 put down 记下；放下；镇压；平定 put forward 提出；建议；把……向前拨 put in 驶进 put out 熄灭；消灭；关(灯)；出版；发布；生产 put off 推迟；延期 put on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加(体重)‎ put up 提出；举起；升起；提(价)；为……提供食宿；建造 ‎1)I don't know how his parents ________ ________ ________ his strange behaviour. 我不知道他的父母如何忍受他的怪异行为。‎ ‎2)Poor English makes him have difficulty ________ ________ ________ ________. ‎ 蹩脚的英语使他难以表达自己的想法。‎ ‎3)The fire brigade soon ________ ________ the fire. 消防队员很快就把火扑灭了。‎ ‎4)You're welcome to ________ ________ in my home for the night. 欢迎你们在我家过夜。‎ ‎【答案】　1)put up with　2)putting his ideas across ‎3)put out　4)put up ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)She could hardly ________ ________ ________ that fellow any longer.她再也不能忍受那家伙了。‎ ‎2)He ________ ________ a very good suggestion at the meeting. 他在会上提出了一个很好的建议。‎ ‎【答案】　 1) put up with　2)put forward ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010福建高三质检)—He always has some behaviors that are not easy to________. ‎ ‎—No wonder he has no good friends.‎ A．put aside B．put up with ‎ C．think of D．get along with ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　B　前句题意：他有很多方面难以让人忍受。put aside“储存；保留”；put up with“容忍；忍受”；think of“想起”；get along with“与……相处”。‎ ‎7．in particular 尤其；特别地 in particular 是一个介词短语，其语法功能相当于副词，在句中作状语，其反义词组为in general。‎ ‎1)It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song ________ ________. 那是场不错的音乐会——我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。‎ ‎2)His statement refers to people ________ ________， not to anyone ________ ________. 他的发言泛指一般人， 不是针对某一个人的。 ‎ ‎3)She stressed that point ________ ________.她特别强调了那一点。‎ ‎【答案】　1)in particular　2)in general; in particular ‎3)in particular ‎(1)单项填空 ‎—Does this dress fit Mary?‎ ‎—I don't know. She is very ________ about what she wears. ‎ A．especial B．special C．particular D．general ‎【答案与解析】　C　especial “尤其的；特别的”； special “专门的；特别的”； particular “挑剔的；特别的”； general “大体的；大致的”。be particular about “对……挑剔”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2011武汉一模)In ________， the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice. ‎ A．common B．total ‎ C．general D．particular ‎【答案与解析】　C　in common“共同的；共有的”；in total“总共”；in general“一般地；总的来说”；in particular“特别；尤其”。‎ ‎8．refer to 查阅；参考；谈到；提到；适用于；涉及 refer to...as...把……称作……‎ refer...to...把……提交给……；把……委托给……‎ ‎1)Please ________ ________ ________ if you don't know how to pronounce the word.‎ 如果你不知道这个单词如何发音，请查字典。‎ ‎2)The old soldier ________ ________ ________ ________ during the Long March. 老战士谈到了长征时的一些经历。 ‎ ‎3)These books ________ ________ ________ ________. 这些书涉及亚洲的问题。 ‎ ‎【答案】　1)refer to the dictionary　2)referred to his experiences　3)refer to Asian problems ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)他被称作是一个活雷锋。‎ He ________ ________ ________ ________ a living Lei Feng. ‎ ‎2)汤姆打算把这件事提交到会议上去处理。‎ Tom is going to ________ ________ ________ ________ the meeting. ‎ ‎【答案】　1)is referred to as　2)refer the matter to ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010湖南娄底模拟)The boy guessed the meaning of the new words without ________ the dictionary.‎ ‎ A．bringing up B．referring to ‎ C．looking for D．trying on ‎【答案与解析】　B　refer to“参考；参阅”。题意：男孩没查字典而只是凭空猜测那些新单词的意思。‎ ‎9．now that 既然 连词now that 引导让步状语从句，意为“既然”，相当于since。在口语中now that中的 that可以省略。‎ ‎1)________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we can begin. 既然约翰到了，我们可以开始了。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we've got a lot of extra space. 孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就更宽松了。‎ ‎【答案】　1)Now that John has arrived　2)Now that the kids have left home ‎(1)其他引导原因状语从句的连词还有：because, since, as, for。‎ because “因为”，表示理由充分的因果关系，用于强调句型和回答以why开头的疑问句。‎ since “既然”，可与now that互换，表示显而易见的原因。‎ as “由于”，较because弱。‎ for “因为”，是介乎并列连词和从属连词之间的一个词。它引导一个分句，不能置于句首，对上文起补充说明作用。‎ ‎(2)表示原因的其他介词短语：‎ due to 由于 because of 因为 owing to 由于；因为 thanks to 多亏；由于 as a result of (＝ because of)因为 on account of 由于；因为 for the sake of 由于……的缘故；看在……的份上 ‎(1)单项填空 ‎—Have you got any idea for the winter vacation?‎ ‎—I don't mind where we are intended to go ________ there's sun, sea and beach.‎ A．as if B．as long as C．now that D．in order that ‎【答案与解析】　B ‎　考查连词。答语题意：我不介意我们去哪，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就行。as if “好像”；as long as“只要”；now that “既然”；in order that “为了；以便”。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2016苏北四市模拟)________ you are free tonight, why not go to the movies with me?‎ A．As if B．For C．Even if D．Now that ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　D　how that此处表让步。题意：既然今晚你有空，为什么不和我一起去看电影呢？‎ ‎10．on the other hand 另一方面 on the other hand 常与on (the) one hand一起使用。on (the) one hand...，on the other hand...表示“一方面……，另一方面……”之意。on the other hand也可以单独使用。‎ ‎1)________ ________ ________ the price is high, but ________ ________ ________ ________ the quality is poor. 一方面价格高，但另一方面质量却差。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ I have to work; ________ ________ ________ ________ I have many visitors to receive. 一方面我必须工作；另一方面我有许多客人要接待。‎ ‎3)________ ________ ________， I am your teacher, and ________ ________ ________ ________， I am also your friend. 一方面我是你的老师，另一方面，我也是你的朋友。‎ ‎4)He is an able man, but ________ ________ ________ ________ he demands too much of people. 他是一个能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太高了。‎ ‎【答案】　1)On one hand; on the other hand　2)On one hand; on the other hand　3)On one hand; on the other hand　4)on the other hand ‎(1)单项填空 ‎ I would like a job which pays more, but ________ I prefer the work I'm undertaking at the present time.‎ A．in other words B．on the other hand C．for one thing D．as a matter of fact ‎【答案与解析】　B　on the other hand“另一方面”，符合题意。题意：我想要一份薪水更高的工作，但另一方面，我更喜欢目前的工作。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎(2010北京丰台区高三年级第二学期统一练习) He fell from the wall. ________， he was unable to go to work the next day.‎ A．Instead of B．On the other hand C．As a result of D．As a result ‎【答案与解析】　D　instead of“代替”；on the other hand“另一方面”；as a result“结果；因此”；as a result of后要接宾语。题意：他从墙上掉了下来，结果第二天没去上班。‎ 重点句型探究 ‎1．However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history. 但是，与城市的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。‎ it is / was ＋被强调部分＋ who(m) / that ＋句子其他部分，构成强调句型，在此结构中，it 无实际意义；被强调部分可以是人、物、时间、地点等；is和was的使用，取决于原非强调句的时。一般来说，原句若是现在时，用is；原句若是过去时，则用was。‎ 原句：I bought a cell phone yesterday.昨天我买了部手机。‎ 强调句：It was a cell phone that I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的手机。‎ 此句式可以强调主语、宾语、状语等。强调主语时，如果主语是人，可用who / that 引导后面的部分；如果主语是物，则只能用that。强调宾语时，若强调部分是人，用whom / that；若强调部分是物，则用that。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 就在那一天，人们庆祝了他们的胜利。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　It was on that day that people celebrated their victory.‎ ‎1)It is not only deaf people________make this kind of mistakes. 绝不只是有听力障碍的人才犯这样的错误。‎ ‎2)It is Li Lei's brother________you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所见到的就是李蕾的兄弟。‎ ‎3)It was in the room________we used to have meetings. 我们开会就在这房间里。‎ ‎【答案】　1)who / that / whom　2)that　3)that 强调句在疑问句中的应用：‎ ‎(1)一般疑问句 Was it Mary whom / that you met yesterday？你昨天见到的是玛丽吗？‎ Was it in 1937 that the war broke out？战争是在1937年爆发的吗？‎ ‎(2)特殊疑问句 Who was it that broke the window？是谁打碎了窗户？‎ What is it that you are looking for？你在找什么？‎ ‎(1)单项填空 It was not until two o'clock in the morning ________ they reached the destination. ‎ A．that B．when C．while D．as ‎【答案与解析】　A　考查强调句型。“it was ＋被强调部分not until... morning (‎ 介词短语，表示时间)＋ that ＋句子其他部分”构成强调句。答案只能选A项。‎ ‎(2)名校押题 ‎1)(2016银川市期末联考)I just don't understand___ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. A.why it does B．what it does C．what it is D．why it is ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查宾语从句中的强调句使用。可以将原句恢复为“It is what that prevents so many Americans...”但是英语中疑问代词或副词需放句首。‎ ‎2)(2016湖南雅礼中学四次月考)________found my wallet, Tom? ‎ A．Where did you that B．Where was it you ‎ C．Where have you 　　 D．Where was it that you ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查强调句，强调地点状语。‎ ‎2．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch. 这是海伦第一次明白这样一个复杂的词——一个表示她触摸不到的东西的词。‎ It is / was the first time that...“这是第一次做……”，在此句型中，that 可省略，it可换成this或that，first可换成second，third等，以表达不同的意义。需要注意的是在该句型中，如果主句用一般现在时，从句要用现在完成时；若主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去完成时。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 这是我第一次看如此有趣的电影。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　This is the first time that I have seen such an interesting film.‎ ‎1)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________he had attended such an important meeting. 那是他第一次参加如此重要的会议。‎ ‎2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________in Olympic history that five mascots have been chosen. 这是奥林匹克历史上第一次选出了五个吉祥物。‎ ‎3)______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______my father had been to the United States. 那是我爸爸第三次去美国。‎ ‎【答案】　1)That was the first time that　2)It is the first time　3)That was the third time that It is time... “该做……的时候了”。常用于以下几种结构：‎ It is time for sth It is time to do sth It is time for sb to do sth It is time that sb should do sth It is (high / about) time (that) sb did sth ‎(1)完成句子 ‎1)这是你第一次爬泰山吗？‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________you have climbed Mount Tai?‎ ‎2)那是他第二次获得英语竞赛的一等奖。‎ That was the second time that________ ________ ________ _______ ______________in the English contest.‎ ‎【答案】　1)Is this the first time that　2)he had won the first prize ‎ (2)名校押题 ‎1)(2016 浙江长兴一模) —Have you ever come here before?‎ ‎—No, it is the first time that I ________ to this city. ‎ A．come B．came ‎ C．had come D．have come ‎【答案与解析】　D　在It is / was the first time that...句型中，如果主句用一般现在时，从句要用现在完成时。‎ ‎2)(2016江苏泰州二模)It is strange that they fell in love with each other ________ they met.‎ A．for the first time B．at the first time C．in the first time D．the first time ‎【答案与解析】　D　the first time“第一次”，在此相当于连词。‎ 高考真题探究 ‎1．(2016 上海，33)Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories.‎ A．amused　　　　　　 B．amusing ‎ C．to amuse D．to be amused ‎【答案与解析】　A　考查非谓语动词。keep ＋ sb / sth ＋ adj.“让某人……”。根据题意，sb与其后面的动词成被动关系，故选A项。‎ ‎2．Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ________ sweet dreams.‎ A．keep up with B．put up with ‎ C．end up with D．catch up with ‎【答案与解析】　C　考查动词词组。keep up with“保持”；put up with“忍受”；end up with“以……结束”；catch up with“赶上”。题意：在睡觉前闻一闻花，你可能做一个甜美的梦。‎ ‎3．It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they ________ for me.‎ A．had done B．did ‎ C．would do D．were doing ‎【答案与解析】　A　考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，表示感谢就已经是过去，而帮助则是过去的过去。‎ ‎4．—What's the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs. ‎ ‎—________. It must be the window－cleaner working next door. ‎ A．I'm not sure B．I hope not ‎ C．I'd rather not D．I don't think so ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查交际用语。I'm not sure“我不确信”；I hope not“我希望不会”；I'd rather not“我宁愿不”；I don't think so“我认为不会”。根据应答句的后一部分可知所填部分表示对前一人的观点的否定，故选D项。‎ ‎5．I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ________ it. Was it you?‎ A．has done B．had done ‎ C．would do D．will do ‎ ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查动词时态。该空动作发生在“was just going to cut”之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。题意：我正要修剪我的蔷薇丛但(发现)有人已经将它剪了。是你修剪的吗？‎ ‎6．— Her father is very rich.‎ ‎—________ She wouldn't accept his help even if it were offered.‎ A．What for? B．So what? ‎ C．No doubt. D．No wonder.‎ ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查交际用语。题意：“她父亲非常富裕。”“那又怎么样？即使给她帮助，她也不会接受的。”so what“那又怎么样”；what for“为了什么”；no doubt “毫无疑问”；no wonder “毫不奇怪”。‎ ‎7．I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.‎ A．sell B．were selling ‎ C．had sold D．have sold ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查动词时态。根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。‎ ‎8．(—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?‎ ‎—________. Ours is much stronger than theirs.‎ A．Of course B．It depends ‎ C．Don't mention it D．By no means ‎【答案与解析】　D　考查情景交际。根据答句中的“Ours is much stronger than theirs”可知D项by no means “绝对不可能”。of course“当然”； it depends“看情况而定”；don't mention it“不要提”。‎ ‎9．(2010辽宁，25)We were astonished ________ the temple still in its original condition.‎ A．finding B．to find ‎ C．find D．to be found ‎【答案与解析】　B　考查非谓语动词。be astonished 后应该跟动词不定式作状语。题意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然维持原来的状况。‎ ‎10．This special school accepts all disabled students，________educational level and background.‎ A．according to B．regardless of ‎ C．in addition to D．in terms of ‎【答案与解析】　B　 according to“根据”；regardless of“不管；不顾”；in addition to ‎“另外”；in terms of“就……而言”。题意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。‎ 模拟试题探究 ‎1．(2016浙江南马高级中学高三期中)It's the duty of the police to ________ order. ‎ A．present 　　　　 B．prepare ‎ C．prevent D．preserve ‎【答案与解析】　D　题意：维护秩序是警察的职责。present“提出；呈现”；prepare“准备”；prevent“防止；预防”；preserve“保护；维护；维持”。‎ ‎2．(2016 安徽) —How did you like Nick's performance last night?‎ ‎—To be honest, his singing didn't ________to me much. ‎ A．appeal B．belong ‎ C．refer D．occur ‎【答案与解析】　A　 belong to“属于”；refer to“涉及；参考”；occur to“想到”；appeal to“对……有吸引力”。题意：“你认为昨晚尼克的表演如何？”“说实话，他的演唱并不太吸引我。”‎ ‎3．(2016浙江温州八校高三联考) ________ you've got a chance to go abroad for further study, why not seize it?‎ A．Now that B．As though ‎ C．In case D．Ever since ‎【答案与解析】　A　这四个短语都可以引导状语从句，但所表达含义不同。now that“既然”；as though“犹如；好像”；in case“以防，万一”；ever since“自从”。题意：既然你有机会出国深造，为什么不抓住机会？‎ ‎4．(2015浙江杭州学军中学高三上学期期中)Scientific researches show that to ________ a language one had better often get exposed to it. ‎ A．acquire B．access ‎ C．acknowledge D．assess ‎【答案与解析】　A　题意：科学研究表明要学好一门语言，那么这个人最好能处于这种语言环境之中。acquire“获得；学到”；access“接近；使用”；acknowledge“承认；告知收到”；assess“对……进行评价、评估”。‎ ‎5．(2016河南焦作高三上学期期中)I can hardly ________ very loud noise while I am studying.‎ A．keep away from B．put up with ‎ C．have efforts on D．get rid of ‎【答案与解析】　B　题意：我在学习的时候无法容忍非常大的噪音。put up with“忍受；容忍”；keep away from“使避开；使远离”；get rid of “摆脱；远离”。‎