复合句专项训练 中考英语 有答案

复合句专项训练 中考英语 有答案

专题十三 复合句 专题三　复合句 ‎ ‎ 专题十三　复合句 宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句 ‎ ‎ 考点 河南省近五年中考统计 高频考点 ‎　题型 年份 ‎2017‎ ‎2016‎ ‎2015‎ ‎2014‎ ‎2018‎ 宾语从句 单项选择 ‎/‎ ‎35题 ‎35题 ‎35题 ‎34题 ‎★★☆‎ 完形填空 ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎44题 ‎/‎ ‎/‎ 定语从句 单项选择 ‎33题 ‎32题 ‎33题 ‎30题 ‎33题 ‎★★★‎ 状语从句 单项选择 考情分析详见连词的中考解读部分，主要考查状语从句中从属连词的辨析与应用。‎ ‎★★☆‎ 从近5年的河南真题来分析，宾语从句和定语从句是考查重点。具体特点有：‎ 宾语从句：主要在单项选择35题考查(2017，2018年除外)，仅在2015年完形填空中涉及一次。其考查形式有两种：时态一致、语序和引导词不同；语序、引导词和时态都不同。‎ 定语从句：均在单项选择(必考，1题/年)中考查，主要考查关系代词who, that, which引导的限制性定语从句.‎ 预测2019年河南中考的单项选择会出现1道题来考查宾语从句，至少涉及2个考查点。还会出一道定语从句的题目 ‎ ‎ 考点 宾语从句(★★☆)‎ 在复合句中充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句，宾语从句可以作动词、形容词、过去分词或介词的宾语。宾语从句主要考查三要素：引导词、语序、时态。‎ ‎1. 宾语从句的引导词 ‎(1) that在从句中作宾语时可省略，本身无意义，只起连接作用。‎ ‎(2) what, when, where, how, who, whom, whose, whatever等特殊疑问词作连接词。‎ ‎(3) 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表示“是否”。‎ ‎2. 宾语从句的语序 从句必须用陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。‎ I don't know where he lives. ‎ ‎　　　　　　↓　 ↓ ↓‎ ‎　 　　　引导词 主语 谓语 ‎3. 宾语从句的时态 ‎(1) 主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。‎ I think he has finished his homework.我觉得他已经完成他的作业了。‎ ‎(2) 主句是过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。‎ Kate said that she was shopping at this time yesterday. 凯特说昨天的这个时候她正在购物。‎ ‎(3) 当从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。‎ Yesterday Miss Li said that the earth goes around the sun.昨天李老师说地球围绕着太阳转。‎ ‎【温馨提示】①有些疑问词作句子主语，问句本身是陈述句语序，在变成宾语从句时，语序无变化。‎ Do you know what is happening over there？你知道那边正发生什么事吗？‎ ‎②宾语从句的简化：当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同， 且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, ask, tell, show, teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。‎ She doesn't know when she should go there.＝She doesn't know when to go there.她不知道什么时候去那里。‎ ‎③宾语从句的否定转移：当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时，且主句的主语是第一人称时，后接从句的否定词要前移。‎ I don't think I know you.我想我不认识你。‎ ‎【解题技巧】逐步排除法：先用语序判断(陈述语序)→再用时态求证(主从句时态一致)→最后用引导词意思去决定。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎1. (2016河南)—What did Tom say to you just now, John?‎ ‎—He asked ____.‎ A. why I am so happy today B. what will I do for the weekend C. Who did I play football with after school D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight ‎2. (2015河南)—Hi, Tony! Do you know____？‎ ‎—Yes, there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.‎ A. when I can get a cup of coffee B. when can I get a cup of coffee C. where I can get a cup of coffee D. where can I get a cup of coffee ‎3. (2014河南)—Excuse, can you tell me ____？‎ ‎—Sorry, I don't. You can go to the information desk.‎ A. that there is a train B. when the train leaves C. which train can I take D. where does the train go ‎4. (2013河南)—Miss Lee, I didn't catch what you said. Could you tell me ____again?‎ ‎—OK!‎ A. what should we take ‎ B. where shall we meet C. when we would start ‎ D. how we will get there ‎5.(2017咸宁中考)—Excuse me, can you tell me________？‎ ‎—Sorry, I am too busy now. Why not search the Internet for information?‎ A．how does smog(雾霾)come into being B．where the national space station lies ‎ C．why are tigers becoming fewer now ‎ D．how many years did the Qin empire last ‎6.(2017襄阳中考)—What did the manager ask you after the meeting?‎ ‎—She asked me________．‎ A．what I do for the project last week ‎ B．if can I finish the work on time C．how did I deal with the problem ‎ D．why I was late for the meeting ‎7.(2017涿州一模)—Could you tell me________．‎ ‎—Reading newspapers. ‎ A．what you are doing ‎ B．where you are going ‎ ‎ C．how you are going to library D．why you are like reading ‎ ‎8.(2017石家庄18县联考)—Could you tell me________．‎ ‎—The day after tomorrow，I think.‎ A．when will you visit　　B．when you will visit C．when you would visit D．when would you visit ‎9.(石家庄新华中考模拟)—Could you tell me ________ tomorrow?‎ ‎—Shanghai.‎ A．how they are playing B．what they are doing C．where they are going D．if they are flying there ‎10.(升学三模)—I wonder ________．‎ ‎—They are friendly and easy to take care of.‎ A．why people keep pet dogs B．when people walk pet dogs C．how people keep pet dogs D．where people buy pet dogs ‎11.(2016裕华中考模拟)—Could you tell me ________ for traveling this summer?‎ ‎—We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Sanya.‎ A．where your family will go B．how will your family go C．how your family will go D．where will your family go Keys: 1-5 DCBDB 6-10 DABCA 11A 考点 定语从句(★★★)‎ 在复合句中充当定语的句子称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。‎ That's the thing that I would tell you. 这就是我要告诉你的事情。‎ ‎　　　　 ↓　　↓ 　　　↓‎ ‎　 　 先行词　引导词　 从句 定语从句的引导词主要分为：‎ 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词：when, where, why ‎1. 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 whose ‎(1)Do you know the girl who/that often comes here? 你认识经常来这里的那个女孩吗？(指人，作主语)‎ ‎(2)He's the boy (who/that/whom) I talked with just now. 他就是刚才和我说话的男孩。(指人，作宾语)‎ ‎(3)What's the name of the boy whose father is a doctor? 父亲是名医生的那个男孩的名字是什么？(指人，作定语)‎ ‎(4)My brother likes the books which/that were written by Mark Twain. 我弟弟喜欢马克·吐温写的书。(指物，作主语)‎ ‎(5)It's a nice gift(which/that)you bought for me. 你给我买了个很好看的礼物。(指物，作宾语)‎ ‎(6)This is my room whose door is red. 这个红色门的房间是我的。(指物，作定语)‎ ‎2. 关系代词的特殊用法 ‎(1) 只用关系代词that的情况：‎ ‎①先行词是不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, some, none等时。‎ Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你效劳吗？‎ ‎②先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。‎ This is the very book that I'm looking for. 这正是我在找的那本书。‎ ‎③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。‎ This is the first letter that I've written in Japanese. 这是我用日语写的第一封信。‎ ‎④先行词既指人又指物时。‎ They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.‎ ‎ 他们谈论了他们拜访过的教师和学校。‎ ‎⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。‎ Who is the man that is standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁？‎ ‎(2) 只用关系代词who的情况：‎ ‎①先行词是one, anyone, everyone, all, none, those等时。‎ Those who have good manners will be respected. 有良好礼节的人会受到人们的尊重。‎ ‎②当先行词指人且有较长的后置定语时。‎ I met a foreigner in the street who could speak Chinese well. 我在街上遇到一位可以把中文说得很好的外国人。‎ ‎3．关系副词的用法 类别 用法 when 在定语从中作时间状语，其先行词是year, season, day等。‎ where 在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是place，school, room等。‎ why 在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词为the reason。‎ ‎(1)I never forgot the day when we met in the airport. 我永远不会忘记在飞机场我们见面的那一天。‎ ‎(2)He is looking for a place where trees can grow in water. 他正在找一个树可以生长在水里的地方。‎ ‎(3)Do you know the reason why he was absent today? 你知道他今天没来的原因吗？‎ ‎【解题技巧】“三看”原则：一看指人还是物；二看句中作何用(所作成分)；三看是否属特殊。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎1. (2017河南)I hate the dogs____ live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.‎ A. who B. that ‎ C. what D. whom ‎2. (2016河南)Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience_____people cannot get at home.‎ A. that B. who ‎ C. whom D. what ‎3. (2015河南)—Why don't you like fishing?‎ ‎—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience, but I'm not patient at all.‎ A. who B. that C. it D. what ‎4. (2014河南)“Underground” is the only word in the English language ____ begins and ends with the letters “und”．‎ A. what B. that C. who D. whom ‎5. (河南)A friend is someone____says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one！”‎ A. who B. which C. what D. whose ‎6.(2017广东中考)According to a survey, people________are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. ‎ A．which B．whom C．whose D．who ‎ ‎7.(2017随州中考)—Why are you so worried? ‎ ‎—I've lost the watch________my dad bought me on my birthday.‎ A．what B．who C．whose D．which ‎8.(2017十堰中考)This is a heartwarming story about a boy________saved his mother's life.‎ A．which B．who C．whose D．whom ‎9.(2017眉山中考)Lily loves music________she can sing along with.‎ A．which B．who C．what D．whom Keys: 1-5 BABBA 6-9DDBA 考点 状语从句(★★☆)‎ ‎1．状语从句的类别 河南中考对状语从句的考查会与从属连词结合，主要在状语从句中考查从属连词的辨析与应用。‎ ‎1． 状语从句的类别：‎ 状语从句 的分类 从句的引导词 例句 时间状 语从句 when/while/as(当……时)，before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自从)，not…until(直到……才)，as soon as(一……就)‎ I was doing my homework when my mother came in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。‎ He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。‎ 条件状 语从句 if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)‎ Unless bad weather stops me，I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。‎ 原因状 语从句 because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)‎ I like to eat apples because it's good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果，因为它对我的健康有益。‎ Since everyone is here，let's begin our meeting.既然每个人都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。‎ 目的状 语从句 so that(以便；为了)，in order that(为了)‎ He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早，为了能赶上公交车。‎ 结果状 语从句 so that(结果是)，so…that/such…that(如此……以至于)‎ It's so hot that nobody wants to go out.天太热，以至于没人想出去。‎ 让步状 语从句 though/although(尽管；虽然)，even if(即使)，whatever(无论什么)，wherever(无论哪里)，whenever(无论何时)‎ Wherever you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟着你。‎ Whenever you come，I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来，我都会等你。‎ 比较状 语从句 than(比……)，as…as(和……一样)，not as/so…as(不如……)‎ He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。‎ 地点状 语从句 where(……的地方)，wherever(无论哪里)‎ Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。‎ ‎2．主句和从句时态一致 ‎(1) 主现从现：若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词，那么从句应用一般现在时表将来。‎ Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。‎ ‎(2) 主将从现：在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。‎ 常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon as，as long as，once等；表示条件的if，unless，so long as，in case等。‎ If the weather is bad next week, we will put off the climbing. 如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。‎ ‎(3) 过去时态：若主句和从句都是叙述过去的事情，则主从句可用一般过去时或过去进行时。‎ My mother was watching TV when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家时妈妈正在看电视。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎1. ( 2017河南) The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, ____ the part was a small one.‎ A. since B. while ‎ C. though D. unless ‎2. (2016河南) A stupid man tells a woman to shut up, while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful ____ it is closed.‎ A. unless B. since C. when D. though ‎3. (2015 河南) ____ we keep our hearts open, we can experience the happiness friendship brings us.‎ A. Since B. If C. Unless D. Though ‎4. (2014 河南) He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back ____ his parents talk with him.‎ A. if B. before C. when D. until ‎5.(2017眉山中考)I don't know if Eric________this Sunday. If he________here, I'll call you at once.‎ A．will come; will come ‎ B．come; comes C．comes; will come ‎ D．will come; comes ‎6.(2017重庆A卷中考)As soon as the rain________，they will go out to pick apples.‎ A．stops 　B.stopped C.will stop D.is stopping ‎7.(2017北京中考)My mother________some washing when the telephone rang. ‎ A．does B．did C．is doing D．was doing ‎ ‎8.(2017北京中考)Lily is my classmate. We________each other since she came to our school. ‎ A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know ‎ ‎9.(张家口升学一模)Danny didn't see the cat catching a fish because he ________ the NBA game.‎ A．watches　　B．is watching C．was watching D．watched Keys: 1-5CCBCD 6-9ADCC ‎　‎ 河南中考考点精练 ‎1.(重庆中考)—Do you know________？‎ ‎—Let me see.I remember it was on March 18th.‎ A．why did they move here B．why they moved here C．when did they move here[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ D．when they moved here[来源:学科网]‎ ‎2.(临沂中考)Sweet wormwood(青蒿) is a common plant in China.Tu Youyou is the woman________used the plant's special power to save millions of lives.‎ A．which　　 B．who　　 C．whose　 　D．/‎ ‎3.(随州中考)The policeman has caught the thief________stole Mr.Li's wallet.‎ A．whose B．who C．whom D．which Keys: DBB 复合句2017中考真题 考点1 宾语从句 ‎1. (2017·广东)— Do you know ________ yesterday?‎ ‎—Yes. He went for the boat race.‎ A. why didn't Peter go to school B. why doesn't Peter go to school C. why Peter didn't go to school D. why Peter doesn't go to school ‎2. (2017·安徽)—Do you know ________ Ann goes to work every day?‎ ‎—Usually by underground.‎ A. why B. how C. when D. whether ‎3. (2017·青岛)—Excuse me, do you know ________？‎ ‎— On foot.‎ A. what Alice came to do B. where Alice came from C. how Alice came here D. who Alice came with ‎4. (2017·泰安)—The light in Bill's office is still on.I wonder ________. ‎ ‎—Maybe at midnight again.‎ A. if will he stop working B. why he works so hard C. how long will he work D. when he will stop working[来源:学_科_网]‎ ‎5. (2017·龙东区)—Alice，could you tell me when your sister ________ from Harbin?‎ ‎—I'm not sure. I'll call you when she ________. ‎ A. will come back; will return B. comes back; will return ‎ C. will come back; returns ‎6. (2017·武汉)—I'd like to know ________for the party.‎ ‎—I have no idea.‎ A. why did she buy so little food ‎ B. what she has prepared ‎ C. whether will she dance D. when is she leaving ‎ ‎7. (2017·天津)Mr Jackson hasn't decided ________this weekend.‎ A. where he will have a picnic B. where will he have a picnic C. where he had a picnic D. where did he have a picnic ‎8. (2017·昆明)— Could you please tell me________？‎ ‎—The people and the food.‎ A. how does Tom like China ‎ B. if Tom likes China C. what does Tom like about China ‎ D. what Tom likes about China ‎9. (2017·黄冈)—Summer vacation is coming! Could you tell me ________？‎ ‎—Xi'an. I really want to visit the Terracotta Army.‎ A. where are you going B. what are you doing C. where you are going D. what you are doing ‎10. (2017·邵阳)—Li Ming, do you know________？‎ ‎—Yes .He comes from Canada.‎ A. where does our new English teacher come from B where our new English teacher comes from C. where did our new English teacher come from ‎11. (2017·荆州)As middle school students, we should start thinking about________ for our country in the future.‎ A. what we did B. what did we do ‎ C. what we can do D. what can we do ‎ ‎12. (2017·鄂州)—Do you know ________？‎ ‎—Yes, she is very kind and outgoing.‎ A. what's his mother like B. what his mother likes C. what his mother is like[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ D. how his mother is like ‎13. (2017·北京)— Judy, could you tell me________ the schoolbag?‎ ‎— Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.‎ A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy ‎14. (2017·南充)—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________？‎ ‎—Sure. Go along this street and turn left. It's on your right.‎ A. when I can get to the bookstore B. when can I get to the bookstore C. how I can get to the bookstore D. how can I get to the bookstore ‎15. (2017·广东)Johnson won't answer the phone if he ________ the number.‎ A. knew B. doesn't know C. will know D. didn't know Keys: CBCDCBADCBCCCCB 考点2 定语从句 ‎16. (2017·泰安) Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ________ he was born in.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. it ‎17. (2017·潍坊)—What kind of movies do you prefer?‎ ‎—I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.‎ A. which give B. that gives[来源:学.C. which gives D. who gives ‎18. (2017·温州)Opposite my house is________. My tenyearold son often goes there with his classmates on Saturday.[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]‎ A. a museum that is open on weekdays ‎ B. a swimming pool that is designed for adults C. a cinema which sells tickets at a lower price ‎ D. a library which will be completed in two years ‎19. (2017·鄂州)—Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.‎ ‎—He is a great astronaut of _______ all the Chinese are proud.‎ A. that B. whose C. who D. whom ‎20. (2017·广东)According to a survey, people ______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.‎ A. which B. whom C. whose D. who[来源:学。科。网]‎ Keys: AACDD 考点3 状语从句 ‎21 (2017·广西)His mother doesn't like to throw away old things ________ they are useless.‎ A. but B. because C. even if D. so that ‎ ‎22. (2017·广西)If he ________ Guilin, he'll probably go to Yangshuo.‎ A. visits B. is visiting C. will visit D. has visited ‎23. (2017·河南)The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, ________ the part was a small one.‎ A. since B. while C. though D. unless Keys: BCAC 附加题：‎ ‎10. (2017兰州改编)She often parks her car near the house ______she can easily get to.‎ A. where B. who C. which D. when ‎ ‎11. (2017郑州外国语三模)This is the house ______we lived in last year.‎ A. which B. what C. where D. whom ‎12. (2017郑州二模)The sky looks grey all the time. We all want to know ______. ‎ A. how long the situation will last B. when will a strong wind come C. whether a strong wind came soon D. that we are able to change the situation ‎13. (2017郑州二次质检)—Your shoes are beautiful!‎ ‎—Thank you. They are the present ______ my mom bought me last month.‎ A. that B. who C. what D. where ‎14. (2017信阳三模)Learning to love is like learning to walk. We'll find it's not so difficult ______we step out bravely. ‎ A. as if B. even though C. as long as D. as far as ‎15. (2017郑州省实验模拟)—What question did they ask you in the interview?‎ ‎—They asked______. ‎ A. what I usually do in the spare time B. why did I choose their company C. when I could start working ‎ D. who do I want to work with ‎16. (河南原创)The elephant has ______a strong body ______it can do heavy work for people.‎ A. so; that B. such; that C. such; so D. so; and ‎17. (河南原创)—Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.‎ ‎—He is a great astronaut of ______ all the Chinese are proud.‎ A. that B. whose C. who D. whom ‎18. (河南原创)—Are you going camping this afternoon?‎ ‎—A typhoon is coming. I'm not sure ______the road to the mountains will be closed. ‎ A. which B. what C. whether D. why ‎19. (河南原创)The students love the teachers ______ can make their lessons fun.‎ A. whom B. which C. what D. who ‎20. (河南原创)She dressed up______ everyone might notice her.‎ A. in order to B. in order that C. although D. if ‎21. (2017原创)—Laura has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me ______？‎ ‎—It is more convenient for us to connect with each other.‎ A. what it is used for B. why did she set it up ‎ C. how she set it up D. when she set it up ‎22. (2017原创) Mobike is a popular bike－sharing service ______brings convenience to our life.‎ A. which B. what C. where D. who ‎23. (2017焦作二模) —We should read more books.‎ ‎—I can't agree more. As we known, “One ______is filled with knowledge always behaves wisely.”‎ A. which B. who C. whom D. what ‎24. (2017原创)There are more and more shared bicycles in the streets, so many people wonder ______.‎ A. whether is it safe to ride them B. that it brings convenience to us all ‎ C. why are they very popular D. how these companies will make money ‎25. (2017原创)Let me show these key points on the screen ______you can copy them after class.‎ A. even though B. in order to C. as soon as D. so that ‎26. (2017原创)Miss Wang always makes her classes lively and interesting. I still remember every word ______she said in class.‎ A. whose B. that ‎ C. what D. who 参考答案：‎ ‎11～15 A A A C C 16～20 B D C D B　21～26 A A B D D B