2019届一轮复习人教版必修一unit1friendship学案

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一unit1friendship学案

Unit 1 friendship学案 一、重点词汇 考点1．upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦，打乱(upset; upset)‎ ‎【教材原句】Your friend comes to school very upset.‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ be upset about 对……感到心烦 It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是……‎ It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快 upset the plan 搅乱了计划 考点2．ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视；不顾(强调“装作不知道或没看到”‎ ‎【教材原句】Ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的 ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道 ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假装不知道或未见 be ignorant of/about sth.＝be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事 考点3．concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系 ‎【教材原句】Tell your friend that you are concerned about him.‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ concerning prep. 关于 concerned adj. 关心的；挂念的；有关的 show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 have concern with 和……有关系 with concern 关切地 concern oneself about/for 担忧/关心……‎ concern oneself with 从事，参与…… concern sb./sth. 与……有关 be concerned about/over/for 关心，挂念 be concerned with/in 牵扯进/参与……‎ all parties concerned 有关各方 as/so far as... be concerned 就……而言 考点4．series n. 系列；连续 a series of一连串的；一系列的 a series of exams 一连串的考试 a TV series 一部电视连续剧 ‎【教材原句】“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本 日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎(1)series 属于单复数同形的单词，类似的单词还有 means, species, works(工厂)，deer, fish, sheep 等。‎ ‎(2)“a series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数，但“these/those series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ 考点5．settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决 ‎【教材原句】She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place, because she was concerned about whether they would be discovered.她觉得在藏身之处难以安定和平静下来，因为她担心他们是否会被发现。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ settle in/into (使)适应(新的家、工作、环境等)，习惯于；安顿下来 settle down 安居下来；定居，过安定生活，舒适地坐下或躺下 settle on/upon 同意，决定；在某处停留/栖息 settle down to n．/v.－ing get down to n．/v.－ing开始认真做……，专心于…… settle one's affairs 安排/解决好自己的事情 settle a dispute/an argument 解决争端 考点6．suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 ‎【教材原句】She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. 她非常孤独，但她却不得不学着喜欢它。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ suffering n. (身体、精神上的)痛苦，苦恼、苦难的经历 suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难 suffer from 受……折磨，受……之苦；患……疾病 考点7．recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recovery n. 恢复，复原；复得 ‎【教材原句】How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it’s so dirty and dusty?在这种脏并且布满灰尘的房间里，琳达的病怎么会恢复呢？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ recover from sth. 从……中恢复到正常状态 ‎(如健康、神智等)‎ recover sth. from... 从……中找回、重新获得 recover oneself 清醒过来 recover one's health/senses 恢复健康/知觉 二、重点短语 考点1．add up ‎【教材原句】Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分数加起来看看你能得多少分。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ add up 合计 add sth. up 把……加起来 add up to 加起来共计/达 add...to... 把……加在/上……‎ add to 增加；增添 add that...补充说 考点2．go through ‎【教材原句】Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前经历的困境呢？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ go through ‎＝experience 经历，经受 ‎＝examine carefully 仔细检查 ‎＝look through 浏览，翻阅 ‎＝pass (through) 通过，经过 ‎＝be used up 用完 考点3．set down ‎【教材原句】“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ set down ‎(1)＝write down 写下，记下 ‎(2)＝put down 放下，搁下 ‎(3)＝stop and allow sb. to get off 让某人下车 ‎(4)＝explain or describe to oneself as 解释为，认为(与 as 连用)‎ set about doing sth.开始干某事(＝set out to do sth.)‎ set sb. a good example为……树立好榜样 考点4. in order to ‎【教材原句】For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ in order to 为了……‎ ‎(1)in order to 引导的目的状语，可置于句首或句末，可换成 to (do sth.)。‎ so as to 引导的目的状语，其位置一般在句末。‎ ‎(2)否定结构：in order not to do 和 so as not to do。‎ ‎(3)前后两部分主语一致时，才能用 in order to 或 so as to 来引导，否则，改用 so that 或 in order that 来引导。‎ 考点5．get along ‎【例句研读】I’m getting along well with a boy in my class.我和我们班上的一位男生一直相处的很好。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ get along/on with与……相处 ‎ get along/on well/nicely with....进展(谈及或问及工作情况)‎ get along/on(well)with sb与某人相处(得好)‎ get along/on(well/smoothly)with sth某事进展(得很好/很顺利) ‎ get back 返回，回去；寻回，找回 get in 到达；收割；上班 get over 解决；克服；控制 表示“进展，进行”时，get along＝get on，其中along和on是副词，其后不能直接加宾语。‎ 三、经典句型 考点1 分词短语作状语 ‎【教材原句】While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。‎ ‎【句法分析】While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。在when, while,‎ ‎ if, as if, though, as, where, unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①When (I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。‎ ‎②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.我边等待，边看报纸。‎ ‎③If (it were) not for you, we would not go there.要不是为你，我们就不会去那儿了。‎ ‎④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。‎ ‎⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted.尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。‎ ‎⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所给词填空，必要的地方改变形式。‎ ‎⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】考查现在分词作状语，改写句子的原则是主句和从句的主语一致。这个句型是提高写作句子水平的重要手段。‎ 考点2 should have done结构的虚拟语气 ‎【教材原句】...tell him/her that he/she should have studied... ……告诉他/她本该学习……‎ ‎【句法分析】should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldn't have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。‎ ‎②You shouldn't have told him about it.你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。‎ 拓展：其他“情态动词＋have＋done”结构：‎ ‎(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。‎ ‎(2)can't/couldn't have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。‎ ‎(3)needn't have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。‎ ‎(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done ‎(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。‎ ‎(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。‎ ‎(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】含有should虚拟语气的用法 考点3 含有the+序数词+time句型的时态 ‎【教材原句】...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...‎ ‎……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……‎ ‎【句法分析】It is/was the first time(that)．..这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。‎ ‎(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be the first time that...后接现在完成时。‎ ‎(2)the first time可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。‎ The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.‎ 我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。‎ ‎(3)for the first time意为“第一次”，单独用做状语。‎ He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。‎ ‎②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。‎ ‎③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.那将是我第二次获得该奖。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】考查动词时态 考点4 with的复合结构 ‎【教材原句】Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。‎ ‎【句法分析】“with＋n.＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎①He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺着，眼瞅着天空。‎ ‎②With his homework done, he went out to play.完成作业，他就出去玩了。‎ ‎③With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house.有导游带路，我们将不费力地找到他家。‎ ‎④He came in, with a book in his hand.他手里拿着一本书走了进来。‎ ‎⑤He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已经习惯了开着窗户睡觉。‎ ‎⑥He often sleeps with the light on.他经常开着灯睡觉。‎ ‎【考点聚焦】with的复合结构 考点5 强调句型 ‎【教材原句】I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。‎ ‎【句法分析】‎ It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who…强调句　‎ ‎(1)强调句一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who…？‎ ‎(2)强调句特殊疑问句形式：疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who…？‎ ‎【注意事项】‎ ‎(1)判断方法：将强调句型中的“It is/was”，“that/who”同时去掉，看剩下的部分句子结构是否仍然完整。若完整，则是强调句型；反之，则不是。‎ ‎(2)强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时，应注意其形式：仍用主格或宾格形式。‎ ‎(3)强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎1.It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.‎ 直到我到这里我才意识到此地不仅因其美丽，更因其天气而闻名。‎ ‎2.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village that the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. ‎ 正是女主人用她在村庄里购买的一些必需品才烹调出这么美味的晚宴。‎ 三、语法讲解 直接引语和间接引语(一)‎ 如何把一个直接引语变成间接引语呢？‎ 口诀：‎ 直引变间引，莫忘三要素： 引导词、时态和语序。‎ 引导词带头从句前，‎ 主谓语序随后跟，‎ 谓语时态随主句。‎ 引导词特好记，‎ 陈述句用that，‎ 一般疑问用是否(if/whether)，‎ 特殊疑问不变更。‎ 直接引语变间接引语要注意：‎ ‎1．直接引语为陈述句时，引导词that通常可以省略，但当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，仅能省略第一个that, 其余的that不能省略。‎ ‎2．人称的变化 口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不变更。‎ ‎(1)“一随主”。 若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称一致。‎ ‎(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称一致。‎ ‎(3)“第三人称不变更”。 直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。‎ ‎3．时态的变化 主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时态的时候，直接引语变间接引语，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。‎ 注意：如果直接引语是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，从句时态不变。‎ ‎4．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 this→that　these→those now→then　ago→before ‎ today→that day　yesterday→the day before tomorrow→the next/following day here→there　come→go ‎5．语序的变化 ‎(1)如果直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时语序不变。‎ ‎(2)如果直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，先加上if 或whether ，然后变成陈述句语序。‎ ‎(3)如果直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，疑问词不变，同时变成陈述句语序。‎ ‎ ‎